Effects of Minimally Invasive Puncture and Drainage of Intracranial Hematoma on the Blood-brain Barrier in Patients with Cerebral Hemorrhage

The effects of minimally invasive surgery on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) of 30 patients with cerebral hemorrhage were investigated. Difference of the BBB index and serum MBP concentra-tion were assessed in 15 cases of conservative treatment group and 15 cases of minimally invasive surgery group. The BBB index in minimally invasive surgery group was significantly lower than in conservative treatment group (P<0.05), and the BBB index in the two treatment groups was signifi-cantly higher than in control group (P<0.01). Serum MBP concentration in minimally invasive sur-gery group was significantly lower than in conservative treatment group (P<0.05), and that in the two treatment groups was significantly higher than in control group (P<0.01). It was suggested the per-meability of BBB in patients with cerebral hemorrhage was increased, and BBB index and serum MBP concentration in patients with cerebral hemorrhage were increased. Minimally invasive surgery can reduce the lesion of cytotoxicity to BBB and cerebral edema.     

Preliminary study on relationship between tcm syndrome-type and insulin resistance in coronary heart disease

To observe the relationship between TCM Syndrome-type and insulin resistance (ISR) in coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods: Fifty patients were divided into 3 groups according to the Syndrome Differentiation-typing in TCM, the Heart blood stasis (HBS) Syndrome group, the Phlegm-Turbid stagnation (PTS) Syndrome group and both Qi-Yin Deficiency (QYD) Syndrome group. The fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting blood insulin (Ins), insulin antibody (IAA), islet cell antibody (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GAD-Ab) and related blood lipid parameters in patients were determined and insulin sensitive index (ISI) was calculated simultaneously. Then the above-mentioned data were compared with those determined in 20 healthy control subjects. Results: The levels of FBG and Ins in CHD group were higher than those in the healthy control group significantly (P＜0.05), but ISI level was obviously lower (P＜0.01). Moreover, the positive percentage of IAA (40%) was higher in CHD group than that in the control group (5%) significantly (P＜0.01). Comparison between the 3 TCM Syndrome-type groups and the control group showed that ISI level in HBS and PTS group was obviously lower than that in the control and the QYD (P＜0.05) respectively, and the IAA positive percentage in the former 2 groups (50%, 47.37%) was higher than that in the latter two (5%,P＜0.01 and 15.38%, P＜0.05) markedly. While Ins level increased only in the HBS group (P＜0.05). Besides, patients of HBS and PTS Syndrome were accompanied by lipid metabolic disturbance. Conclusion: ISR presents in part of CHD patients particularly in those with HBS and PTS Syndrome, which was partly due to the existence of serum IAA in patients.     

Clinical Observation of Shuanghuang Shengbai Granule(双黄升白颗粒) on Prevention and Treatment of Myelosuppression Caused by Chemotherapy in Cancer Patients

Objective: To study the efficacy and safety of Shuanghuang Shengbai Granule(双黄升白颗粒, SSG), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on myelosuppression of cancer patients caused by chemotherapy. Methods: A total of 330 patients were randomly assigned to the treatment group(220 cases, analysed 209 cases) and the control group(110 cases, analysed 102 cases) with a 2:1 ratio by envelope method. The patients in the treatment group at the first day of chemotherapy started to take SSG for 14 days, while the patients in the control group took Leucogon Tablets. The changes of the blood routine, clinical symptoms and immune function in both groups were observed for safety and efficacy evaluation. Results: At the 7th day of chemotherapy, the white blood cells(WBCs) level in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P0.05). After treatment, the WBCs rate in the normal range accounted for 50.2% in the treatment group, the myelosuppression of WBCs and neutrophil were mainly grade Ⅰ, while 8.1% and 5.7% of patients emerged grade Ⅲ and grade Ⅳ myelosuppression, respectively. The incidence of myelosuppression of the treatment group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P0.05). The total effective rate of Chinese medicine syndrome in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group(84.2% vs. 72.5%, P0.05). The immune cell levels in both groups were maintained in the normal range. Compared with that before treatment, the levels of CD3~+ and CD4~+ cells were significantly increased in the treatment group after treatment(P0.05). The discrepancy of CD3~+ and CD4~+ cell activity before and after treatment in both groups were significantly different(P0.05). No obvious adverse event occurred in both groups. Conclusion: SSG had a protection effect on bone marrow suppression, and alleviated the clinical symptoms together with clinical safety.     

