Development of an oral DNA vaccine against MG7－Ag of gastric cancer using attenuated salmonella typhimurium as carrier

AIM: To develop an oral DNA vaccine against gastric cancer and evaluate its efficacy in mice. METHODS: The genes of the MG7-Ag mimotope and a universal Th epitope (Pan-DR epitope, PADRE) were included in the PCR primers. By PCR, the fusion gene of the two epitopes was amplified. The fusion gene was confirmed by sequencing and was then cloned into pcDNA3.1(+) plasmid. The pcDNA3.1 (+)-MG7/PADRE was used to transfect an attenuated Salmonella typhimurium. C57BL/6 mice were orally immunized with 1X10(8) cfu Salmonella transfectants. Salmonella harboring the empty pcDNA3.1(+) plasmid and phosphate buffer saline (PBS) were used as negative controls. At the 6th week, serum titer of MG7-Ag specific antibody was detected by ELISA. At the 8th week cellular immunity was detected by an unprimed proliferation test of the spleenocytes by using a ((3)H)-thymidine incorporation assay. Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells expressing MG7-Ag were used as a model in tumor challenge assay to evaluate the protective effect of the vaccine. RESULTS: Serum titer of antibody against MG7-Ag was significantly higher in mice immunized with the vaccine than that in control groups (0.841 vs 0.347, P<0.01; 0.841 vs 0.298, P<0.01), while in vitro unprimed proliferation assay of the spleenocytes showed no statistical difference between those three groups. Two weeks after tumor challenge, 2 in 7 immunized mice were tumor free, while all the mice in the control groups showed tumor formation. CONCLUSION: Oral DNA vaccine against the MG7-Ag momitope of gastric cancer is immunogenic. It can induce significant humoral immunity against tumor in mice, and the vaccine has partially protective effects.     

小鼠口服弓形虫DNA混合疫苗的免疫保护反应

目的 观察携带弓形虫表面抗原复合基因重组沙门氏菌经口免疫BALB/c小鼠所诱导的免疫反应。 方法 构建弓形虫主要表面抗原SAG1、SAG2复合基因真核表达质粒，将其转入减毒鼠伤寒沙门氏菌BRD509 (BRD509/pSAG1/SAG2)，经口服免疫BALB/c小鼠，以携带空载体质粒的减毒沙门氏菌BRD509及生理盐水（NS）组为对照，分别于每次免疫前和免疫后断尾取血，并于末次免疫后第4周取小鼠脾脏测定T淋巴细胞增殖活性、天然杀伤细胞（NK细胞）活性和T细胞亚群；ELISA法测定IgG抗体及血清中的细胞因子干扰素（IFN-γ），白介素-4（IL-4）。与末次免疫后4周，每只小鼠腹腔注射0.1 ml(10⁵)弓形虫RH株速殖子攻击，观察小鼠存活时间。 结果 免疫组小鼠的IgG抗体水平明显提高，滴度为1∶100；NK细胞杀伤活性和T细胞增殖活性也明显增强，其中NK细胞杀伤活性为85%±7%，T细胞增殖指数为2.83，与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。免疫鼠攻击感染后平均存活时间比对照组长5 d。 结论 弓形虫口服DNA混合疫苗可诱导小鼠产生保护性免疫。     

