联合检测5种血清肿瘤标志物在肺癌诊断中的意义

目的探讨5种肿瘤标志物联合检测在肺癌诊断中的临床价值。方法采用电化学发光法检测肺癌组、良性肺疾病组及正常对照组患者血中癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖链抗原199(CA199)、糖链抗原125(CA125)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、细胞角质蛋白19片段(CYFRA 21-1)的含量。结果肺癌组血清CEA、CA125、CA199、NSE、CYFRA 21-1的含量均明显高于正常组和良性肺疾病组,P<0.05;在多种标志物联合检测中,5种标志物联合检测CEA+CA125+CYFRA21-1+CA199+NSE的敏感性最高(93.26%),3种标志物联合检测中CEA+CA125+CYFRA 21-1的敏感性最高(87.64%),其次为CEA+CA125+NSE(76.40%),两种标志物检测中CEA+CA125的敏感性最高(74.16%)。结论联合检测可明显提高肺癌的敏感性和特异性,为肺癌的早期诊断提供有利价值。     

联合检测血清肿瘤标志物对肺癌的诊断价值

目的探讨肿瘤标志物神经特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、细胞角蛋白(CYFRA21-1)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原125(CA125)对肺癌的诊断价值。方法用电化学发光法分别检测70例肺癌、50例肺良性疾病患者及50名正常人的血清NSE、CYFRA21-1、CEA、CA125的含量并进行分析。结果三组4种肿瘤标志物检测比较差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01);肺癌组患者NSE、CYFRA21-1、CEA、CA125水平高于良性肺疾病患者和健康人(P均<0.01)。血清中NSE在小细胞肺癌中水平高于其他类型肺癌(P均<0.01),CY-FRA21-1在鳞癌中水平高于其他类型肺癌(P均<0.05);单项NSE灵敏度最高为87.14%,联合检测以任一阳性时,灵敏度最高达98.57%,优于单项检测;NSE、CYFRA21-1、CEA灵敏度分别在小细胞肺癌、鳞癌、腺癌中最高。结论肿瘤标志物NSE、CYFRA21-1、CEA、CA125对肺癌的辅助诊断、鉴别诊断和分型有非常重要的临床意义。     

4种肿瘤标记物联合血清铁蛋白早期诊断老年肺癌

目的探讨分析血清铁蛋白(SF)联合4种肿瘤标记物早期诊断老年肺癌的临床价值。方法选择185例老年早期肺癌患者作为肺癌组(其中鳞癌87例、腺癌79例、小细胞肺癌19例),60例老年良性肺病患者作为良性肺病组,健康老年人50例作为健康对照组,检测三组受试者血清SF、糖类抗原(CA)125、胚胎抗原(CEA)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、血清细胞角蛋白片段(CYFRA)21-1水平,比较三组受试者各指标表达情况及各指标对老年早期肺癌诊断的敏感度和特异度,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析各指标对早期肺癌的诊断价值。结果肺癌组患者血清SF、CA125、CEA、NSE及CYFRA21-1水平均显著高于良性肺病组及健康对照组(P0.05);而良性肺病组与健康对照组血清SF、CA125、CEA、NSE及CYFRA21-1水平比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。血清SF、NSE水平以小细胞肺癌患者最高(P0.05),CA125、CEA水平以腺癌患者最高(P0.05),CYFRA21-1水平以鳞癌患者最高(P0.05)。与各指标单一诊断比较,五种指标联合检测灵敏度显著升高(P0.05),而特异度无明显变化(P0.05)。SF、CA125、CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1诊断早期老年肺癌ROC曲线下面积分别为0.808、0.762、0.761、0.712、0.781,5项指标联合诊断早期老年肺癌ROC曲线下面积为0.915。结论血清SF联合4种肿瘤标记物能够有效提高早期老年肺癌患者的诊断检出灵敏度,有效提高患者诊断价值,从而有助于患者临床预后的改善。     

