不同部位子宫内膜异位症与血清CA125水平的关系

目的:探讨血清CA125水平与不同部位的子宫内膜异位症之间的相关性。方法:选择经手术或腹腔镜确诊的内异症患者63例和排除内异症的对照组30例,按内异症发生部位的不同分为3组:Ⅰ组(卵巢内异组)34例;Ⅱ组(阴道直肠隔内异组)15例;Ⅲ组(腹壁切口内异组)14例。Ⅳ组为对照组,系临床和病理检查排除了内异症的健康者。术前采取空腹静脉血,用化学发光法测定各组血清中CA125水平。结果:(1)卵巢内异组、阴道直肠内异组的血清CA125水平均显著高于对照组(P<0·05);腹壁切口内异组CA125水平显著低于卵巢内异组(P<0·05),而与阴道直肠隔内异症组、对照组比较无统计学差异(P>0·05);(2)以血清CA125≥35U/ml为临界值,CA125诊断各组内异症的敏感性分别为:卵巢内异症52·94%,阴道直肠内异症40·00%,腹壁切口内异症21·43%。诊断特异性为96·67%。结论:CA125在诊断子宫内膜异位症发生方面具有一定的价值,但并不是敏感指标。单凭血清CA125不能鉴别不同部位的子宫内异症。     

血清CA125和CA199与子宫内膜异位症患者术后妊娠率关系研究

目的探讨术前血清CA125和CA199水平与子宫内膜异位症合并不孕患者术后妊娠率的关系。方法随访汕头市中心医院2012年1月至2015年6月138例手术治疗的子宫内膜异位症患者,分析术前血清CA125、CA199水平与内异症的严重程度、术后自然妊娠率的关系,以及内异症的严重程度与患者术后自然妊娠率的关系。结果术前血清CA125、CA199水平与子宫内膜异位症的严重程度显著相关(P=0.001,P=0.018);术后自然妊娠组的CA125、CA199水平低于未妊娠组(CA125的中位数两组分别为49.00 k U/L,53.38 k U/L;CA199的中位数两组分别为15.11 k U/L,23.48 k U/L),但其差异无统计学意义(P值分别为0.770、0.407)。对于不同程度的内异症(Ⅰ~Ⅱ期,Ⅲ~Ⅳ期),术后的自然妊娠率差异无统计学意义(61.5%,65.0%)。结论术前CA125、CA199水平对预测术后自然妊娠率无重要价值,Ⅲ~Ⅳ期患者术后妊娠率与Ⅰ~Ⅱ期类似,故皆可考虑先期待自然妊娠。     

子宫内膜异位症非手术诊断方法探讨

目的:评价子宫内膜异位症常见临床指标用于非手术诊断的价值。方法:因痛经、不育或盆腔包块住院行腹腔镜手术的育龄患者331例,术前纪录患者年龄、病程、初潮年龄、月经周期、月经期天数、结婚年龄或第一次性交年龄、孕产次、剖宫产史、继发性痛经、慢性盆腔疼痛、性交痛以及不育,阳性体征(宫骶韧带触痛结节、子宫直肠窝触痛结节或附件包块,具有三者之一者即为阳性),超声波检查(包块内部为无回声区并有散在或密集的光点为阳性),血清CA125值。计算各项临床指标单独及联合应用包括平行试验?系列试验诊断内异症的敏感性?特异性?阳性预测率及阴性预测率,并用Logistic回归方法计算诊断卵巢型及腹膜型内异症的公式。结果:单独应用各项临床指标诊断内异症的敏感性较低。超声波?血清CA125以及性交痛对内异症的预测率达90%以上,其他临床指标预测内异症的准确性较差。临床各项指标联合平行试验可明显提高诊断的敏感性(89%),各项指标联合系列试验则可明显提高诊断的特异性。任何3项临床指标联合,诊断内异症的预测率基本达到100%。卵巢型内异症的诊断公式为:1/[1+e-(-2.270+1.304*盆腔痛性结节+1.158*继发痛经+2.168*B超囊内光点+2.580*CA125异常)],腹膜型内异症的诊断公式为:1/[1+e-(-1.631+1.788*盆腔痛性结节+0.789*继发痛经+2.384*CA125异常)]。以结果>0.5为异常,此公式诊断卵巢型及腹膜型内异症的准确性分别为85.9%和84.5%。结论:疼痛症状、不育、盆腔体征、超声波以及血清CA125联合应用是内异症较准确的非手术诊断方法。     