优化构建UreB/HpaA双价幽门螺杆菌减毒活菌疫苗的免疫保护作用

目的 以减毒鼠伤寒沙门菌为载体，通过在UreB和HpaA间引入由3个甘氨酸残基组成的三肽柔韧接头，构建成UreB／HpaA双价抗幽门螺杆菌(Hp)活疫苗，并对照相应单价疫苗和空白载体研究其对C57BL／6小鼠的免疫保护效果。方法 用序列重叠延伸聚合酶链反应扩增带3个甘氨酸残基柔韧接头的融合基因UreB／HpaA，进一步以减毒鼠伤寒沙门菌SL3261为载体构建UreB／HpaA双价活疫苗，观察其在小鼠体内的稳定性。用双价活疫苗株免疫Ⅱ级C57BL／6小鼠1次，对照单价活疫苗和空白载体观察其在体内诱导的特异抗体反应和对小鼠的免疫保护作用。结果 测序结果显示，3个甘氨酸残基的编码序列GGTGGAGGC已成功地插入UreB／HpaA融合基因中。双价疫苗灌喂小鼠后，至少能在脾脏和回肠末段存留10d。双价疫苗在小鼠体内诱导血清特异性IgGl和IgG2a水平明显升高。UreB／HpaA双价疫苗的免疫保护率为77．3％(17／22)，而UreB疫苗和HpaA疫苗的免疫保护率分别为50．0％(12／24)和43．5％(10／23)。结论 引入柔韧接头，优化构建表达UreB和HpaA的双价抗Hp活疫苗。UreB／HpaA双价活疫苗对Ⅱ级C57BL／6小鼠有更好的免疫保护作用。     

Construction of recombinant attenuated Salmonella typhimurium DNA vaccine expressing H pylori ureB and IL-2

AIM: To construct a recombinant live attenuated Salm-onella typhimurium DNA vaccine encoding H pylori ureB gene and mouse IL-2 gene and to detect its immunogenicity in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: H pylori ureB and mouse IL-2 gene fragments were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cloned into pUCmT vector. DNA sequence of the amplified ureB and IL-2 genes was assayed, then cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pIRES through enzyme digestion and ligation reactions resulting in pIRES-ureB and pIRES-ureB-IL-2. The recombinant plasmids were used to transform competent E. coli DH5α, and the positive clones were screened by PCR and restriction enzyme digestion. Then, the recombinant pIRES-ureB and pIRES-ureB-IL-2 were used to transform LB5000 and the recombinant plasmids extracted from LB5000 were finally introduced into the final host SL7207. After that, recombinant strains were grown in vitro repeatedly. In order to detect the immunogenicity of the vaccine in vitro, pIRES-ureB and pIRES-ureB-IL-2 were transfected to COS-7 cells using LipofectamineTM2000, the immunogenicity of expressed UreB and IL-2 proteins was assayed with SDS-PAGE and Western blot. C57BL/6 mice were orally immunized with 1 × 108 recombinant attenuated Salmonella typhimurium DNA vaccine. Four weeks after vaccination, mice were challenged with 1 × 107 CFU of live H pylori SS1. Mice were sacrificed and the stomach was isolated for examination of H pylori 4 wk post-challenge. RESULTS: The 1700 base pair ureB gene fragment amplified from the genomic DNA was consistent with the sequence of H pylori ureB by sequence analysis. The amplified 510 base pair fragment was consistentwith the sequence of mouse IL-2 in gene bank. It was confirmed by PCR and restriction enzyme digestion that H pylori ureB and mouse IL-2 genes were inserted into the eukaryotic expression vector pIRES. The experiments in vitro showed that stable recombinant live attenuated Salmonella typhimurium DNA vaccine carrying ureB and IL-2 genes was successfully constructed and the specific strips of UreB and IL-2 expressed by recombinant plasmids were detected through Western blot. Study in vivo showed that the positive rate of rapid urease test of the immunized group including ureB and ureB-IL-2 was 37.5% and 12.5% respectively, and was significantly lower than that (100%) in the control group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Recombinant attenuated Salmonella typhimurium DNA vaccine expressing UreB protein and IL-2 protein with immunogenicity can be constructed. It can protect mice against H pylori infection, which may help the development of a human-use H pylori DNA vaccine.     