肿瘤标志物对肺癌的诊断价值研究

目的探讨肿瘤标志物对肺癌的诊断价值。方法选取2013年12月—2016年5月连云港市赣榆区人民医院收治的肺癌患者50例作为肺癌组,肺部良性病变患者50例作为良性病变组,健康体检者50例作为对照组。检测并比较3组受试者细胞角蛋白21-1片段(CYFRA21-1)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、神经元神经特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、糖类抗原125(CA125)及胃泌素释放肽前体(Pro-GRP)水平,并分析其对肺癌的诊断价值。结果肺癌组患者CYFRA21-1、CEA、NSE、CA125、Pro-GRP水平高于良性病变组、对照组,良性病变组患者CYFRA21-1、Pro-GRP水平高于对照组(P0.05)。CYFRA21-1诊断肺癌的灵敏度、阳性预测值及有效性高于其他肿瘤标志物(P0.05)。结论肿瘤标志物对肺癌的诊断价值较高,其中以CYFRA21-1诊断肺癌的灵敏度最高。     

血清肿瘤标志物检测对肺癌的诊断价值

目的 联合检测血清细胞角蛋白片段21-1(CYFRA21-1)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原125(CA12-5)的含量,探讨其在肺癌诊断中的价值.方法 采用化学发光法分别检测57例肺癌和65例良性肺疾病患者以及54例正常人血清中CYFRA21-1、NSE、CEA、CA12-5的水平.结果 4项肿瘤标志物在肺癌中的阳性率明显高于肺良性疾病组和正常对照组,CYFRA21-1阳性率以鳞癌最高(66.7％),NSE阳性率以小细胞性肺癌最高(62.5％),与其它型肺癌存在显著差异.CEA、CA12-5在肺腺癌中的阳性率较高.结论 CYFRA21-1、NSE、CEA、CA12-5是诊断肺癌有价值的肿瘤标志物组合,联合检测更有助于提高肺癌诊断水平.     

肺癌患者血清和胸水中常用肿瘤标志物的检测

目的探讨肺癌患者血清和胸水中6种肿瘤标志物的检测意义，并选择较理想的肿瘤标志物组合。方法应用ELISA检测120例肺癌患者和90例肺部良性疾病患者血清和胸水中以及50例健康人血清中神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）、胃泌素释放肽前体（pro-GRP）、细胞角质蛋白19（CYFRA21-1）、鳞癌抗原（SCC）、p53抗体和癌胚抗原（CEA）的水平含量。结果肺癌患者血清和胸水6种肿瘤标志物水平均明显高于健康人组和肺部良性疾病组（P〈0．01）。肺部良性疾病组胸水中NSE、CYFRA21—1和CEA的假阳性率较高。血清NSE、pro—GRP在小细胞肺癌中的水平和敏感性明显高于其他类型的肺癌（P〈0．01）；血清CYFRA21-1、SCC在肺鳞癌中的水平和敏感性明显高于其他类型的肺癌（P〈0．01）。6种血清肿瘤标志物经组合后，在特异性下降不大的情况下。敏感性明显高于任一单项肿瘤标志物（P〈0．01）。结论6种肿瘤标志物的检测对于肺癌的辅助诊断有一定的临床意义。血清NSE、pro-GRP可作为联合检测小细胞肺癌的标志物组合；血清CYFRA21-1、SCC可作为联合检测肺鳞癌的标志物组合；血清NSE、CYFRA21-1、CEA可作为联合检测非小细胞肺癌的标志物组合。     

肿瘤标志物联合检测在肺癌早期诊断中的应用

目的：探讨外周血肿瘤标志物癌胚抗原（CEA）、神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）、细胞角质蛋白19片段（CYFRA21-1）、糖链抗原125（CA125）、糖链抗原19-9（CA19-9）、糖链抗原15-3（CA15-3）联合检测在肺癌早期诊断中的应用价值。方法：采用Elecsys2010电化学发光仪检测80例肺癌患者,55例肺部良性疾病患者,40例健康人血清中CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1、CA125、CA19-9、CA153等肿瘤标志物的水平。结果：肺癌患者中CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1、CA125、CA19-9、CA153等6种标志物显著高于正常对照组及肺部良性疾病组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。6项标志物不同组合对不同分期肺癌检出的敏感性均高于单项标志物。其中第6种CY-FRA21-1＋CA125＋NSE和第7种CYFRA21-1＋CA125＋NSE＋CEA组合的敏感性较其他组合均高,特别是对早期患者检出率明显提高,但第7种方式成本较高且6、7两种方式检出率差异无统计学意义。结论：CYFRA21-1＋CA125＋NSE联合检测能提高肺癌的早期诊断率。     

