正常眼压老年人眼前段超声生物显微镜的研究

目的对比窄前房角和宽前房角老年人眼前段结构的形态特征。方法选取59-73岁正常眼压老年人41名(62眼)作为观察对象。根据房角镜检查分为窄房角组(32只眼)和宽房角组(30只眼),分别用A超及超声生物显微镜(UBM)检测前房深度、晶体厚度、眼轴长度、晶体相对位置测量,睫状体厚度、房角开放距离、小梁虹膜角、虹膜厚度、虹膜晶体接触距离,并且对比点1%匹罗卡品滴眼液前后眼前段结构的变化。结果与宽角眼相比,窄角眼前房浅、晶体厚度较大、相对晶体位置前移、睫状体薄、小梁虹膜角窄,房角开放距离小、虹膜厚度小、虹膜晶体接触距离较大;睫状体厚度与晶体厚度呈负相关(r1=-0.53,p<0.01;r2=-0.40,p<0.05),与前房深度成正相关(r1=-0.83,p<0.01;r2=-0.79,p<0.01);窄角眼点匹罗卡品后使小梁虹膜角增加,房角开放距离增加,睫状体厚度增加,虹膜晶体接触距离增加,虹膜厚度变小,前房深度减小。宽角眼点匹罗卡品后小梁虹膜角减小,前房深度减小,房角开放距离减小,虹膜厚度变小,睫状体厚度增加,虹膜晶体接触距离增加。点1%匹罗卡品滴眼液前后,两组的前房深度差值、小梁虹膜角差值、房角开放距离差值均有显著性差异(p<0.01),睫状体厚度差值、平均虹膜厚度差值、以及虹膜晶体接触距离差值均无显著性差异(p>0.05)。结论老年人窄前房角的眼前段结构预示,他们可能是发生闭角青光眼的高危人群。     

双氯芬酸胆碱滴眼液治疗化学性炎症实验研究

目的 探讨不同浓度双氯芬酸胆碱(diclofenac acid-choline,DAC)滴眼液的抗炎效果。方法 新西兰大白兔36只,按用药浓度随机分为3组,以斑蝥酊为刺激剂,造成化学性眼外伤的炎症模型。每组家兔均为右眼滴入此滴眼液为用药眼,左眼滴入生理盐水为对照眼。观察各组用药眼对角膜、虹膜、结膜化学性外伤性炎症的治疗效果。结果 0.50g/L、1.00g/L和2.00g/L 3种浓度的双氯芬酸胆碱滴眼液消除炎症反应积分评价,用药眼与对照眼差异有显著意义(P<0.05),1.00g/L和2.00g/L与0.50g/L滴眼液组之间比较差异有显著意义(P<0.05),1.00 g/L与2.00g/L组之间差异无显著意义(P>0.05)。结论 1.00 g/L双氯芬酸胆碱滴眼液可作为临床应用较适宜的浓度的参考。     

玻璃酸钠滴眼液联合软性角膜接触镜在翼状胬肉切除术后的早期应用

目的:探讨3g/L玻璃酸钠滴眼液联合软性角膜接触镜对翼状胬肉术后早期角膜上皮愈合及局部舒适度的影响.方法:选取90例90眼原发性单眼翼状胬肉患者,行翼状胬肉切除联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植术,术毕随机将患者分为3组,A组(研究组)术毕立即戴软性角膜接触镜,次日给予3g/L玻璃酸钠滴眼液及左氧氟沙星滴眼液点眼(4次/d),妥布霉素地塞米松眼膏涂眼(1次/晚),术后7d取下角膜接触镜;B组(常规用药组)常规予左氧氟沙星滴眼液点眼(4次/d),妥布霉素地塞米松眼膏涂眼(1次/晚);C组在B组的基础上加用3g/L玻璃酸钠滴眼液(4次/d).观察并比较各组术后角膜上皮愈合时间及不同时间点的眼部疼痛评分情况.结果:A组术后6h,1、3d疼痛评分均低于其余两组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后5、7d,三组疼痛评分无明显差异(P>0.05).术后第1d,三组均无完全愈合者;术后2d,A组的角膜上皮愈合率显著高于B组(P=0.015),而A组和C组及B组和C组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后3d,A组的角膜上皮完全愈合率均高于其余两组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:翼状胬肉术后早期应用3g/L玻璃酸钠滴眼液联合佩戴软性角膜接触镜可以加快角膜上皮缺损修复,减轻局部疼痛,显著改善患眼局部舒适度.     

