超声显像引导注射凝血酶治疗假性动脉瘤

目的初步评价彩色多普勒超声显像引导下瘤内注射凝血酶治疗医源性假性动脉瘤的价值。方法采用20G细针穿刺,行超声引导瘤内注射凝血酶栓塞治疗3例医源性假性动脉瘤,凝血酶总量≤500U。结果2例股动脉假性动脉瘤患者一次栓塞获得成功,凝血酶用量500U,血栓形成时间1~3min;1例桡动脉假性动脉瘤栓塞治疗后残留瘤腔,行手术切除痊愈。结论超声显像引导注射凝血酶治疗医源性假性动脉瘤操作简便,安全有效。     

超声引导注射凝血酶治疗股动脉假性动脉瘤9例

目的 观察彩色多普勒超声引导下瘤内注射凝血酶治疗股动脉医源性假性动脉瘤的临床疗效。方法 采用20G细针穿刺,在超声引导于假型动脉瘤颈处注射凝血酶治疗9例医源性假性股动脉瘤,每例凝血酶剂量300～500U。结果 股动脉假性动脉瘤9例在超声引导注射凝血酶进行栓塞治疗均获成功,血栓形成时间1～5min,未见股动脉栓塞等严重并发症。结论 超声引导注射凝血酶治疗医源性假性动脉瘤操作简便,安全有效。     

超声引导下瘤腔内注射凝血酶治疗医源性股动脉假性动脉瘤

目的:探讨超声引导下瘤腔内注射凝血酶治疗医源性股动脉假性动脉瘤的可行性和安全性。方法:3例女性患者因行股动脉穿刺于术后3~4d发生4处股动脉假性动脉瘤,均在彩色多普勒超声定位下通过瘤腔内注射凝血酶进行治疗,治疗后即刻超声复查,并定期随访。结果:3例患者4处假性动脉瘤一次性注射凝血酶500U后瘤腔即刻闭合,随访10~100d,假性动脉瘤无复发。无肢体栓塞和过敏反应等并发症发生。结论:瘤腔内注射凝血酶治疗医源性股动脉假性动脉瘤是一种创伤小、有效、安全的方法,可作为临床首选的治疗方法。     

超声引导下不同剂量凝血酶封闭治疗医源性股动脉假性动脉瘤的临床观察

目的:探讨超声引导下不同剂量凝血酶注射在医源性股动脉假性动脉瘤治疗中的有效性和安全性。方法:将我院2000年6月至2016年6月间,26例医源性股动脉假性动脉瘤患者随机分为两组,在超声引导下瘤腔内注射凝血酶,观察组13例注射凝血酶200~500U,对照组13例注射凝血酶500~1 000U。结果:观察组和对照组患者特征、注射凝血酶次数、治疗时间、成功率差异无统计学意义,对照组发生1例股浅动脉栓塞,1例足背动脉栓塞,观察组无不良反应发生。结论:超声引导下凝血酶注射治疗医源性股动脉假性动脉瘤,小剂量同样有效,而且可能会降低不良反应的发生。     

超声引导下凝血酶注射治疗假性动脉瘤的价值

目的：探讨在经皮超声引导下注射凝血酶（UGTI）治疗假性动脉瘤的应用价值。方法：对于27例介入术后股动脉假性动脉瘤（PsA）,采用彩超引导下假腔内注射凝血酶致栓塞治疗,观察疗效,血栓形成时间和凝血酶的用量。并在治疗后10min、1d、5d、15d复查彩超。结果：瘤内血栓形成迅速,时间为2～4min,凝血酶用量为（350±150）IU（250IU／m1）;治愈率100％。患者均系一次治疗成功,无过敏反应等并发症发生。27例患者术后随访,均无复发。结论：超声引导下凝血酶注射治疗具有创伤小,操作简便,疗效确切的优点,可作为经股动脉介入治疗术后形成的假性动脉瘤的首选治疗方法。     

