右美托咪定对椎管内麻醉手术患者应激反应的影响

目的分析右美托咪定在椎管内麻醉手术中对患者应激反应的影响。方法选取2016年1月至2018年10月120例行椎管内麻醉手术治疗的患者,随机分为观察组与对照组。对照组采取咪达唑仑,观察组则采取右美托咪定。观察两组患者手术前(T0)、用药10 min(T1)、用药30 min(T2)、用药60 min(T3)以及手术结束前(T4)的脑电双频指数指数(BIS)以及平均动脉压(MAP)的变化。结果两组患者T1-T1的BIS、MAP与T0相比差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者T1-T4期间的BIS、MAP比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论右美托咪定在椎管内麻醉手术中对患者应激反应有一定的影响。     

右美托咪定复合七氟烷在腹腔镜前列腺癌根治手术中的应用

目的 探讨右美托咪定复合七氟烷对腹膜外腹腔镜前列腺癌根治手术患者围术期血流动力学及术后恢复的影响.方法 40例ASA Ⅰ～Ⅱ级择期行腹膜外腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术患者,随机分为右美托咪定组(D组,n=20)和瑞芬太尼组(R组,n=20).插管前给予右美托咪定或瑞芬太尼负荷量,术中以维持量静脉泵注,缝皮时停右美托咪定或瑞芬太尼.记录麻醉前(T1),气管插管后1 min (T2),气腹后15 min (T3)、30 min (T4)、60 min(T5),解除气腹后5 min (T6)各时点的心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)、心输出量(CO)、心脏指数(CI)、每搏量变异度(SVV)、每搏量(SV).观察拔管时间及麻醉恢复期不良反应.结果 R组HR、MAP于T2、T3明显升高(P＜0.05),CO和CI在T2、T3时点显著降低(P＜0.05).D组术后切口疼痛明显少于R组(P＜0.05),D组麻醉苏醒拔管时间明显长于R组(P＜0.01).结论 右美托咪定复合七氟烷麻醉用于腹膜外腹腔镜前列腺癌根治手术,术中血流动力学稳定,术后疼痛减轻,恶心呕吐减少,但麻醉恢复时间明显延长.     

右美托咪定对老年胸科患者拔管期血流动力学的影响

目的 观察右美托咪定对行肺癌根治术老年患者拔管期间血流动力学的影响.方法 选择50例拟在全身麻醉下行择期肺癌根治术的患者,年龄65～75岁,ASAⅡ～Ⅲ级,随机分为右美托咪定组(观察组)和生理盐水组(对照组),每组25例.两组分别在手术关胸前15 min经静脉微量泵持续输注右美托咪定0.5 μg/kg和等容量生理盐水,输注时间为15 min.于给药前(T0),给药后5、10、15 min(T1-3),拔管前1 min(T4),拔管即刻(T5),拔管后3、5、10 min(T6-8)记录两组患者的平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)、心指数(CI),并记录两组患者苏醒时间、拔管时间和Ramsay评分.结果 观察组T2、T3的MAP、HR、CI较T0均显著下降(P＜0.05);观察组T5、T6、T7的MAP、HR、CI均明显低于对照组(P＜0.05),但与T4比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);两组患者的苏醒时间、拔管时间和Ramsay评分比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 静脉输注右美托咪定可显著减轻老年患者双腔管拔管时的心血管反应,维持血流动力学的稳定,且对麻醉苏醒没有明显影响.     

右美托咪定在全身麻醉中应用的价值

目的 分析在全身麻醉中应用右美托咪定的临床价值.方法 选取86例择期手术患者作为研究对象,分为观察组(右美托咪定麻醉)与对照组(生理盐水辅助全身麻醉),各43例,观察组给予右美托咪定麻醉,将右美托咪定稀释成4μg/mL,于麻醉诱导前15 min以负荷量1.0μg/kg静脉泵注,输注时间应少于10 min.对照组给予等相同剂量的生理盐水进行静脉泵注,在静脉输注10 min后进行全身麻醉诱导.全身麻醉诱导时应采用2 mg/kg丙泊酚、0.2μg/kg芬太尼、0.6 mg/kg罗库溴铵进行静脉推注.观察2组患者在进入手术室时(T 0)、插管时(T 1)、术后睁眼时(T 2)、拔管时(T3)及拔管后10min(T4)各个时刻的HR、MAP变化.结果 观察组在麻醉中的丙泊酚、芬太尼用量分别为(2.13±0.31)、(75.62±21.68)均少于对照组的(3.85±0.64)、(118.34±34.27),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组在T 1、T 3时刻的MAP、HR水平均显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 在手术全身麻醉中应用右美托咪定,能有效稳定患者的血液动力学,且有良好的镇静、镇痛效果.     