口服丙型肝炎复合多表位DNA减毒鼠伤寒沙门活菌苗的实验研究

目的　利用减毒鼠伤寒沙门菌作为载体,探讨丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ） 口服ＤＮＡ 疫苗的可行性。方法　把ＨＣＶ 复合多表位抗原基因ＰＣＸ 克隆到真核表达载体ｐｃＤＮＡ３（ＣＭＶ 启动子） ,构建ＨＣＶ 真核表达载体ｐｃＤＮＡ３／ＰＣＸ,转化减毒鼠伤寒沙门菌ＳＬ３２６１ ,获得ＨＣＶ 重组口服ＤＮＡ 活菌苗ＳＬ３２６１ （ｐｃＤＮＡ３／ＰＣＸ） ,免疫小鼠及家兔后,检测特异性免疫应答及安全性。结果　ＳＬ３２６１（ｐｃＤＮＡ３／ＰＣＸ） 在小鼠及家兔中均可诱发低水平的特异性体液免疫及细胞免疫应答,免疫动物未见明显的毒性反应。结论　ＨＣＶ 口服减毒鼠伤寒沙门菌ＤＮＡ 疫苗可诱发特异性的免疫应答,为ＨＣＶ 疫苗的研究提供新的理论及实验依据     

多组分重组减毒沙门疫苗菌对幽门螺杆菌感染的免疫保护作用

目的　利用人类幽门螺杆菌 (Helicobacterpylori,Hp)感染的小鼠模型研究多组分重组减毒沙门疫苗菌对幽门螺杆菌感染的免疫保护作用。方法　将二级C5 7BL/ 6小鼠随机分成 6组 ,通过灌胃方法分别给予生理盐水 (A组 )、PBS(B组 )、减毒鼠伤寒沙门菌SL32 6 1(C组 )、重组减毒鼠伤寒沙门菌pTrc99A -ureB +pGSTag -katA(D组 )、重组减毒鼠伤寒沙门菌pTrc99A -ureB +pTrc99A -HPaA(F组 )及重组减毒鼠伤寒沙门菌 pTrc99A -ureB +pGSTag -katA +pTrc99A -HPaA(F组 )。免疫后 4周 ,予Hp进行攻击 (A组不攻击 )。攻击菌量 10 7CFU/只 ,灌胃 2次 ,每日 1。再 4周后处死动物 ,取胃组织分别行尿素酶试验、改良Giemsa染色及定量细菌培养 ,观察Hp定植情况。行HE染色观察胃粘膜组织炎症情况。取脾组织行淋巴细胞增殖试验。结果　A组小鼠Hp定植密度为 0 ,B组为 9 4 9× 10 6CFU/ g胃组织 ,C组为 1 4 2× 10 6CFU/ g胃组织 ,D组、E组和F组小鼠分别为 2 92× 10 5CFU/g、5 5 1× 10 5CFU/g和 2 16× 10 5CFU/g胃组织 ,C组、D组、E组和F组与A组和B组相比定植密度均明显降低 (P <0 0 5 )。免疫组与对照组胃粘膜均无明显炎症反应。免疫组脾淋巴细胞增殖试验阳性。结论　口服多组分重组减毒沙门疫苗菌对小鼠Hp感染具有一定免     

Systemic immune responses to oral administration of recombinant attenuated Salmonella typhimurium expressing Helicobacter pylori urease in mice

AIM: To evaluate whether attenuated Salmonella typhimurium producing Helicobacter pylori(H pylori) urease subunit B (UreB) could induce systemic immune responses against Hpylori infection. METHODS: Attenuated 5. typhimurium SL3261 was used as a live carrier of plasmid pTC01-UreB, which encodes recombinant H pylori UreB protein. Balb/c mice were given oral immunization with two doses of SL3261/pTC01-UreB at a 3-wk interval. Twelve weeks after oral immunization of mice, serum IgG antibodies were evaluated by ELISA assay. Gamma interferon (IFN-γ) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) in the supernatant of spleen cell culture were also assessed by ELISA. RESULTS: After oral immunization of mice, serum specific IgG antibodies against UreB in vaccine group were much higher than that in PBS and native Salmonella SL3261 control groups (A450, 0.373±0.100 vs 0.053±0.022, 0.142±0.039, respectively, P<0.01). Moreover, IFN-γ in vaccine group was on average 167.53±29.93 pg/mL, which showed a significant increase vs that of PBS control group (35.68±3.55 pg/mL, P<0.01). There was also a tremendous increase of IL-10 in vaccine group compared to PBS and SL3261 control groups (275.13±27.65 pg/mL vs 56.00±7.15 pg/mL, 68.02±15.03 pg/mL, respectively, P<0.01). In addition, no obvious side effects in mice and no change in gastric inflammation were observed. CONCLUSION: The multiple oral immunizations with the attenuated 5. typhimurium expressing Hpylori UreB could induce significant systemic immune responses, suggesting it may be used as oral vaccine against H pylori infection.     