局部应用两性霉素B脂质体滴眼治疗兔曲霉菌性角膜溃疡的效果

目的:探讨两性霉素B脂质体(AmBL)对兔实验性曲霉菌性角膜溃疡的治疗作用。方法:用40只新西兰白兔,采用角膜"#"形划痕法制作实验性曲霉菌性角膜溃疡模型,随机分为4组,每组10眼。A组应用5g/LAmBL滴眼液点眼,B组应用2.5g/LAmBL滴眼液点眼,C组应用5g/L两性霉素B滴眼液(AmBS)点眼,D组应用生理盐水点眼作对照。造模后第3d每15min点眼1次,共点眼4次,后改为每天点眼6次,并于造模后3,5,7,10,15d,用裂隙灯显微镜观察结膜充血,角膜水肿,角膜浸润的范围,角膜新生血管,房水闪辉,前方积脓的水平作为得分,并进行角膜刮片,角膜共焦纤维镜,角膜组织病理切片及培养观察真菌的生长程度。结果:A,B组造模后3,5d角膜水肿,角膜浸润范围,前房积脓,结膜充血均与其它组无明显差别,造模后7,10d,较其它组显著减轻,造模后15d,各组间无明显差异。A组,B组,与C组,D组在造模后7d角膜新生血管存在明显差异,造模后10d,15d无明显差异。4组间在造模后7,10d角膜刮片及角膜病理学检查存在明显差异,造模后15d无明显差异。结论:AmBL眼液能有效抑制曲霉菌性角膜溃疡的进展,5g/LAmBL及2.5g/LAmBL均有良好的耐受性,治疗效果无显著差异。     

基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂治疗碱烧伤后兔角膜融解的研究

目的研究基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂(GM 6001)在治疗兔角膜碱烧伤后角膜融解中的作用.方法将28只兔随机分为A、B组,将浸有2 mol/L(16只)及1 mol/L(12只)氢氧化钠的滤纸片分别置于A、B组兔右眼角膜上制备角膜重和中度碱烧伤模型;每组均设治疗和对照组,A、B治疗组术眼分别滴浓度为400及200 mg/L的GM 6001滴眼液,对照组滴药物基质液;均治疗30 d,然后处死动物.观察其角膜融解及混浊等情况,并进行病理组织学检查.结果 A组对照组8只兔眼角膜自伤后(13±5) d开始全部发生融解,2只兔眼发生角膜穿孔;治疗组,仅有2只兔眼烧伤后(19±4) d发生角膜融解,无角膜穿孔;两组角膜融解发生率及角膜穿孔率比较,差异有显著意义(P<0.05).治疗组角膜融解开始的时间亦明显迟于对照组(P＜0.05).B组对照组6只兔角膜自伤后(14±6) d全部融解,1只兔眼角膜穿孔;治疗组2只兔眼角膜自伤后(19±4) d融解,无角膜穿孔;两组角膜融解发生率间比较,差异有显著意义(P＜0.05);治疗组角膜混浊程度明显低于对照组(P＜0.01).病理检查结果显示治疗组角膜胶原纤维破坏轻,炎性细胞浸润明显少于对照组.结论 GM 6001可抑制和延迟碱烧伤后角膜融解的发生和发展,降低角膜胶原纤维的破坏及角膜组织中炎性细胞的浸润.     

