小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除术与超声乳化吸除术的疗效观察

目的通过比较小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除术与超声乳化白内障吸除术，探讨更适合在基层医院以及医疗扶贫行动中推广应用的手术方法。方法抽取200例（200只眼）白内障患者，其中小切口非超声乳化手术118例（118只眼），超声乳化吸除术82例（82只眼）。对比观察两种手术术后视力恢复情况、术中术后的并发症，以及两种手术方法的手术成本。结果小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除术及超声乳化白内障吸除术在术后视力、术中术后并发症和患者满意度在远期均无显著差异，而手术成本小切口非超声乳化术明显低于超声乳化吸除术。结论小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除术更适合在基层医院以及医疗扶贫行动中推广应用。     

白内障小切口手法摘除术与超声乳化吸出术临床疗效比较观察

目的比较小切口白内障摘除术与超声乳化吸出术对术后视力、角膜散光、手术并发症的影响。方法随机选择102例（102只眼）白内障分别行小切口手法非超声乳化摘除与超声乳化吸出术,观察两组术后临床疗效。结果术后3个月手法组及超声乳化组的散光分别为（1.58±0.89）D及（1.57±0.88）D,术后最好矫正视力大于0.3者分别为95.02%及95.89%,角膜水肿于术后半个月后均消退。结论术后3个月两种手术方式疗效相近,无超声乳化仪的基层医院可推广白内障小切口手法摘除术。     

小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶状体植入术的临床分析

目的:探讨小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除及人工晶状体植入术的临床疗效。方法:老年性白内障285例285眼行小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除及人工晶状体植入术,术前充分散瞳,在手术显微镜下完成手术,对术中、术后情况进行观察。结果:术后视力都有不同程度的提高。术后1d裸眼视力>0.3者265眼(93.0%),≥0.5者245眼(86.0%)。结论:小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除术有切口愈合快、术后反应小、减少术后散光,易于防止和处理术中发生的暴发性脉络膜上腔出血,其并发症少等优点。     

小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除术与超声乳化白内障吸除术的对比

目的：对比分析小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除术与超声乳化白内障吸除术的临床应用效果。

方法：选取2010-03/2013-02收治的老年性白内障患者93例124眼随机分为两组,42例59眼行小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除术(SICS组),51例65眼行超声乳化白内障吸除术(Phaco组),比较两组患者术后视力、角膜散光、手术源性散光及术中、术后并发症。

结果：术后1d; 1wk两组患者视力≥0.5分别为SICS组38眼(64.4%),41眼(69.5%),Phaco组29眼(44.6%),32眼(49.2%),SICS组的视力优于Phaco组(χ²=4.877,5.243,P<0.05)。术后1,3mo两组视力≥0.5眼数比较差异无统计学意义(χ²=0.005,0.085,P>0.05)。平均角膜散光采用重复测量设计方差分析：组内比较不同时间有统计学意义(F=25.624,P<0.05),且有随时间降低的趋势; 组间比较无统计学意义(F=0.986,P>0.05),两组患眼术后1wk平均角膜散光较术前增大,差异有统计学意义(t=2.906,2.427,P<0.05)。术后1wk; 1mo Phaco组手术源性散光SIA均低于SICS组(t=-4.628,2.770,P<0.05),术后3mo两组SIA对比差异无统计学意义(t=0.754,P>0.05), 组内比较和组间比较不同时间的SIA均有统计学意义(F=26.37,P<0.05,F=14.29,P<0.05)。两组患者术中后囊膜破裂、术后角膜水肿、前房色素膜反应对比差异无统计学意义。

结论：小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除术与超声乳化白内障吸除术对比,两种手术术后效果相近,对于白内障的治疗方案选择,白内障超声乳化手术并非唯一最佳手术方案,在缺少超乳设备的边远地区,选择小切口非超声乳化手术同样可以达到与超乳手术接近的术后视觉效果。     

