经导管主动脉瓣植入术后左束支起搏的临床应用初探

目的:探讨左束支区域起搏（LBBP）运用于经导管主动脉瓣植入术（TAVI）后患者的可行性和安全性。方法:本研究为回顾性研究。连续入选2018年1月至2020年12月在中国医学院科学院阜外医院接受TAVI治疗、术后置入永久起搏器的患者35例。根据心室电极放置位置,分为LBBP组（12例）和右心室心尖部起搏（RVAP）组（...     

实时三维超声心动图在经导管主动脉瓣植入术中对主动脉瓣环检测意义的研究

目的：分析实时三维超声心动图（real-time three-dimensional echocardiography,RT3DE）在经导管主动脉瓣植入术（transcatheter aortic valve implantation,TAVI）围术期的应用价值。方法：选择本院2018年10月至2021年10月，住院的100例TAVI手术患者作为研究对象，年龄在65～80岁，平均（72.9±5.0）岁。根据患者主动脉瓣的瓣膜形态、功能进行分组研究，分为先天性主动脉瓣发育异常组（n=45）与后天获得性主动脉瓣病变组（n=55），主动脉瓣关闭不全组（n=41）与主动脉瓣狭窄组（n=59），主动脉瓣狭窄合并主动脉瓣钙化组（n=44）与不合并主动脉瓣钙化组（n=56）。统计主动脉瓣前向血流平均压差、左心室腔大小及LVEF值；主动脉瓣环三维视图周长C3D、主动脉瓣环投影平面中二维视图周长及面积（C2D及A2D）、主动脉瓣环二维周长与三维周长之比（C2D/C3D）等数据进行统计学分析，然后采用Peason相关性分析主动脉瓣环参数与术中测瓣器测值的相关性。结果：100例患者均成功完成TAVI手术治疗...     

经导管主动脉瓣植入术治疗重度主动脉瓣狭窄患者的初步经验

目的分享经导管主动脉瓣植入术（TAVI）治疗重度主动脉瓣狭窄患者的经验。方法分析已完成TAVI患者的基线特征、术后血流动力学变化情况及临床结果。结果 2012年4月至2014年3月共36例患者于四川大学华西医院进行TAVI,平均年龄（73.9±7.2）岁,其中男24例（66.7%）,平均欧洲心脏手术风险回归评分为（20.6±9.9）%。25例（69.4%）患者主动脉瓣叶形态呈二叶式畸形。TAVI成功35例（97.2%）,4例（11.1%）需植入第2枚瓣膜。术后主动脉瓣平均跨瓣压差下降至（10.5±5.7）mmHg（1 mmHg=0.133 kPa）,2例残余瓣周漏接近中度。术后30 d内死亡1例（2.8%）,脑卒中2例（5.6%）。10例（27.8%）患者因出现Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞而植入了永久起搏器。中位随访时间323 d,除2例患者分别于术后374 d和680 d死于恶性肿瘤外,其余患者均保持无症状生存。结论对于不适合进行外科手术的二叶式和三叶式主动脉瓣重度狭窄患者,TAVI是可行、安全和有效的。     

不同治疗方式对高龄钙化性主动脉瓣重度狭窄患者预后的影响

目的:探讨不同治疗方式对高龄钙化性主动脉瓣狭窄患者预后的影响。方法:回顾性分析2017-10-2018-09我院收治的82例高龄(年龄70岁)钙化性主动脉重度狭窄患者的临床资料,按治疗方式分为经导管主动脉瓣置入术组(TAVI组,12例)、外科主动脉瓣置换术组(SAVR组,37例)、药物治疗组(保守组,33例),比较3组术后心功能分级、主动脉瓣功能的改善及治疗并发症发生率、不良心血管事件发生率、病死率。结果:①TAVI组、SAVR组术后心功能分级比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),保守组心功能分级Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级所占比例低于TAVI组、SAVR组,Ⅲ级所占比例高于TAVI组、SAVR组,Ⅳ级所占比例高于SAVR组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);②术后,保守组钙化面积、钙化积分均高于TAVI组与SAVR组(P0.05),但TAVI组与SAVR组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);③TAVI组再住院率低于SAVR组(P0.05),保守组心肌梗死、心房颤动发生率均高于TAVI组(P0.05),其再住院率高于TAVI组与SAVR组(P0.05);④保守组病死率高于TAVI组、SAVR组(P0.05)。结论:TAVI、SAVR治疗高龄钙化性主动脉瓣重度狭窄疗效相近,均优于药物保守治疗,但TAVI可减少患者再住院率,改善其预后。     