卵巢子宫内膜异位症恶变的临床病理特征分析

目的:分析卵巢子宫内膜异位症(EMs)恶变的临床病理特征。方法:回顾分析2011年12月至2015年12月于郑州大学人民医院妇科行手术治疗且术后病理确诊的卵巢癌患者281例,其中符合内异症恶变诊断标准者24例(内异症恶变组),非内异症恶变者257例(非内异症恶变组)。分析两组患者的临床组织病理学类型及FIGO分期。结果:与非内异症恶变组相比,内异症恶变组患者的平均年龄早、绝经前诊断比例较大,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。内异症恶变组术前CA125值(110.27±112.62)U/ml,腹水量较少、病理类型多为透明细胞癌(45.83%)、FIGO分期早期(87.50%);非内异症恶变组术前CA125值(1242.75±2104.28)U/ml、腹水量较多,病理类型多为浆液性腺癌(72.37%),FIGO分期晚期(74.71%);两组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05)。两组患者在癌灶单双侧及淋巴结转移情况比较,差异均无统计学意义(P均0.05)。结论:卵巢内异症恶变患者发病年龄小、腹水量少、术前CA125较低、FIGO期别早,组织病理以透明细胞癌及子宫内膜样腺癌为主。     

子宫内膜异位症类型及相关因素对血清CA125水平的影响

子宫内膜异位症(内异症)是育龄期妇女的常见病,具有分布广泛,形态多样的临床病理特点[1].研究发现,内异症患者血清CA125水平升高[2],且其水平变化与内异症的临床期别有关[3].但目前对不同类型内异症患者血清CA125水平变化的报道较少.本研究对不同类型内异症及相关因素对血清CA125水平的影响进行归纳分析,现将结果报道如下.     

《现代妇产科进展》2005年第一期国家级继续医学教育试题

1、以下哪项是子宫内膜异位症发病学说 ?　　A .经血逆流学说　　　B .化生学说　　　C .免疫学说　　　D .在位内膜决定论　　　E .以上均正确2、诊断子宫内膜异位症的金标准是　　A .腹腔镜　　　B .痛经、肛门坠痛及慢性盆腔疼痛　　　C .妇科检查双侧宫骶韧带有触痛结节　　D .超声波检查附件区囊肿 ,内有散在光点　　　E .血CA12 5升高3、腹腔镜对诊断下列哪种类型的子宫内膜异位症有局限性 ?　　A .腹膜型内异症　　B .卵巢型内异症　　C .阴道直肠型内异症　　D .子宫及直肠壁内异症　　E .以上均正确4、以下哪项是子宫内膜异…     

不同类型子宫内膜异位症临床特点及意义分析

目的:分析腹膜型、卵巢型及混合型子宫内膜异位症临床特点,探讨不同类型可能的发病机制。方法:统计中国医科大学附属盛京医院2011年12月至2012年12月经手术证实为盆腔子宫内膜异位症的446例患者,根据不同类型将所有患者分为:腹膜型组137例(30.7%)、卵巢型组48例(10.8%)、混合型组261例(58.5%)3组,比较各组间临床特点的差异。结果:腹膜型和混合型以双侧多见(62.8%,62.1%),卵巢型以单侧多见(81.3%)(P0.05);腹膜型易于其他手术时同时发现(94.9%),卵巢型和混合型多以子宫内膜异位症为指征行手术(95.8%,100.0%)(P0.05);腹膜型多无症状(93.4%),卵巢型及混合型更易引起痛经(75.0%及67.0%)(P0.05);腹膜型及卵巢型多存在于早期(100.0%及85.4%),混合型多存在于晚期(65.5%)(P0.05)。结论:经血逆流导致的内膜种植学说可能是子宫内膜异位症发病机制的基础学说,腹膜型子宫内膜异位症可能为盆腔子宫内膜异位症的先期病变。     

人附睾分泌蛋白4联合CA125在卵巢恶性肿瘤与子宫内膜异位症鉴别诊断中的价值

目的 探讨血清人附睾分泌蛋白4(HE4)联合CA125水平检测在卵巢恶性肿瘤与子宫内膜异位症鉴别诊断中的价值.方法 采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿(内异症组)46例、卵巢上皮性癌(卵巢癌组)36例、卵巢非内膜异位良性肿瘤(良性肿瘤组)60例和健康妇女(对照组)50例血清中HE4和CA125水平,结果以中位数表示.血清HFA和CA125正常值分别为0～150 pmo/L和0～35 kU/L,单独或联合检测时,其中任一指标高于正常上限即定为阳性.通过制作受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,以曲线下面积(AUC)反映诊断的准确性;以Mann-Whitney U 检验及相关性分析探讨两项指标单独或联合检测用于诊断卵巢内异症囊肿的价值.结果 (1)HE4水平:内异症、对照、良性肿瘤组妇女血清HE4水平分别为52.4、51.0、50.0 pmoL/L,3组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),卵巢癌组患者HE4水平为507.5 pmoL/L,与其他3组分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).(2)CA125水平:卵巢癌、内异症、良性肿瘤及对照组妇女血清CA125水平分别为743.0、84.9、15.4、11.5 kU/L,卵巢癌组与其他3组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).(3)单项榆测结果:卵巢癌组以内异症组为参照时,HE4和CA125笛单项检测的AUC分别0.933和0.821,其特异度为95%时的敏感度分别为79.6%和49.0%;内异症组以对照组为参照时的AUC为0.453;以良性肿瘤组为参照时的AUC为0.496.(4)联合检测结果:卵巢癌组以内异症组为参照时,HE4联合CA125检测的AUC为0.936,其特异度为95%时的敏感度为81.0%.结论 HE4水平可作为卵巢内异症囊肿的鉴别诊断依据之一,HE4联合CA125水平检测能有效鉴别卵巢内异症囊肿和卵巢恶性肿瘤.     

盆腔良性肿物伴血清CA125水平升高的临床意义

目的探讨血清CA125水平在妇科良性肿瘤、结核性肿物及其他炎症性肿物、子宫内膜异位症等盆腔良性肿物中的升高情况及临床意义.方法回顾性分析中国医学科学院中国协和医科大学肿瘤医院于1999年1月-2003年12月间收治并经病理检查证实的492例妇科盆腔良性肿物患者的临床资料,其中卵巢良性肿瘤237例,其他盆腔良性肿物如子宫肌瘤、子宫腺肌病、卵巢子宫内膜异位症、盆腔结核及其他炎症性肿物等共255例,所有患者术前均有血清CA125的检测.另随机选取60例卵巢上皮性癌患者作为对照.结果盆腔结核、子宫腺肌病、卵巢子宫内膜异位症及卵泡膜-纤维组肿瘤患者的血清CA125水平中位数值均高于正常值(35 kU/L以下),分别是465.0、88.9、59.0、44.5 kU/L.本组盆腔良性肿物中, 血清CA125水平单例最高值为卵泡膜-纤维组肿瘤(1281.0 kU/L),中位数值最高者为盆腔结核(465.0 kU/L).60例卵巢上皮性癌患者血清CA125水平升高者达95.0%,其中位数值是755.5 kU/L,与良性肿物相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01 ).在子宫肌瘤与子宫腺肌病的鉴别诊断中,以血清CA125≥50 kU/L为标准,诊断子宫腺肌病的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值及阴性预测值相对较高,分别是72%、94%、79%和91%.结论血清CA125水平升高也可见于一些盆腔良性肿物,主要有盆腔结核、子宫腺肌病、卵巢子宫内膜异位症及卵泡膜-纤维组肿瘤等,但其中位数值均明显低于卵巢上皮性癌.血清CA125水平检测有利于子宫肌瘤和子宫腺肌病的鉴别诊断.     

膜联蛋白A1在卵巢型子宫内膜异位症中的表达及意义

目的检测膜联蛋白(Annexin)A1在卵巢型子宫内膜异位症中的表达,探讨其在子宫内膜异位症发病机制中的作用。方法提取63例卵巢型子宫内膜异位症(研究组)患者的异位内膜(EM组)及在位内膜(UM组),增殖期36例,分泌期27例;同期获取20例正常内膜为对照组,增殖期11例,分泌期9例。采用免疫组化方法检测Annexin A1在各组内膜组织中的表达;同时检测术后24 h血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和白介素-6(IL-6)水平。结果 EM组Annexin A1阳性表达明显高于对照组;增殖期与分泌期内膜Annexin A1表达无统计学意义;研究组血清IL-6、TNF-a均值明显高于对照组;重度患者异位内膜Annexin A1阳性表达与血清IL-6、TNF-a增高一致。结论 Annexin A1在卵巢型子宫内膜异位症患者异位内膜高表达,血清IL-6及TNF-a值明显增高,支持内异症免疫炎症学说。     

子宫内膜异位症与血清CAl25水平相关分析

目的：探讨血清CAl25与子宫内膜异位症（EMs）的相关性。方法：对256例EMs患者进行回顾性分析。观察cAl25与EMs分型、rAFS分期、痛经程度、子宫直肠窝封闭情况的关系。结果：①腹膜型EMs血清CAl25水平显著低于卵巢型和混合型,卵巢型、混合型间差异无统计学意义：②不同临床分期间血清CAl25差异均有统计学意义,期别越高血清CAl25水平越高;③无痛经纽血清CAl25（19．5KU／L）水平低于有痛经组（轻度：28．3kU／L、中度：35．2kU／L、重度：35．0kU／L）,差异有统计学意义,不同程度痛经组间血清CAl25水平相当,差异无统计学意义;④子宫直肠窝无封闭组血清CAl25水平显著低于部分或全部封闭组,差异有统计学意义,部分和全部封闭组血清CAl25水平相当,差异无统计学意义;⑤各组间CAl25的阳性率均有显著差异;⑥多因素非条件Logistic分析结果提示rAFS分期是血清CAl25阳性的危险因素,分期越高血清CAl25阳性的发生风险越高。结论：血清CAl25对EMs病情严重程度的综合评估有重要意义,可用于协助判断EMs分型,临床上尤可用于EMs术前评价,为个体化术前处理提供参考。     

CA 125 in serum, peritoneal fluid, active lesions, and endometrium of patients with endometriosis

Ca 125 levels in serum and peritoneal fluid were measured in 39 patients with endometriosis and 18 patients with normal pelvic anatomy at laparoscopy, and the presence of this antigen in endometriotic tissue and endometrial mucosa was also investigated. Serum CA 125 concentrations were elevated in patients with Stage III or IV endometriosis compared with control subjects (32.9 +/- 11.2 versus 16.4 +/- 8.9 U/ml, means +/- SD; p less than 0.001). CA 125 values were greater than 35 U/ml in 36.8% of women with Stage III or IV endometriosis and in none of the control subjects. No significant differences in CA 125 levels in peritoneal fluid were found between patients with endometriosis and control subjects. The immunohistochemical studies found CA 125 in 10% of the endometriotic lesions and 37.5% of the endometrial samples of patients with endometriosis and in 33.3% of the endometrial samples of control subjects.     

Usefulness of measurement of serum CA125 levels in diagnosing and treating endometriosis

We investigated the usefulness of the measurement of serum CA125 levels for the diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of endometriosis. An additional study concentrated on the production of CA125. 1. Elevated levels of serum CA125 were noted in 52 of 66 patients with endometriosis in which the positive rate was 78.8% and mean was 119.8 U/ml. The mean value and positive rate of serum CA125 levels in patients with adenomyosis were higher than those in pelvic endometriosis. 2. The correlation between preoperative serum CA125 levels and the extracted tissue weight was statistically significant. The tissue concentration of CA125 of adenomyosis was 1,479.3 +/- 1,087.1 U/g and that of pelvic endometriosis was 309.7 +/- 23.1 U/g wet weight. 3. The serum CA125 levels in patients with adenomyosis fell postoperatively, and all were below 35 U/ml within two weeks. The serum CA125 levels were below 35 U/ml in 13 out of 15 patients (86.7%) with pelvic endometriosis treated with danazol and the change in the serum CA125 levels was closely related to the clinical course. 4. Clinicopathological states with a high level of serum CA125 were observed in patients with normal and ectopic pregnancy, puerperium, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) and peritonitis. It was concluded that the measurement of serum CA125 levels was useful in the diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of endometriosis, and CA125 might be produced and/or secreted not only from the endometrium but also from the peritoneum.     

CA 125 antigen is an effective diagnostic for external endometriosis

We measured serum levels of CA 125 in 26 patients with external endometriosis, using CA 125 RIA Kits. The normal range was instituted below 39 U/ml. The mean CA 125 level (+/- SD) was 55.1 +/- 24.9 U/ml in patients with external endometriosis, the positive rate being 71.4%. Considering the clinical stage of external endometriosis, the mean CA 125 level and positive rate increased to 64.5 +/- 23.2 U/ml and 93.3%, respectively. The CA 125 levels in these patients gradually decreased after surgery and/or Danazol treatment and the levels were below 39 U/ml within four weeks. Thus, progressive external endometriosis can be accurately diagnosed by determining the serum levels of CA 125, and appropriate clinical treatment designed.     

血清CA19-9及CA125测定诊断子宫内膜异位症

目的:探讨血清CA19-9及CA125测定对子宫内膜异位症(EMs)的诊断价值。方法:采用放射免疫法测定55例EMs患者血清CA19-9及CA125水平,并与同期门诊健康妇女(对照组)进行比较。结果:EMs组及对照组血清CA19-9和CA125检测值的中位数及阳性率分别为27.81 U/mL、43.6%,11.78 U/mL、0和24.2 U/mL、36.3%,9.02 U/mL、4.0%。两组间差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。中重度(Ⅲ～Ⅳ期)EMs患者与轻度(Ⅰ～Ⅱ期)患者血清CA19-9和CA125中位数和阳性率分别为42.38 U/mL、57.9%,17.36 U/mL、11.8%和34.75 U/mL、50.0%,15.3U/mL、5.9%,不同分期间差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。血清CA19-9和CA125诊断EMs的敏感度、特异度及准确度分别为43.6%、100%、61.25%及36.3%、96.0%、55.0%。结论:血清CA125和CA19-9在EMs患者中均有明显升高,测定两种血清标记物水平可协助EMs的诊断;两者血清水平与EMs患者病情程度有关。     

Differential diagnosis of ovarian cancer, benign ovarian tumor and endometriosis by a combination assay of serum sialyl SSEA-1 antigen and CA125 levels

We used a combination assay of serum sialyl SSEA-1 antigen (SLX) and CA125 levels, and evaluated the clinical usefulness of this technique for a differential diagnosis of ovarian cancer, benign ovarian tumor and endometriosis. In 82 patients with ovarian tumors, the sera of 20 (64.5%) of 31 with ovarian cancer and 15 (48.4%) of the 31 with endometriosis (endometrial cyst) were positive for both SLX and CA125, but serum SLX level was 5 U/ml or less in these 14 SLX- and CA125-positive patients with endometriosis. The sera of 16 (80.0%) patients with benign ovarian tumor were negative for both tumor markers. The sera of 3 (9.7%) of 31 with ovarian cancer and the sera of 2 (6.5%) of 31 with endometriosis were negative for both markers. The diagnostic accuracy (true positive rate X true negative rate) of the combination assay for ovarian cancer was 49.0% when the cutoff value of the serum SLX was 38 U/ml but improved to 78.5% when the value was set at 50 U/ml. When the cutoff value of serum SLX was set at 50 U/ml and that of serum CA125 at 35 U/ml, 27 of 37 patients who were positive only for CA125 had endometriosis. From the above observations, a combination assay of serum SLX and CA125 is a promising method for the differential diagnosis of malignant and benign ovarian tumors. Our results also suggest that to improve the diagnostic accuracy, the cutoff value of the serum SLX level should be 50 U/ml for ovarian tumors alone.     

Discordance between serum level and tissue immunohistochemical staining of CA125 in endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the uterine corpus.

This study was designed to correlate tissue expression of CA125 with the corresponding serum value in endometrial cancer. The records of 52 endometrioid adenocarcinomas diagnosed were reviewed. Serum CA125 levels were examined before definitive surgery, and 20 U/ml was used as the cutoff value. Immunohistochemical staining for CA125 was assessed according to the ImmunoReactive Score. Statistical analyzes were performed to identify independent factor for high serum CA125 levels, including CA125 staining and the conventional pathologic features. Elevated serum CA125 levels were found in 15 of 52 patients (29%) (range, 0.1-172.1; mean 22.6 U/ml). The frequency of positive CA125 tissue staining (35/52, 67%) tended to be higher than that of elevated serum levels (p = 0.046). Fifteen patients with elevated serum CA125 levels statistically differed from the remaining 37 patients with normal serum CA125 level with respect to International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage (p = 0.027) and lymph node metastasis (p = 0.024), and tended to have positive washing cytology (p = 0.052). In multivariate analysis, elevated serum CA125 significantly correlated only with FIGO stage III, but not with tumor size or CA125 tissue staining. Intrauterine tumor may not be the main source of serum CA125 in endometrial cancer, and elevated serum level is closely related to the presence of disseminated cancer cells in the peritoneal cavity.     

Combined Assay of Serum Levels of CA125 and CA19-9 in Endometrial Carcinoma

Serum levels of CA125 and CA19-9 were examined in 225 cases with endometrial carcinoma before treatment and 32 cases with recurrent endometrial carcinoma. The positive rates in the 225 cases were 27.1% for CA125, 24.0% for CA19-9, and 38.7% for the combined assay. The serum levels of both CA125 and CA19-9 significantly increased with surgical staging. The presence of lymph node metastasis and extrauterine spread exhibited a marked influence on the serum levels of both CA125 and CA19-9. Myometrial invasion and vessel permeation also increased serum levels of CA125, whereas peritoneal cytology and adnexal metastasis exhibited no influence on CA125 levels or CA19-9 levels. Twenty-five of 33 cases who showed either more than 100 U/ml of CA125 level or more than 100 U/ml of CA19-9 level were classified as surgical stage III or IV. The combined assay demonstrated a 71.9% positive rate at the time of detection of the recurrence (65.6% for CA125, 43.7% for CA19-9). In 34.4% of the 32 recurrent cases, elevated levels of the tumor markers were the first sign of recurrence. These data indicate that the use of CA19-9 in combination with CA125 is noteworthy in the management of patients with endometrial carcinoma.     

CA 125 in peritoneal fluid and serum of patients with endometriosis

Serum and peritoneal fluid collected from 48 patients at laparoscopy was assayed for CA 125. Geometric mean serum CA 125 was similar in 21 patients with predominantly early stage endometriosis (13.4 U/ml; confidence intervals (C.I.) 10.8-16.7) and 27 patients without endometriosis (12.9 U/ml; C.I. 9.7-17.2). Mean peritoneal fluid CA 125 was higher in the endometriosis patients (mean 44.4 U/ml; C.I. 34.5-57.2) than controls (35.7 U/ml; C.I. 30.0-42.2), but the difference was not significant. Peritoneal fluid volume was increased in endometriosis patients (p = 0.013), and only after correction for peritoneal fluid volume did total antigenic concentration in aspirated peritoneal fluid show significant elevation (p = 0.0015) in endometriosis patients (mean 340 U/ml; C.I. 212-547) compared with controls (125 U/ml; C.I. 85-184). These results suggest that although CA 125 may be expressed in peritoneal fluid in endometriosis, it is unlikely to be of use as a marker of disease activity in peritoneal fluid obtained by culdocentesis.