Oral immunization with HCV-NS3-transformed Salmonella: induction of HCV-specific CTL in a transgenic mouse model.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The ability to induce cytotoxic T cells is considered an important feature of a candidate hepatitis C virus (HCV) vaccine. We used an oral immunization strategy with attenuated HCV-NS3-transformed Salmonella typhimurium to deliver DNA directly to the gut-associated lymphoid tissue. METHODS: HLA-A2.1 transgenic mice were immunized once with transformed attenuated Salmonella. HCV-specific CD8+ T cells were analyzed in vitro as well as in vivo by challenge of mice with recombinant HCV-NS3 vaccinia virus. RESULTS: Salmonella (10(8) colony-forming units; 20 microg plasmid DNA) induced cytotoxic and IFN-gamma-producing CD8+ T cells specific for the immunodominant epitope NS3-1073 in 26 of 30 mice (86%) that persisted for at least 10 months. A second epitope (NS3-1169) was also recognized by cytotoxic and IFN-gamma-producing T cells, whereas a third one (NS3-1406) stimulated IFN-gamma production without cytotoxicity. The minimal amount of plasmid DNA required to induce CTLs was 2 ng. Upon challenge with recombinant HCV-NS3-expressing vaccinia virus, vaccinia titers were significantly lower in mice immunized with Salmonella-NS3 than in mice immunized with control Salmonella, demonstrating the in vivo function of CTLs. CONCLUSIONS: Oral immunization with attenuated Salmonella typhimurium as a carrier for HCV DNA induces long-lasting T-cell responses.     

鼻腔接种伤寒杆菌Fe-SOD的抗体应答及对鼠伤寒杆菌攻击的免疫保护作用

目的　探讨鼻腔接种伤寒杆菌Fe SOD后血液和粘膜系统的抗体应答及免疫保护作用。方法　用IL - 1作为佐剂 ,将伤寒杆菌Fe SOD经鼻腔接种小鼠 ,检测小鼠血液及肠液中的抗体应答 ,并用鼠伤寒杆菌攻击小鼠 ,观察小鼠的存活情况 ,以确定免疫保护作用。结果　当用IL - 1作为佐剂时 ,经鼻腔接种伤寒杆菌Fe SOD的小鼠血液和肠液中可产生高水平特异性IgG和IgA ;而腹腔注射仅在血液中产生高水平特异性IgG。另外发现经鼻腔接种伤寒杆菌Fe SOD的小鼠在 2LD50 鼠伤寒杆菌攻击后 ,3d和 7d的存活率均明显高于对照组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,且以 5LD50 鼠伤寒杆菌攻击时 ,小鼠 7d的存活率明显高于对照组 (P <0 0 1)。结论　结果说明伤寒杆菌Fe SOD经鼻腔接种后可引起小鼠粘膜系统和血液中的抗体应答 ;对鼠伤寒杆菌的攻击可产生一定的免疫保护作用 ,也进一步说明了Fe SOD是沙门菌的共同保护性抗原。     

