外源性毛细血管扩张性共济失调突变基因对辐射诱导的细胞周期的影响

目的 研究外源性毛细血管扩张性共济失调突变(ATM)基因对辐射诱导的细胞周期变化的影响.方法 采用流式细胞技术,以源于正常人皮肤的纤维细胞系GM0639(GM细胞)和毛细血管扩张性共济失调症(AT)患者皮肤的纤维细胞系AT5BIVA(AT细胞)为对照,检测比较AT细胞、GM细胞、AT-ATM 细胞经60Co γ射线照射0、1、3、5、7、9 Gy后细胞周期的差异.结果 经0、1、3、5、7、9 Gy剂量照射后,AT细胞、GM细胞、AT-ATM 细胞均随受照剂量增加而使G1期和S期细胞比例明显降低(P＜0.05),G2/M期细胞比例均随受照剂量增加而升高(P＜0.05),AT-ATM 细胞G2/M期所占比例增幅程度介于AT细胞和GM细胞之间(P＜0.05).结论 ATM基因在细胞遭受电离辐射后参与G2/M期阻滞修复DNA过程,AT细胞因ATM突变而导致细胞周期调控能力不足,是AT细胞高辐射敏感性的原因之一.     

辐射诱发小鼠外周血淋巴细胞和骨髓细胞染色体畸变近期和晚期剂量效应关系

小鼠经0、0.05、0.25、0.5、0.75和1.0Gy的X射线照射后7小时和60天,用快速制备小鼠外周血细胞染色体的方法观察了淋巴细胞染色体畸变与剂量的关系,并与骨髓细胞进行了比较。结果:早期两类细胞染色体畸变的剂量效应关系为直线相关,曲线斜率差异不显著,淋巴细胞畸变率略高;晚期,两类细胞染色体畸变率比早期的结果明显降低,除易位畸变与剂量为直线相关外,其它类型畸变与剂量无规律。比较两类细胞畸变率为骨髓细胞高。     

小剂量照射淋巴细胞染色体畸变及微核的剂量效应关系

本文初步观察了小剂量(0～0.96Gy)X线离体照射人血诱发淋巴细胞染色体畸变及微核的剂量效应关系。结果表明染色体畸变率、畸变细胞率、微核率、微核细胞率与剂量间均存在良好的直线关系。同时也探讨了在小剂量照射条件下染色体畸变类型特点,以及染色体畸变与微核之间的关系。     

时间因素对电离辐射后AT细胞hTERT mRNA表达的影响

目的研究时间因素对电离辐射后共济失调性毛细血管扩张（ataxia telangiectasia，AT）综合征患者皮肤的成纤维细胞系AT细胞（AT5BIVA）hTERT mRNA表达的影响。方法以源于正常人皮肤的成纤维细胞系GM细胞（GM0639）为对照，细胞经5Gy（剂量率1．0Gy／min）^60 Coγ射线照射后继续培养2、24、48、72h。应用RT-PCR法，观察AT细胞、ATM^＋-AT细胞和GM细胞的hTERT mRNA表达的变化。结果照射后细胞hTERT mRNA的表达随培养时间的增加而增加；AT细胞hTERTmRNA的相对表达量高于ATM^＋-AT细胞和GM细胞（P〈0．05），后两者无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。结论电离辐射能诱导细胞hTERT mRNA的持续表达；ATM能下调AT细胞hTERT mRNA的表达。     

中子辐射诱发人外周血染色体畸变、微核HPRT基因突变的比较研究

目的研究中子辐射诱发离体人外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变率、微核率和HPRT基因突变率作为中子辐射的生物剂量计的可能性。方法采用14MeV中子等剂量率照射离体人外周血,吸收剂量范围0~1Gy,秋水仙素阻断法检测染色体畸变率,CB细胞法和常规培养法检测微核率,多核细胞法检测HPRT基因突变率,建立相应的剂量效应曲线,比较各指标间的相关性。结果在该剂量范围内,各指标与剂量关系符合现行平方模型,染色体畸变、微核呈过离散分布,三者有线性相关性。染色体畸变率灵敏度最高,其次是CB细胞法微核率,再次是常规培养法微核率,HPRT基因突变率最低。结论中子辐射事故可采用准确灵敏的染色体畸变率和CB细胞法微核率作为生物剂量计进行辐射种类判定和生物剂量估算。     

小剂量X射线诱发小鼠体细胞和生殖细胞染色体易位的剂量效应关系(摘要)

<正> 用0～1.0GyX射线(剂量率:0.05Gy/min)全身一次性照射小白鼠后60天,观察小鼠精原细胞易位率,骨髓细胞和外周血淋巴细胞易位率。三类细胞易位率的剂量效应关系均为直线相关。淋巴细胞与骨髓细胞的效应曲线相近,曲线斜率(P>0.05)及总易位率(P>0.05)均无明显差异。精原细胞易位率曲线为骨髓细胞和淋巴细胞比斜率均有显著差异(P<0.05;P<0.01)。三类细胞总易位率比较,精原细胞易位率约是淋巴细胞的2.6倍,是骨髓细胞的2.2倍。本结果与大剂量照射的规律相反,其原因主要是小剂量照射时精原细胞死亡减少,染色体畸变丢失少,使生殖细胞易位率相对增加。     

