树突状细胞联合细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞体外抗肺癌的实验研究

目的探讨树突状细胞（DC）联合细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞（CIK）在体内外能否有效的抗肺癌。方法正常人外周血单个核细胞经不同细胞因子作用后培养成DC和CIK细胞,单个核细胞经贴附塑料平皿获得单核细胞,加入GM—CSF,IL-4及TNF—a诱导获得DC,悬浮细胞加入IFN—g,24h后IL-1a,IL-2及CD3McAb诱导获得CIK,将A549制备成肿瘤细胞冻融物．作为肿瘤抗原刺激DC,并将DC与CIK细胞联合培养（DC＋CIK,负载抗原的DC＋CIK）,以CIK细胞单独培养作为对照。CytotoxicityTOX96体外杀伤实验测定体外细胞毒活性。结果在培养的第15d．与负载抗原的DC共同培养的CIK与CIK细胞单独培养细胞相比,增殖速率明显提高[（23．4±2．3）倍vs（16．7±2．7）倍,P〈0．05],CD3＋CD56＋细胞表达水平也明显提高,[（64．3±3．6）％vs（43．9±2．1）％,P〈0．05],同时负载抗原的DC的CIK对A549细胞的体外下细胞毒活性增强。结论DC与CIK细胞共培养后可提高CIK细胞的增殖速率,提高CIK细胞表型的表达水平,增强CIK抗肺癌的活性．将来可作为一种临床有效的过继免疫治疗策略。     

树突状细胞联合细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞体内外抗肺癌的实验效应研究

目的探讨树突状细胞（DC）联合细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞（CIK）在体内外对肺癌的影响。方法正常人外周血单个核细胞经不同细胞因子作用后培养成DC和CIK细胞,单个核细胞经贴附塑料平皿获得单核细胞,加入GM-CSF,IL-4及TNF-a诱导获得DC,悬浮细胞加入IFN-g,24h后IL-1a,IL-2及CD3McAb诱导获得CIK,将A549制备成肿瘤细胞冻融物,作为肿瘤抗原刺激DC,并将DC与CIK细胞联合培养（DC＋CIK,负载抗原的DC＋CIK）,以CIK细胞单独培养作为对照。用流式细胞仪分析细胞表型,自体混合淋巴细胞反应和异体混合淋巴细胞反应检测其刺激T细胞的的增殖活性。Cytotoxicity TOX96体外杀伤实验测定体外细胞毒活性,同时用A549细胞系建立荷瘤裸鼠模型研究其体内抗肺癌活性。结果在培养的第15d,与负载抗原的DC共同培养的CIK与CIK细胞单独培养细胞相比,增殖速率明显提高[（23.4±2.3）倍vs（16.7±2.7）倍,P〈0.05],CD3＋CD56＋细胞表达水平也明显提高,[（64.3±3.6）%vs（43.9±2.1）%,P〈0.05],同时负载抗原的DC的CIK对A549细胞的体外下细胞毒活性增强,体内实验显示,与单独培养的CIK细胞相比,与负载抗原的DC共同培养的CIK,可明显抑制接种瘤细胞的裸鼠成瘤率,DC＋CIK与负载抗原的DC＋CIK在抗六效应上没有明显差异。结论 DC与CIK细胞共培养后可提高CIK细胞的增殖速率,提高CIK细胞表型的表达水平,增强CIK体内抗肺癌的活性。将来可作为一种临床有效的过继免疫治疗策略。     

糖基化抗原致敏的DC与CIK共培养对高表达HER-2胃癌细胞免疫应答的研究

目的：探讨HER-2／neu胞外配体第2结构域（L2）经糖基化修饰后作为肿瘤疫苗在抗胃癌免疫中的作用。方法：纯化出目的蛋白HER-2／neu胞外配体第2结构域,并对其进行糖基化修饰（mL2）,同时选取12例经免疫组化证实为HER-2／neu阳性的胃腺癌患者,用mL2致敏这12名患者外周血来源的树突状细胞（DC）,同时诱导患者来源的细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞（CIK）,将DC与CIK共培养后,研究CIK的增殖、细胞因子分泌以及CIK对HER-2／neu阴性胃癌细胞株和自体胃癌细胞的杀伤活性。结果：mL2致敏的DC刺激了CIK的增殖,促进了CIK向TH1方向分化,并提高了CIK对HER-2／neu阳性胃癌细胞株和自体胃癌细胞的杀伤活性,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论：负载mL2的DCs提高了CIK对HER-2／neu阳性胃癌细胞株和自体胃癌肿瘤的特异性杀伤能力,甘露糖化抗原可能成为新型肿瘤疫苗应用于临床胃癌免疫治疗。     