表达幽门螺杆菌UreA和KatA双价抗原的鼠伤寒菌疫苗株的初步构建

目的　构建表达幽门螺杆菌 (Hp)尿素酶A亚单位 (UreA)和过氧化氢酶 (KatA)的减毒鼠伤寒沙门氏菌疫苗株 ,对研制抗Hp感染重组疫苗的可行性进行探讨。方法　PCR方法从Hp基因组中扩增出ureA和katA片段 ,将其插入pGSTag表达载体中 ,重组质粒再转入减毒鼠伤寒沙门氏菌。结果　对重组质粒进行限制酶切分析和PCR检测 ,证实两种基因已被克隆入pGSTag ,并转入减毒鼠伤寒沙门氏菌。结论　本研究成功地将表达HpureA和katA融合基因的重组质粒转入减毒鼠伤寒沙门氏菌中 ,构建了UreA/KatA双价口服活疫苗 ,为进一步研究其在预防Hp感染中的作用奠定了基础     

携带幽门螺杆菌hpaA基因减毒鼠伤寒沙门疫苗菌的构建

构建携带幽门螺杆菌（H.pylori)hpaA基因的重组活减毒鼠伤沙门疫苗菌。方法：用分子生物学方法将hpaA基因克隆入原核表达质粒pTrc99A,并进行核苷酸测序,重组质粒经再导入活减毒鼠伤寒沙门菌SL3261,提取重组菌苗质粒,聚合酶链反应（PCR）和酶切鉴定,筛选目的克隆。结果：经PCR和酶切证实,构建了携带hpaA基因（560bp)的重组核表达质粒pTrc99A-hpaA,并将后者成功转化活减毒鼠伤寒沙门菌SL3261。结论：S我建并鉴定了携带H.pylorihpaA基因的重组活减毒鼠伤寒沙门疫苗菌,为探索制备H.ylori口服份活疫苗奠定了基础。     

Humoral and cellular immune response in mice and dogs induced by a recombinant Echinococcus multilocularis antigen produced by a Salmonella typhimurium vaccine strain

A gene fragment (II/3-10) from the cestode Echinococcus multilocularis coding for a species-specific antigen was expressed in the live attenuated Salmonella typhimurium vaccine strain LT2 M1C. The recombinant vaccine (S. typhimurium + pVM II/3-10) was assessed for its potential to induce both a humoral and cell-mediated immune response in mice and dogs. Both subcutaneous and peroral administration of the vaccine resulted in antibody synthesis and lymphocyte priming of C57BL/6J mice against S. typhimurium antigens as well as against the recombinant E. multilocularis antigen. Two vaccinated (subcutaneous and peroral) dogs showed a strong humoral immune response to S. typhimurium antigens and to the recombinant E. multilocularis antigen, but proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes was not detectable against the bacterial S. typhimurium antigens. Regarding the recombinant E. multilocularis antigen, borderline lymphocyte proliferation was demonstrated following subcutaneous and none following peroral administration of the recombinant vaccine to dogs.     

Construction of attenuated Salmonella typhimurium Strain expressing Helicobacter pylori conservative region of adhesin antigen and its immunogenicity

AIM: To construct a non-resistant and attenuated Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium) strain which expresses conservative region of adhesion AB of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) and evaluate its immunogenicity. METHODS: The AB gene amplified by PCR was inserted into the expression vector pYA248 containing asd gene and through two transformations introduced into the delta Cya, delta Crp, delta Asd attenuated Salmonella typhimurium strain, constructing balanced lethal attenuated Salmonella typhimurium strains X4072 (pYA248-AB). Bridged ELISA method was used to measure the expression of AB antigen in sonicate and culture supernatant. According to the method described by Meacock, stability of the recombinant was evaluated. Semi-lethal capacity test was used to evaluate the safety of recombinant. The immunogenicity of recombinant was evaluated with animal experiments. RESULTS: The attenuated S. typhimurium X4072 (pYA248-AB) which expresses AB was successfully constructed. Furthermore, bridged ELISA assay showed that the content of AB in recombinant X4072 (pYA248- AB) culture supernatant was higher than that was in thallus lytic liquor. And after recombinant X4072 (pYA248- AB) was cultured for 100 generations without selection pressure, the entire recombinant bacteria selected randomly could grow, and the AB antigen was defected positive by ELISA. The growth curve of the recombinant bacteria showed that the growth states of X4072 (pYA248) and X4072 (pYA248-AB) were basically consistent. The survival rate of C57BL/6 was still 100%, at 30 d after mice taking X4072 (pYA248-AB) 1.0 x 10(10) cfu orally. Oral immunization of mice with X4072 (pYA248-AB) induced a specific immune response. CONCLUSION: In vitro recombinant plasmid appears to be stable and experiments on animals showed that the recombinant strains were safe and immunogenic in vitro, which providing a new live oral vaccine candidate for protection and care of H pylori infection.     