血清肿瘤标志物CEA、CA125、CYFRA21-1在支气管肺癌诊断、病理类型及TNM分期中的价值分析

目的探讨癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原(CA125)、细胞角蛋白19片段(CYFRA21-1)在肺癌诊断、病理类型及TNM分期中的应用价值。 方法收集2017年1月至2018年4月入住唐都医院的288例患者的临床资料,采用电化学免疫荧光发光法检测血清肿瘤标志物的浓度,分析CEA、CA125、CYFRA21-1与肺癌诊断、病理类型及TNM分期的关系。 结果肺癌组CEA、CA125、CYFRA21-1血清表达水平高于肺部良性病变组,P<0.05。单个肿瘤标志物在区分肺癌不同病理类型时,CYFRA21-1诊断价值最高。在肺癌不同TNM分期中,CEA、CA125阳性率随着肿瘤分期逐渐升高,各分期之间阳性率存在统计学意义,P<0.05。CYFRA21-1其阳性率随分期变化逐渐升高,但各组间无统计学意义,P>0.05。 结论CEA、CA125、CYFRA21-1在肺癌诊断价值中有意义,在不同病理类型中CYFRA21-1诊断价值较大,CEA、CA125、CYFRA21-1在肺癌TNM分期中诊断价值不同,利用血清肿瘤标志物进行TNM分期,可为病理TNM分期提供参考。     

多肿瘤标志物诊断模型对老年非小细胞肺癌胸膜转移的临床诊断研究

目的比较不同肿瘤标志物对老年非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)胸膜转移的诊断价值,并筛选最佳诊断效能标志物及标志物组合。方法选取我院内科胸腔镜诊断为NSCLC胸膜转移的老年病人60例为肺癌组,另选取同期各类良性胸腔积液病人49例为对照组。检测2组病人胸腔积液中的癌胚抗原(CEA)、细胞角质蛋白19片段(CYFRA21-1)、神经烯醇化酶(NSE)、糖类抗原(CA)125、CA199、CA153的表达水平。采用Logistic逐步回归法纳入2组间差异有统计学意义的肿瘤标志物并建立函数诊断模型,进行预测分类、串联诊断试验及绘制受试者工作特征曲线等方法筛选出诊断效能最佳的标志物及标志物组合。结果 2组间CEA、CYFRA21-1、NSE、CA125、CA199、CA153的表达水平差异均有统计学意义(P005或P001)。经Logistic多元回归分析筛选出评分较高的5种标志物串联组成的诊断模型为:CEA+NSE+CYFRA21-1、CYFRA21-1+NSE+CA125、CEA+CYFRA21-1+CA199、CEA+NSE+CA125+CA199及NSE+CYFRA21-1+CA125+CA199,其中CYFRA21-1+NSE+CA125具有更高的诊断效能。结论胸腔积液肿瘤标志物检测对NSCLC的胸膜转移有定性诊断价值,由标志物串联组成的诊断模型对胸膜转移恶性胸腔积液有临床辅助诊断价值,可为老年晚期肺癌病人提供无创、特异的诊断方法。     