超声下凝血酶注射治疗假性动脉瘤的方法学探讨及可行性评价

目的经皮超声引导下注射凝血酶(UGTI)治疗股动脉假性动脉瘤(PS)的方法学探讨及可行性评价.方法15例经股动脉径路选择性冠脉造影和冠脉介入术后医源性股动脉PS患者接受了UGTI治疗.男性5例,女性10例,平均年龄(68.5±12)岁,选择性冠脉造影1例,经皮冠脉介入14例.单腔的单纯型PS9例,2腔或3腔的复杂型PS6例.局麻后在超声引导下准确定位注射器针头,单纯PS尽可能在瘤腔底部,远离瘤颈部,复杂PS首选在远端瘤腔的底部,注射凝血酶速度宜慢,剂量为100～800IU凝血酶,超声下观察瘤腔内血栓形成,UGTI后24小时、5～7天接受二维超声随访.结果PS平均容积为13cm3±4.89cm3.共注射凝血酶21次,单腔注射凝血酶剂量为250IU±120IU,双腔或多腔为650IU±150IU.9例单腔患者全部一次成功;6例双腔或多腔的复杂PS患者4例首次成功,1例24h出现"再通",1例15天出现"再通",经重复3次注射凝血酶后,封闭成功.无一例出现血栓形成、感染、过敏等并发症.结论掌握正确的UGIT操作方法是治疗股动脉PS成功的前提条件,也是减少操作并发症的重要因素.采用正确的UGTI方法可作为医源性股动脉PS的首选治疗.     

凝血酶栓塞治疗冠脉介入术后股动脉假性动脉瘤疗效观察

目的探讨瘤腔内注射凝血酶治疗股动脉假性动脉瘤的疗效和安全性。方法2006年1月至2008年4月心脏冠脉介入术后并发股动脉假性动脉瘤的患者,共33例,其中男12例,女21例,年龄58~72岁,平均66±16岁。其中8例选择性冠状动脉造影术,25例经皮冠状动脉内血管成形术。所有患者均使用GE LOGIQ 9彩色多普勒超声仪确诊,并在超声引导下进行瘤腔内注射凝血酶栓塞治疗。结果5例先行股动脉压迫治疗,无效后改用凝血酶注射栓塞治疗,其余28例首选超声引导下瘤腔内注射凝血酶栓塞治疗。其中31例一次性栓塞成功,2例经2次栓塞成功,总成功率100%。凝血酶用量200~800u。1例出现血管迷走性晕厥,12例患者注射凝血酶后均有体温轻度升高,自行好转。无动脉栓塞及静脉血栓形成、无凝血酶过敏表现、感染、出血等并发症。结论超声引导下瘤腔内注射凝血酶的治疗方法可缩短患者住院时间、花费少,而且简单、安全、成功率高,可作为治疗心脏冠脉介入术后假性动脉瘤的首选方法。     

凝血酶注射封闭股动脉假性动脉瘤对机体凝血系统的影响

目的:了解超声引导下注射凝血酶(UGTI)治疗医源性股动脉假性动脉瘤(PS)对机体凝血指标的影响,评价超声引导下注射凝血酶治疗PS的可行性.方法:15例经股动脉径路选择性冠状动脉(冠脉)造影和冠脉介入术后医源性股动脉PS患者接受了超声引导下注射凝血酶治疗.男性5例,女性10例,平均年龄(68.5±12.0)岁,选择性冠脉造影1例,经皮冠脉介入14例.单腔的单纯型PS9例,2腔或3腔的复杂型PS6例.分析PS接受凝血酶治疗剂量、治疗结果以及机体凝血指标.注射凝血酶前、注射凝血酶后24小时、注射凝血酶后5～7天测定了以下指标:血小板计数、红细胞压积、血红蛋白、活化的凝血激酶时间、凝血酶原时间、凝血酶时间、纤维蛋白原及二维超声心动图检查.结果:共注射凝血酶21次,平均每次注射凝血酶剂量,单腔为(186±120)IU,双腔或多腔为(388±150)IU.9例单纯型PS患者全部一次成功;6例双腔或多腔的复杂型PS患者4例一次成功,2例复杂型PS患者出现"再通",经重复注射凝血酶后,封闭成功.无一例出现其他部位血栓形成、感染、过敏等并发症.注射凝血酶前后,机体各项凝血指标间相比无显著差异.结论:超声引导下注射凝血酶治疗股动脉PS安全有效,PS瘤腔内局部注射凝血酶对机体凝血系统无明显影响.     

