中枢神经系统感染性疾病的病原学研究

目的：探讨中枢神经系统感染性疾病的病原学特点。方法：分别用双抗体夹心ELISA法和传统的细菌及真菌培养等方法检测患者血清IgM，IgG抗体和脑脊髓液中病原体。结果：823例中枢神经系统急症患者中有126例(15．3％)单纯疱疹病毒IgM和／或IgG阳性，其中10岁以下年龄为高峰。10(1．2％)例巨细胞病毒特异性IgM和／或IgG阳性；8(0.97％)例水痘-带状疱疹病毒特异性IgM和／或IgG阳性；7(0．85％)例为结核性脑膜炎；6(0．72％)例为新生隐球菌性脑膜炎；1(0.12％)例为脑膜炎球菌性脑膜炎。结论：病毒，特别是单纯疱疹病毒，是中枢神经系统感染性疾病的常见病原：结核杆菌和新生隐球菌感染也占一定比例。     

儿童病毒性脑炎、脑膜炎92例临床及病毒病原学分析

目的:探讨儿童病毒性脑炎、脑膜炎脑脊液病毒病原学特点及临床表现差异。方法:应用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)方法对92例临床诊断为病毒性脑炎、脑膜炎患儿的脑脊液进行肠道病毒(EV)、单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)I型和II型、EB病毒(EBV)、腺病毒(ADV)及流感病毒(FLuV)特异性IgM抗体检测。结果:脑脊液特异性IgM抗体检测阳性者56例,阳性率为60.8%(56/92)。其中,第一位病原是肠道病毒27例,其次是单纯疱疹病毒I型和II型共14例,单纯疱疹病毒感染致残率及病死率较高。结论:(1)肠道病毒是本地区儿童中枢神经系统病毒感染的主要病原,单纯疱疹病毒感染致残率及病死率较其它病毒高。早期应用阿昔洛韦治疗可明显改善愈后。(2)脑脊液中病毒特异性的IgM抗体检测可作为早期病原诊断的指标之一。     

孕产妇4种病原体感染血清学筛查的临床意义

目的　探讨正常孕产妇弓形虫 (Toxoplasma)、风疹病毒 (Rubellavirus ,RV )巨细胞病毒 (Cytomegalovirus ,CMV)及单纯疱疹病毒 (herpessimplexvirus ,HSV )感染情况及其血清学筛查的临床意义。 方法　采用酶联免疫吸附 (ELISA)法检测 80 0份孕产妇血清 4种病原体IgG抗体和IgM抗体。 结果　血清弓形虫IgG/IgM抗体阳性率分别为 1.98%、0 .13 %;风疹病毒IgG/IgM抗体阳性率分别为 82 .75 %、0 .3 7%;巨细胞病毒IgG/IgM抗体阳性率为 70 .5 %、0 .75 %;单纯疱疹病毒IgG/IgM抗体阳性率分别为 0 .4%、0。 结论　对孕产妇进行 4种病原体感染血清学筛查 ,了解孕产妇对这 4种病原体的免疫状态 ,在优生优育方面有着重要的临床意义。尤其妊娠前确定风疹的免疫状态对孕妇风疹筛查意义重大。     

1089例孕妇血清单纯疱疹病毒抗体检测

目的:探讨孕妇弓形虫、风疹病毒、巨细胞病毒、单纯疱疹病毒(TORCH)感染血清学筛查的意义。方法:应用生物蛋白芯片检测1089例各孕期妊娠妇女血清中的TORCH抗体IgM及IgG。结果:弓形虫(TOX)抗体IgM、IgG阳性率为0.64%、2.75%;风疹病毒(RV)抗体IgM、IgG阳性率为2.20%、87.51%;巨细胞病毒(CMV)抗体IgM、IgG阳性率为1.20%、87.23%;单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)Ⅰ型抗体IgM、IgG阳性率为1.01%、88.89%,Ⅱ型抗体IgM、IgG阳性率分别为0.64%、90.91%。结论:TORCH血清学筛查能够减少不良妊娠的发生,是预防出生缺陷儿的重要保障措施之一,可减少和降低残障儿的出生。     

新疆温泉县419例孕前优生血清TORCH抗体检测分析

目的对育龄妇女进行弓形虫、风疹病毒、巨细胞病毒、单纯疱疹病毒(TORCH)抗体血清学检测分析.方法应用ELISA方法检测419例孕前妇女血清中的TORCH抗体IgM及IgG.结果弓形虫(TOX)抗体IgM、IgG阳性率为0.72%、11.46%;风疹病毒(RV)抗体IgM、IgG阳性率为1.19%、67.8%;巨细胞病毒(CMV)抗体IgM、IgG阳性率为1.43%、61.3%;单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)Ⅱ型抗体IgM、IgG阳性率分别为0.24%、0.72%.结论 TORCH血清学筛查能够减少不良妊娠的发生,是预防出生缺陷儿的重要保障措施之一,可减少和降低残障儿的出生.及时发现高危因素,对优生优育是非常有用的.     