Impact of Semen Liquefaction and Viscosity on the Outcomes of in vitro Fertilization

Objective To compare the outcomes of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) between semen liquefaction and viscosity with normal and abnormal. Methods Semen that liquefied within 60 min and normal viscosity was assigned to the normal group, while semen that unliquefied more than 60 min or high viscosity was assigned to abnormal group. Equal volumes of culture medium were added to abnormal group and normal control group, followed by repeated pipetting, to induce liquefaction. Sperm parameters, fertilization and cleavage rates, good-quality embryo rate, implantation rate and pregnancy rate were analyzed. Results The abnormal group ratio was much higher in the ICSI group (30.5%) than in the IVF group (21.9%) (P<0.05). The age of the husbands and total progressive motility (PR) sperm in abnormal IVF group were higher than those in normal IVF group (P<0.05). Fertilization rate (80.7%) in the abnormal IVF group was higher than that in the normal IVF group (75.6%) and normal control group (P<0.05). There were no differences in outcomes of the ICSI patients between the normal and abnormal groups. There was no difference between normal group and normal control group. Conclusion Equal volume of culture media was added to non-liquefied semen may be used to high viscosity and unliquefied semen, and may have a positive effect on fertilization outcomes.     

TCM Treatment of Male Immune Infertility——A Report of 100 Cases

To observe the therapeutic effect of Yikang Tang （益抗汤 Yikang Decoction） for male immune infertility. Methods： 100 cases of male immune infertility in the treatment group were treated with Yikang Decoction, while 100 cases treated with prednisone as the controls. Physical exam, routine semen and prostate exams, and exams for presence of anti-sperm antibody （AsAb） and mycoplasma in the serum or seminal plasma were carded out. Results： 1） The serum and seminal plasma AsAb levels decreased significantly （P〈0.01） in both the groups after treatment, with a more remarkable effect in the treatment group. 2） The sperm density and percentage of motile spermatozoa increased significantly in the two groups, but more significantly in the treatment group after treatment. The pregnancy rate of their wives was higher in the treatment group than that in the control group （P〈0.01）. 3） The sperm agglutination rate in the two groups decreased, but more significantly in the treatment group after treatment. 4） The improvement rate of the symptoms and the stability of the therapeutic effect were more dramatic in the treatment group than that in the control group （P〈0.01） after termination of drug administration. Conclusion： The Yikang Decoction has a more stable effect for male immune infertility than prednisone.     

Clinical observation of bronchial asthma treated with qingre dingchuan decoction

Seventy patients of bronchial asthma (40 were adult and 30 child) were treated by Qingre Dingchuan decoction (QRDCD), the erythrocytic superoxide dismutase (SOD) and blood lipid peroxide (LPO) levels were observed before and after treatment. Results showed that the patients ’SOD was decreased while their LPO increased significantly than that of normal control. After treatment the LPO reduced significantly while the SOD elevated, the total effective rate of adult group was 77.5% and that of child group was 96.7%.     

Activities of aldose reductase, ATPases, and nucleotide concentrations of erythrocytes in patients with type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus.

Aldose reductase (EC 1.1.1.21) is implicated in the pathophysiology of diabetic complications. In this paper we determined the activities of aldose reductase and ATPases of the erythrocytes in 17 patients with Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). In the aldose reductase assay we used fluorometric method to avoid the disturbance of hemoglobin. With dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), we verified it was aldose reductase but not aldehyde reductase II that was activated in the erythrocytes of the patients with NIDDM. The aldose reductase activity of the erythrocytes in the patients was significantly higher (P less than 0.01) than that in the controls. The activity of Na+/K(+)-ATPase of the patients was significantly lower (P less than 0.01) than that of the controls. The activities of Ca(2+)-ATPase and Mg(2+)-ATPase on the erythrocyte membranes of the patients were similar to those of the controls. At the same time we measured the seven nucleotide concentrations in the erythrocytes of the patients. In this experiment we used ultrafiltration method, instead of acid precipitation to make it possible to determine dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and NADH. The concentrations of ATP, ADP and AMP were similar to those of the controls. The concentrations of NADPH, NAD+ and NADH in the erythrocytes of the patients were significantly lower (P less than 0.01, 0.05 and 0.05 respectively) than those of controls. The concentration of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+) in the patients was significantly higher (P less than 0.01) than that of controls.