超声引导下注射小剂量凝血酶治疗股动脉假性动脉瘤的临床体会

目的探讨超声引导下注射小剂量凝血酶治疗股动脉假性动脉瘤方法和疗效。方法9例经股动脉入路心脏介入性手术后并发假性动脉瘤的患者在超声引导下在瘤腔内注射小剂量凝血酶（〈100U）。结果9例均取得成功,次日、1周、1个月后复查未复发,无任何并发症。结论超声引导下注射小剂量凝血酶治疗股动脉假性动脉瘤安全、有效,有较高的临床价值。     

超声引导凝血酶注射治疗股动脉假性动脉瘤可行性及影响因素探讨

目的探讨医源性股动脉假性动脉瘤(PS)超声引导下注射凝血酶(UGTI)治疗的可行性及影响因素.方法15例经股动脉径路选择性冠状动脉造影和冠状动脉介入术后医源性股动脉PS患者接受了UGTI治疗.男性5例,女性10例,平均年龄(68.5±12)岁,选择性冠状动脉造影1例,经皮冠状动脉介入14例.单腔的单纯型PS9例,2腔或3腔的复杂型PS 6例.分析PS的形状、大小、颈部长度与宽度、凝血酶剂量、治疗结果以及并发症.UGTI后24h、5～7d接受二维超声随访.结果PS平均容积为(13±4.89)cm3.共注射凝血酶21次,平均每次注射凝血酶剂量,单腔为(250±120)IU,双腔或多腔为(650±150)IU.9例单腔患者全部一次成功,初级成功率为100%;6例双腔或多腔的复杂PS患者4例首次成功,初级成功率为66.7%.1例复杂PS24h出现"再通".1例复杂PS患者15d出现"再通",经重复3次注射凝血酶后,封闭成功.次级成功率达到100%.无一例出现血栓形成、感染、过敏等并发症.结论UGTI治疗股动脉PS安全有效,可作为经股动脉途径介入诊疗术所致医源性股动脉PS的首选治疗,PS的几何形状是初级成功率的决定因素.     

超声引导下凝血酶注射治疗股动脉假性动脉瘤36例

目的探讨超声引导下凝血酶注射（UGTD治疗医源性股动脉假性动脉瘤（PSA）的安全性和可行性。方法2000年1月至2007年2月，对36例经皮股动脉路径行冠状动脉介入诊疗术后发生的股动脉PSA进行了UGTI，其中男21例，女15例，年龄34482（63．5±10．8）岁。造影术后发生11例，支架置入术后发生25例。凝血酶注射成功后平卧4～6h，所有病例均在治疗后1～3d复查超声，30d临床随访。结果36例患者，单囊腔PSA32个，复合囊腔PSA4个（≥2个腔），瘤腔平均为（2．98±1．30）cm×（1．84±0．75）cm，凝血酶注射剂量为250～1000（644．29±239．10）U，34例患者1次UGTI即刻闭合瘤腔，2例注射凝血酶500U后动脉与瘤腔通道血流明显减弱，在超声引导压迫下5min闭合。UGTI治疗PSA成功率为94．4％0（34／36）。1例注射凝血酶1000U后虽然瘤腔闭合，但股浅动脉内血栓形成，行外科手术治疗。1例注射凝血酶500U后瘤腔闭合，但2min后出现寒颤、高热过敏反应，对症处理后好转。术后1d复发2例，1例超声引导压迫后瘤腔闭合，另1例再次注射凝血酶1000U成功闭合，30d临床随访无复发，UGTI治疗PSA复发率为5．6％（2／36）。结论UGTI治疗股动脉PSA是一简单、安全、快速、耐受好的方法，可作为临床治疗PSA的首选方法。     

Compression repair versus low-dose thrombin injection for the treatment of iatrogenic femoral pseudoaneurysm: a retrospective case-control study.