胸水生化指标联合肿瘤标志物在肺癌恶性胸水鉴别诊断中的应用价值

目的探讨胸水生化指标联合肿瘤标志物在肺癌患者恶性胸水鉴别诊断中的应用价值。方法选取2016-01~2017-12该院住院的70例肺癌患者为研究对象,并选择同期住院的其他呼吸系统疾病(肺炎、慢性阻塞性肺疾病)并伴胸腔积液的患者70例作为非肺癌对照组,测定胸水生化5项、胸水及血清肿瘤标志物水平变化,比较两组指标差异。结果肺癌组胸水的TP、FET、LDH、胸水LDH/血清LDH比值、CEA、CA19-9、CA153、CA125、CYFRA21-1水平均显著高于对照组(P 0. 01)。肺癌组血清CA19-9、CA153、CA125及CYFRA21-1水平均显著高于对照组(P 0. 01)。肺癌组肿瘤标志物项目胸水ROC曲线下的面积 0. 8的有CEA、CA153、CYFRA21-1,而血清ROC曲线下的面积 0. 8的仅有CYFRA21-1。结论胸水生化TP、FET、LDH、胸水LDH/血清LDH比值及联合其血清肿瘤标志物可以作为肺癌恶性胸水的鉴别诊断指标,其中CYFRA21-1鉴别肺癌恶性胸水的临床价值最高。     

间质性肺疾病与肺癌

间质性肺疾病(ILD)患者中肺癌的发病率增高,特别是特发性肺纤维化合并肺癌的报道最多.ILD合并肺癌的病理类型以鳞状细胞癌最多,好发于肺下叶和外周部位.ILD的一些肿瘤标记物增高,与疾病的活动程度、严重程度、肺纤维化程度和病情预后等有关,并且具有一定的诊断价值.ILD的肿瘤标记物增高可能是其合并肺癌的危险因素.本文对I...     

Effects of ozone on lung function and lung diseases

Ozone (O3) is an air pollutant produced by sunlight-driven reactions involving the oxides of nitrogen and volatile organic compounds. The population of many large metropolitan areas in the US is exposed to high levels of O3, particularly in the summer months. Individuals exposed to O3 levels in human experiments at higher than common ambient levels develop reversible reductions in lung function often associated with symptoms, such as airway hyperreactivity and lung inflammation. Animal models have helped characterize potential mechanisms of lung injury from O3 exposure. Defining the adverse effects of chronic exposure to ambient levels of O3 on lung function and disease have been challenging, in part due to the presence of co-pollutants, such as particulate matter. The US Environmental Protection Agency's 1997 revised standard for O3 (0.08 ppm averaged over 8 hours) is designed to provide better protection to susceptible individuals. The revised standard is being implemented following the failure of court challenges.     

肺移植供肺保存的现状与进展

肺移植是治疗终末期肺部疾病的唯一有效办法,但目前也是大脏器移植中最为复杂、难度最大的手术之一,仍然有许多相关问题尚待解决。供肺的保存便是其中之一,而且供肺保存成功与否,直接关系着移植手术的成功与失败。现就供肺的保存现状与进展综述如下。     

缺氧诱导因子在肺发育及肺疾病中的研究进展

缺氧诱导因子是细胞在低氧条件下产生的具有转录活性的核蛋白,调节着低氧应激下上百种基因的表达.近年来,对于缺氧诱导因子在肺内作用的研究日趋完整.该文就缺氧诱导因子的生物学特点及其在肺发育和肺疾病,包括肺动脉高压、肺癌和肺损伤中作用的研究进展作一综述.     

肺癌和癌旁正常肺组织中5种肿瘤标志物比较研究

目的 探讨肺癌组织及癌旁正常肺组织中心钠素、分泌型IgA、铁蛋白、DNA聚合酶、血管内皮生长因子的含量。方法 应用放射免疫法测定39例肺癌和癌旁正常肺组织中心钠素、分泌型IgA、铁蛋白、DNA聚合酶、血管内皮生长因子5种肿瘤标志物含量。结果 5种肿瘤标志物在肺癌组织中的含量均高于癌旁正常肺组织，差异有统计学意义（P均〈0．001）。结论 肺癌细胞具有产生物质的作用。     