     

Effect of kidney-reinforcing,blood-activating and stasis-removing recipes on adhesion molecule expression of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from chronic aplastic anemia patients

OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of kidney-reinforcing,blood-activating and stasis-removing recipes on adhesion molecule expression of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) from patients with chronic aplastic anemia(CAA).METHODS:We used threeTraditional Chinese Medicine recipes,namely a kidney-reinforcing recipe(KRR),blood-activating and stasis-removing recipe(BASRR),and kidney-reinforcing,blood-activating and stasis-removing recipe(KRBASRR),and a normal saline control to prepare herbal medicine serum in Sprague Dawley rats.Thirty CAA patients were enrolled in the experimental group,including 17 kidney-Yang deficient patients and 13 kidney-Yin deficient patients.Ten healthy individuals were included in the control group.MSCs were isolated from bone marrow samples,and the cell density was observed to measure their proliferation ability by microscopy on days 2,7,and 14 after isolation.In addition,the expression of adhesion molecules of bone marrow MSCs(CD106,CD49d,CD31 and CD44) were detected by flow cytometry after 48 h of treatment with the four different herbal medicine serums.RESULTS:The proliferation of MSCs from kidney-Yang deficient and kidney-Yin deficient patients was weaker than that of MSCs from the control group.The expression of all adhesion molecules of bone marrow MSCs from CAA patients was obviously lower than that in the control group(P< 0.01).The expression of CD49d and CD31 in MSCs from patients with a kidney-Yin deficiency was lower than in those with a kidney-yang deficiency(P< 0.05 and P<0.01,respectively).For kidney-Yang deficient patients,CD31 expression in the KRBASRR group was significantly higher than that in the BASRR group(P<0.01),while CD44 in the KRBASRR group was significantly higher than that in both KRR and BASRR groups(P<0.01).For kidney-Yin deficient patients,CD106 and CD49d expression in the KRBASRR group was obviously higher than that in the KRR group(P<0.05),while CD31 and CD44 expression in the KRBASRR group was significantly higher than that in both KRR and BASRR groups(P< 0.05 and P<0.01,respectively).CONCLUSION:The bone marrow microenvironment in CAA patients is abnormal.The effect of KRBASRR may be better than that of KRR and BASRR for kidney-Yang deficient and kidney-Yin deficient patients by improving the expression levels of MSC adhesion molecules.     

Dynamic changes in blood cytokine levels as clinical indicators in severe acute respiratory syndrome

Objective To investigate the dynamic changes observed in serum levels of interleukins (ILs), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) patients.Methods Sixty-one cases of SARS with positive antibodies to SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) were classified into the following categories: initial stage (3-7 days), peak stage (8-14 days), and remission and recovery stage (15-27 days). Forty-four healthy individuals were used as controls. Serum levels of ILs, TNF-α and TGF-β1 were measured in all subjects. Serum antibodies to SARS-CoV were detected only in SARS cases. Results The mean concentration of serum IL-6 in SARS patients did not differ from that in the control group in initial and peak stages, but became significantly higher in remission and recovery stage compared with the control group, initial and peak stages (P&lt;0.01). The mean concentration of serum IL-8 in SARS patients did not differ from that of the control group in initial stage, but was significantly higher than control group in peak stage and remission and recovery stage （P&lt;0.05）. And it was more significantly higher in remission and recovery stage than in peak stage （P&lt;0.01）. The mean concentrations of IL-16 and TNF-α in SARS patients were higher than those of the control group for every length of the clinical courses investigated, and were especially high in remission and recovery stage （P&lt;0.01）. SARS patients experienced higher concentration of serum IL-13 compared with the controls in initial stage （P&lt;0.01）, but returned to normal levels in peak stage and in remission and recovery stage. The mean concentration of serum IL-18 in SARS patients was significantly lower than that of the control group during all clinical courses （P&lt;0.05）. The mean concentration of serum TGF-β1 in SARS patients was higher than that of the control group during all clinical courses. Although TGF-β1 in serum decreased in remission and recovery stage in SARS patients, the average was still higher than that of the control group （P&lt;0.01）.Conclusions Most proinflammatory cytokines and TGF-β1 were elevated during the early phase of SARS, which may be associated with lung infiltration and proliferation. Concurrently, the mean concentration of serum IL-13 decreased gradually, and the mean concentration of serum IL-18 level in SARS patients was lower than that of the control group during all the courses of SARS, suggesting that the immune state of the patients with SARS was obviously abnormal. Observing the dynamic changes in blood cytokine levels can provide a scientific basis to assess pathogenesis and efficacy of clinical treatment of SARS.     