选择性环氧化酶-2抑制剂在碱烧伤角膜新生血管中的作用

目的观察选择性环氧化酶-2(COX-2)抑制剂NS-398滴眼液对碱烧伤诱导的兔角膜新生血管的抑制效果,探讨其作用机制。方法采用碱烧伤制作兔角膜新生血管模型,随机分为3组:实验Ⅰ组,10μmol/LNS-398滴眼;实验Ⅱ组,50μmol/L NS-398滴眼液滴眼;对照组生理盐水滴眼。伤后每日裂隙灯显微镜观察角膜新生血管生长并计算其面积,并于3d、7d、10d、14d各时段,免疫组化S-P法检测COX-2和VEGF蛋白在角膜组织中的表达,分析其相关性。结果在伤后各时间段,角膜新生血管生长面积实验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组均低于对照组(P<0.05),COX-2和VEGF的表达实验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组均明显低于对照组(P<0.05),实验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组间比较无统计学意义(P>0.05),各组内COX-2和VEGF呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。结论COX-2、VEGF参与角膜新生血管形成,选择性COX-2抑制剂NS-398可明显抑制碱烧伤引起的兔角膜新生血管的生长,其抑制效果呈剂量依赖性。     

磁共振成像对活体兔结膜下药物注射后渗透性的评价作用

目的使用磁共振成像（magnetic resonance imag-ing,MRI）评价兔结膜下药物注射后的渗透性和清除率,探讨一种能够在活体内动态观察的眼部药代动力学检测方法。方法健康新西兰白兔24只,按随机数字表法分为3组,每组8只,取右眼作为实验眼,对侧眼作为对照眼。以MRI的造影剂钆喷酸葡胺（Gadolinium-diethylene triamine pentaaceticacids,Gd-DTPA）作为示踪剂,分别于结膜下注射0.5mol/L、0.05mol/L、0.005mol/L造影剂0.1ml,对照眼注射0.9%生理盐水0.1ml。采用MRI扫描仪,于注药后1h内每间隔15min左右扫描1次,2～3h内间隔30min左右扫描1次,通过MRI观察药物的渗透性、眼内分布及结膜下的清除速度。0.5mol/L组于术前和术后24h进行角膜内皮镜检查,观察角膜内皮细胞密度、内皮细胞面积变异系数、六边形细胞百分数和中央角膜厚度。使用Excel绘制信号增强率对时间曲线,采用配对t检验分析角膜内皮细胞密度变化。结果MRI扫描可见：0.5mol/L组前房及睫状体信号明显增强,而眼后段则未探测到高信号;0.05mol/L组前房信号无明显增强,接近注射位置的睫状体信号增强;0.005mol/L组眼前、后段的药物渗透浓度均低于MRI探测阈值。睫状体部位对药物经巩膜的被动转运阻力最低,结膜下药物的体积和浓度随时间逐渐下降。结膜下Gd-DTPA用药前后,0.5mol/L组的角膜内皮细胞密度、内皮细胞面积变异系数、六边形细胞百分数和中央角膜厚度差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论MRI作为非侵袭、动态、实时的检查方法可于活体内定量分析结膜下药物注射后的渗透效率,是对传统药代动力学研究方法的有力补充。     

H-1152对兔眼眼压及小梁组织超微结构的影响

目的观察H-1152对兔眼眼压以及小梁组织超微结构的影响,并探讨其作用机制。方法观察兔眼点用H-1152前后眼压变化,并用透射电镜分析兔眼小梁组织超微结构的变化。结果H-1152能明显降低兔眼眼压。局部点用10mmol/L的H-1152（50μL）后1～6h的眼压较对照组降低（P〈0.05）。点药后2h下降至最低点,较处理前降低50.6%。与对照组相比,点药后1～3h眼压下降最明显。电镜下可见小梁间间隙增大,小梁组织中细胞外基质（ECM）减少。结论H-1152可有效降低兔眼眼压,其作用机制可能是通过降解小梁通道的ECM,改变小梁通道的构型,使房水排出阻力减少,眼压降低。H-1152有望成为治疗青光眼的有效药物。     