超声乳化与非超声乳化白内障摘除术的临床对照研究

目的：对比分析小切口超声乳化和非超声乳化白内障摘除术的临床效果。方法：选取白内障患者172例,以随机数字法分为两组（n=86）; Phaco组采用小切口超声乳化白内障吸除和人工晶状体植入术,Siecs组采用小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除和人工晶状体植入术; 并分别于术后3d; 1,6mo和末次随访进行功能测定,对比组间视力、眼内压、前房深度、平均角膜曲率（average corneal power, ACP）、角膜表面散光值（cylinder, CYL）和角膜表面不对称指数（surface asymmetry index, SAI）及手术并发症。结果：术后3d,Phaco组视力情况显著优于Siecs组（P〈0.05）,CYL、SAI和眼内压显著低于Siecs组（P〈0.05）; 术后1mo,Phaco组视力情况显著优于Siecs组（P〈0.05）,CYL,SAI和眼内压稍低于Siecs组,但无组间差异（P〉0.05）; 术后6mo,Phaco组视力情况依然稍优于Siecs组,但无组间差异（P〉0.05）,CYL,SAI和眼内压与Siecs组持平（P〉0.05）; 此外,两组患者的ACP与前房深度各时间点测定值无组间差异（P〉0.05）。在术后并发症方面,两组患者的总发生率相仿（P〉0.05）; 但有个体差异,Phaco组Ⅱ,Ⅲ级核患者的发生率显著低于Siecs组（P〈0.05）,Ⅳ级核患者的发生率显著高于Siecs组（P〈0.05）。结论：超声乳化白内障摘除术治疗Ⅱ,Ⅲ级核白内障患者可获得更好的疗效,但对于Ⅳ级核病变患者并发症风险较高,可考虑小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除术。     

扭动超声乳化白内障摘除术的疗效观察

目的:观察扭动超声乳化白内障摘出术治疗Ⅲ级以上硬核白内障的临床疗效。方法:将63例(78眼)III级以上硬核白内障单病种患者随机分为A、B两组,其中A组37眼行常规超声乳化白内障摘除术,B组41眼行扭动超声乳化白内障摘除术。术中观察前房稳定性,能量释放及时间,术后第1,7d观察角膜水肿,前房反应和视力情况。结果:术中B组前房稳定性优于A组(P<0.05);术中能量使用及超声时间明显少于A组,术后第1,7dB组角膜水肿情况明显少于A组(P<0.05);术后第1,7dB组视力恢复明显好于A组(P<0.05)。结论:扭动超声乳化白内障摘除术是一种安全、高效、疗效好的手术方式,尤其对于硬核白内障的处理,优于传统超声乳化白内障摘出术。     

小切口无缝线非超声乳化白内障摘除术疗效观察

目的　探讨小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除术的临床效果。方法　对 2 13例 (2 2 4只眼 )老年性白内障行隧道小切口、手法切核、分块出核、囊袋内植入人工晶状体。观察术后视力、角膜散光及并发症。结果　术后 1周及 1月裸眼或球镜矫正视力≥ 0 .5者分别为 89.74%、92 .86% ;术后 1周及 3月角膜散光分别为 (1.2 3± 0 .75 ) D、(0 .82± 0 .61) D。术后 3月角膜散光接近术前角膜散光。结论　小切口无缝线非超声乳化白内障摘除术疗效可靠     

小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除术两种娩核法的疗效比较

目的：通过对小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除术中黏弹剂娩核法与晶状体圈匙娩核法的疗效比较,探讨更适合在基层医院中推广应用的手术方法。方法：抽取白内障患者146例166眼随机分为两组,对照组78例84眼,晶状体圈匙娩核; 试验组68例82眼,黏弹剂娩核。对比观察两种手术术后视力恢复情况及术中术后的并发症情况。结果：小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除术黏弹剂娩核法与晶状体圈匙娩核法相比,两者术后后囊膜破裂的发生率相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。术后视力,散光度及术后并发症比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。 结论： 同晶状体圈匙娩核法治疗白内障相比较,黏弹剂娩核法能有效保护晶状体后囊膜,可在小切口白内障手术中进行推广。     

非超声乳化小切口与现代囊外白内障摘除术临床比较

目的:比较非超声乳化小切口与现代囊外白内障摘除术对术后视力、角膜散光、角膜水肿的影响。方法:对158例(174眼)分别施行非超声乳化小切口与现代囊外摘除术,术后观察视力、角膜散光、角膜水肿。结果:两组患者术后角膜散光有差异性(P<0.05),术后视力无差异性(P>0.05),核硬度Ⅰ～Ⅱ级的患者,两种术式对角膜水肿无影响(P>0.05),核硬度Ⅲ～Ⅳ级患者,两种术式对角膜水肿有差异性(P<0.05)。结论:对年龄大晶状体核硬的患者,虽然现代囊外摘除术后散光大一些,但视力不受影响,对角膜水肿影响小,故应选用白内障现代囊外摘除术,对于晶状体核小者,选择非超声乳化小切口手术。     

