2007年重庆市云阳县和璧山县8～10岁儿童尿碘水平分析

Objective To determine the urinary iodine level of people in Yunyang and Bishan County of Chongqing and explore into its influencing factors. Methods Using multistage cluster stratified simple random sample method, Yunyang and Bishan County were chosen as research spots, then thirty children aged 8-10 in each 3 primary school of the 2 counties were selected using stratified randomization sampling method to inspected their urine and household salt for iodine and the iodine content in drinking water. Results Five hundred and seventy-one urine samples were inspected and the urinary iodine median was 261.47 μg/L. 5.78% (33/571) and 37.48%(214/571) of samples had an urinary iodine median less than 100 μg/L and more than 300 μg/L. The urinary iodine median of Yunyang County was higher than that of Bishan (H = 7.42, P < 0.01). The iodine salt coverage rate, the qualified rate and edible qualified iodine salt rate respectively were 99.64%(554/556), 94.22% (522/554) and 93.88% (522/556) in 556 samples of family table salt. Eighty-seven samples of drinking water were inspected, resulting an averaged iodine content of 8.81 and 2.97 μg/L, respectively in the 2 counties. Conclusions The 2 counties are all the area of iodine deficiency. The urinary iodine level, although meeting the demand of eliminating iodine deficiency diseases, is a little bit higher given that iodized salt of present doage has been taken for a long time. The content of iodized salt should be adjusted accordingly.     

2007年重庆市云阳县和璧山县8～10岁儿童尿碘水平分析

Objective To determine the urinary iodine level of people in Yunyang and Bishan County of Chongqing and explore into its influencing factors. Methods Using multistage cluster stratified simple random sample method, Yunyang and Bishan County were chosen as research spots, then thirty children aged 8-10 in each 3 primary school of the 2 counties were selected using stratified randomization sampling method to inspected their urine and household salt for iodine and the iodine content in drinking water. Results Five hundred and seventy-one urine samples were inspected and the urinary iodine median was 261.47 μg/L. 5.78% (33/571) and 37.48%(214/571) of samples had an urinary iodine median less than 100 μg/L and more than 300 μg/L. The urinary iodine median of Yunyang County was higher than that of Bishan (H = 7.42, P < 0.01). The iodine salt coverage rate, the qualified rate and edible qualified iodine salt rate respectively were 99.64%(554/556), 94.22% (522/554) and 93.88% (522/556) in 556 samples of family table salt. Eighty-seven samples of drinking water were inspected, resulting an averaged iodine content of 8.81 and 2.97 μg/L, respectively in the 2 counties. Conclusions The 2 counties are all the area of iodine deficiency. The urinary iodine level, although meeting the demand of eliminating iodine deficiency diseases, is a little bit higher given that iodized salt of present doage has been taken for a long time. The content of iodized salt should be adjusted accordingly.     

2007年重庆市云阳县和璧山县8～10岁儿童尿碘水平分析

Objective To determine the urinary iodine level of people in Yunyang and Bishan County of Chongqing and explore into its influencing factors. Methods Using multistage cluster stratified simple random sample method, Yunyang and Bishan County were chosen as research spots, then thirty children aged 8-10 in each 3 primary school of the 2 counties were selected using stratified randomization sampling method to inspected their urine and household salt for iodine and the iodine content in drinking water. Results Five hundred and seventy-one urine samples were inspected and the urinary iodine median was 261.47 μg/L. 5.78% (33/571) and 37.48%(214/571) of samples had an urinary iodine median less than 100 μg/L and more than 300 μg/L. The urinary iodine median of Yunyang County was higher than that of Bishan (H = 7.42, P < 0.01). The iodine salt coverage rate, the qualified rate and edible qualified iodine salt rate respectively were 99.64%(554/556), 94.22% (522/554) and 93.88% (522/556) in 556 samples of family table salt. Eighty-seven samples of drinking water were inspected, resulting an averaged iodine content of 8.81 and 2.97 μg/L, respectively in the 2 counties. Conclusions The 2 counties are all the area of iodine deficiency. The urinary iodine level, although meeting the demand of eliminating iodine deficiency diseases, is a little bit higher given that iodized salt of present doage has been taken for a long time. The content of iodized salt should be adjusted accordingly.     