BACKGROUND: It has been shown that thrombin injection is a safe and effective technique for the treatment of iatrogenic femoral pseudoaneurysm. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the use of ultrasound-guided low-dose thrombin injections with ultrasonographically-guided compression repair in the treatment of iatrogenic femoral arterial pseudoaneurysm. METHODS: We compared two cohorts of patients treated for iatrogenic femoral pseudoaneurysm: the first included 38 patients who underwent ultrasonographically-guided compression repair as a first-step approach between January 1998 and November 2002; the second included 21 patients treated with ultrasound-guided low-dose thrombin injection between December 2002 and December 2003. RESULTS: Both groups had similar demographic characteristics and aneurysm sizes (p = 0.72). Compression was successful in 24/38 patients (63%); the 14 persistent aneurysms were surgically repaired (37%). The primary thrombin injection of a mean dose of 185+/-95 U/ml (range 100-400 U/ml) successfully obliterated all of the 21 pseudoaneurysms (success rate 100 vs 63% in the compression group, p = 0.004). Thrombosis occurred within an average of 12+/-15 s of thrombin injection. Sedation was used in 42% of the patients undergoing compression and in none of those receiving thrombin (p = 0.001). The duration of hospitalization was significantly longer in patients undergoing compression therapy (9.8+/-5.6 vs 5.6+/-1.4 days, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound-guided low-dose thrombin injection appears to be more effective in reducing the need for surgical repair when used to treat iatrogenic femoral pseudoaneurysm, is better tolerated by the patients, and requires a shorter hospital stay.     

超声波引导下压迫法与注射凝血酶法治疗心导管术后股动脉假性动脉瘤的比较

目的 :评价和比较超声引导下压迫法 (UGCR)和注射凝血酶法 (UGTI)治疗心导管术后股动脉假性动脉瘤 (PSA)的疗效和安全性。方法 :回顾性分析 2 1例心导管术后股动脉PSA的临床特征 ,以及序贯接受UGCR和UGTI法治疗的经过和结果。在彩色多普勒确定PSA后 ,UGCR法是用手压迫、加压包扎载瘤动脉近端和PSA颈部直至PSA瘤腔中血栓形成 ;UGTI法是超声波引导下将 18～ 2 0G针经皮穿刺使针头进入瘤腔内注射猪凝血酶。均于术后 2 4h、5～ 7d超声波复查。结果 :11例首次接受UGCR法治疗者中 4例成功 (首次成功率 36 .4 % ) ,5例接受重复压迫后有 1例成功 ,总成功率为 4 5 .5 % (5 / 11) ;UGCR治疗成功者的 5例中有 4例股动脉PSA最大直径 <2cm ,其中 2例接受抗凝剂治疗 ;在压迫中 10例有程度不等的局部不适、疼痛 ,有 8例在压迫中因局部疼痛而采用药物止痛 ,有 2例因出现血压增高、心绞痛发作而被迫放弃 ;UGCR治疗失败的 6例中 ,有 1例接受了外科手术治疗 ,5例改行UGTI治疗成功。采用UGTI治疗 15例股动脉PSA ,其中 10例首次接受UGTI治疗有 9例成功 (首次成功率 90 % ) ,6例为经重复UGTI治疗成功 ,UGTI总成功率为 10 0 %。单纯型PSA有 9例均一次性治疗成功 ,而 6例复杂型PSA需 2次或以上重复注射凝血酶。实际注射凝血酶剂     

股动脉假性动脉瘤超声引导下凝血酶注射与压迫法的护理比较

目的：比较经股动脉行冠状动脉介入诊疗操作后假性动脉瘤（PSA）超声引导下凝血酶注射（UGTI）与超声引导下压迫（UGCR）治疗的护理效果。方法：选取我院2000年6月～2006年6月经股动脉行冠状动脉介入诊疗操作后出现假性动脉瘤患者共37例。其中，UGTI组：有接受UGTI治疗患者21例，UGCR组：有采用UGCR治疗的患者16例。比较两组的治疗成功率、平均治疗时间、术后卧床时间等护理指标。结果：UGTI组的各种护理指标均优于UGCR组（P〈0．05～0．01）；但PSA直径〈4cm的假性动脉瘤，UGTI组与UGCR组成功率无显著差异（P〉0．05）。结论：若动脉瘤直径≥4cm，UGTI的疗效明显优于UGCR。     

Prospective randomized study comparing ultrasound-guided thrombin injection to compression in the treatment of femoral pseudoaneurysms.