自然流产孕妇巨细胞病毒抗体单纯疱疹病毒抗体及弓形虫抗体检测结果分析

目的　了解自然流产孕妇中巨细胞病毒、单纯疱疹病毒及弓形虫感染情况。方法　用宁波亚太公司生产的金标检测卡检测 116例自然流产孕妇及 88例计划外妊娠行人工流产孕妇 (对照组 )的巨细胞病毒(CMV)IgM、单纯疱疹病毒 (Hsv - 2 )IgM、弓形虫 (TOX)IgM抗体。结果　①自然流产孕妇组中巨细胞病毒IgM阳性率为 10 .34% (12 /116 ) ,对照组阳性率为 1.14 % (1/88) ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1) ;②自然流产孕妇组中单纯疱疹病毒IgM阳性率为 11.2 % (13/116 ) ,对照组阳性率为 2 .2 8% (2 /88) ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1) ;③自然流产孕妇组中弓形虫IgM阳性率为 2 .5 8% (3/116 ) ,对照组阳性率为 1.14 % (1/88) ,差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;④自然流产组中巨细胞病毒IgM及单纯疱疹病毒IgM同时阳性者为 7例 ,阳性率为 6 .0 % (7/116 ) ,对照组为阴性。结论　自然流产孕妇中存在巨细胞病毒、单纯疱疹病毒、弓形虫的感染 ,在诊断及治疗上应引起重视。目前已了解到诱发自然流产的因素有很多 ,我们针对自然流产孕妇检测了巨细胞病毒 (CMV)IgM、单纯疱疹病毒 (Hsv - 2 )IgM、弓形虫 (TOX)IgM ,以了解自然流产孕妇感染情况 ,以便早期诊断及治疗。     

全血细胞减少患者非特异性病毒检测的临床分析

目的回顾分析全血细胞减少患者非特异性病毒感染情况及其临床特点。方法应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测72例全血细胞减少患者非特异性病毒IgM和IgG抗体,并进行骨髓及其他相关检查。结果72例患者非特异性病毒检测IgM阳性共16例(22.22%),其中有9例微小病毒(HPV-B19)IgM阳性(12.5%),有3例EB病毒(EBV)IgM阳性(4.17%),有2例柯萨奇B组病毒(CBV)IgM阳性(2.78%),各有1例单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)及巨细胞病毒(CMV)IgM阳性(1.39%)。经抗病毒治疗,13例(81.25%)血象有不同程度改善。结论临床上诊断造血停滞、纯红再障及嗜血细胞综合征等疾病时应进行病毒检测,如病毒检测阳性可以应用抗病毒治疗,以改善病情。     

新型隐球菌性脑膜炎脑脊液IgM明显增高二例

新型隐球菌脑膜炎是一种较少见的亚急性或慢性感染的疾病,但近年来有增加的趋势,我院1985年收治二例,均在脑脊液(CSF)中找到典型的新型隐球菌而确诊.据报告本病CSF的免疫球蛋白(Ig)甚少,我们用琼脂扩散法测定Ig,发现IgM显著增高,例1IgG16.0mg/dl,IgA 0mg/dl, IgM8.1mg/dl;例21gG27.3mg/dl,lgA 0 mg/dl,IgM26.8mg/dl。讨论测定CSF中Ig对中枢神经系统疾患的诊断具有重要意义,正常人CSF中Ig含量极少,IgG为3.68±2.14 mg/dl,IgA1.55±1.27mg/dl,IgM缺如。当中枢神经系     

宿迁地区新生儿及婴儿TORCH感染的检测分析

目的:分析总结门诊和住院新生儿和婴儿TORCH特异性抗体检测结果,探讨其应用价值和临床意义。方法:采用ELISA法检测554例新生儿和婴儿血清TORCH特异性抗体。结果:554例标本中,检测巨细胞(CMV)特异性IgM阳性36例,IgG96例,风疹病毒(RV)特异性IgG104例,单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)IgG87例,弓形虫(TOX)特异性IgG6例。IgM阳性者以肝炎综合症占首位,依次为HIE、黄疸、肺部感染、早产儿。结论:开展及时而全面的TORCH特异性抗体的检测对临床极为重要。     