2007年重庆市云阳县和璧山县8～10岁儿童尿碘水平分析

Objective To determine the urinary iodine level of people in Yunyang and Bishan County of Chongqing and explore into its influencing factors. Methods Using multistage cluster stratified simple random sample method, Yunyang and Bishan County were chosen as research spots, then thirty children aged 8-10 in each 3 primary school of the 2 counties were selected using stratified randomization sampling method to inspected their urine and household salt for iodine and the iodine content in drinking water. Results Five hundred and seventy-one urine samples were inspected and the urinary iodine median was 261.47 μg/L. 5.78% (33/571) and 37.48%(214/571) of samples had an urinary iodine median less than 100 μg/L and more than 300 μg/L. The urinary iodine median of Yunyang County was higher than that of Bishan (H = 7.42, P < 0.01). The iodine salt coverage rate, the qualified rate and edible qualified iodine salt rate respectively were 99.64%(554/556), 94.22% (522/554) and 93.88% (522/556) in 556 samples of family table salt. Eighty-seven samples of drinking water were inspected, resulting an averaged iodine content of 8.81 and 2.97 μg/L, respectively in the 2 counties. Conclusions The 2 counties are all the area of iodine deficiency. The urinary iodine level, although meeting the demand of eliminating iodine deficiency diseases, is a little bit higher given that iodized salt of present doage has been taken for a long time. The content of iodized salt should be adjusted accordingly.     

2007年重庆市云阳县和璧山县8～10岁儿童尿碘水平分析

Objective To determine the urinary iodine level of people in Yunyang and Bishan County of Chongqing and explore into its influencing factors. Methods Using multistage cluster stratified simple random sample method, Yunyang and Bishan County were chosen as research spots, then thirty children aged 8-10 in each 3 primary school of the 2 counties were selected using stratified randomization sampling method to inspected their urine and household salt for iodine and the iodine content in drinking water. Results Five hundred and seventy-one urine samples were inspected and the urinary iodine median was 261.47 μg/L. 5.78% (33/571) and 37.48%(214/571) of samples had an urinary iodine median less than 100 μg/L and more than 300 μg/L. The urinary iodine median of Yunyang County was higher than that of Bishan (H = 7.42, P < 0.01). The iodine salt coverage rate, the qualified rate and edible qualified iodine salt rate respectively were 99.64%(554/556), 94.22% (522/554) and 93.88% (522/556) in 556 samples of family table salt. Eighty-seven samples of drinking water were inspected, resulting an averaged iodine content of 8.81 and 2.97 μg/L, respectively in the 2 counties. Conclusions The 2 counties are all the area of iodine deficiency. The urinary iodine level, although meeting the demand of eliminating iodine deficiency diseases, is a little bit higher given that iodized salt of present doage has been taken for a long time. The content of iodized salt should be adjusted accordingly.     

2007年重庆市云阳县和璧山县8～10岁儿童尿碘水平分析

Objective To determine the urinary iodine level of people in Yunyang and Bishan County of Chongqing and explore into its influencing factors. Methods Using multistage cluster stratified simple random sample method, Yunyang and Bishan County were chosen as research spots, then thirty children aged 8-10 in each 3 primary school of the 2 counties were selected using stratified randomization sampling method to inspected their urine and household salt for iodine and the iodine content in drinking water. Results Five hundred and seventy-one urine samples were inspected and the urinary iodine median was 261.47 μg/L. 5.78% (33/571) and 37.48%(214/571) of samples had an urinary iodine median less than 100 μg/L and more than 300 μg/L. The urinary iodine median of Yunyang County was higher than that of Bishan (H = 7.42, P < 0.01). The iodine salt coverage rate, the qualified rate and edible qualified iodine salt rate respectively were 99.64%(554/556), 94.22% (522/554) and 93.88% (522/556) in 556 samples of family table salt. Eighty-seven samples of drinking water were inspected, resulting an averaged iodine content of 8.81 and 2.97 μg/L, respectively in the 2 counties. Conclusions The 2 counties are all the area of iodine deficiency. The urinary iodine level, although meeting the demand of eliminating iodine deficiency diseases, is a little bit higher given that iodized salt of present doage has been taken for a long time. The content of iodized salt should be adjusted accordingly.     

2007年重庆市云阳县和璧山县8～10岁儿童尿碘水平分析

Objective To determine the urinary iodine level of people in Yunyang and Bishan County of Chongqing and explore into its influencing factors. Methods Using multistage cluster stratified simple random sample method, Yunyang and Bishan County were chosen as research spots, then thirty children aged 8-10 in each 3 primary school of the 2 counties were selected using stratified randomization sampling method to inspected their urine and household salt for iodine and the iodine content in drinking water. Results Five hundred and seventy-one urine samples were inspected and the urinary iodine median was 261.47 μg/L. 5.78% (33/571) and 37.48%(214/571) of samples had an urinary iodine median less than 100 μg/L and more than 300 μg/L. The urinary iodine median of Yunyang County was higher than that of Bishan (H = 7.42, P < 0.01). The iodine salt coverage rate, the qualified rate and edible qualified iodine salt rate respectively were 99.64%(554/556), 94.22% (522/554) and 93.88% (522/556) in 556 samples of family table salt. Eighty-seven samples of drinking water were inspected, resulting an averaged iodine content of 8.81 and 2.97 μg/L, respectively in the 2 counties. Conclusions The 2 counties are all the area of iodine deficiency. The urinary iodine level, although meeting the demand of eliminating iodine deficiency diseases, is a little bit higher given that iodized salt of present doage has been taken for a long time. The content of iodized salt should be adjusted accordingly.     