PURPOSE: To compare in a randomized prospective study the treatment of femoral pseudoaneurysms with ultrasound-guided thrombin injection versus ultrasound-guided compression. METHODS: Thirty consecutive patients (22 men; mean age 67+/-8 years, range 53-82) with iatrogenic femoral pseudoaneurysms were randomized to treatment with either ultrasound-guided compression (n=15) or injection of bovine thrombin (n=15). The primary outcome measure was thrombosis of the pseudoaneurysm within 24 hours. Secondary outcome measures were complications and hospitalization time (LOS). RESULTS: Thrombosis within 24 hours was achieved in 15 (100%) patients given thrombin versus 2 (13%) in the compression group (p<0.001). Of 13 pseudoaneurysms failing the initial compression treatment, 7 were retreated, 4 successfully. Thus, only 6 (40%) lesions were thrombosed within 48 hours after 1 or 2 compression sessions. The other 9 cases were successfully treated with thrombin injection. LOS was 2.8+/-1.5 days and 3.5+/-2.4 days in the thrombin and compression groups, respectively (p>0.05). No complications were noted in either group. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound-guided thrombin injection induces a fast, effective, and safe thrombosis of postcatheterization pseudoaneurysms. The technique is clearly superior to compression treatment and is recommended as the therapy of choice.     

Ultrasound guided percutaneous thrombin injection of iatrogenic femoral artery pseudoaneurysms after coronary angiography and intervention

Ultrasound guided percutaneous thrombin injection has recently been described for the treatment of iatrogenic femoral pseudoaneurysms. Patient selection and technical aspects of this technique are still evolving and safety data, particularly after coronary intervention, remains limited. The percutaneous thrombin injection of femoral artery pseudoaneurysms in 13 consecutive patients, most of whom were receiving antiplatelet/anticoagulant treatment (aspirin 11, heparin 4, clopidogrel 6), is reported. Thrombin (1000 U/ml) was injected over several seconds until Doppler colour flow within the cavity ceased. The median dose of thrombin injected was 800 U (range 200-1000 U) and the treatment was successful in all cases without complication. In one case, thrombus was visualised within the arterial lumen immediately after thrombin injection, but this dissolved spontaneously within five minutes without evidence of embolisation. In contrast to ultrasound guided compression, percutaneous thrombin injection of femoral pseudoaneurysms is a rapid, well tolerated, and successful technique even in patients receiving antiplatelet/anticoagulant treatment.


Keywords: ultrasound guided percutaneous thrombin injection; iatrogenic femoral artery pseudoaneurysm     

Expect the Unexpected: Acute and Subacute Coronary Stent Thrombosis Following Percutaneous Thrombin Injection for Treatment of Femoral Pseudoaneurysm

Ultrasonographically guided percutaneous thrombin injection is the treatment of choice for iatrogenic femoral pseudoaneurysms, which mostly result from catheterization procedures. This is the first time, to our knowledge, that acute and subacute coronary stent thrombosis after percutaneous thrombin injection has been reported. This method should be reserved for selected patients, and special consideration should be given to patients with a history of recent acute coronary syndrome and stent implantation.     

超声引导下凝血酶栓塞法治疗股动脉假性动脉瘤的疗效分析

目的探讨瘤腔内注射凝血酶治疗股动脉假性动脉瘤的疗效和安全性。方法78例股动脉假性动脉瘤的患者分别首选床边指压法（50例）和凝血酶注射法（28例）治疗。所有患者均使用GE LOGIQ9彩色多普勒超声仪确诊,凝血酶注射法组在超声引导下进行瘤腔内注射凝血酶栓塞治疗。结果指压法组50例患者中41例通过持续手指压迫治疗有效消除血管杂音和动脉瘤搏动,6例出现迷走神经反射,4例因不耐受再次压迫改用彩色多普勒引导下凝血酶注射法治愈,5例股动脉压迫治疗无效后改用凝血酶注射法治疗。凝血酶注射法组28例首选超声引导下瘤腔内注射凝血酶栓塞治疗的患者全部治愈,其中25例一次栓塞成功,2例经两次栓塞成功,1例出现血管迷走性晕厥;12例患者注射凝血酶后有体温轻度升高,自行好转;无动脉栓塞及静脉血栓形成、无凝血酶过敏表现、感染、出血等并发症。结论与指压法比较,超声引导下瘤腔内注射凝血酶的治疗方法有效性显著提高而不耐受性显著降低,是一种安全有效的方法。