15例拟行经导管主动脉瓣置换术患者主动脉根部影像学与临床应用--单中心早期经验

目的：15例拟行经导管主动脉瓣置换术（TAVI）患者主动脉根部影像学与临床应用的单中心早期临床经验。
　　方法：入选我院2011-03至2013-11拟行TAVI的主动脉瓣重度狭窄患者15例,分别进行计算机断层摄影术（CT）扫描、经胸超声心动图采集主动脉根部解剖数据,并对比主动脉瓣环测量差异。根据CT测量结果选择植入瓣膜型号,通过术后6个月随访,评估术前测量准确性。
　　结果：15例患者术前CT测量主动脉瓣环短径（21.5±2.4）mm,主动脉瓣环长径（27.3±2.7）mm,瓣环平均内径（24.4±2.4）mm,左心室流出道长径（28.3±4.5）mm,左心室流出道平均内经（24.±3.5）mm;升主动脉内径（35.3±4.4） mm。置入A-Venus人工瓣膜26号瓣膜8例,29号瓣膜7例。CT测量主动脉瓣环内径均值大于经胸超声心动图主动脉瓣环内径均值,差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。经6个月随访,15例患者均未出现主动脉根部破裂、阻挡冠状动脉、主动脉瓣及瓣周中量及以上反流,有4例患者因房室传导阻滞行永久起搏器置入。
　　结论：CT及经胸超声心动图对于主动脉瓣环测量结果存在差异,CT测量可准确有效评估主动脉根部形态及毗邻,为TAVI提供有力支持。     

高危患者经导管主动脉瓣置换术注册研究

《新英格兰医学杂志》（New England Journal of Medicine）在2012年5月3日发表了一项法国经导管主动脉瓣置人术登记的一项前瞻性多中心研究（FRANCE2）的结果。这项前瞻性登记研究反映了主动脉瓣狭窄高危老年患者真实的TAVI经历，在这些患者中，TAVI似乎是一种合理的选择（N Engl J Med，2012，366：1705-1715）。     

经导管主动脉瓣植入术最新研究进展

经导管主动脉瓣植入术（transcatheter aortic valve implantation,TAVI）是一种对于伴有严重主动脉瓣狭窄和行传统开胸手术并发症发生率高、风险大的患者的新型治疗手段,现在国外一些发达国家已经广泛地使用于临床,并收到良好的效果.由于TAVI在这类患者中取得了较好的疗效,因此,受到人们很大的关注.国外许多文献也证明TAVI的1年死亡率、再入院率及并发症发生率都低于传统开胸手术,现就近年TAVI的瓣膜系统、临床应用优势、并发症和进展做简要综述.     

经导管主动脉瓣置入术2013年进展回顾

经导管主动脉瓣置入术（TAVI）从一诞生就备受关注,近几年已然成为介入心脏病学一颗璀璨“明星”。虽然不像前几年有PARTNER那样重磅级的研究公布,但2013年TAVI还是取得一定进展。本文拟回顾2013年TAVI主要研究进展,并对其前景做出展望。     

过渡性经皮球囊主动脉瓣成形术研究进展

尽管经皮球囊主动脉瓣成形术(PBAV)早在20年前便已用于治疗主动脉瓣狭窄(AS),但由于不能改善该类患者的预后而使其应用受限。然而,随着经导管主动脉瓣置入术(TAVI)的迅速发展,PBAV作为TAVI的主要操作步骤之一,重新发挥重要作用,并且,近来的研究表明,PBAV有望成为暂时不能实施瓣膜置换的急、重症AS患者向TAVI或外科主动脉瓣置换术过渡的桥梁。     