抗原负载树突状细胞刺激细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞治疗晚期胃癌的临床观察

目的探讨抗原负载树突状细胞(DC)刺激细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞(CIK)治疗晚期胃癌的临床疗效及毒副反应。方法采集晚期胃癌患者外周血单个核细胞,洗涤后在体外培养成CIK,同时培养DC,并给予负载抗原,7 d后将DC与CIK共培养,14 d后回输体内,观察疗效。结果CIK治疗晚期胃癌可明显减轻症状,改善患者免疫功能,而无明显副反应。结论CIK治疗可作为晚期胃癌常规治疗的有效辅助手段。     

CIK细胞诱导及对K562细胞毒作用的研究

目的 体外诱导细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞(CIK),并研究其生物学活性.方法 从外周血分离单个核细胞(PBMC),经过细胞因子诱导、培养并扩增CIK细胞,以LAK细胞作比较,检测CIK的增殖能力,流式细胞仪检测CIK细胞表面标志CD3、CD56,MTT法检测对K562细胞系杀伤活性.结果 CIK细胞第二周进入快速增殖期,到第21d扩增倍数超过120倍,CD3 、CD56 细胞扩增倍数达15倍以上;CIK对K562细胞的杀伤能力明显优于LAK细胞.结论 CIK细胞是一种具有很强杀瘤活性的免疫活性细胞,具有临床应用前景.     

耐药乳腺癌裸鼠模型免疫治疗初探

目的 耐药乳腺癌表现为治疗效果差,转移率高,死亡率高的一种恶性程度极高的肿瘤性疾病。有研究表明,细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞（CIK）在树突细胞（DC）辅助下,对耐药肿瘤细胞的杀伤能力可能超过T细胞。本实验利用DC与CIK联合培养,比较在不同条件下对乳腺癌多药耐药细胞株的杀伤效应。 方法 分离健康人外周血获得单个核细胞,分别诱导为树突细胞（DC）和CIK细胞,将人类乳腺癌耐药细胞株MCF-7/ADR细胞的冻融物抗原冲击DC（AP-DC）,分别将DC与CIK细胞共培养（AP-DC+CIK 、DC+CIK）,CIK细胞单独培养作对照。用流式细胞仪分析细胞表型,酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）测定分泌IL-12、TNF-α、IFN-γ和IL-2水平,MTT法测定细胞毒效应。结果 DC和CIK细胞共孵育,使CIK细胞的CD3CD56双阳性细胞的比例及分泌IFN-γ、TNF-α和IL-2的水平增高,DC的成熟表型和分泌IL-12的水平增加,其中均以AP-DC+CIK组增高最为明显,和其他组间比较差异有统计学意义。对乳腺癌耐药细胞MCF-7/ADR的细胞毒效应,AP-DC+CIK组杀伤效应最强, 与DC+CIK组和CIK组比较差异均有统计学意义;结论 经耐药肿瘤抗原负载的DC与CIK共同作用后,其对耐药乳腺癌细胞MCF-7/ADR的抗瘤免疫能力最强,为临床治疗耐药肿瘤带来希望。     

DC-CIK的抗肿瘤作用及机制的研究进展

细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞（cytokine induced killer,CIK）除了利用LFA-1/ICAM-1 途径直接杀伤肿瘤细胞外,还可通过Fas/FasL 途径、NKG2D 途经间接诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡。树突状细胞（dendritic cell,DC）在通过肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体（TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand,TRAIL）发挥直接杀瘤作用的同时,亦可通过非MHC-\r\nⅠ、非MHC- Ⅱ两种途径来间接杀伤肿瘤细胞。DC 与CIK 共培育形成的DC-CIK 细胞结合了二者的抗肿瘤机制并相互促进,使得杀瘤活性大大提高。     