Clinical Observation on Treatment of Acute Myelocytic Leukemia by Supplementing Qi, Nourishing Yin and Clearing Heat Principle

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of TCM with supplementing Qi, nourishing Yin and clearing heat principle (SQNYCH) combined with chemotherapy in treating myelocytic leukemia. Methods: One hundred and fourteen patients were randomly divided into the treated group (n= 68) and the control group (n= 46). To the treated group, SQNYCH was applied as the basic treatment, with combined chemotherapeutic protocol, using DA, HA and IA, to induce remission, and to the M3 patients, all-trans retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide were given. As for patients in the control group, only western medicine was administered. Results: In the treated group 49 patients (72.1%) were completely remitted, 9 (13.2%) partially remitted and the total remission rate being85. 3% , which was significantly different from that in the control group. After treatment, the blood and bone marrow picture were obviously improved in both groups, but the increase of hemoglobin and platelet were better in the treated group than those in the     

慢性前列腺炎不育男性抗精子抗体与精液有关参数的关系

目的探讨慢性前列腺炎不育男性血清、精浆中抗精子抗体（AsAb）水平与精液有关参数的关系.方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测慢性前列腺炎不育男性,非慢性前列腺炎不育男性及正常生育男性的血清、精浆中的AsAb水平,对AsAb阳性前列腺炎不育男性的精液有关参数与AsAb的关系进行分析.结果慢性前列腺炎不育组的AsAb阳性率明显高于非慢性前列腺炎不育组及正常生育组（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）.血清、精浆AsAb水平增高者的精子密度、精子活率和精子运动速度均明显降低.结论AsAb与慢性前列腺炎有关,AsAb水平增加可影响精子质量.     

男性不育患者精子质量和血清抗精子抗体分析

目的分析男性不育患者精子质量（密度、活率及活力）及其血清抗精子抗体的影响。方法采用ELISA法检测患者血清中抗精子抗体,用伟力彩色精子质量检测系统动态观察精子的密度、活率及活力。结果男性不育患者精子密度、活率、a级精子及a＋b级精子均明显低于正常生育组（57.66±11.88）×10^6/ml,（71.24±10.45）%,（39.47±8.24）%,（66.22±10.38）%v（s12.28±9.09）×10^6/ml,（34.46±10.02）%,（7.46±6.48）%,（21.03±11.21）%,P〈0.01。不育男性AsAb阳性组上述各指标也低于AsAb阴性组（P〈0.01）。结论男性不育患者精子密度、活率及活力均下降,同时血清抗精子抗体（AsAb）也可影响这些指标。     

不孕及反复流产患者血清抗精子抗体与抗心磷脂抗体测定

目的:探讨免疫因素抗精子抗体(AsAb)、抗心磷脂抗体(ACA)与不孕及反复流产患者发病的关系。方法:应用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法检测150例原发或继发不孕患者(不孕组)、198例反复流产或有胚胎停育史患者(流产组)及40例正常对照组血清中的AsAb及ACA抗体。结果:不孕组AsAb的阳性率为31.33%,ACA的总阳性率为48.00%,均显著高于对照组(P<0.01);流产组AsAb阳性率为25.25%,ACA总阳性率为50.51%,亦明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:不孕及反复流产妇女与体内AsAb和ACA的存在有关,应用其对有不良孕产史及不孕的患者进行检测可为诊断及治疗提供实验室依据。     

血清抗精子抗体与精液主要参数的关系分析

目的:探讨抗精子抗体(AsAb)与精液主要参数的关系。方法:采用ELISA检测血清抗精子抗体,按WHO标准分析精液各参数。结果:507例男性不育患者共检出AsAb阳性127例,阳性率25.05%,经与精液主要参数相关分析,AsAb阳性组精子活力(a+b)、活率及密度较阴性组低,且两组比较有显著性差异(P值均<0.05)。精液液化时间、畸形率较阴性组高,且两组比较有显著性差异(P值均<0.05)。结论:AsAb能够影响精液的主要参数,导致男性生育力低下或不育。     

精索静脉曲张不育患者抗精子抗体检测的意义

目的:探讨精索静脉曲张不育患者血清、精浆以及精子表面抗精子抗体(Antisperm Antibody,AsAb)的表达及其意义。方法:收集精索静脉曲张(Varcocele,VC)不育患者60例和非精索静脉曲张正常生育者220例,采用间接酶联免疫法(ELISA法)测定血清和精浆中AsAb,混合抗球蛋白反应试验(Mixed Agglutination Reaction Test,MARTest)检测精子表面AsAb;用计算机辅助精子分析仪测定VC组精子密度、活动精子和畸形精子百分率,并计算生育力指数。结果:①VC组血清AsAb阳性率(10%)较对照组(8.18%)相比有所增加,但差异无显著性(P>0.05);精浆AsAb阳性率16.7%、精子表面AsAb阳性率15%,较对照组(分别为7.27%和6.81%)相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。②VC不育组AsAb阳性者较AsAb阴性者相比,精液量、活动精子百分率有所下降,而畸形精子百分率增加,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);精子密度和生育力指数也随之降低,差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:精索静脉曲张可导致AsAb阳性率增加,使生育力下降;精浆和精子表面AsAb的测定较血清AsAb更有临床价值     