右美托咪定对老年患者全身麻醉手术血流动力学和苏醒期拔除气管导管的影响

目的探讨术前应用右美托咪定对老年患者全身麻醉手术血流动力学和苏醒期拔除气管导管的影响。方法选择全身麻醉下择期行髋部骨折手术的患者60例,年龄60~85岁,体重50~85kg,美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)分级Ⅱ或Ⅲ级。随机分入右美托咪定组和对照组,每组30例。右美托咪定组患者经静脉输液泵注射右美托咪定0.5μg/kg,注射时间为15 min,对照组患者经静脉输液泵注射等容量的0.9%氯化钠溶液。分别于给药前(T0)、经静脉输液泵注射药物10 min(T1)、经静脉输液泵注药物结束(T2)、气管插管后即刻(T3)、手术切皮(T4)、手术进行30 min(T5)、手术结束(T6)、拔除气管导管后5 min(T7)、拔除气管导管后30min(T8)各时间点监测患者的平均动脉压(MAP)和心率(HR),记录患者自主呼吸恢复、按指令睁眼、拔除气管导管的时间和脑电双频指数(BIS)值。结果右美托咪定组在T4、T5、T6时间点的MAP和HR均显著低于同组T0时间点(P值均<0.05);对照组在T3时间点的MAP和HR均显著高于同组T0时间点(P值均<0.05),T4、T5、T6时间点的MAP和HR均显著低于同组T0时间点(P值均<0.05)。对照组在T3和T7时间点的MAP和HR,以及T4时间点的HR均显著高于右美托咪定组同时间点(P值均<0.05)。右美托咪定组自主呼吸恢复时的BIS值显著高于对照组(P<0.05),两组间自主呼吸恢复时间、按指令睁眼时间和BIS值、拔除气管导管时间和BIS值的差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。右美托咪定组术中丙泊酚和芬太尼用量均显著低于对照组(P值均<0.05)。两组间心动过缓和低血压发生率的差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。结论老年患者在行髋部手术前静脉输注0.5μg/kg右美托咪定能使其围术期血流动力学更加平稳,且对术后苏醒和拔除气管导管无影响。     

右美托咪定复合不同药物诱导对全麻患者BIS及插管和拔管时应激反应的影响

目的 评价右美托咪定复合咪哒唑仑或丙泊酚对全身麻醉患者镇静程度脑电双频谱指数(BIS)及气管插管和拔管反应的影响.方法 择期行全麻手术患者100例,ASA Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,16～66岁,随机分为5组,每组20例.Ⅰ组(右美托咪定+咪哒唑仑);Ⅱ组(右美托咪定+阿托品+咪哒唑仑);Ⅲ组(右美托咪定+丙泊酚);Ⅳ组(右美托咪定+阿托品+丙泊酚);Ⅴ组(咪哒唑仑+丙泊酚).Ⅰ组缓慢静脉注射右美托咪定1 μg/kg,芬太尼、咪哒唑仑及维库溴铵;Ⅱ组缓慢静脉注射右美托咪定1 μg/kg+阿托品,其余同Ⅰ组;Ⅲ组缓慢静脉注射右美托咪定1 μg/kg,芬太尼、丙泊酚及维库溴铵;Ⅳ组缓慢静脉注射右美托咪定1 μg/kg+阿托品,其余同Ⅲ组;Ⅴ组常规给予咪哒唑仑、芬太尼、丙泊酚和维库溴铵.记录麻醉前(T0)、给予右美托咪定后即刻(T1)、给予肌松药前(T2)、插管前即刻(T3)、插管后1 min(T4)、插管后5 min(T5)、手术结束前10 min(T6)、拔管前(T7)、拔管后即刻(T8)、拔管后5 min(T9)的HR、最低HR、MAP、BIS、SpO2.结果 各组在给予咪哒唑仑或丙泊酚前BIS均在75±4;Ⅰ组插管前最低HR下降为(53±5)次/min,Ⅲ组插管前最低HR下降为(49±4)次/min,Ⅱ组插管前最低HR下降为(62±5)次/min,Ⅳ组插管前HR下降为(62±7)次/min,Ⅴ组HR(61±5)次/min,HR变化差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);血压变化差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),Ⅴ组拔管前后HR、MAP变化大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).各组插管前BIS均有明显下降(P<0.05).结论 在全麻诱导中右美托咪定1 μg/kg单独使用对镇静程度BIS影响小,必须复合咪哒唑仑或丙泊酚或其他镇静药物才达到插管镇静;右美托咪定诱导可以明显降低HR,加阿托品诱导可以缓解HR明显下降;右美托咪定维持麻醉可以明显减轻插管、拔管反应及术后躁动和疼痛.     