普拉洛芬滴眼液治疗干眼症疗效观察

目的：观察1g/L普拉洛芬滴眼液治疗干眼症的疗效。方法：选择我院2011-01/12门诊诊断为干眼症的患者100例,随机分成A、B两组,A组：1g/L普拉洛芬滴眼液及1g/L玻璃酸钠滴眼液联合应用,4次/d点眼,1滴/次。B组：1g/L玻璃酸钠滴眼液单独应用,4次/d点眼,1滴/次。试验疗程为14d。所有的患者符合入选标准,用药前及用药后14d观察患者的问卷评分、SchirmerI试验、角膜荧光素染色评分。比较两组的结果,进行统计分析。结果：1g/L普拉洛芬滴眼液及1g/L玻璃酸钠滴眼液联合应用治疗干眼症患者的效果明显优于单纯使用1g/L玻璃酸钠滴眼液治疗组,两组结果差异有统计学意义。结论：1g/L普拉洛芬滴眼液治疗干眼症,对于缓解症状,改善角膜情况效果良好。     

环胞苷滴眼液点眼的眼内药代动力学研究

本文用[~3H]环胞苷滴眼液(0.1%)给兔点眼,观察了它的眼内通遥性和眼内药代动力学。结果表明,环胞苷滴眼液点眼后迅速透入兔眼各组织,其中角膜浓度最高,其次为虹膜一睫状体、房水,品状体和玻璃体中浓度极低。测得角膜上皮渗透性为3.19×10~(-4)。各组织中药物浓度半衰期分别为:泪液0.04hr、角膜3.04hr、房水1.77hr。     

Manganese-enhanced MRI studies of alterations of intraretinal ion demand in models of ocular injury

PURPOSE: To provide proof-of-concept that the extent of intraretinal manganese uptake after systemic MnCl(2) injection, detected with manganese-enhanced MRI (MEMRI), assesses alterations in intraretinal ion demand in models of ocular insult. METHODS: In Sprague-Dawley rats, retinal ion demand and thickness were measured from MEMRI data collected before, 4 hours after, or 1, 3, and 7 days after intraperitoneal injection of MnCl(2). Choroidal contribution or blood-retinal barrier permeability surface area product (BRB PS') was determined using MRI after Gd-DTPA injection. Ocular injury was evaluated 24 hours after intravitreal injection of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, vehicle) or PBS + ouabain, or after intraperitoneal injection of sodium iodate. Manganese retinal toxicity was assessed by comparing full-field, white-flash electroretinographic (ERG) data obtained before and after systemic MnCl(2) administration. Rat choroidal thickness was measured from cross-sections prepared from paraformaldehyde-perfused adult rats. RESULTS: Comparing pre- and post-Gd-DTPA images demonstrated minimal choroidal contribution to intraretinal analysis. Intraretinal signal intensity returned to baseline by 7 days after MnCl(2) injection. After ouabain injection, receptor and postreceptor uptake of manganese were subnormal (P < 0.05). After sodium iodate exposure, intraretinal manganese uptake was supernormal (P < 0.05) and did not increase with increasing BRB PS'. ERG data did not show any effect of MnCl(2) on photoreceptor a-wave and postreceptor b-wave relative to baseline at either observation time. CONCLUSIONS: MEMRI measurements of uptake of systemically administered and nontoxic doses of manganese appear to be a powerful approach for measuring alteration in intraretinal ion demand in models of ocular injury.     

