共查询到16条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
表观遗传学是指无DNA序列变化、可遗传的基因表达的改变。表观遗传学的分子机制主要、N包括DNA甲基化及组蛋白修饰,这些生物大分子的修饰在细胞周期、基因组印记、x染色体的失活中起重要作用。表观遗传学的改变与肿瘤及肺癌的发生、发展密切相关,它在疾病中的重要性越来越受到关注,表观遗传学的改变有可能成为新的诊断、监测及治疗的工具。 相似文献
2.
3.
武立达;李烽;钱玲玲;王如兴;焦旭峰 《中华心血管病杂志》2023,51(04):426-430
心房颤动房颤)是一种遗传因素和环境因素共同导致的心律失常,发病率高,危害严重,研究房颤的发生机制具有重大临床意义。表观遗传学是研究基因序列不发生改变的情况下,基因表达发生可遗传变化的遗传学分支学科。表观遗传学修饰与房颤的发生、发展密切相关,DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰和非编码RNA调控等机制在基因的转录、翻译、心房电重塑、结构重塑和自主神经功能改变等过程中发挥重要作用,为房颤表观遗传学研究开拓了房颤发生机制研究的新思路,可能为房颤治疗提供潜在靶点。 相似文献
4.
胃癌的恶性程度高且预后较差,目前随着对胃癌基础研究的不断深入,表观遗传学改变在胃癌发生发展中的重要作用逐渐被人们认识,特别是基因启动子区域的DNA甲基化被认为是肿瘤中普遍发生的分子改变,本文主要论述了胃癌相关基因甲基化状态的研究进展,目的在于探讨表观遗传学在胃癌早期诊断及预后中的意义。 相似文献
5.
胃癌高度恶性且预后较差,目前随着对胃癌基础研究的不断深入,表观遗传学改变在胃癌发生发展中的重要作用逐渐被人们认识,因此可通过检测基因的异常甲基化等表观遗传学改变对胃癌进行早期诊断、治疗及预后评价。本文总结分析胃癌相关基因甲基化状态及表观遗传学的临床应用前景,以期探讨表观遗传学对胃癌的早期诊断及治疗的指导作用。 相似文献
6.
7.
动脉粥样硬化是环境因素与遗传因素相互作用所致的慢性炎症疾病.表观遗传修饰可能是链接环境因素与遗传因素的桥梁,深入了解表观遗传修饰如DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰以及微小RNA对动脉粥样硬化形成和发展的影响及其作用机制,将进一步阐明动脉粥样硬化的发病机制.并且由于表观遗传修饰可逆,这可能为动脉粥样硬化的治疗提供新的策略和靶点. 相似文献
8.
表观遗传学是一门研究基因表达的学科,经典的表观遗传学包括DNA甲基化和组蛋白修饰,microRNA对基因表达的调控也属于表观遗传学的范畴。食管癌发生过程中表观遗传学的改变已成为目前的研究热点,为食管癌的早期诊断、治疗和预后提供了新的手段。 相似文献
9.
表观遗传学是一门研究基因表达的学科,其主要研究内容包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰和非编码RNA。在胃癌的发生过程中表观遗传学的作用越来越受到人们的重视,特别是DNA甲基化改变的临床价值已被广泛接受。表观遗传学的变化不仅可用于胃癌的早期诊断,而且还可用作预后和化疗敏感性的指标。本文将对表观遗传学在胃癌中的应用价值进行较为系统的评价。 相似文献
10.
11.
《Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine》2018,28(5):311-319
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. CAD has both genetic and environmental causes. In the past two decades, the understanding of epigenetics has advanced swiftly and vigorously. It has been demonstrated that epigenetic modifications are associated with the onset and progression of CAD. This review aims to improve the understanding of the epigenetic mechanisms closely related to CAD and to provide a novel perspective on the onset and development of CAD. Epigenetic changes include DNA methylation, histone modification, microRNA and lncRNA, which are interrelated with critical genes and influence the expression of those genes. In addition, miRNA plays a diverse role in the pathological process of CAD. Numerous studies have found that some cardiac-specific miRNAs have potential as certain diagnostic biomarkers and treatment targets for CAD. In this review, the aberrant epigenetic mechanisms that contribute to CAD will be discussed. We will also provide novel insight into the epigenetic mechanisms that target CAD. 相似文献
12.