2007年重庆市云阳县和璧山县8～10岁儿童尿碘水平分析

Objective To determine the urinary iodine level of people in Yunyang and Bishan County of Chongqing and explore into its influencing factors. Methods Using multistage cluster stratified simple random sample method, Yunyang and Bishan County were chosen as research spots, then thirty children aged 8-10 in each 3 primary school of the 2 counties were selected using stratified randomization sampling method to inspected their urine and household salt for iodine and the iodine content in drinking water. Results Five hundred and seventy-one urine samples were inspected and the urinary iodine median was 261.47 μg/L. 5.78% (33/571) and 37.48%(214/571) of samples had an urinary iodine median less than 100 μg/L and more than 300 μg/L. The urinary iodine median of Yunyang County was higher than that of Bishan (H = 7.42, P < 0.01). The iodine salt coverage rate, the qualified rate and edible qualified iodine salt rate respectively were 99.64%(554/556), 94.22% (522/554) and 93.88% (522/556) in 556 samples of family table salt. Eighty-seven samples of drinking water were inspected, resulting an averaged iodine content of 8.81 and 2.97 μg/L, respectively in the 2 counties. Conclusions The 2 counties are all the area of iodine deficiency. The urinary iodine level, although meeting the demand of eliminating iodine deficiency diseases, is a little bit higher given that iodized salt of present doage has been taken for a long time. The content of iodized salt should be adjusted accordingly.     

2007年重庆市云阳县和璧山县8～10岁儿童尿碘水平分析

Objective To determine the urinary iodine level of people in Yunyang and Bishan County of Chongqing and explore into its influencing factors. Methods Using multistage cluster stratified simple random sample method, Yunyang and Bishan County were chosen as research spots, then thirty children aged 8-10 in each 3 primary school of the 2 counties were selected using stratified randomization sampling method to inspected their urine and household salt for iodine and the iodine content in drinking water. Results Five hundred and seventy-one urine samples were inspected and the urinary iodine median was 261.47 μg/L. 5.78% (33/571) and 37.48%(214/571) of samples had an urinary iodine median less than 100 μg/L and more than 300 μg/L. The urinary iodine median of Yunyang County was higher than that of Bishan (H = 7.42, P < 0.01). The iodine salt coverage rate, the qualified rate and edible qualified iodine salt rate respectively were 99.64%(554/556), 94.22% (522/554) and 93.88% (522/556) in 556 samples of family table salt. Eighty-seven samples of drinking water were inspected, resulting an averaged iodine content of 8.81 and 2.97 μg/L, respectively in the 2 counties. Conclusions The 2 counties are all the area of iodine deficiency. The urinary iodine level, although meeting the demand of eliminating iodine deficiency diseases, is a little bit higher given that iodized salt of present doage has been taken for a long time. The content of iodized salt should be adjusted accordingly.     

石家庄市碘盐质量与重点人群尿碘水平调查结果

Objective To assess the quality of iodized salt and investigate the urinary iodine level of pupils and women after implementation of universal salt iodization in Shijiazhuang city. Methods Between 2004 and 2008, nine salt samples were randomly collected from wholesale enterprises of 5 different directions of east,south, west, north and center in Shijiazhuang city every month. Meanwhile, eight salt samples, four urine samples of women, were randomly collected in each of the 8 households of 210 villages selected from 23 counties. Between 2004 and 2008, twenty urine samples of 8 - 10 year old pupils were collected in each of 160 schools from the 23 counties. Direct titration method was used for salt iodine determination, iodine concentration in urine was detected by the method of ammonium persulfate digestion-As3+-Ce4 + catalytic spectrophotometry. Results At wholesale level, the qualified rate of iodized salt was above 99%. At household level, the consuming rate of iodized salt was above 95%, and the rate of consuming non-iodized salt was less than 5%. The rate of qualified iodized salt was above 90% in every year except 2004(87.10%), and the rate of consuming qualified iodized salt was above 90% in those years except 2004(83.08%). Urinary median iodine level of both the pupils and the women was higher than 100 μg/L, and the rate of urinary iodine level that less than 50 μg/L was below 10%. Conclusions The quality assessment of iodized salt from wholesale companies and related indices of urinary iodine level of pupils, women and household iodized salt have already reached the national standard for eliminating iodine deficiency disorders.     

