杜仲药材有效成分与环境因子的灰色关联度分析

目的: 运用灰色关联度法分析影响杜仲皮和叶中4种有效成分含量产地差异性的主要环境因子. 方法: 利用HPLC同时测定10个产地10年生杜仲皮和叶中桃叶珊瑚苷、京尼平苷酸、绿原酸、松脂醇二葡萄糖苷的含量,流动相分别为乙腈(A)-0.1%磷酸水(B)梯度洗脱(0~25 min,5%~13%A;25~45 min,13%~15%A;45~80 min,15%~21%A),流动相乙腈(A)-0.1%磷酸水(B)梯度洗脱(0~20 min,5%~12%A;20~35 min,12%~13%A;35~45 min,13%~19%A;45~65 min,19%~25%A),检测波长均为210 nm.检测杜仲生长地土壤的全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、有机质及pH,获得土壤因子数据,运用灰色关联度法对4种有效成分与气候及土壤因子的相关性进行分析. 结果: 10个产地同一生长年限杜仲皮、叶中4种有效成分的含量存在较大差异.碱解氮、速效钾、有机质、年平均相对湿度、年平均最高气温对4种成分在杜仲不同组织中的影响较大. 结论: 杜仲不同组织部位中4种有效成分含量与环境因子的灰色关联度分析明确了主导环境因子,为合理施肥及环境调控来提高杜仲次生代谢产物的含量提供参考,为杜仲的适宜种植区选择及其道地性产生原因分析提供实验依据.     

菖蒲挥发油及其主要成分动态变化的研究

对东北产菖蒲的根、根茎及叶三部分挥发油及挥发油的主要成分的含量随季节、产地的变化情况进行了考察。结果表明:6月份为菖蒲的最佳采收季节;不同产地相同药用部位挥发油的主要成分化学结构类型相同。     

中药肿节风不同部位中异嗪皮啶和总黄酮含量的动态分析

目的 探讨肿节风不同部位中异嗪皮啶和总黄酮含量的动态变化.方法 异嗪皮啶采用高效液相色谱法测定,总黄酮采用紫外分光光度法测定.结果 不同季节肿节风中总黄酮和异嗪皮啶含量有一定差异,10～12月份药材中含量相对较高,叶中总黄酮含量最高,茎、根、根须中含量接近;异嗪皮啶以根中含量较高,叶中含量较低.结论 采收肿节风药材在10～12月份为宜,分析肿节风药材时,样品中应包含一定比例的叶、茎、根须和根;增加对总黄酮的含量控制有重要的意义.     

贵州地产厚朴的质量研究

厚朴为木兰科植物厚朴Magnolia officinalis Rehd et wits.的干燥干皮、根皮及枝皮[1].据报道厚朴主要含挥发油及生物碱等物质,其所含成分会随生长地域、采收季节、生长年限的不同而存在一定差异.本项研究的目是分析厚朴药材产地之间的差异,通过薄层色谱及高效液相色谱等方法,建立起贵州地产厚朴药材的特征图谱,为更多地反映黔产厚朴的特性及内在质量提供依据,并在此基础上提出该地产药材质量标准的修订提高方案.     

环境生态因子对药用植物皂苷成分的影响

分析药用植物生长过程中主要的环境因子对药用植物皂苷成分的影响.分别从药材产地、药材采收期、光照和温度、栽培措施几个方面举例分析各个环境因子对药用植物皂苷成分的影响,分析其中的机制,寻找相关因子对药用植物皂苷成分影响的理论依据.药用植物产地、采收季节、生长年限、生长过程中的光照和温度及其栽培中的水肥管理等因素对药用植物皂苷成分都产生了很大的影响,这些现象具有一定的理论依据.优质药材的生产需考虑其栽培适宜区,确定合理的采收时间,同时在栽培过程中科学的栽培措施是提高药材产量和有效成分含量的有效手段.对药用植物采取适当的短期胁迫是优化栽培条件,提高药材质量的好方法.     