Comparison of the effects of preserved and unpreserved formulations of timolol on the ocular surface of albino rabbits

Thirty-six albino rabbits, randomly divided into six groups, were used to study their ocular tolerance to (a) 0.25 and 0.50% Timoptol preserved with 0.01% benzalkonium chloride, (b) 0.25 and 0.50% Timoptol-LP, a gel-forming solution preserved with 0. 012% benzododecinium bromide, and (c) 0.25 and 0.50% Timabak unpreserved in the ABAK eyedrops dispenser. All eyedrops were applied in the right eye for 60 days. A clinical follow-up with slitlamp examination and break-up time evaluation was performed for 2 months. At the end of the experimentation, the animals were sacrificed and their eyes enucleated for histological analyses of the conjunctiva and cornea. There was no significant difference in the clinical examination between each group, except for the break-up time evaluation between Timoptol and Timabak at each concentration which was better with the unpreserved timolol. Histological results showed a significant difference in the corneal stroma edema between preserved and unpreserved timolol. This study confirms that using unpreserved timolol may be beneficial for the long-term treatment of glaucomatous patients as it increases tear film stability and decreases epithelial permeability and stromal aggression of the cornea.     

Trehalose protects against ocular surface disorders in experimental murine dry eye through suppression of apoptosis

The disaccharide trehalose is a key element involved in anhydrobiosis (the capability of surviving almost complete dehydration) in many organisms. Its presence also confers resistance to desiccation and high osmolarity in bacterial and human cells by protecting proteins and membranes from denaturation. The present study used a novel murine dry eye model induced by controlled low-humidity air velocity to determine whether topically applied trehalose could heal ocular surface epithelial disorders caused by ocular surface desiccation. In addition, the efficacy of 87.6 mM trehalose eyedrops was compared with that of 20% serum, the efficacy of which has been well documented. Mice ocular surface epithelial disorders were induced by exposure of murine eyes to continuous controlled low-humidity air velocity in an intelligently controlled environmental system (ICES) for 21 days, which accelerated the tear evaporation. The mice were then randomized into three groups: the control group received PBS (0.01M) treatment; a second group received 87.6 mM trehalose eyedrops treatment; and the third group received mice serum eyedrops treatment. Each treatment was administered as a 10 μl dose every 6 h for 14 days. The resultant changes in corneal barrier function and histopathologic examination of cornea and conjunctiva were analyzed and the level of apoptosis on the ocular surface was assessed using active caspase-3. After 14 days of treatment, the corneal fluorescein staining area, the ruffling and desquamating cells on the apical corneal epithelium, as well as the apoptotic cells on ocular surface epithelium had significantly reduced in eyes treated with trehalose compared with those treated with serum and PBS. In contrast, after 14 days of treatment, improvements in the thickness of the corneal epithelium, the squamous metaplasia in conjunctival epithelium and the number of goblet cells of the conjunctiva were less marked in eyes treated with trehalose compared with serum. These results demonstrated that trehalose could improve the appearance of ocular surface epithelial disorders due to desiccation through suppression of apoptosis. Trehalose produces some of the same responses as serum upon topical application and can maintain corneal health.     

基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂GM-6001对大鼠角膜碱烧伤后新生血管的抑制作用

目的:研究基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂GM-6001对大鼠角膜碱性烧伤后角膜新生血管的抑制作用。方法:取健康成年Wistar大鼠20只,随机分成实验组和对照组,每组10只。两组均建立大鼠角膜碱性烧伤模型。实验组滴用GM-6001滴眼液、氧氟沙星滴眼液和硫酸软骨素滴眼液;对照组滴用氧氟沙星滴眼液和硫酸软骨素滴眼液;各种滴眼液每日点眼4次,共7d。裂隙灯下观察角膜溃疡和角膜新生血管生长情况。结果:碱烧伤后实验组和对照组出现新生血管的时间无显著差异(P>0.05)。新生血管的生长长度与生长面积,在伤后1d和3d,实验组和对照组无显著差异(P>0.05);在伤后5d和7d,实验组和对照组有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论:基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂GM-6001点眼对角膜新生血管的生长有抑制作用。     