免疫因素与男性不育的相关性

目的: 观察不育男性血清抗精子抗体(AsAb),抗心磷脂抗体(ACA),抗弓形虫抗体与精液各指标之间的关系,揭示免疫因素与不育症的相关性及致病机制. 方法: 用ELISA(nzyme-linked immunosorbent assay)法测定286例男性不育患者及198例正常生育者血清的AsAb, ACA,抗弓形虫抗体并常规检测精液的各项指标. 结果:　不育者血清中的AsAb, ACA, 抗弓形虫抗体阳性率(29.4％, 18.2％, 17.1％)明显高于正常生育组(9.0％, 7.0％, 9.0％),P＜0.01;不育患者血清AsAb水平变化能导致精子的活动力明显下降,呈显著性正相关, P＜0.01. 结论: AsAb与男性不育有密切关系,可引起精子活率、活力明显下降,但对精子密度及液化无明显影响.     

47例习惯性流产妇女抗心磷脂、抗精子及抗子宫内膜抗体的分析

目的 :探讨抗心磷脂抗体 (ACA )、抗精子抗体 (As Ab)及抗子宫内膜抗体 (EMAb)在习惯性流产中的作用。方法 :采用 EL ISA法对 4 7例习惯性流产少数民族妇女和 4 0例正常生育妇女血清中 ACA、As Ab及 EMAb进行检测。 结果:ACA阳性 2 0例 (42 .6 % ) ,As Ab阳性 2 4例 (5 1.1% ) ,EMAb阳性 17例 (36 .2 % ) ,ACA、As Ab、EMAb阳性率明显高于对照组 (P均 <0 .0 1)。结论:检测血清中 ACA、As Ab和 EMAb对诊断习惯性流产有重要作用     

弓形体、解脲支原体感染与男性不育的关系

目的　探讨男性不育患者弓形体、解脲支原体感染情况和抗精子抗体在男性不育中的作用。方法　应用多聚酶链反应 (PCR)技术分别对 112例男性不育病人和 6 2例正常生育的精液进行精浆弓形体DNA、解脲支原体DNA的检测 ,用金标免疫斑点试验检测精浆抗精子抗体 (AsAb)。结果　男性不育组弓形体阳性 2 0例 ( 17.86 % ) ,解脲支原体阳性 35例 ( 31.2 5 % ) ,抗精子抗体阳性 33例 ( 2 9.4 6 % )。 2种病原体感染率与抗精子抗体的阳性率均明显高于正常对照组 ( P <0 .0 1)且 2种病原体感染患者抗精子抗体的阳性率明显高于单项感染者。结论　男性不育与病原体感染和抗精子抗体的产生有关     

不育男性精浆抗流行性腮腺炎病毒抗体测定结果分析

目的观察流行性腮腺炎病毒抗体在男性生殖道分泌液中的分布状况,探讨其对男性生殖功能的影响。方法采用微孔板酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)对30例生育男性和110例不育症患者精浆中抗流行性腮腺炎病毒抗体免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)进行了检测。结果不育症患者精浆中腮腺炎病毒IgG阳性者61例(55.5%),抗体平均水平为367 U/ml;IgM阳性者9例(8.2%),抗体平均水平为56U/ml;IgG和IgM同时阳性者4例(3.6%);生育组仅6例(20.0%)IgG呈现阳性,抗体平均水平为148 U/ml,明显低于不育症者。不育症组IgG阳性率以无精子症组最高,IgM阳性率以少精子症组最高。精浆中IgG在精子活动力正常组和不良组、精浆AsAb阳性组和AsAb阴性组之间存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。IgM在WBC精液组和非WBC精液组、精浆AsAb阳性组和AsAb阴性组之间存在显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01)。IgG和IgM同时阳性在WBC精液组和非WBC精液组之间存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论精浆中腮腺炎病毒IgG阳性率与精子密度呈正相关。男性感染腮腺炎病毒所致的睾丸炎,可以引起精子数量严重减少或无精子症,并且可以影响精子的活动力,对以后生育功能可能带来不良的影响。