Changwon Kang Ji-Joon Song Jaeok Lee Mi Young Kim 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2014,20(21):6433-6447
Cancers,like other diseases,arise from gene mutations and/or altered gene expression,which eventually cause dysregulation of numerous proteins and noncoding RNAs.Changes in gene expression,i.e.,upregulation of oncogenes and/or downregulation of tumor suppressor genes,can be generated not only by genetic and environmental factors but also by epigenetic factors,which are inheritable but nongenetic modifications of cellular chromosome components.Identification of the factors that contribute to individual cancers is a prerequisite to a full understanding of cancer mechanisms and the development of customized cancer therapies.The search for genetic and environmental factors has a long history in cancer research,but epigenetic factors only recently began to be associated with cancer formation,progression,and metastasis.Epigenetic alterations of chromatin include DNA methylation and histone modifications,which can affect gene-expression profiles.Recent studies have revealed diverse mechanisms by which chromatin modifiers,including writers,erasers and readers of the aforementioned modifications,contribute to the formation and progression of cancer.Furthermore,functional RNAs,such as microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs,have also been identified as key players in these processes.This review highlights recent findings concerning the epigenetic alterations associated with cancers,especially gastric cancer. 相似文献
13.
目前认为结直肠癌的发生是在环境因素的作用下通过遗传学和表观遗传学的累积性改变所致。表观遗传学修饰,特别是基因启动子区域的DNA甲基化,被认为是肿瘤中普遍发生的分子改变。因此可通过检测基因的异常甲基化等表观遗传学改变对结直肠癌进行预防、早期诊断、临床治疗及预后评价。本文论述了结直肠癌相关基因甲基化状态的研究进展以及表观遗传学的临床应用,目的在于探讨表观遗传学在结直肠癌早期诊断及治疗中的意义。 相似文献
14.
Li Ma Mei-Sze Chua Ourania Andrisani Samuel So 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2014,20(2):333-345
Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),the predominant form of adult liver malignancies,is a global health concern.Its dismal prognosis has prompted recent significant advances in the understanding of its etiology and pathogenesis.The deregulation of epigenetic mechanisms,which maintain heritable gene expression changes and chromatin organization,is implicated in the development of multiple cancers,including HCC.This review summarizes the current knowledge of epigenetic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of HCC,with an emphasis on HCC mediated by chronic hepatitis B virus infection.This review also discusses the encouraging outcomes and lessons learnt from epigenetic therapies for hematological and other solid cancers,and highlights the future potential of similar therapies in the treatment of HCC. 相似文献
15.
DNA methylation in hepatocellular carcinoma 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
As for many other tumors, development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) must be understood as a multistep process with accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations in regulatory genes, leading to activation of oncogenes and inactivation or loss of tumor suppressor genes (TSG). In the last decades, in addition to genetic alterations, epigenetic inactivation of (tumor suppressor) genes by promoter hypermethylation has been recognized as an important and alternative mechanism in tumorigenesis. In HCC, aberrant methylation of promoter sequences occurs not only in advanced tumors, it has been also observed in premalignant conditions just as chronic viral hepatitis B or C and cirrhotic liver. This review discusses the epigenetic alterations in hepatocellular carcinoma focusing DNA methylation. 相似文献
16.
Molecular mechanisms associated with inflammation-promoted tumorigenesis have become an important topic in cancer research. Various abnormal epigenetic changes, including DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, and noncoding RNA regulation, occur during the transformation of chronic inflammation into colorectal cancer(CRC). These changes not only accelerate transformation but also lead to cancer progression and metastasis by activating carcinogenic signaling pathways. The NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathways play a particularly important role in the transformation of inflammation into CRC, and both are critical to cellular signal transduction and constantly activated in cancer by various abnormal changes including epigenetics. The NF-κB and STAT3 signals contribute to the microenvironment for tumorigenesis through secretion of a large number of pro-inflammatory cytokines and their crosstalk in the nucleus makes it even more difficult to treat CRC. Compared with gene mutation that is irreversible, epigenetic inheritance is reversible or can be altered by the intervention. Therefore, understanding the role of epigenetic inheritance in the inflammation-cancer transformation may elucidate the pathogenesis of CRC and promote the development of innovative drugs targeting transformation to prevent and treat this malignancy. This review summarizes the literature on the roles of epigenetic mechanisms in the occurrence and development of inflammation-induced CRC. Exploring the role of epigenetics in the transformation of inflammation into CRC may help stimulate futures studies on the role of molecular therapy in CRC. 相似文献