经导管主动脉瓣置入术后新发左束支传导阻滞危险因素分析及对左心室功能的影响

目的:探讨经导管主动脉瓣置入术(TAVI)患者新发左束支传导阻滞(new-LBBB)的危险因素及其对左心室功能的影响。方法:回顾性分析郑州大学第一附属医院2019年8月-2020年8月行TAVI的58例重度主动脉瓣狭窄患者资料。根据术后有无持续性new-LBBB,分为new-LBBB组(15例)和对照组(43例)。分析2组患者术前、术中临床资料及术前、术后超声心动图结果的差异。结果:new-LBBB组术前基础QRS波时限、术中置入人工瓣膜尺寸大于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后1年new-LBBB组左心室射血分数(LVEF)低于对照组,左心室舒张末期直径(LVEDD)高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:基础QRS波时限、人工瓣膜尺寸是TAVI后new-LBBB的独立危险因素;TAVI后new-LBBB可能影响患者的LVEF和左心室结构。     

Clinical and prognostic implications of atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation

AIM: To study a cohort of consecutive patients under-going transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and compare the outcomes of atrial fibrillation (AF) patients vs patients in sinus rhythm (SR). METHODS: All consecutive patients undergoing TAVI in our hospital were included. The AF group comprised patients in AF at the time of TAVI or with history of AF, and were compared with the SR group. Procedural, echocardiographic and follow-up variables were compared. Likewise, the CHA 2 DS 2-VASC stroke risk score and HAS-BLED bleeding risk score and antithrombotic treatment at discharge in AF patients were compared with that in SR patients. RESULTS: From a total of 34 patients undergoing TAVI, 17 (50%) were allocated to the AF group, of whom 15 (88%) were under chronic oral anticoagulation. Patients in the AF group were similar to those in the SR group except for a trend (P = 0.07) for a higher logistic EuroSCORE (28% vs 19%), and a higher prevalence of hypertension (82% vs 53%) and chronic renal failure (17% vs 0%). Risk of both stroke and bleeding was high in the AF group (mean CHA 2 DS 2-VASC 4.3, mean HAS-BLED 2.9). In the AF group, treatment at discharge included chronic oral anticoagulation in all except one case, and in association with an antiplatelet drug in 57% of patients. During a mean follow-up of 11 mo (maximum 32), there were only two strokes, none of them during the peri-procedural period: one in the AF group at 30 mo and one in the SR group at 3 mo. There were no statistical differences in procedural success, and clinical outcome (survival at 1 year 81% vs 74% in AF and SR groups, respectively, P = NS). CONCLUSION: Patients in AF undergoing TAVI show a trend to a higher surgical risk. However, in our cohort, patients in AF did not have a higher stroke rate compared to the SR group, and the prognosis was similar in both groups.     

球扩式瓣膜Prizvalve®经导管主动脉瓣膜系统治疗重度主动脉瓣狭窄的初步研究

目的初步评价Prizvalve^?经导管主动脉瓣膜系统治疗重度主动脉瓣狭窄的安全性及可行性。方法本研究为单中心前瞻性的单组观察性研究,入选2021年3至5月于四川大学华西医院住院的外科手术高风险或不适合常规外科手术的11例重度主动脉瓣狭窄患者,经评估后使用Prizvalve^?经导管主动脉瓣膜系统行经导管主动脉瓣植入术。人工瓣膜植入后立即通过经胸超声心动图测量主动脉瓣平均跨瓣压差和峰值流速,计算即刻器械成功率。即刻器械成功定义为:(1)器械成功进入血管入路、被输送、释放和植入,输送系统成功撤出体外;(2)植入瓣膜达到预期的疗效,即手术结束时超声心动图测量主动脉瓣平均跨瓣压差<20 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)或主动脉瓣最大流速<3 m/s,且无严重的人工主动脉瓣反流或瓣周漏。术后30 d复查经胸超声心动图,随访术后30 d内全因死亡及严重心脑血管不良事件(包括急性心肌梗死、致残性出血性或缺血性卒中)的发生情况。结果本研究共纳入11例重度主动脉瓣狭窄患者,年龄(78.1±6.3)岁,其中男性8例,纽约心脏病协会(NYHA)心功能Ⅲ、Ⅳ级患者10例。11例患者均成功完成器械的输送、释放和植入,输送系统成功撤出体外。术后即刻主动脉瓣平均跨瓣压差为(7.55±4.08)mmHg,峰值流速为(1.78±0.44)m/s,与术前相比平均跨瓣压差以及峰值流速均下降(P均<0.05)。无严重的人工主动脉瓣反流或瓣周漏,11例(11/11)患者均达到即刻器械成功。术后30 d,11例患者中无死亡及严重心脑血管不良事件发生。主动脉瓣平均压差为(9.45±5.07)mmHg,峰值流速为(2.05±0.42)m/s,均维持在较为理想的水平,与术后即刻相比差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论本研究初步表明,对于中国人群中传统手术高风险或不适合常规外科手术,且为传统内科治疗无法逆转的重度主动脉瓣狭窄患者,使用Prizvalve^?经导管主动脉瓣膜系统行经导管主动脉瓣植入术是一种可行的、相对安全的方法,可进一步开展第2阶段的临床研究。     