唐山市孕妇TORCH感染状况的初步调查

本文检测了唐山市 5 48例妊娠期妇女的弓形虫、风疹病毒、巨细胞病毒和单纯疱疹病毒的特异性IgM抗体 ,阳性率分别为 0 .5 3、0 .1 8、1 .41和 0 .35 %。 3例弓形虫、1例风疹及8例巨细胞病毒阳性均处于夏季 ,2例单纯疱疹病毒阳性处于秋季。本文结果提示唐山市孕妇TORCH感染状况不容忽视 ,并可能呈现一定的季节性     

基因荧光定量对小儿非化脓性脑膜炎病原学诊断及与临床关系的研究

目的　研究疱疹病毒与肺炎支原体 (MP)在小儿中枢神经系统感染发病中的作用及基因荧光定量PCR测定 (简称基因荧光定量 )与临床的关系。方法　利用基因荧光定量检测了小儿非化脓性脑膜炎 (非化脑 )脑脊液中EBV ,HSV ,CMV和MP的核酸含量 ,并与脑脊液中其特异性抗体结果对比。结果　 192例非化脑患儿中 84例病原DNA阳性率 4 3.8% ,且年龄越小 ,阳性率越高 ,以 0～ 3岁组最高 (5 0 .0 % ) ;在阳性者中 ,EBV DNA阳性率最高 (4 6 .4 % ) ,其次是HSV DNA和MP DNA(2 8.6 %和 14 .3% ) ,CMV DNA阳性率最低 (10 .7% ) ;重型患儿脑脊液 4种病原DNA的拷贝量明显高于轻型患儿 (P <0 .0 5 ,0 .0 1) ;脑脊液病原DNA阳性率与特异性IgM阳性率分别为 4 3.8%和 2 4 .5 % (P <0 .0 1)。结论　MP的直接损伤是MP脑膜炎的发病机制之一 ,基因荧光定量特异性强、敏感性高 ,需标本量少 ,是早期快速诊断小儿非化脑的可靠方法     

366例患者单纯疱疹Ⅱ型病毒感染的分析

目的:了解单纯疱疹Ⅱ型病毒(HSV2)感染与性传播疾病(性病)、流产、死(畸)胎和不孕不育等疾病的关系。方法:应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测HSV2-IgMI、gG抗体,对366例患者和80例健康对照者HSV2感染状态进行调查分析。结果:HSV2-IgMI、gG抗体阳性率患者组:13.1%、49.2%(48/366、180/366);对照组2.5%、25.0%(2/80、20/80),两组阳性率比较,差异非常显著(χ2=7.431,15.519;P<0.01,P<0.01)。结论:HSV2感染与性病、流产、死(畸)胎和不孕不育等疾病的部分患者的发病有关。     

长沙地区疱疹病毒性脑炎的病原研究

目的 :探讨长沙地区病毒性脑炎与疱疹病毒感染的关系。方法 :应用间接免疫荧光技术 (IFA)检测病毒性脑炎患者脑脊液或血清中疱疹病毒特异性IgG ,IgM。结果 :92 1例病毒性脑炎患者中有 1 33例 (1 4 4% )诊断为单纯疱疹病毒性脑炎 ,1 0岁以下年龄为发病高峰 ,9例 (0 98% )诊断为巨细胞病毒性脑炎 ,1 2例 (1 3 % )为水痘 带状疱疹病毒性脑炎。结论 :长沙地区疱疹病毒性脑炎病原以单纯疱疹病毒最常见 ;IFA法对疱疹病毒性脑炎具有诊断价值     

Viral infections in sudden hearing loss. Do we have enough evidence?

OBJECTIVE: The aetiology of sudden deafness remains unknown even though some evidences suggest that it could be viral in origin. This study aimed to find out the relationship between viral infections and sudden sensorineural hearing loss. METHODS: 32 patients presenting with sudden deafness and 10 healthy controls were included in the study. IgM antibodies to varicella zoster virus, measles, cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus were detected using micro ELISA. RESULTS: Overall, 7(21.8%) patients showed seropositivity to one or more viruses. Virus specific IgM antibodies against measles and varicella zoster could be demonstrated in 4 (12.5%) and 3 (9.4%) patients respectively. None of the samples were found to be positive for herpes simplex virus (HSV) and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) specific IgM antibodies. Controls were negative for all the viruses tested. The difference in seropositivity between the patient and control group was not statistically significant (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Thus, this study suggests that sudden deafness is not commonly associated with a systemic viral infection.     