脐血来源树突状细胞增强CIK细胞对肺癌细胞株的杀伤作用

目的探讨肺癌细胞株A549肿瘤冻融抗原负荷脐血来源树突状细胞(DCs)与CIK细胞混合培养后对A549细胞杀伤活性的影响作用。方法取对数生长期的A549细胞制备肿瘤抗原(Ag),用脐血单个核细胞(CBMC)分别制备DCs和CIK细胞;用负荷Ag的DCs和CIK细胞共培养,诱导Ag-DC-CIK细胞。用流式细胞术检测DC免疫表型,MTT法检测CBMC、CIK、Ag-CIK和Ag-DC-CIK对A549肿瘤细胞株的杀伤活性。结果脐血DCs高表达CD86、CD40,中度表达CD83和CD80,低表达CD11c。实验组细胞(Ag-DC-CIK)对A549细胞的杀伤能力(62%)明显高于对照组(P<0.01),结论肿瘤抗原负荷的DCs能增强CIK细胞对靶细胞的杀伤活性,为DCs的免疫治疗提供了新的思路。     

茶多酚对人细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞和胃癌细胞株作用观察

目的 观察茶多酚对人细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞(cytokine-induced killer cells,CIK)杀伤肿瘤细胞活性的影响和诱导人胃癌细胞株(SGC-7901)凋亡和死亡的作用。方法 在体外用不同浓度的茶多酚与人CIK细胞和SGC-7901细胞株共同作用,然后测定人CIK细胞杀瘤活性和对肿瘤细胞的作用。用不同浓度的茶多酚分别与培养的SGC-7901细胞株作用1～8小时后,弃含有茶多酚的培养液再继续培养24小时,然后测定其死亡和凋亡数,用CIK细胞作对照组。结果 茶多酚浓度400mg·L~(-1),作用CIK细胞4小时后能明显增强CIK细胞的杀伤肿瘤细胞活性,与未诱导组和其它浓度组相比P<0.01;CIK细胞对经茶多酚处理后的SGC-7901细胞株杀伤活性也明显高于对照组P相似文献   

小檗碱对DC联合CIK杀伤HepG-2活性的影响

目的：探讨小檗碱对树突状细胞（DC）联合细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞（CIK）杀伤HepG-2细胞活性的影响。方法：常规分离外周血单个核细胞并诱导生成DC和CIK;DC分成小檗碱组和阴性对照组,小檗碱组在培养48h时加入小檗碱;第8d观察形态并计数;收集培养上清液并测定IL-12水平：将Dc与cIK按不同比例共培养7d,计数各组CIK;MTT法检测CIK对HepG-2的杀伤率。结果：培养第8d小檗碱组DC较阴性对照组多（P〈0．01）;细胞培养上清液中IL-12水平无差别：小檗碱组DC诱导CIK数较阴性对照组多,两组CIK对HepG-2的杀伤率无明显区别。结论：小檗碱主要通过促进DC和CIK增殖发挥增强Dc—CIK群体杀伤肿瘤活性。     

D609 induces vascular endothelial cells and marrow stromal cells differentiation into neuron-like cells

AIM: To investigate the effect of tricyclodecane-9-yl-xanthogenate (D609) on cell differentiation in vascular endo- thelial cells (VECs) and marrow stromal cells (MSCs). METHODS: Morphological changes were observed under phase contrast microscope. Electron microscope and immunostaining were used for VECs identification. The expressions of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were examined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: After 6 h of induc…     

Dendritic cells and T cells in immunotherapy

Autologous cellular immunotherapies have been used experimentally in humans to treat many types of cancer. These therapies are divided into two principal types: active cellular immunotherapies that rely on autologous dendritic cells or other antigen presenting cells; and adoptive T-cell therapies, in which large numbers of antigen-specific T lymphocytes are propagated ex vivo and then infused back into the patient. With the FDA approval of the antigen presenting cell vaccine sipuleucel-T for prostate cancer, active immunization has become an accepted approach for the treatment of established cancer.     

