华支睾吸虫病流行区流行病学研究

目的 为了解广州市番禺区华支睾吸虫流行情况，于2000年6月～2002年10月在番禺沙湾镇的紫坭村和石基镇的前锋村开展了华支睾吸虫病流行病学调查。方法 采用改良加藤氏厚涂片法粪便检查人群华支睾吸虫卵；华支睾吸虫感染静脉采血作转氨酶、乙肝表面抗原、核心抗体检测和腹部B超检查；开展中间宿主和保虫宿主调查。结果 华支睾吸虫总感染率13．7％。其中紫坭村感染率18．2％；前锋村感染率8．O％；男性感染率为22．3％，女性感染率为6．6％，以20～50岁年龄组最高。华支睾吸虫感染HBsAg阳性率为20．9％，HBeAb阳性率为40．3％；42．4％感染出现不同的肝胆道病变；在当地鱼塘的鱼苗中找到华支睾吸虫囊蚴；解剖当地犬、猫中，均发现华支睾吸虫成虫。结论 番禺区是华支睾吸虫重点流行区之一，且华支睾吸虫已对当地群众的身体健康造成了严重危害。     

开平市华支睾吸虫病调查与防治研究

目的：为了解开平市华支睾吸虫感染状况，探索大规模调查华支睾吸虫病流行病学的诊断技术和防治措施。方法：采用改良加藤氏厚涂片法粪检和ELISA法血检水口镇东方红村和黎村人群华支睾吸虫卵和抗体。华支睾吸虫感染患者作腹部B超检查及服用阿苯哒唑驱虫糖。开展中间宿主和保虫宿主调查。结果：华支睾吸虫总感染率为34．1％。其中东方红人群感染率34．8％，黎村感染率33．3％。男、女性感染率分别为44．4％和26．8％。以15～60岁年龄组最高。虫卵密度EPG平均值男、女性分别为200．2和164．8，多属轻度感染。酶标检测感染率36．0％，与粪检的34．1％无显著性差异。服用阿苯哒唑驱虫糖后虫卵阴转率为95．5％。在当地鱼塘的鱼苗中找到华支睾吸虫囊蚴，解剖当地犬和猫发现有华支睾吸虫成虫。结论：开平市已是华支睾吸虫流行区之一，酶标检测可做为大规模流行病学调查。阿苯哒唑驱虫糖可有效防治华支睾吸虫感染。     

佛山市南海区人群华支睾吸虫感染现况分析

目的了解南海区华支睾吸虫病感染状况及流行特点，为制定防治策略提供依据。方法用分层随机整群抽样方法抽取样本．用改良加藤氏厚涂片法粪检华支睾吸虫卵。结果共调查1137人，发现感染华支睾吸虫为263人，感染率为23．13％。男性感染率27，05％高于女性感染率19．15％（x^2=9，98，P〈0．05）；未成年组（0～15岁组）感染率3、98％低于成年组（20～岁组）感染率32．63％（X^2=16．82，P〈0．05），沙头镇人群华支睾吸虫感染率高于里水镇（X^2=143．36，P〈0．05）。结论南海区人群华支睾吸虫感染仍属高度流行区。人群华支睾吸虫感染与生产方式、生活习惯、卫生条件等密切相关，应加大宣传力度，提高人们卫生意识，改变生活、饮食习惯，以有效人群控制华支睾吸虫感染。     

深圳市南山区人群华支睾吸虫感染现状调查

目的了解深圳市南山区各类人群华支睾吸虫感染现状。方法采用整群抽样方法调查不同类型人群，使用“肝吸虫抗体检测试剂盒”，采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测血清华支睾吸虫IgG抗体。结果共调查5185人，华支睾吸虫感染率5．77％。其中，机关事业单位工作人员感染率为6．47％，本地企业员工感染率为3．04％，外来务工人员感染率为1．59％，主动检测人员感染率为32．26％。男性感染率高于女性，40岁年龄组感染率最高。结论本地区属于华支睾吸虫感染的低流行区，机关事业单位工作人员是重点防治人群，应加强宣传教育，同时做好食品卫生整治工作，切断华支睾吸虫的感染来源。     