右美托咪定辅助全麻下每搏量变异度监测机体容量状况的准确性研究

目的 评价每搏量变异度(SVV)监测右美托咪定辅助全麻下患者全身血容量变化的准确性及持续输注右美托咪定是否会影响SVV.方法 择期平卧位行开腹胃肠手术患者60例,年龄37～65岁,ASA Ⅰ ～Ⅲ级,随机分为右美托咪定组(n=30)和对照组(n=30).对照组采用常规诱导及术中麻醉维持;右美托咪定组在对照组的麻醉方案基础上加用右美托咪定负荷量0.5μg/kg,并以0.5 μg/(kg·h)的速率持续输注维持麻醉.待气管插管5 min后、手术开始前以0.3 ml/(kg·min)的速率输注6％羟乙基淀粉130/0.4氯化钠注射液,输注量7 ml/kg.记录输注羟乙基淀粉氯化液前即刻(T1)和输注完毕后3 min (T2)的平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)、SVV、心指数(CI)、每搏量指数(SVI),并计算SVV与SVI的变化率(△SVV、△SVI).以ASVI≥10％为监测血容量变化的标准时,绘制SVV监测血容量变化的受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线.结果 ROC曲线结果分析显示,右美托咪定组SVV的诊断阈值为10.5％,判断扩容有效的灵敏度为90％,特异度为86.7％,曲线下面积为0.932;对照组的诊断阈值为11.5％,判断扩容有效的灵敏度为86.7％,特异度为83.3％,曲线下面积为0.941.对照组与右美托咪定组在TI与T2的SVV差值(△SVV)的差异无统计学意义.结论 在右美托咪定0.5μg/kg负荷量、0.5 μg/(kg·h)维持量的条件下,SVV判断患者液体治疗的扩容有效阈值为10.5％.该剂量的右美托咪定不会影响SVV对全身血容量的监测.     

右美托咪定对七氟烷吸入麻醉诱导气管插管应激反应的影响

目的探讨右美托咪定对七氟烷吸入麻醉诱导气管插管应激反应的影响。方法择期行下腹部手术患者90例,随机分为3组:空白对照组(C组)、右美托咪定低剂量组(L组)和右美托咪定高剂量组(H组)。麻醉诱导前15 min,右美托咪定两组分别静脉注射右美托咪定0.5、1.0μg/kg,完成后以0.3、0.5μg/(kg.h)泵注,对照组以同样方式静脉注射0.9%NaCl溶液,3组患者均以七氟烷行诱导麻醉,观察3组患者不同时间点心率、平均动脉压(MAP)、脑电双频谱指数(BIS)和警觉/镇静评分(OAA/S)。结果各组患者基础值(T0)比较无统计学意义;与C组比较,L组各时间点HR明显低于T0时点(P<0.05);与L组比较,H组各时点均明显下降(P<0.05),除T0时点,其他时点右美托咪定两组HR值均明显低于C组(P<0.05);H组T3、T4时点MAP值与C组差异明显(P<0.05)。T3、T4时点H、L组HR值比较差异明显(P<0.05)。与C组比较,右美托咪定两组OAA/S评分在T1、T2时点,BIS在T1、T2、T4时点比较差异明显(P<0.05)。结论右美托米定能有效减轻七氟烷吸入麻醉诱导期的应激反应,显示出剂量依耐性。     

