慢性肺源性心脏病合并低渗性脑病32例临床分析

目的 探讨肺心病合并低渗性脑病的临床特点.方法 回顾性分析32例低渗性脑病患者的临床表现及辅助检查与治疗情况.结果 低渗性脑病患者的临床表现,以嗜睡、反应迟钝最常见.结论 血钠＜125 mmol/L,血浆渗透压＜260 mOsm/L,应考虑低渗性脑病,治疗以补充高渗性盐水为主.     

慢性肺心病合并低渗性脑病32例

目的：探讨肺心病合并低渗性脑病的临床特点。方法：回顾性分析32例低渗性脑病患者的临床表现，辅助检查与治疗情况。结果：低渗性脑病患者的临床表现以嗜睡、反应迟钝最常见。结论：血钠〈125mmol／L，血浆渗透压〈260mosM／L，应考虑低渗性脑病，治疗以补充高渗性盐水为主。     

慢性肺源性心脏病并发低渗性脑病临床分析

目的探讨慢性肺源性心脏病并发低渗性脑病的病因及防治方法。方法对37例出现神经精神症状的慢性肺源性心脏病患者,测定其血浆渗透压和血气分析,并根据测定结果进行有针对性的治疗。结果37例慢性肺源性心脏病患者血气分析排除了呼吸衰竭所致的肺性脑病,其血浆渗透压为206-259mmol／L,均明显降低,经补充电解质和综合治疗,35例（94．6％）恢复正常或接近正常,2例（5．4％）因并发多器官功能衰竭死亡。结论慢性肺源性心脏病患者出现神经精神症状时,不应只考虑肺性脑病、脑血管意外等疾病,应常规测电解质、血浆渗透压,了解是否合并低渗性脑病,以免误诊。一旦发现低渗性脑病,应立即补充电解质,综合治疗,以尽可能获得满意疗效。     

慢性肾功能衰竭合并低渗性脑病11例临床分析

目的探讨慢性肾功能衰竭并发低渗性脑病的病因及防治方法。方法对11例出现神经精神症状的慢性肾功能衰竭患者,测定其血浆渗透压和血气分析,并根据测定结果进行有针对性的治疗。结果 11例慢性肾功能衰竭患者血气分析其血浆渗透压为206～259mmol/L,均明显降低,经补充电解质和综合治疗,10例（90.91%）恢复正常或接近正常,1例（9.09%）因并发多器官功能衰竭死亡。结论慢性肾功能衰竭患者出现神经精神症状时,不应只考虑继发中枢神经系统的损害、脑血管意外等疾病,应常规测电解质、血浆渗透压,了解是否合并低渗性脑病,以免误诊。一旦发现低渗性脑病,应立即补充电解质,综合治疗,以尽可能获得满意疗效。     

肺心病并发低渗性脑病的护理

低渗性脑病是肺心病治疗过程中常见的并发症之一 ,病情多凶险 ,病死率较高。现将 7例慢性肺心病合并低渗性脑病的观察与护理体会总结如下。1　临床资料本组 7例均按 1980年第三次肺心病专业会议修订的标准确诊为肺心病 ,并伴有意识障碍及精神症状 ,血浆渗透压低于 2 70 mmol/ L,其中 3例合并肺性脑病 ,男 4例 ,女 3例 ,年龄 6 1～ 82岁 ,平均 73岁 ,病人均有纳差、恶心、呕吐 ,同时有嗜睡 ,肌张力减退 5例 ,抽搐、膝反射消失 3例 ,神志恍惚、烦燥 2例 ,昏迷 2例。血电解质 :Na+ 98～ 12 0 mmol/ L、K+ 2 .2～3.5 mmol/ L、Cl170～ 95 mmo…     

AECOPD合并低渗性脑病39例临床分析

目的 探讨慢性阻塞性肺病急性加重期 (AECOPD)合并低渗性脑病的临床特点.方法 对39例AECOPD合并低渗性脑病患者进行回顾性分析.结果 发现AECOPD合并低渗性脑病主要表现为神经系统症状,与肺性脑病很相似,处理不当易死亡.结论 AECOPD治疗中注意水、电解质平衡及早期不同程度的神经系统症状是预防、诊断、治疗低渗性脑病的关键.     

肺心病合并低渗性脑病20例临床分析

目的：探讨肺心病合并低渗性脑病的病因、临床分析、治疗。方法：对20例肺心病合并低渗性脑病进行回顾性分析。结果：本组20例低渗性脑病均在2～5天内血钠补至138mmol／L左右，低渗状态恢复，治愈18例，2例因严重心功能不全合并休克死亡。结论：肺心病合并低渗性脑病常见病因是低钠血症，临床表现与肺性脑病有相似之处，易造成误诊。鉴别可根据血气分析和血钠浓度。治疗首先纠正晶体渗透压的降低，针对低钠血症用0．9％～3％高渗盐水补充。肺心病合并低渗性病须早期诊断、早期治疗。     

老年肺心病合并低渗性脑病24例分析

对２４例老年肺心病合并低渗性脑病进行分析。２４例患者除有慢性肺心病的临床表现外，均有不同程度的低钠血症和低渗透压及精神症状，２９％患者有精神萎靡不振，２５％有嗜睡、烦躁、昏睡者各占１６％，１２．５％有浅昏迷。提示凡老年肺心病患者出现精神症状，宜及时检测血电解质及血浆渗透压，以便早期发现及时治疗     

肺心病并发低渗性脑病36例临床分析

1989年5月至1990年5月我们收治肺心病并发低渗性脑病36例。本文结合临床分析报道于后。临床资料一、一般资料:36例均为急诊科观察室及监护病房病人,其中男11例,女25例;年龄37～83岁,平均69.3岁,单纯性低渗性脑病22例(61.1％),合并肺脑14例(38.9％)。血浆渗透压260～240mosm/L15例(41.7％),240～220mosm/L 17例(47.2％),低于220mosm/L 4例(11.1％)。36例血钠全都低于130mmol/L,血钾低于3.5 mmol/L21例(58.3％),血氯低于90mmol/L 27例(75％)。28例作了血气分析检测,只有低氧血症(PaO_2<8 kPa)者17例(60.7％),既有低氧血症,又有高碳酸血症(PaCO_2>7 kPa)者11例(39.3％)。20例作了血液流变学检测,均有高粘血症存在。二、诊断标准:     

尿毒症肺49例临床表现及胸部X线分析

目的:进一步了解尿毒症肺的临床表现及胸部X线特点。方法:对北京大学人民医院1998～2001年住院的49例尿毒症肺患者进行临床表现和胸部X线特点分析。结果:住院慢性肾功能不全尿毒症期病人141例,其中尿毒症肺的病人49例(34.75％)。无症状者11例(22.45％),咳嗽、咳痰者20例(40.81％)。呼吸困难27例(55.10％);胸部X线表现为肺淤血期20例(40.81％),肺泡性肺水肿期20例(40.81％);血清尿素氮(25.05±9.57)mmol/L,血清肌酐(730.49±251.87)μmol/L。全部病例进行了血液透析治疗,死亡5例(10.2％),结论:临床症状以咳嗽、咳痰、呼吸困难为主,胸部X线表现以肺淤血,肺泡性肺水肿多见。其形成原因与血尿素氮、肌酐、血压及左心衰竭等因素有关。最有效的治疗方法是血液透析。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…