Prevalence and mortality of acute lung injury and ARDS after lung resection

STUDY OBJECTIVES: To describe the frequency and outcome of patients with acute lung injury (ALI) and ARDS who require mechanical ventilation (MV) after lung resection, and to analyze preoperative and perioperative variables associated with mortality. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the case records of all patients who underwent lung resection and acquired ALI and/or ARDS and required invasive MV and ICU admission at a tertiary-care cancer center from January 1, 2002, to December 31, 2004. Preoperative and perioperative information including ICU-specific variables and outcome data were analyzed. Data are presented as median (range). RESULTS: During the study period, 2,039 patients underwent a total of 2,192 lung resections. ALI/ARDS developed in 50 patients (2.45%). The prevalence of ALI/ARDS by procedure was as follows: pneumonectomy, 7.9% (10 cases in 126 procedures); lobectomy/bilobectomy, 2.96% (31 cases in 1,047 procedures); and sublobar resection, 0.88% (9 cases in 1,019 procedures). There were 28 men (56%) and 22 women (44%). Median age was 68.5 years (range, 44 to 88 days). Median time of presentation to the ICU with ALI/ARDS following surgery was 4 days (range, 1 to 22 days). Median ICU length of stay was 10 days (range, 2 to 43 days), and median hospital LOS was 26.5 days (range, 6 to 93 days). During hospitalization, 20 of the 50 patients (40%) died: 16 in the ICU and 4 after ICU discharge. The mortality rate was highest after pneumonectomy (50%), followed by lobectomy (42%) and sublobar resections (22%). Although increased age was associated with a higher ICU mortality, none of the preoperative and perioperative variables were significantly associated with hospital mortality. There was a marginally significant association between mortality and time of presentation to the ICU after surgery (p = 0.06). CONCLUSIONS: Our results confirm that ALI/ARDS after lung resection is associated with a high mortality in patients who require invasive MV and ICU care.     

HIV and lung

HIV-infection is characterized by a progressive immunodeficiency that predisposes affected persons to opportunistic infections and neoplasias. Pulmonary co-infections play a key role in HIV-infection as the airways are constantly exposed to aerosolized microorganisms during ventilation. In addition to the spectrum of microorganisms that are responsible for the development of community acquired pneumonia in immunocompetent hosts, persons with HIV-infection are vulnerable to infections with organisms that profit from the progressive cellular immune defects. Examples are infections with Pneumocystis jirovecii, non-tuberculous mycobacteria and viral pathogens. In contrast, tuberculosis can occur in all stages of HIV-infection. Following the HIV-pandemic, the incidence of tuberculosis has increased again in many areas of the world. The advent of antiretroviral therapies (ART) in recent years had resulted in a dramatic decrease of HIV-related morbidity and mortality in industrialized countries. As a result of the reconstitution of the immune-system under ARTs the incidence of pulmonary co-infections has also declined substantially in persons living with HIV in countries where these therapies are available.     

Outcomes and safety of surgical lung biopsy for interstitial lung disease

STUDY OBJECTIVES: To determine the safety of surgical lung biopsy (SLB) in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD), and specifically in those with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). DESIGN: Retrospective cohort. SETTING: Tertiary care university-affiliated military medical center. PATIENTS: Individuals undergoing SLB for suspected ILD. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: We examined outcomes for subjects with a clinical diagnosis of ILD who had been designated to undergo SLB. Mortality (assessed at 30 and 90 days) following SLB represented the primary end point. Morbidity resulting from complications from SLB served as a secondary end point. The cohort included 83 patients (mean [+/- SD] age, 57.3 +/- 14.2 years; men, 57.8%). IPF was eventually diagnosed in slightly more than half of the subjects. Overall, 30-day and 90-day mortality rates were low (4.8% and 6.0%, respectively). Subjects with IPF did well with SLB (30-day mortality rate, 7.1%) and did not face a higher risk of either death or complications relative to individuals with non-IPF forms of ILD. The only predictors of perioperative mortality were either the need for mechanical ventilation (MV) at the time of SLB or being immunosuppressed prior to undergoing SLB. Excluding persons who met either criterion yielded an overall 90-day post-SLB mortality rate of 1.5% in persons with IPF. Approximately 40% of patients in whom IPF was eventually diagnosed were initially thought to have another form of ILD. CONCLUSIONS: Persons with IPF tolerate SLB well. Requiring MV or being immunosuppressed is associated with an increased risk for death following SLB. Safety concerns should not preclude referral for SLB in patients who are clinically suspected of having IPF.