广州花都地区华支睾吸虫病流行现状及防治对策

[目的]了解广州市花都区华支睾吸虫病的人群感染现状及流行特征,研究当地华支睾吸虫病的感染因素,为当地华支睾吸虫病的防治工作提供科学依据.[方法] 2011年8月～10月对花都区各乡镇常住居民进行华支睾吸虫病流行病学调查.采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清中华支睾吸虫特异性抗体;改良加藤厚涂片法检测粪便虫卵;同时通过问卷调查了解与华支睾吸虫感染相关的内容.[结果]共调查1 800人,粪检检获华支睾吸虫卵者705人,平均感染率为39.17％,平均每克粪便虫卵数(EPG)为367.男性感染率为43.06％,女性感染率34.51％,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).各年龄组均有感染,成年人感染率较高,各年龄组华支睾吸虫的感染率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).不同职业人群华支睾吸虫感染存在显著差异,以渔民、饮食服务人员和商人感染率最高.问卷调查结果显示,69.2％的被调查者吃过淡水鱼生,48.5％的家庭生熟食物所使用的刀具、砧板没有分开,80％以上的居民对华支睾吸虫病防治知识知之甚少.[结论]广州市花都区仍然是华支睾吸虫重点流行区之一,居民的不良饮食及生活习惯是华支睾吸虫流行的重要因素,应加强宣传教育,积极开展综合性防控工作.     

水口镇人体华支睾吸虫感染状况调查

目的了解开平市水口镇人体华支睾吸虫感染状况。方法采用改良加藤氏厚涂片法粪检水口镇东方红村和黎村人群华支睾吸虫卵。结果华支睾吸虫总感染率为34．1％，其中东方红感染率34．8％，黎村感染率33．3％，男、女性感染率分别为44．4％和26．8％，以15～60岁年龄组最高。结论水口镇已是华支睾吸虫流行区，要采取综合措施防治华支睾吸虫感染。     

肇庆市人群华支睾吸虫感染调查

目的了解肇庆市人群华支睾吸虫感染现状,为今后的防治工作提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样法进行人群抽样,用改良加藤氏法粪检华支睾吸虫虫卵。结果全市共调查10386人,发现华支睾吸虫感染498人,感染率为4.79%。其中男性感染率为6.01%,女性感染率为3.51%;以50～59岁年龄组人群感染率最高;重点人群感染率远高于一般人群;高要市是全市感染最严重的地区,其感染率为19.53%,其次是鼎湖区,感染率为11.65%。结论肇庆市山区县属华支睾吸虫病低流行区,而淡水鱼养殖区的高要市及鼎湖区属华支睾吸虫高、中流行区,是我市华支睾吸虫防控的重点所在。建议加强政府领导,全社会共同参与,采取以行为干预及对重点地区、重点人群进行查治为主的综合防制措施,以降低人群华支睾吸虫感染率,控制华支睾吸虫病的流行。     

广州市部分职业人群华支睾吸虫感染现状调查

目的了解广州市东山、荔湾、越秀、海珠区公务员、医务人员及银行等职业人群的华支睾吸虫病分布状况及流行特点,为今后制定防治策略提供依据。方法用改良加藤氏厚涂片法粪检华支睾吸虫虫卵。结果4个区共粪检1204人,华支睾吸虫感染150人,感染率为12.46%。远高于全国感染率(0.40%)和1998～2003广州市平均感染率(6.59%)。结论这4个区部分职业人群华支睾吸虫感染率较高,应加强宣教工作,改变人们的不良饮食习惯,提高个人防护意识;采取综合防制措施,阻断华支睾吸虫传播流行。     

佛山市南海区人群华支睾吸虫感染现况分析

目的了解南海区华支睾吸虫病感染状况及流行特点,为制定防治策略提供依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法,以改良加藤氏厚涂片法粪检华支睾吸虫卵。结果共调查1137人,其中感染华支睾吸虫为263人,感染率为23.13%。男性感染率27.05%高于女性感染率19.15%（χ2=9.98,P〈0.05）;未成年组（0-15岁组）感染率3.98%低于成年组（20-岁组）感染率32.63%（χ2=16.82,P〈0.05）,沙头镇人群华支睾吸虫感染率高于里水镇（χ2=143.36,P〈0.05）。结论南海区人群华支睾吸虫感染仍属高度流行区。人群华支睾吸虫感染与生产方式、生活习惯、卫生条件等密切相关,应加大宣传力度,提高卫生意识,改变生活、饮食习惯,从而有效人群控制华支睾吸虫感染。     

台山市华支睾吸虫病基线调查

目的调查台山市华支睾吸虫病流行现况，为大规模开展华支睾吸虫病防治工作和评价防治效果提供科学依据。方法以随机抽样方法抽取台山市台城镇、大江镇作为调查点，采用改良加藤氏厚片法粪便检查人群华支睾吸虫卵。并开展中间宿主和保虫宿主调查；对华支睾吸虫住院慢性病人进行危害性调查。结果华支睾吸虫总感染率为6．8％；男性感染率为7．0％，女性感染率为6．5％，以20～49岁年龄组最高。解剖淡水鱼、猫、狗、老鼠没发现华支睾吸虫囊幼和成虫，但9份猫肝中均发现华支睾吸虫卵。结论华支睾吸虫已对当地居民的健康造成较严重的危害，应采取综合措施减少华支睾吸虫感染。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.