Comparative effect of cadmium on osteoblastic cells and osteoclastic cells

Cadmium(Cd) has been thought to disturb the bone metabolism directly. The mechanism for the bone lesion is unknown, however. To examine the effects of cadmium on bone metabolism, we compared its effects on osteoblasts and osteoclasts in vitro. We used an established cell line, MC3T3-E₁, as osteoblasts and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP)-positive multi-nucleated cells (MNC) formed by a bone marrow culture system as osteoclasts. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was decreased by 10^–7 M Cd and DNA content and hydroxyproline content of osteoblastic cells were decreased by 10^–5 M Cd. Cadmium at 10^–7 M inhibited the osteoclastic cell formation from mouse bone marrow in the presence of 10^–8 M 1,25(OH)₂ vitamin D₃. A 100-fold higher concentration of zinc(Zn) simultaneously added to the cadmium-containing medium prevented the toxicity of cadmium to osteoclastic cells as observed in the culture of osteoblastic cells. These results indicate that both bone formation and bone resorption are inhibited by cadmium. The responses of osteoclasts and osteoblasts to cadmium in this culture system were the same and the responses of cadmium-damaged osteoblasts and osteoclasts to zinc were also similar. These results suggest that another mechanism by which cadmium could cause bone damage should be considered in addition to the specific induction of osteoclastic cells by Cd.     

静脉血管平滑肌细胞中的多倍体细胞分析

目的探讨流式细胞术分析静脉血管平滑肌细胞多倍体细胞的方法和意义。方法选取普通级健康成年日本大耳白兔2只,雄性,8月龄,大约3 kg;普通级SD大鼠2只,雄性,8周龄,大约200 g。人大隐静脉为2例心脏冠状动脉旁路移植术中修补血管所得。在麻醉日本大耳白兔和大鼠后开腹腔获取下腔静脉,采用多种酶组合的消化液消化兔、大鼠以及人的静脉血管得到适合流式细胞检测的静脉血管平滑肌单细胞悬液,用碘化丙啶标记细胞,利用细胞流式仪分析兔、大鼠以及人的静脉血管平滑肌单细胞悬液各5 000个细胞,检测细胞DNA含量,DNA含量翻倍的细胞为多倍体细胞。并利用荧光原位杂交技术（FISH）验证阳性对照HEK293细胞系中的多倍体的存在。结果流式结果显示分析的5 000个细胞中,阳性对照HEK293细胞的多倍体细胞为1 355个（27.1%）,从2例患者中取得的大隐静脉多倍体细胞为310个（6.2%）和250个（5.0%）;2只大鼠的下腔静脉平滑肌细胞中多倍体细胞为360个（7.2%）和450个（9%）;2只兔的下腔静脉平滑肌细胞中多倍体细胞分别为270个（5.4%）和305个（6.1%）。结论成年的静脉血管包括人大隐静脉的平滑肌细胞中普遍存在一定比例的多倍体细胞。     

Targeting mast cells

Mast cells play a key role in the induction of allergic disorders, such as asthma and rhinitis, through the release of mediators including histamine, arachidonate products, proteases and several cytokines, which are found in relatively high quantities in these cells. A significant number of therapeutic approaches for allergies have been designed based on antagonising specific mediators released from mast cells and on selectively inhibiting the activation of these cells. Classical mast cell stabilisers, such as sodium cromoglycate, continue to attract new developments based on improved formulation and delivery systems, while efforts to identify new pathway (e.g., tyrosine kinase Syk) inhibitors or mediator (e.g., prostaglandin D₂, β-tryptase) antagonists may bring new successes to this field.     

Cardiac-derived stem cells

Current scientific dogma holds that cardiomyocyte stem cells do not exist in the adult mammalian heart, and furthermore, that there is little, if any, potential for the regeneration of damaged myocardium. In order to approach this topic, I have begun with a brief overview of advances in stem cell research in other organ systems, such as the bone marrow and the brain. Very recent progress in cardiac stem cell research is then discussed, which indicates that a cardiomyocyte progenitor cell contributes to cardiomyocyte replacement throughout life. This progenitor cell may reside in the heart itself, or derive from a circulating marrow stem cell.