低倍镜补偿景深超声乳化手术和小切口白内障手术对比观察

目的：观察低倍镜补偿景深下超声乳化白内障摘除术和小切口白内障囊外摘除术的临床疗效。方法：回顾性分析869例1258眼白内障患者手术治疗的情况,其中采用超声乳化白内障摘除手术者共计247例432眼;采用小切口白内障摘除术者共计622例826眼,对患者的术后视力、角膜内皮计数、角膜水肿情况及并发症进行统计学分析。
　　结果：两组患者术后1wk,1mo 视力恢复情况和术后1d 角膜水肿情况无统计学差异(P >0.05);角膜内皮计数损失,小切口白内障摘除手术组较超声乳化白内障摘除组略好(P<0.05)。
　　结论：基层医院手术显微镜景深不够清晰的情况下,仍可采用低倍镜补偿景深开展小切口白内障囊外摘除术和超声乳化白内障摘除术。     

超声乳化术与小切口非超声乳化术治疗白内障疗效比较

目的：比较超声乳化术与小切口非超声乳化术治疗老年性白内障的临床疗效。

方法：白内障患者355例393眼分成A、B两组,其中A组180例193眼施行小切口非超声乳化白内障手术,B组175例200眼施行超声乳化白内障手术。术后观察视力、角膜散光、角膜内皮细胞计数情况。

结果：术后1d,患者视力恢复情况超声乳化手术组明显优于小切口非超声乳化手术组,但术后7d和30d两组无显著差异。术后7d,小切口非超声乳化组角膜散光度明显高于超声乳化组,但术后30d无显著性差异。对核硬度在Ⅳ～Ⅴ级的患者,超声乳化术后角膜内皮细胞计数少于小切口非超声乳化组,统计学分析有显著差异。

结论：应针对老年性白内障患者核硬度的具体情况,选择合适的手术方式进行治疗。     

Phacoemulsification with indocyanine green versus manual expression extracapsular cataract extraction for advanced cataract

PURPOSE: To compare the outcomes of indocyanine green dye (ICG)-assisted phacoemulsification with manual expression extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) in eyes with advanced cataract. SETTING: Parkland Memorial Hospital and Dallas Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA. METHODS: In this retrospective study, 72 consecutive cases of advanced or mature cataract extractions performed in a 1-year period were reviewed. Fifty-nine eyes met the inclusion and exclusion criteria; 33 had ICG-assisted phacoemulsification and 26, manual expression ECCE. Preoperative and intraoperative findings and the postoperative outcomes up to 6 months were analyzed. RESULTS: Intraoperative complications included posterior capsule tear with vitreous prolapse in 2 eyes (6.6%) and conversion to manual expression ECCE in 1 eye (3.3%) in the ICG phacoemulsification group. There was no intraoperative complication in the manual expression ECCE group. There were significantly more patients with a best corrected visual acuity of 20/30 or better in the ICG phacoemulsification group than in the manual expression ECCE group at all postoperative periods. The mean logMAR visual acuities were significantly better in the ICG phacoemulsification group at all postoperative intervals. The ICG phacoemulsification group had significantly less postoperative astigmatism. There was no significant difference between the groups in the early postoperative intraocular pressure. CONCLUSIONS: Phacoemulsification with ICG led to better postoperative visual acuity and less postoperative astigmatism than manual expression ECCE. Phacoemulsification with ICG was associated with more intraoperative complications than manual expression ECCE; however, the complication rate is comparable to a previously published rate for phacoemulsification performed in a university training program. Phacoemulsification with ICG appears to be a reasonable alternative to manual expression ECCE for advanced cataract.     