银杏叶中萜内酯含量的动态变化的研究

目的 :研究产地及采收季节对银杏萜内酯含量和组成的影响。方法 :利用RP HPLC法分析银杏叶中不同银杏萜内酯含量。结果 :不同产地的银杏叶其萜内酯的含量和组成不同 ,就所分析的材料而言 ,湖北省枣阳县出产的银杏叶萜内酯含量最高 ,达 6.2 5 4mg·g-1;根据不同银杏萜内酯含量的季节变化 ,9～ 10月份采收的银杏叶其萜内酯含量较高。结论 :产地及采收季节对银杏叶萜内酯的含量和组成影响很大     

不同产地不同采收时间枫香树叶中异槲皮苷和山奈酚-3-O-芸香糖苷含量的比较

目的:比较不同产地、不同采收期枫香树叶中异槲皮苷和山奈酚-3-O-芸香糖苷的含量。方法:采收相同产地下不同采收期和相同采收期下不同产地的枫香树叶,称重、晒干,并用HPLC法测定异槲皮苷和山奈酚-3-O-芸香糖苷的含量。结果:24批枫香树叶,同一采收期中江西余江、江西鹰潭、江西弋阳三个产地的枫香树叶异槲皮苷和山奈酚-3-O-芸香糖苷的总含量均较高;同一产地的8个采收期中,以5,6,7月份采收的枫香树叶异槲皮苷和山奈酚-3-O-芸香糖苷的总含量较高,12月份采收的异槲皮苷和山奈酚-3-O-芸香糖苷的总含量最低。结论:不同产地、不同采收期枫香树叶中异槲皮苷和山奈酚-3-O-芸香糖苷的含量存在明显差异,应注意生长环境和采收季节对枫香树叶药材质量的影响。     

肿节风药材采收部位与最佳采收期的研究

目的确定肿节风药材的采收部位与最佳采收期。方法分别将采得的不同季节肿节风药材分为根、茎、叶3部分，以60％乙醇为溶剂回流提取。采用高效液相色谱法测定不同季节肿节风药材各部位中反丁烯二酸和异嗪皮啶的含量；以紫外分光光度法测定其总黄酮的含量。结果肿节风药材叶中总黄酮含量最高，茎中反丁烯二酸含量最高，根中异嗪皮啶含量最高，综合考虑3种有效成分，以6月、8月含量最高。结论6月、8月份为肿节风药材的最佳采收期，以全株采收为宜。     

飞龙掌血根皮与茎皮指纹图谱对比研究

目的建立了飞龙掌血Toddalia asiatica根皮、茎皮高效液相色谱法指纹图谱,并运用相似度评价软件对指纹图谱进行相似度对比,从而为促进飞龙掌血综合利用提供理论依据。方法采用乙腈-0.1%磷酸水溶液梯度系统,C18柱(200mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱,测定波长269 nm,体积流量1.0 m L/min。通过对10批不同产地不同季节采收的飞龙掌血根皮与10批不同产地不同季节的茎皮对比研究,从而建立飞龙掌血的指纹图谱,并计算相似度。结果不同产地及不同季节采集的飞龙掌血根皮与茎皮共有峰的相对保留时间相对一致,但相对峰面积差异较大,说明产地和采收季节的不同会导致相关物质活性成分的量有一定的差异。结论飞龙掌血根皮与茎皮指纹图谱相似度大于0.9,其组成高度相似。     

栽培九节茶不同生长期及加工方法的质量比较

目的：考察栽培基地的九节茶不同采收季节、生长年限及加工方法的质量情况。结果：最佳采收季节以秋季为好;种植一年以上即可采收;烘干法比晒干法九节茶的指标成分含量较高,但在产地初加工用晒干法可节约成本。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素