重庆地区TORCH感染的血清学调查

本研究对重庆地区正常人群的TORCH感染进行了血清学调查。共收集160份成人血清,多数为育龄期妇女者,以及100份脐带血清。对上述标本以IFA法检测了弓形体抗体(IgS和IgM),以ELISA法检测巨细胞病毒(CMV)抗体(CMV-IgG和CMV-IgM),以乳胶凝集法检测风疹抗体,以及以补体结合试验(CF)检测单纯疱疹抗体。成人的弓形体、CMV、风疹、单纯疱疹感染率各为32.6％、72.0％、89.4％和79.4％;脐带血清的阳性率则各为21.4％、79.3％、78.9％和90.7％。作者讨论了以上结果的重要性     

结核病患者单纯疱疹病毒感染的检测及临床意义

目的了解结核病患者单纯疱疹病毒的感染情况,探讨其可能对结核病病情的影响。方法采用金标免疫斑点渗滤法分别检测51例肺结核患者和30例正常健康人血浆单纯疱疹病毒感染的IgM和IgG。结果肺结核患者组HsV—IgM的阳性率为88．24％与对照组（66．67％）相比,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;HSV-IgG的阳性率为80．39％,与对照组（70．00％）相比,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;有肺炎表现者HSV-IgG的阳性率为61．11％,与无肺炎表现的患者组（90．91％）相比,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;经统计学处理,HSV的活动性感染与病程、分期、痰涂片阳性无相关性（P〉0．05）。结论肺结核患者存在较高的活动性单纯疱疹病毒感染,活动性单纯疱疹病毒感染与病情轻重有一定关系。     

小儿病毒性脑膜炎病原学调查

目的分析小儿病毒性脑膜炎部分病原学情况。方法应用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA),对92例临床诊断病毒性脑膜炎患儿急性期及恢复期脑脊液进行单纯疱疹病毒(HSV-I、HSV-Ⅱ)、柯萨奇B组病毒(CoxBV)、埃可病毒(ECHO)、EB病毒(EBV)、腺病毒(AdV)及流感病毒(IFV)特异性IgM抗体检测。结果HSV、CoxBV、ECHO、EBV、AdV、IFV病毒感染率分别为8.69%、19.56%、23.91%、3.26%、4.34%、5.43%。结论提示脑脊液中病毒特异性IgM抗体检测可作为早期病原诊断的指标之一。     

Acute viral infection of the central nervous system in children: an 8-year review.

Reliable information on acute viral infections of the central nervous system (CNS) in Canadian children has not been available. To investigation this disease in Halifax the medical records of 180 patients with presumed or definite acute viral CNS infection diagnosed at the Izaak Walton Killam Hospital for Children over an 8-year period were reviewed. The yearly incidence was estimated at 19.5/100 000 for children up to 16 years of age, and the peak incidence was in July, August and September. The cause was determined in 64 (36%) of the 180 patients; it was most commonly a known infectious disease -- mumps (in 24 patients) or varicella (in 9 patients). An enterovirus was responsible in nine cases, herpes simplex virus in eight and measles virus in six. The clinical manifestations were variable and included apnea in three infants who would otherwise have been considered to have nearly suffered the sudden infant death syndrome. Localizing features were present on the electroencephalograms of nine patients, including six with herpes simplex infection. Serologic study of paired serum samples obtained during the acute phase of the illness and during convalescence was the most useful laboratory method of establishing the diagnosis. As medical therapy for specific causes of acute viral CNS infection advances, greater attention should be placed on establishing the correct diagnosis.     

Impact of pathogen burden on in-stent restenosis in patients after coronary stent implantation

Background Although some certain infectious pathogens could be detected in the patients with coronary artery disease, the roles of these infectious factors in the development of coronary artery diseases remain largely unknown. Since the number of infectious pathogens has been argued to be relative to the coronary artery diseases, we therefore examined whether there is a link between the number of infections and the incidence of in- stent restenosis after stent implantation. Methods One hundred and eighty-one patients were enrolled in this study. Infectious pathogens including serum anti-Chlymydia p neumoniae, cytomegalovirus, Helico pylori, human herpes simplex virus-1, human herpes simplex virus-2 antibodies and hepatitis B virus antigen were measured in all patients before coronary stent implantation. Coronary angiography was performed before, immediately after and 6 months after stent implantation. Results Restenosis rate 6 months post stent implantation was similar in patients with low pathogen burden （ 〈3 pathagens, 33.3% ） to those with high pathogen burden （ ≥3 pathogens, 29. 1% ）. Conclusions Previous infections with Chlymydia pneumoniae, cytomegalovirus, Helico pylori, human herpes simplex virus-l, human herpes simplex virus-2 and hepatitis B virus do not contribute to the incidence of restenosis after stent implantation.