幽门螺杆菌中性粒细胞激活蛋白核酸疫苗实验研究

目的 构建幽门螺杆菌(Hp)中性粒细胞激活蛋白(Hp-NAP)口服DNA疫苗，初步评价其免疫治疗作用，为Hp疫苗研制奠定基础。方法 PCR扩增全长Hp-NAP基因(napA)，测序并同源性分析后，亚克隆入真核表达载体pIRES，双酶切并PCR鉴定。将重组质粒plRES-napA转化减毒鼠伤寒沙门菌SL7207，口服接种长期感染Hp之BALB／c小鼠，观察疗效。结果PCR扩增出-435bp产物，序列分析表明，所克隆序列与CenBank中SSl-napA核苷酸及蛋白质同源性均＞98％。PCR及双酶切证实，成功构建了携带napA的重组减毒鼠伤寒沙门菌DNA疫苗。疫苗接种后4周，治疗组3／4小鼠快速尿素酶检测阴性，对照组均阳性(P=0．0476)；治疗组血清抗Hp-NAP抗体效价明显升高。结论 成功构建了具有较好免疫治疗作用的Hp—NAP口服重组DNA疫苗，为进一步研制多价抗HpDNA疫苗奠定了基础。     

日本血吸虫DNA疫苗pCDSj32不同免疫次数及末次免疫后不同攻击时间对小鼠保护性免疫力的观察

目的　观察日本血吸虫 DNA疫苗 p CDSj32不同免疫次数及末次免疫后不同攻击时间对小鼠保护性免疫力的影响。方法　分别以 10 0 μg/ 10 0 μl的 p CDSj32经股四头肌注射免疫 BAL B/ c小鼠 ,并分为一次免疫组合三次免疫组。各组于末次免疫后 4wk或 8wk,每只小鼠用 40条日本血吸虫尾蚴攻击感染。 6 wk后剖杀小鼠 ,观察各组小鼠的减成虫率和肝组织减卵率。结果　各免疫组与对照组相比均产生较好的保护免疫效果 ,减成虫率为 35 .6 1%～ 44 .44 % ,肝组织减卵率为 39.6 4%～6 9.0 6 %。结论　 DNA疫苗不同免疫次数及末次免疫后不同攻击时间对小鼠抗血吸虫尾蚴攻击感染效果有一定的影响。该疫苗免疫一次及免疫后 8wk攻击感染可获得最佳免疫效果     