目的建立微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)直接稀释测定脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素(Mg、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Al、B、Ba、Co、Cr、K、Li、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Th、Ti、V、As、Cd和Hg)的方法。方法分别对微波消解条件和测试条件进行考察;样品经微波消解后,采用电感耦合质谱仪测定25种矿物质元素,并对测定方法学进行考察。结果确定最佳消解条件为3步缓慢升温:400 W 80℃升温10 min,保留5 min;600 W 120℃升温10 min,保留5 min;900 W 200℃升温20 min,保留20 min;25种矿物质元素在各自的线性范围内线性关系良好,r≥0.999 6,精密度、稳定性和重复性试验的RSD均符合定量分析要求;加标回收率为94.7%~106.1%,RSD在0.34%~2.79%。脉络宁注射液中检测出Mg、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Al、B、Ba、Co、Cr、K、Li、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Th、Ti、V,未检出As、Cd和Hg。结论该方法简便、迅速、准确,适用于脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素的同时测定。     

Die Lateralität und Lateralitätsinstabilität in der Diagnostik und Therapie

The disturbance and instability of laterality are obstacles to diagnostics and therapy. Correction prior to starting therapy is required. They also predispose toward defined health problems and unspecific diseases. Numerous research activities provide evidence of the relevance of undisturbed laterality in diagnostics and therapy. Techniques of testing and therapeutic corrections will allow for optimized therapy success.     

Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science Instructions for Authors

The Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science, a journal with an international scope （IS SN 1672-3597, CN 31-1908/R, Bimonthly）, is embodied by ＇Springer Verlag＇ Database, Index Copernicus （IC） and Chinese Scientific and Technical Paper and Citations Data （CSTPCD）. You can search full text on http：//www, springerlink, com/content/1672 -3597.     

Yerba Mate or Paraguay Tea

正Beverages based on Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil.are used in the south Brazil and other Latin American countries located at the so-called southern cone.It is known as chimarro or mate in south and southeast Brazil,tererêin     

Ethnopharmacologic study of chinese rhubarb

This paper deals with an interdisciplinary study covering historic, botanical, phytochemical, pharmacological and clinical aspects of rhubarb and related species, to lay stress on the correlation between plant phylogeny, chemical constituents and purgative activity.

It was found that the official rhubarbs were exclusively restricted in the Sect. Palmata e.g. Rheum palmatum R. palmatum var. tanguticum R. officinale; the following criteria may serve as their standard, viz., the presence of sennoside derivatives and rhein, the occurrence of the reduced form of rhein and aloe-emodin, the leaves with any kind of palmate incision. Comprehensive multivariate analyses showed that there is a very close relationship between the leaf incision, existence of sennosides or rhein and purgative activity.     

Wirksamkeit der Akupunktur bei der Therapie von idiopathischen Schmeckstörungen: Eine randomisierte Placebo-kontrollierte Studie

Background

At present, the state-of-the-art medication in treating idiopathic taste disorder (gustatory dysfunction) is zinc. If zinc medication was unsuccessful, not tolerated or if it is contraindicated the persons affected can hardly be helped.

Objectives

In a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial an attempt was made to determine the efficacy of acupuncture.

Methods

The treatment group was treated with acupuncture needles, the placebo group with an inactive acupuncture-laser. Endpoints of the study were changes in the taste test, the quality of life and the severity of symptoms of depression (BDI) as well as mood changes (ZMS). Satisfaction with the success of the respective therapy was also evaluated. Data were collected before and after therapy and again for the treatment group 10 weeks after completion of the treatment period.

Findings

Treatment with real acupuncture showed a significant improvement in gustatory function as well as a significant improvement in psychological symptoms. Greater satisfaction with the treatment results was evident in the treatment group. The treatment results of acupuncture remained stable over a period of ten weeks after completion of the treatment.

Conclusion

Acupuncture was effective in the therapy of idiopathic taste disorders and therefore it is an effective alternative when zinc medication is not tolerated or unsuccessful. But it is also suitable as a therapy of first choice. Acupuncture can be considered as an extension of the therapeutic spectrum in the difficult treatment of taste disorders.     