Prognostic value of preoperative atrial fibrillation in patients with aortic stenosis and low ejection fraction having aortic valve replacement

Aortic valve replacement in severe aortic stenosis (AS) with a low left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) is associated with high perioperative mortality. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic value of preoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with AS and low EFs who undergo aortic valve replacement. Eighty-three consecutive patients with severe AS (area <1 cm2) and low EFs (< or =35%) were prospectively included. Perioperative mortality was 12%. Twenty-nine patients (35%) had preexisting paroxysmal or permanent AF. Perioperative mortality was higher in the AF group than in the non-AF group (24% vs 5.5%, p = 0.03). Preoperative AF was identified as an independent predictor of perioperative mortality (odds ratio 7.5, 95% confidence interval 1.19 to 47.06, p = 0.03). Five-year overall survival was lower in the AF group than in the non-AF group (47% vs 77%, p = 0.0017). Associated multivessel coronary artery disease and preoperative AF were identified as 2 independent predictors of overall mortality. In conclusion, in patients with AS with low left ventricular EFs, preoperative AF is associated with higher operative risk and lower postoperative survival. The presence of AF in patients with severe AS and low EFs should be taken into account for operative risk stratification, along with low pressure gradient and associated multivessel coronary artery disease.     

心房颤动合并冠心病并PCI患者三联与二联抗栓治疗的安全性和疗效比较

目的：对比观察心房颤动（AF）合并冠心病PCI术后患者三联抗栓治疗与双联栓治疗的安全性和有效性。方法：连续入选180例AF合并冠心病PCI术后患者,根据服用的抗栓药物分成两组：三联抗栓组[60例,服用阿司匹林（100mg/d）、氯吡格雷（75mg/d）和华法林],双联抗栓组[120例,服用阿司匹林（100mg/d）和氯吡格雷（75mg/d）],两组其他冠心病二级预防措施相同。对随访期间发生的出血事件、血栓栓塞事件以及主要不良心血管事件（MACE）进行统计分析。结果：所有患者中,168例（93.3%）完成了至少一年期随访。随访期间,两组出血事件发生率未达显著差异（18.3%比11.7%,P〉0.05）,三联抗栓组较双联抗栓组严重出血事件发生率增加3倍（3.3%比0.8%）,但无显著差异（P〉0.05）。Cox回归分析表明,年龄（HR 0.59,95%CI 0.40～0.83,P=0.025）和使用华法林（HR 1.33,95%CI 0.88～2.54,P=0.016）是随访1年期间出血事件的独立危险因素。两组MACE发生率差异无显著性（P〉0.05）。结论：对于房颤合并冠心病并PCI术后的患者,三联与二联抗栓治疗的安全性及疗效虽无显著差异,但三联抗栓治疗严重出血有增加的倾向,而且华法林是出血事件的独立危险因素,所以对于此类患者还是使用二联抗栓治疗为宜。     