Noninvasive and simultaneous imaging of layer-specific retinal functional adaptation by manganese-enhanced MRI

PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis that high-resolution (23.4 microm intraretinal resolution) manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) can be used to noninvasively and simultaneously record from distinct layers of the rat retina cellular demand for ions associated with functional adaptation. METHODS: In control rats, high-resolution images were collected with or without systemic injection of MnCl2 during light or dark adaptation; inner and outer retinal signal intensities were compared. In separate experiments, 1 month after systemic administration of MnCl2 to awake dark-adapted control rats, possible toxic effects of Mn2+ on ocular health were assessed with the use of the following metrics: retinal layer thickness, intraocular pressure, and blood retinal barrier integrity. RESULT: In nonmanganese-injected rats, the signal intensity difference between light and dark states for inner and outer retina was not significantly different (P>0.05). In contrast, after manganese administration, the change in outer retinal signal intensity under light/dark conditions was significantly greater than that of inner retina. At 1 month after MnCl2 injection, comparisons with controls revealed no evidence for deleterious ocular health effects as assessed by whole and inner retinal thickness, intraocular pressure, and blood retinal barrier integrity. CONCLUSIONS: The present MEMRI examination was a safe (i.e., nontoxic) and relatively straightforward procedure that appeared to robustly reflect layer-specific retinal ion demand that correlates with normal retinal physiology responses associated with light and dark visual processing. Comprehensive MEMRI measures of retinal ion demand may be envisioned in a range of animal models for the study of normal development and aging.     

蛹虫草提取物联合地塞米松抑制大鼠角膜新生血管

目的:观察蛹虫草提取物(cordyceps militaris extract,CME)联合地塞米松(dexamethasone,Dex)对大鼠角膜新生血管的抑制作用。方法:对48只大鼠采用碱烧伤法制作大鼠角膜新生血管模型,后随机分为3组:A组为模型对照组,B组为CME治疗组,C组为CME联合Dex治疗组。造模后每组均隔日注射给药,A组给予生理盐水结膜下注射,B组给予CME10mg球结膜下注射,C组给予CME10mg球结膜下注射,另外给予0.25g/L Dex滴眼液点眼,3次/d。于术后4,8,14d测量角膜新生血管的生长面积,并测量角膜组织中VEGF及其mRNA的表达情况。结果:造模后联合用药组的大鼠角膜新生血管生长面积较模型对照组及CME治疗组明显减少,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:CME联合Dex更能明显抑制碱烧伤所致大鼠角膜新生血管的生长。     

维生素A对角膜移植排斥反应后结膜杯状细胞的影响

目的:探讨维生素A对角膜移植排斥反应后结膜杯状细胞的影响。方法:建立大鼠角膜移植排斥反应模型,随机分3组:A,B,C组为SD-Wistar大鼠行同种异体角膜移植术,SD鼠为受体,Wistar鼠为供体,其中A组为空白对照组,B组为(维生素A)诺沛凝胶滴眼液组,C组为1g/L地塞米松滴眼液组,另设D组为正常眼组。术后不同时间裂隙灯显微镜记录及比较各组角膜移植排斥指数(Rejection Index,RI)。通过结膜组织学切片HE,PAS染色,并运用显微图像分析系统对结膜上皮杯状细胞数量及形态进行分析。结果:观察期间检测结膜杯状细胞发现,A,B,C组杯状细胞数量均少于D组(P<0.01);A,B,C组内部比较,以C组数量为多,其次为B组,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:维生素A具有保护角膜移植引起的结膜杯状细胞减少的作用。     