Veränderungen der Herzratenvariabilität (HRV) während Low Level Lasernadelakupunktur: Placebokontrollierte Studie an 19 herzgesunden Probanden

Background

Experimental and clinical studies postulate a neurobiological mechanism of acupuncture by modulating central pain systems, neurohormones and -transmitters. It seems to be quite likely that the autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays an important mediating role in this neuromodulation.

Aim

In measuring heart rate variability (HRV), as a non-invasive approach to the ANS-function, the object of this study was to monitor probable acupuncture-induced changes of autonomic balance. The innovative technology of laser-needle acupuncture offers for the first time a stimulation method which fulfils the demands on a placebo-controlled acupuncture trial not requiring controversial sham acupuncture.

Method

19 healthy voluntary subjects underwent 3 treatments in randomized sequence, consisting of placebo-, 1-point- (PC 6) and simultaneous 3-point- (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) laser-needle-stimulation over 20 minutes. Before, during and after placebo-/verum laser-needle acupuncture, HRV-data for normalized HF(high frequency)- and LF(low frequency)-Power (nHF, nLF) and their quotient nLF/nHF obtained by power spectrum analysis (FFT), were measured and analyzed statistically at 5 different time points (ANOVA repeated measures, p < 0,05).

Results

During both verum applications, the 1-point- (PC 6) as well as the simultaneous 3-point- (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) laser-needle stimulation, significant changes of the ANS-activity were found in comparison to the placebo application. The most significant modification of HRV was an increase of nHF (p < 0,05 (PC 6), p < 0,0001 (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3)) as an expression of growing vagal activity during acupuncture.

Conclusion

Laser-needle acupuncture causes in 1-point-stimulation (PC 6) as well as in simultaneous 3-point-stimulation (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) significant changes in HRV in comparison to placebo application. HRV-monitoring seems to be a suitable approach in exploration of acupuncture-induced changes of ANS and could possibly be established in combination with laser needle acupuncture as a standard for further scientific and clinical acupuncture investigations which are greatly needed.     

瑞香科五属植物中酚性聚合物的结构特征、分布及药理活性研究进展

瑞香科植物广泛分布于世界热带和温带地区,其中多种植物可供药用。在对该科植物的研究中发现,黄酮类、木脂素和香豆素等酚性化合物的低聚体为其重要的特征性成分,药理活性主要表现在抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗氧化、抗菌和抗病毒等方面。对已发现的酚性聚合体的化学结构、植物来源及药理活性进行综述,为瑞香科植物今后的研究和开发利用提供参考。     

HPLC法同时测定沉香化滞丸中11种成分

目的采用HPLC梯度洗脱法同时测定沉香化滞丸中沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚11种成分。方法采用Thermo Syncronis C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为水-乙腈,梯度洗脱:0～10 min,20%乙腈;10～20 min,20%～40%乙腈;20～24 min,40%乙腈;24～26 min,40%～52%乙腈;26～30 min,52%乙腈;30～31 min,52%～90%乙腈;31～35 min,90%乙腈;35～40 min,90%～100%乙腈;40～43min,100%乙腈;43～45min,100%～20%乙腈;检测波长215nm,体积流量1.0m L/min,柱温30℃,进样量20μL。结果各成分在43 min内分离良好,沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚的线性范围分别为1.4～13.6、10.0～200.0、31.5～315.0、1.0～120.1、1.8～50.6、0.93～10.1、1.8～30.0、0.2～40.3、1.8～18.1、1.7～25.0、0.45～10.70μg/mL;样品中各成分的平均回收率均在98.90%～100.87%;11种成分精密度RSD在0.55%～1.54%;供试品溶液在30 h内稳定性良好,RSD在0.75%～1.94%;重复性RSD在0.39%～1.73%。6批次样品中沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚质量分数分别为92.0～201.0、511.5～9 033.0、5 475.0～12 635.5、54.5～5 095.5、192.0～2 137.5、117.0～391.5、106.5～1 281.5、13.0～136.5、93.5～199.0、177.0～1 207.0、33.5～251.5μg/g。结论本方法准确、快速、简便,重复性好,精密度高,适用于沉香化滞丸中多种活性成分的定量分析。