心房颤动脑梗死患者OCSP临床分型与预后的研究

目的探讨心房颤动脑梗死患者的牛津郡社区卒中项目OCSP临床分型及预后。方法采用前瞻性队列研究,将1019例脑梗死患者分为心房颤动脑梗死组(房颤组)91例和无心房颤动脑梗死组(无房颤组)928例;又按OCSP临床分型标准分为完全前循环梗死44例、部分前循环梗死552例、后循环梗死300例和腔隙性梗死123例。进行随访并比较2组预后。结果与无房颤组比较,房颤组患者完全前循环梗死比例明显增加,后循环梗死、腔隙性梗死比例明显减少(P<0.01);美国卫生研究院卒中量表评分及改良Rankin评分明显升高(P<0.05,P<0.01)。2组部分前循环梗死比例差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。房颤组患者预后不良率为71.4%,发病1年时复发率为31.3%,病死率为30.0%;无房颤组患者预后不良率38.4%,发病1年时复发率为16.5%,病死率为10.3%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论心房颤动脑梗死患者较无心房颤动患者预后差。     

“Device landing zone” calcification,assessed by MSCT,as a predictive factor for pacemaker implantation after TAVI

Background : After trans‐catheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), the need for postinterventional pacemaker (PM) implantation can occur in as many as 10–50% of cases, but it is not yet clear, how this need can be predicted. The aim of this study was to assess the possible predictive factors of post TAVI PM implantation based on Computed Tomography (CT) measured aortic valve calcification and its distribution. Methods : We prospectively analyzed 81 consecutive symptomatic patients with severe AS scheduled for TAVI using the CoreValve prosthesis (Medtronic, Minneapolis, USA). In all patients, a native and contrast‐enhanced multislice cardiac CT was performed preinterventionally, estimating calcification load of the native valve cusps and of the adjacent outflow tract (so called “device landing zone”, DLZ) by the Agatston Score (AgS). Objective, computer‐evaluated, preprocedural ECG‐analysis was performed with regards to pre‐existing conduction abnormalities. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed pre and post TAVI. Results : TAVI was successful in all cases. PM implantation was deemed necessary in altogether 32 patients, out of 67 without a PM pre‐TAVI (32/67, 47%). Various parameters were tested as predictors of post TAVI PM in a multivariate logistic regression analysis model. Female sex (P = 0,005) and depressed EF (P = 0,023) showed a significant correlation. PM implantation correlated also to the DLZ calcification, as assessed by CT (P = 0,004). This model leads to an AUC (area under the ROC—receiver operator characteristics—curve) of 0.83. Conclusion : Calcium amount in the CoreValve DLZ in combination with clinical data could predict the need for post TAVI PM implantation. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Postoperative bleeding in patients on antithrombotic therapy after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection

AIM To investigated the relationship between postoperative bleeding following gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) and individual antithrombotic agents.METHODS A total of 2488 gastric neoplasms in 2148 consecutive patients treated between May 2001 and June 2016 were studied. The antithrombotic agents were categorized into antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, and other antithrombotic agents, and we included combination therapies [e.g., dual antiplatelet therapy(DAPT)]. The risk factors associated with post-ESD bleeding, namely, antithrombotic agents overall, individual antithrombotic agents, withdrawal or continuation of antithrombotic agents, and bleeding onset period(during the first six days or thereafter), were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses.RESULTS The en bloc resection and complete curative resection rates were 99.2% and 91.9%, respectively. Postoperative bleeding occurred in 5.1% cases. Bleeding occurred in 10.3% of the patients administered antithrombotic agents. Being male(P = 0.007), specimen size(P 0.001), and antithrombotic agent used(P 0.001) were independent risk factors for postoperative bleeding. Heparin bridging therapy(HBT)(P = 0.002) and DAPT/multidrug combinations(P 0.001) were independent risk factors associated with postoperative bleeding. The bleeding rate of the antithrombotic agent continuation group was significantly higher than that of the withdrawal group(P 0.01). Bleeding within postoperative day(POD) 6 was significantly higher in warfarin(P = 0.015), and bleeding after POD 7 was significantly higher in DAPT/multidrug combinations(P = 0.007). No thromboembolic events were reported.CONCLUSION We must closely monitor patients administered HBT and DAPT/multidrug combinations after gastric ESD, particularly those administered multidrug combinations after discharge.     