Small-incision manual extracapsular cataract surgery in Ghana,West Africa

PURPOSE: To evaluate the results of small-incision manual extracapsular cataract extraction surgery (ECCE) in a district hospital in West Africa. SETTING: Margret Marquart Catholic Hospital, Ghana, West Africa. METHODS: This prospective study consisted of 200 eyes of 193 patients who had small-incision manual ECCE between January 1999 and May 2000. For comparison, the charts of 32 patients (32 eyes) operated on between July and December 1998 using a limbal incision (control group) were retrospectively analyzed. Outcome measures included intraoperative and postoperative complications, postoperative visual acuity, and refractive astigmatism. RESULTS: In the small-incision ECCE group, self-sealing wounds were achieved in 129 eyes (64.5%). Vitreous loss occurred in approximately 3% of eyes in both the small-incision and control groups. The final visual acuities were similar between the 2 groups, with more than 90% of eyes in both groups achieving a final best corrected visual acuity of at least 20/60. Eyes in the small-incision group had faster visual recovery (P <.001), a lower incidence of fibrinous iritis (P =.02), and were more likely to have round pupils (P <.001) than eyes in the control group. The main complication of small-incision surgery was moderate corneal edema, which persisted until at least the 1-week visit in 14 eyes (7%). At the most recent visit, 1 eye in the small-incision group (0.5%) had bullous keratopathy. CONCLUSION: In a district hospital in West Africa, small-incision manual ECCE surgery yielded faster visual rehabilitation and had a lower incidence of fibrinous iritis than standard ECCE surgery.     

小切口囊外摘除术与超声乳化术治疗白内障疗效比较

目的：探究小切口囊外摘除术与超声乳化术对白内障患者角膜内皮细胞数目、黄斑区厚度及手术源性角膜散光的影响。

方法：回顾性研究。选取我院2019-05/2023-02收治的年龄相关性白内障患者296例296眼。根据手术方式分为小切口囊外摘除术组144眼与超声乳化术组152眼。比较两组患者术前，术后7d，1、3mo裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力、角膜内皮细胞数目、黄斑区厚度、手术源性角膜散光及术后并发症发生情况。

结果：小切口囊外摘除术组患者术后7d裸眼视力和最佳矫正视力均优于超声乳化术组，术后7d， 1、3mo角膜内皮细胞数目均高于超声乳化术组，术后7d， 1mo黄斑区厚度均低于超声乳化术组，术后角膜水肿发生率及总并发症发生率均低于超声乳化术组(均P<0.05)，但术后1、7d， 1、3mo手术源性角膜散光值与超声乳化术组比较均无差异(P>0.05)。

结论：相较于超声乳化术，小切口囊外摘除术术后角膜内皮细胞数目及黄斑区厚度变化较小，视力恢复更快，并发症减少。     

角膜地形图引导下白内障手术切口对角膜散光的矫正

目的:比较不同位置和形态的手术切口对白内障摘除术后角膜散光及裸眼视力的影响。方法:选取术前角膜散光值>1.00D的白内障患者43例52眼,将患者随机分成两组,A组患者采用超声乳化白内障吸除联合人工晶状体植入术,手术切口为位于上方10∶30～11∶30的透明角膜隧道切口。B组患者采用手法碎核白内障摘除联合人工晶状体植入术,其中角膜散光值为1.00～2.00D的患者,切口为位于角膜最大屈光度径线的直线形巩膜隧道切口,长度为6.0～7.0mm,角膜散光值>2.00D的患者,在上述直线形切口对侧角膜缘处,另作一弧形板层松解切口。分别于术后2wk,3mo随访患者,检查裸眼视力及行角膜地形图检查。结果:B组患者术后2wk,3mo裸眼视力好于A组。B组患者术后角膜散光度在术后2wk,3mo时均小于A组。结论:位于角膜最大屈光度径线的6.0～7.0mm直线形巩膜隧道切口,及此切口联合作对侧弧形板层松解切口均能有效矫正白内障术前存在的角膜散光,能够使患者获得更好的术后裸眼视力。     

改良小切口手法碎核在白内障摘除术中的临床应用

目的探讨改良小切口白内障手法碎核摘除术的手术技术和临床应用效果。方法前瞻性病例研究116例(116只眼)随机分为两组:手法碎核58例(58只眼)1-3级核老年性白内障行3.2mm带球结膜的角巩膜缘隧道式切口的晶状体手法碎核摘除术,采用宽3.0mm的晶体碎核垫板作为垫板,以晶体定位钩作为劈核器进行劈核、分核、转核等方法。超声乳化组58例(58只眼),1-3级核老年性白内障行3.2mm透明角膜切口,常规超声乳化吸出术,采用劈核技术。观察比较两组术中、术后并发症,术后视力、角膜水肿情况、角膜内皮平均丢失率及术后角膜散光情况等变化。结果两组术中均无晶状体后囊破裂、晶体悬韧带断裂或虹膜损伤等并发症。手法碎核术后视力24小时视力:0.1-0.5者32只眼,占55%,0.5-0.8者26只占45%。超声乳化术后24小时视力:0.1-0.5者36只眼,占62%,0.5-0.8者22只眼占38%。两组术后1d,3d,一周,一个月,三个月视力,角膜内皮细胞平均丢失率,角膜散光变化值,两组数据比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论对于晶状体核硬一到三级核的白内障行3.2mm带球结膜的角巩膜隧道式切口,手法碎核摘除白内障术中可控性好,手术安全简单,其手术效果与切口同样大小的超声乳化手术效果相当,且术后患者只有轻度异物感,视力恢复快,术后感染率低。为手法小切口白内障手术提供一种更为安全有效俭省的手术方法。     