英夫利昔治疗瘘管型克罗恩病的研究进展

瘘管是克罗恩病（CD）常见的一种并发症,往往导致患者生活质量明显下降.许多临床试验证实英夫利昔对瘘管型CD安全有效.对传统治疗方案无效者,早期规律给予英夫利昔可很好地控制疾病进展和复发.对单药治疗效果不佳者,联合英夫利昔和内外科治疗可提高疗效.本文就近年英夫利昔治疗瘘管型CD的研究进展作一综述.     

大黄素诱导急性胰腺炎胰腺细胞凋亡机制的实验研究

目的 从凋亡信号传导的角度探讨中药大黄素治疗大鼠急性胰腺炎的分子生物学机制。方法 将44只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为正常组，非治疗组，大黄素组，以腹腔注射雨蛙肽物方法诱导大鼠急性胰腺炎模型。并于大黄素治疗后6，24，48，72，96小时处死大鼠。应用HE染色比较胰腺组织病理学改变，应用Tunel法检测胰腺细胞凋亡指数，应用RT-PCR技术检测治疗前后凋亡调控基因Bak和BaxmRNA表达。结果 大黄素干预治疗急性胰腺炎后96小时淀粉酶值显低于未治疗组，胰腺细胞凋亡指数显高于未治疗组，凋亡调控基因BakmRNA的表达与未治疗组之间无显性差异。而BaxmRNA的表达显高于未治疗组。结论 大黄素治疗实验性急性胰腺炎的机制可能与干预凋亡调控基因有关。诱导凋亡调控基因Bax表达增强可能是干预凋亡信号传导的重要机制，而与Bak基因表达无关。     

2011年全国血吸虫病监测点疫情分析

目的了解2011年全国81个血吸虫病监测点疫情变化趋势。方法收集2011年全国81个血吸虫病监测点螺情、人畜病情和相关因素的调查数据,分析不同地区疫情特征及变化情况。结果2011年全国血吸虫病监测点血清学检测阳性率以及居民感染率分别为7.78%和0.54%,家畜感染率为0.97%,较2010年均有所下降。2011年81个血吸虫病监测点共查出感染性钉螺面积98.30 hm2,活螺平均密度为0.222 6只/0.1 m2,感染性钉螺平均密度为0.000 3只/0.1 m2,钉螺感染率为0.14%。有螺地带敞放家畜12 422头,比2010年上升46.99%。结论2011年全国血吸虫病监测点疫情较2010年下降不明显。仍需加大家畜传染源控制措施的实施力度。     

莫昔沙星的抗结核作用及其应用研究进展

全球结核病的疫情非常严重,尤其是耐多药结核病不断增加,WHO于20世纪90年代就一再呼吁予以重视。解决此世界性难题的首要措施就是积极落实现代结核病控制策略,亦即直接监视督导下短程化疗（DOTS）,在此基础上要研发新药,使耐多药结核病的治疗和缩短结核病疗程两个跨世纪性课题有所突破^[1]。     

Use of Gaming in Self-Management of Diabetes in Teens

With the growing prevalence of diabetes in teens and frequent concomitant problems with adherence, adolescents are a frequent target for diabetes self-management support and education. Due to widespread use of technology among teens in general, the use of serious games, games used for purposes beyond entertainment with the intention to educate and support health behavior for teens with diabetes self-management, is an emerging and promising practice. This report explores games intended for teens with diabetes, how the use of games may enhance clinical practice, and provides suggestions for future research and better utilization of these technologies. Current research on the use of gaming for promoting diabetes management in teens is fairly limited, with some initial support for improvements in both behavioral and clinical outcomes among teens. More research is clearly needed in order to further determine how gaming can best be utilized to impact health outcomes in these teens, as well as potential mechanisms of change.     

苯并咪唑类药物治疗包虫病研究进展

包虫病主要是由细粒棘球绦虫和多房棘球绦虫的幼虫引起的严重的人兽共患寄生虫病。在我国,由于受手术复发、死亡等手术水平的限制,药物治疗仍然是目前最主要的治疗方法,每年药物治疗的数量远大于手术治疗数。药物在术前缩小病灶、减轻痛苦,延长患者寿命发挥着重要作用。本文综述苯并咪唑类药物及其新剂型的动物及临床治疗包虫病现况,为探索包虫病药物治疗研究的发展方向提供依据。