Effect of beta-blocker eyedrops on corneal epithelial barrier function

To investigate the long-term effect of a topically applied beta-blocker on human corneal epithelium, the corneal epithelial barrier function and the superficial cell area of the corneal epithelium were evaluated. Seventeen normal healthy volunteers (without medication), 7 cataract patients (treated with pyrenoxine eyedrops) and 7 glaucoma or ocular hypertension patients (treated with 0.5% timolol maleate) were assigned to this study. The eyedrops had been used on a daily basis for at least 3 months. In the evaluation of corneal epithelial barrier function, fluorescein uptake was measured using a slitlamp fluorophotometer after application of 3 microl of 0.5% fluorescein for 10 min. In the evaluation of the superficial cell area, the central corneal epithelium was measured by tandem scanning confocal microscopy (TSCM). The healthy control and timolol groups were compared. Corneal fluorescein uptake in the healthy control, pyrenoxine and timolol groups was 20.3 +/- 3.2, 21.5 +/- 4.0 and 76.2 +/- 30.0 ng/ml (mean +/- standard error), respectively. There was a significantly higher fluorescein uptake in the timolol group compared to the pyrenoxine group (p = 0.0088) and the healthy control group (p = 0.0055). TSCM showed no significant difference in the superficial cell areas of the corneal epithelium between the healthy control and timolol groups. beta-Blocker eyedrops decreased the corneal epithelial barrier function. Their application was not accompanied by any biomicroscopic change in the superficial cell area.     

Survival of rabbit limbal stem cell allografts after administration of cyclosporin A.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of systemic or topical administration of cyclosporin A (CsA) after limbal transplantation of stem cell allografts in rabbits. METHODS: Thirty-six rabbits underwent corneal epithelial debridement and limbal ablation to induce ocular surface disease and were then treated by limbal allograft transplantation. Animals received either systemic CsA (10 mg/kg per day, intramuscularly), 1% CsA eyedrops, or vehicle eyedrops immediately after transplantation and 28 days thereafter. Concentration of CsA in plasma and aqueous humor was determined by fluorescence polarization immunoassay after 4 weeks of therapy. Graft survival was inspected clinically. RESULTS: Both systemic and topical administration of CsA resulted in a significant prolongation of graft survival. In addition, one of seven of the limbal allografts in either group of systemic and topical CsA survived >60 days on cessation of CsA. There was no significant difference in mean survival time between systemic and topical application, although plasma levels of CsA were significantly higher after systemic administration. However, a significant higher aqueous concentration was found in topical treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Limbal allografts were stable in maintaining the reconstructed ocular surface under attentive postoperative immunosuppression. Topically administered CsA was as effective as systemic use.     

Effect of vitamin A on the conjunctival goblet cells of rat after corneal transplantation

AIM: To investigate the effect of vitamin A on the conjunctival goblet cells of rat after corneal transplantation. · METHODS: Rat graft rejection models of corneal transplant- ation were established. SD rats were receptor and Wistar rats were donors. After corneal allografts were performed, 48 SD rats were randomly divided into three groups, 16 rats in each group. Group A was blank control group; group B was treated by oculotect gel (containing vitamin A); group C was treated by 1g/L dexamethasone eyedrops. Besides, group D was normal unoperated eyes. Slit-lamp microscope was employed to record and compare rejection index (RI) of corneal transplantation. By HE, PAS staining of conjunctival histological sections and image analysis system, the number and morphology of conjunctival goblet cells were observed and analyzed between operation group and normal group. · RESULTS: The HE, PAS staining detection showed that the number of conjunctival goblet cells in oculotect gel group, 1g/L dexamethasone eyedrops group and control group is lower than that in normal group after surgery (P <0.01). The number of conjunctival goblet cells in oculotect gel group and 1g/L dexamethasone eyedrops group is higher than that in control group (P <0.05). The number of conjunctival goblet cells in 1g/L dexamethasone eyedrops group is higher than that in oculotect gel group (P <0.05). · CONCLUSION: The results indicate that vitamin A may inhibit the decrease of conjunctival goblet cells after corneal allograft rejection in rats.