Prognostic benefit of transcatheter aortic valve implantation compared with medical therapy in patients with inoperable aortic stenosis

Objectives : To compare survival in patients with inoperable aortic stenosis who undergo transcatheter aortic valve implantation against those managed medically. Background : Without surgical correction, survival of patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis is poor. It is unknown whether patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) have a better prognosis than similar patients who are treated with medical management. Methods : Survival rates were compared in consecutive patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis who either underwent TAVI or continued on medical management following multidisciplinary team assessment. All patients had been turned down, or considered at unacceptably high risk, for conventional aortic valve surgery. Patients were reviewed in clinic or by telephone six monthly. Mortality data was obtained from the United Kingdom Office of National Statistics. Results : The study group included 85 patients aged 81 ± 7 years (range 62–94), of whom 48 were male. Thirty eight patients underwent TAVI while 47 patients were deemed unsuitable based on echocardiographic, angiographic, or clinical criteria and remained on medical therapy. The calculated EuroSCORE for the TAVI group was 11 ± 2 and for the medical group 9 ± 2 (P < 0.001). TAVI‐related procedural mortality was 2.6%, and 30‐day mortality was 5.2%. Among the medically‐treated patients, 14 (30%) underwent palliative balloon aortic valvuloplasty, with a trend toward improved survival (P = 0.06). During overall follow‐up of 215 ± 115 days there were a total of 18 deaths; TAVI N = 5 (13%); Medical N = 13 (28%) (P = 0.04). Conclusions : Patients with severe aortic valve disease who are not suitable for surgical aortic valve replacement have an improved prognosis if treated with transcatheter aortic valve implantation rather than continuing on medical management alone. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Antithrombotic therapy in TAVI

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) carries a significant thromboembolic and concomitant bleeding risk, not only during the procedure but also during the periprocedural period. Many issues concerning optimal antithrombotic therapy after TAVI are still under debate. In the present review, we aimed to identify all relevant studies evaluating antithrombotic therapeutic strategies in relation to clinical outcomes after the procedure. Four randomized control trials (RCT) were identified analyzing the post-TAVI antithrombotic strategy with all of them utilizing aspirin lifelong plus clopidogrel for 3?6 months. Seventeen registries have been identified, with a wide variance among them regarding baseline characteristics, while concerning antiplatelet therapy, clopidogrel duration was ranging from 3?12 months. Four non-randomized trials were identified, comparing single vs. dual antiplatelet therapy after TAVI, in respect of investigating thromboembolic outcome events over bleeding complications. Finally, limited data from a single RCT and a retrospective study exist with regards to anticoagulant treatment during the procedure and the optimal antithrombotic therapy when concomitant atrial fibrillation. In conclusion, due to the high risk and frailty of the treated population, antithrombotic therapy after TAVI should be carefully evaluated. Diminishing ischaemic and bleeding complications remains the main challenge in these patients with further studies to be needed in this field.     

50例肺移植术后心房颤动分析

目的 研究肺移植术后心房颤动（房颤）的发生率与术前相关危险因素.方法 收集无锡市人民医院2002年至2009年50例肺移植患者的临床资料,根据住院期间是否出现房颤持续5 min以上分为房颤组和非房颤组,分析两组患者的超声心动图检查指标及术前一般临床资料.结果 术后13例患者（26.0%）发生房颤,房颤组术前左心房内径（37.38±6.79）mm大于非房颤组中术前左心房内径（32.70±7.22）mm,两者间差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.术前左心房内径≥40 mm的患者高于非房颤组[50.0%（8例）对23.5%（8例）,x2=5.329,P=0.021],房颤组与非房颤组在性别、年龄、肺移植种类、原发疾病、术前左心室舒张末内径、肺动脉收缩压、右心房内径、右心室内径、室间隔厚度、左心室后壁厚度、左心室舒张功能之间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.COX分析发现术前左心房内径≥40 mm是肺移植术后发生房颤的独立危险因素,风险系数为4.622.结论 房颤是肺移植术后常见的心律失常,其发生率为26.0%,左心房扩大是肺移植患者术后发生房颤的独立危险因素.