电离辐射致线粒体DNA 4977bp缺失与肿瘤细胞放射敏感性关系的初步研究

目的探讨肿瘤细胞经X线照射后线粒体DNA 4 977bp缺失率与存活分数的潜在关系。方法选用人宫颈癌细胞系(Hela细胞)、人肝癌细胞系(HepG2细胞)、人食管癌细胞系(EC-9706细胞)和人前列腺癌细胞系(PC-3细胞)4种肿瘤细胞系,经0Gy到8Gy X线照射后,采用克隆形成法测得存活分数,巢式PCR法检测线粒体DNA 4 977bp缺失率。结果肿瘤细胞放射敏感性由高到低依次是Hela细胞、HepG2细胞、EC-9706细胞和PC-3细胞。Hela细胞经1Gy X线照射后,HepG2细胞、EC-9706细胞和PC-3细胞经2Gy X线照射后均检测到线粒体DNA 4 977bp缺失。1Gy X线照射后,4种细胞线粒体DNA 4977bp缺失率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2Gy X线照射后,Hela细胞线粒体DNA 4 977bp缺失率高于其余3种细胞(P<0.01);4Gy和8Gy X线照射后,Hela细胞线粒体DNA 4 977bp缺失率高于其余3种细胞(P<0.05),HepG2细胞和EC-9706细胞线粒体DNA 4 977bp缺失率高于PC-3细胞(P<0.01)。Hela细胞、HepG2细胞和EC-9706细胞的存活分数和缺失率之间呈负相关(r=―0.951,P<0.05;r=―0.976,P<0.01;r=―0.986,P<0.01)。结论线粒体DNA 4 977bp缺失可能是一个反映肿瘤细胞放射敏感性的生物标记。     

重组人腺病毒p53提高肺腺癌放射敏感性的实验观察

目的:评价重组人腺病毒p53(rAd-p53)注射液对肺腺癌A2细胞系放射敏感性的影响。方法:实验分空白对照组(C组)、照射组(R组)、加药组(D组)、照射加药组(R D组),利用单击多靶数学模型拟合辐射剂量效应曲线,应用细胞克隆形成实验观察各组细胞存活情况,应用流式细胞仪技术分析各组细胞周期分布和细胞凋亡率。结果:R组与R D组平均致死剂量(D0)分别为1.26Gy、0.45Gy,准阈剂量(Dq)分别为3.37Gy、1.05Gy;两组放射增敏比SERD(0D0之比)为2.8,SERD(qDq之比)为3.21;流式细胞仪结果提示R D组G2/M期细胞比例及细胞凋亡率增加最明显(P<0.05),二者之间存在正相关关系(rs=0.989,P<0.05)。结论:rAd-p53对体外培养的肺腺癌A2细胞具有放射增敏作用。     

三种调味品对小鼠骨髓细胞增殖和染色体稳定性的影响

目的探讨八角、桂皮、花椒对小鼠骨髓细胞增殖和染色体稳定性的影响。方法采用不同浓度(500,1000,2000,4000 mg/kg)的调味品提取液,一次性灌胃。取小鼠骨髓细胞制备染色体标本,检测骨髓细胞增殖指数、染色体结构畸变率等指标。结果八角、桂皮各剂量组的细胞增殖指数略有增高,但与阴性对照组比较,均无显著性差异;花椒高剂量(4000mg/kg)组的细胞增殖指数明显降低(P<0.01);花椒各剂量组和八角、桂皮的两个较低剂量组(50、1000mg/kg)的染色体畸变率和细胞畸变率与对照组比较,差异无显著性(P>0.05),而高剂量(2000、4000mg/kg)的八角、桂皮的染色体畸变率和细胞畸变率与对照组比较有显著性差异(P<0. 05,P<0.01)。结论花椒和低剂量的八角、桂皮对小鼠骨髓细胞染色体没有损伤作用,高剂量花椒对小鼠骨髓细胞的增殖有一定抑制作用,高剂量八角、桂皮对小鼠骨髓细胞染色体的稳定性有不同程度的影响。     

X线诱发染色体畸变和微核的剂量-效应关系

目的 用X线照射离体人血检测染色体畸变和微核率,建立淋巴细胞染色体畸变和微核的剂量-效应曲线,用于受照者的受照剂量估算.方法 用BG-6B医用直线加速器在0～5.0Gy的剂量范围内分别选0、0.1、0.5、1.0、2.0、3.0、4.0及5.0Gy共8个剂量点照射离体的健康人血,经细胞培养收获染色体并检测其畸变,用CB微核法检测淋巴细胞微核,建立淋巴细胞染色体畸变和微核的剂量-效应曲线,并用F检验和曲线拟合指数R2进行验证.结果 人染色体畸变和微核的自发率(本底值)很低,照射后各剂量点的染色体畸变和微核在0～5.0Gy范围内,随着吸收剂量增加而增加,呈正相关.染色体畸变和微核的剂量-效应曲线的回归方程分别为(y)=1.0046×10-2+5.8570×10-3D+8.8984×10-2D2和(y)=4.3260×10-3+2.3248×10-2D+1.4278×10-2D2,经F检验,染色体"dic+r"细胞和微核细胞与剂量(Gy)的回归关系(P<0.01)有高度的统计意义,而曲线的拟合指数R2分别为0.999和0.998.结论 本实验建立的染色体畸变和微核剂量-效应曲线的回归方程式,经F检验和拟合度指数的验证,证明dic+r细胞和微核细胞与剂量的回归关系有高度的统计意义且曲线拟合度好,可作为本地区X线事故剂量估算的数学回归方程式,为慢放病、辐射损伤事故的医疗救治方案的确定和进行预后评估提供依据.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.