硬核白内障的两种手术方式疗效分析

目的:比较硬核白内障的两种不同手术方法及其术后视力恢复、术中术后并发症,对手术方法及疗效进行评价。方法:于2009-02/2010-03选取Ⅳ～Ⅴ级硬核白内障患者79例84眼,年龄60～80岁,患白内障时间为8～15a不等,按入院的先后顺序随机化分成超声乳化组42眼,小切口非超声乳化组42眼,分别比较两组术后1,3d;1wk;1mo时的视力、角膜散光程度和角膜内皮细胞密度、术中术后并发症。结果:患者84眼随访0.5～24(平均15)mo。小切口非超声乳化组术后1,3d视力较超声乳化组恢复快,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);术后1wk;1mo时两组间视力无显著性差异;术后第1wk超声乳化组较小切口非超声乳化组角膜散光小,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01),术后1mo时差异无显著性意义;术后1wk和1mo角膜内皮细胞密度小切口非超声乳化组较高,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);术中并发症两组无显著性差异;在术后并发症中的角膜水肿、房水闪辉方面超声乳化组较小切口非超声乳化组重,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论:小切口非超声乳化摘除术应用于硬核白内障术后的视力恢复较快。该手术安全、实用、经济、创伤小、技术难度小、并发症少。     

Comparing phacoemulsification and extracapsular cataract extraction in eyes with pseudoexfoliation syndrome, small pupil, and phacodonesis

BACKGROUND: This study aims to compare the frequency of intraoperative and postoperative complications between the modern phacoemulsification technique and the extracapsular cataract extraction technique in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective randomized study comprised 94 eyes with cataract, pseudoexfoliation syndrome, small pupil and slight to moderate phacodonesis. These eyes were randomly assigned into two groups. In the first group all patients (47 eyes) were operated on using a standard phacoemulsification technique (iris hooks, anterior capsule staining and capsular tension ring after capsulorhexis), while in the second group all patients (47 eyes) underwent a classic extracapsular cataract extraction. The main outcome measures were the frequency of intraoperative zonular tears, capsular rupture, vitreous loss and corneal edema, as well as the best-corrected visual acuity. RESULTS: Intraoperative zonular separation was recorded in one eye (2.1 %) and in 15 eyes (31.9 %) for the first and second groups, respectively (P < 0.001). Posterior capsule rupture with or without zonular separation occurred in two eyes (4.2 %) of the first group and in eight eyes (17.0 %) of the second group (P < 0.05). Vitreous loss also had a higher rate in the second group (17.0 % versus 4.2 %, P < 0.05). The postoperative difference in best-corrected visual acuity was also significant between the two groups, being higher in patients operated on using phacoemulsification technique (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In the difficult cases of cataract associated with pseudoexfoliation syndrome, small pupil and phacodonesis, the modern small-incision cataract surgery provides better results with a low rate of intraoperative and postoperative complications when compared with the extracapsular cataract extraction technique.     

小切口植入折叠式人工晶体的临床观察

目的探讨能够在术后早期迅速恢复视力的白内障术式。方法对三组１３１例老年性白内障分别采用３．５、６．５ｍｍ巩膜隧道和１１ｍｍ角巩缘切口，施行白内障超声乳化摘除及折叠式人工晶体植入术、超声乳化摘除及一体型人工晶体植入术和囊外摘除及一体型人工晶体植入术。结果术后第３天的平均裸眼视力分别为１．０４、０．５１和０．４６，达到正常视力的比例分别为６２．７５％、１２．５０％和８．９３％，前者与后两者比较，差异均有显著性（ｔ检验，Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论采用３．５ｍｍ无缝线切口施行白内障超声乳化摘除及折叠式人工晶体植入术可使术后视力早期恢复