右美托咪啶在臂丛神经阻滞麻醉上肢手术中的应用

目的观察术中持续泵注右美托咪啶在臂丛神经阻滞麻醉上肢手术中的应用效果。方法 40例择期行上肢手术患者分为右美托咪啶组和对照组。臂丛神经阻滞后10 min,右美托咪啶组患者静脉泵入右美托咪啶,对照组患者泵入生理盐水。记录麻醉前(T0)、臂丛神经阻滞后10 min(T1)、静脉给药后5(T2)、10(T3)、30(T4)、60 min(T5)及手术结束时(T6)患者的平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)和动脉血氧饱和度(SpO2),并观察患者术中不良反应发生率,术后评估患者的麻醉满意度。结果 T0～T2时,2组患者MAP、HR及SpO2比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);T3～T6时,右美托咪啶组患者MAP和HR显著低于对照组(P<0.05),但2组患者SpO2比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);右美托咪啶组T3～T6时患者MAP和HR显著低于T0时(P<0.05),对照组T3～T6时患者MAP和HR与T0时比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);T0～T6时,2组患者SpO2比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。右美托咪啶组患者满意度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。2组患者术中、术后均未出现恶心、呕吐等不良反应。结论在臂丛神经阻滞麻醉中持续泵注右美托咪啶,镇静镇痛效果更好,安全性高,患者术后满意度高。     

应用 Bioz．com 系统评价全麻中右美托咪定和丙泊酚的血流动力学变化

目的：评价全麻过程中右美托咪定和丙泊酚在同等麻醉深度下无创血流动力学影响。方法：择期行甲状腺大部切除术患者64例,ASA分级或Ⅱ级。采用随机数据表法,分成两组（ n＝32）：右美托咪定组（ D组）和丙泊酚组（ C组）。 D组入手术室后给以阿托品0．5mg,咪唑4mg,右美托咪定1．0μg／kg负荷量10min内注完,芬太尼0．25mg,罗库溴铵50mg诱导插管,后右美托咪定0．5μg· kg－1· h－1麻醉维持。 C组给予丙泊酚100mg,其它相同诱导插管,后丙泊酚以靶质量浓度设定为4～5mg／L维持麻醉。两组术中均用顺阿曲库铵,瑞芬太尼麻醉维持,用Bioz．com 系统监测无创血流动力学, BIS40～50。于入室（ T1）,插管前（ T2）、后（ T3）,手术开始（ T4）,10min（ T5）、拔管前（ T6）、后（ T7）记录患者的心率（ HR）、平均动脉压（ MAP ）、心脏指数（ CI ）、每搏指数（ SI ）、外周循环阻力（ SVR ）。结果：在同等BIS水平,两组患者瑞芬太尼的剂量D组低于C组。 HR、MAP、SI、SVR不同麻醉方法不同麻醉时相变化趋势不同,除HR外,D组均比C组稳定（ P＜0．05）,CI不同麻醉时相变化趋势相同。结论：右美托咪定负荷量1．0μg／kg,0．5μg· kg－1· h－1用于全麻诱导和维持,具有镇静镇痛作用,抑制应激反应,血流动力学较稳定。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Analysis of CK-19,PDX-1,Nestin,Ngn3 in different donor islet purity in rats

Objective: To investigate if there are the CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells in the donor islets of different purity in rats. Methods: Thirty male adult SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. Islets were isolated using digestion by ductal injection of collagenase. Group Ⅰ (n=10): Separating cell preparations were not purified, Group Ⅱ(n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% Ficoll400 ,Group Ⅲ (n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% and 11% Ficoll-400. The levels of protein of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin and Ngn3 were detected by immunohistochemistry and the mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 was amplified by RT-PCR. Results: After two different purification methods applied, three islet preparations of different purities were obtained. The difference of islet purity was significant among various groups (P＜0.05). Compared with group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ,the protein and mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin,Ngn3 were both higher in group Ⅰ; group Ⅲ was poorly expressed. Conclusions: The three different islet purity donor islet have different CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells within them, indicating that there are some islet stem cells in the purified donor islet.     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.