表达幽门螺杆菌NAP蛋白的减毒沙门疫苗菌株预防幽门螺杆菌感染

目的建立表达幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacterpylori,Hp)中性粒细胞活化蛋白(Hp-NAP)的减毒沙门疫苗菌,并利用人类幽门螺杆菌感染的小鼠模型研究疫苗菌对Hp感染的免疫保护作用。方法利用分子克隆技术构建携带Hp-NAP基因的重组原核表达质粒pTrc99A-NAP,经PCR及酶切鉴定后测定其基因序列,并与美国国立医学图书馆基因文库中相关序列的同源性进行比较。重组质粒pTrc99A-NAP转化减毒伤寒沙门菌SL3261,培养后筛选阳性菌落,抽提质粒进行PCR及酶切鉴定。表达的Hp-NAP蛋白用SDS-PAGE和West-blotting进行鉴定,用薄层扫描分析蛋白含量。C57BL/6小鼠随机分成4组,分别灌胃给予生理盐水(A组)、减毒鼠伤寒沙门菌SL3261(B组)、携带pTrc99A的SL326组(C组)、携带pTrc99A-NAP的SL326组重(D组)。免疫后4周,予Hp攻击,攻击菌量107CFU/只,灌胃2次,每日1次。攻击4周后处死动物,取胃组织分别行改良Giemsa染色及定量细菌培养,观察Hp定植情况。结果核苷酸序列测定及同源性分析证实,克隆的Hp-NAP基因与GenBank中相关序列的同源性为98%(397/402),氨基酸序列的同源性为98%(131/133)。pTrc99A-NAP转化的减毒沙门菌,可表达Mr约15000的Hp-NAP蛋白,表达量约占菌体蛋白量的37·5%;表达的新生蛋白能与小鼠抗Hp血清特异性反应,具有良好的免疫原性。同空白对照组、SL3261组和SL3261(pTrc99A)组相比,表达Hp-NAP的疫苗株组实验动物的胃组织Hp定植密度明显下降(P<0·05)。结论成功构建表达Hp-NAP的减毒沙门疫苗菌;重组疫苗菌对小鼠Hp感染具有一定免疫预防作用,可作为未来多组分重组减毒沙门疫苗菌的侯选菌株之一。     

Oral attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium vaccine expressing codon-optimized HIV type 1 Gag enhanced intestinal immunity in mice

Oral immunization is a safe and easily applicable route to induce mucosal immunity to HIV infection. We examined the ability of oral attenuated Salmonella typhimurium (ST) vaccine expressing Gag for the efficiency of generating Gag-specific mucosal IgA and CD8+ T cell responses in intestinal lymphoid tissues. By optimizing the codon of HIV-1 gag to the preferred codon bias of Salmonella, the expression of Gag in Salmonella was dramatically improved. The oral ST-Gag vaccine by itself was not so powerful and induces little Gag-specific CD8+ T cell responses in the intestine. Nevertheless, we found that it potentiates otherwise weak intestinal CD8+ T cell responses in nasally primed mice with Gag p24 and cholera toxin adjuvant. Thus, the oral delivery of Salmonella expressing Gag would be utilized in combination with other parenteral vaccine to direct and strengthen intestinal HIV-specific CTL responses.     

结核分支杆菌Ag85B DNA疫苗的构建及其免疫作用的研究

目的 研究pcDNA3-Ag85B质粒DNA疫苗的免疫原性及其诱生细胞免疫应答的作用。方法 将结核分支杆菌Ag85B基因插入载体pcDNA3中,制备pcDNA3-Ag85B DNA疫苗。分别以生理盐水、pcDNA3及pcDNA3-Ag85B免疫BALB／c小鼠,检测小鼠抗Ag85B抗体水平（ELISA）和体外循异抗原刺激诱导的免疫小鼠脾细胞IL－2、IL－4、IL－10、IFN－γ表达水平。结果 pcDNA3-Ag85B诱生的抗Ag85B效介明显高于生理盐水组和pcDNA3组;pcDNA3-Ag85B免疫小鼠脾细胞在Ag85B抗原刺激下,IL－2和IFN－γ mRNA转录水平明显高于对照组,而IL－4和IL－10 mRNA转录水平在3组中无明显变化。结论 pcDNA3-Ag85B质粒DNA疫苗不仅能增强体液免疫,亦可诱导Th1型细胞免疫。     

表达幽门螺杆菌尿素酶B亚单位基因减毒鼠伤寒沙门疫苗菌的构建和鉴定

目的构建表达幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter