From the end of the world to the top of the world

I've been on the road a bit this summer. Because of the kind generosity of my London broker, Lloyd and Partners, Ltd., I've been allowed the unique opportunity to have an insider's view of the London market. I observed an interesting renewal situation and sat with underwriters in their boxes amid the hallowed (at least to us insurance geeks) trappings of Lloyd's. I spent several lovely days in Hanover with my long‐time lead reinsurer, Hanover Re, while trying desperately to keep up with my own work back home. It's been stimulating and thought‐provoking, and I know I won't ever view the purchase of insurance in the same way.     

浅谈护士履行告知程序的方法与技巧

随着科学技术的发展,护理模式的转变,护理告知已逐渐应用于临床护理.护理告知可以帮助临床护理工作者充分尊重患者的权益,与患者良好地沟通,建立和谐的护患关系,从而提高护理质量.护理告知程序若想系统规范、有效地执行,必须遵守告知制度,掌握一定的技巧与方法,随时随地、经常有效地履行告知义务.我科从2005年10月以来,对所住院病人从入院告知,疾病护理告知,护理操作告知,出院告知等四方面履行应用的告知程序,取得了较好的效果.     

Relationship of the clinician and the pathologist at the turn of the millennium

The autopsy, once a fundamental and familiar component of medical practice based on the good cooperation of clinicians and pathologist, is now infrequently used. Recent data indicate that autopsies are performed only about one third of the cases in Hungary and less that 1 of 10 inpatients death in the united States. Explanation for this decrease is multifactorial, involving changing professional and patients attitudes, the advent of sophisticated antemortem diagnostic methods, socioeconomic factors, and medicolegal concerns as well. Teaching institutions need to reevaluate concerning the need and practice of the autopsy. "The final audit" not always reflect well on clinical diagnoses and management of patients. Many facts proves that our modern tools still not enough to reach always a correct and safe diagnoses. Errors are still common in medicine. About 10% of necropsies indicate a clinical managements different from what the patients received, 20% reveal additional diagnoses, and 60% of cases have teaching point. Though autopsy is expensive and time consuming, moreover the shortage of pathologist is evident, necropsy should remain the cornerstone of medicine in the new millennium as well. There are a broad range of different fields where pathologist and clinicians should work together in an everyday--setting--e.g. evaluate biopsy- or cytology-samples. Clinicopathological conferences are also important to discuss cases mainly for teaching purposes. Without maintaining the traditionally good cooperation neither clinicians nor pathologists will be able to give proper answers to the challenges and professional questions of the new era.     

从医方视角探解医患关系困境

目的：从医方视角探解医患关系困境。方法2013年10月-2013年11月,从本市几所主要医院中随机选择600例住院患者及医务人员进行研究。利用问卷调查法,对医患关系相关情况进行调查。结果调查发现,医务人员中有34.3％认为医患关系紧张,患者中有8.6%认为医患关系紧张。患方对医方不满的原因主要有沟通交流障碍和态度问题以及医疗质量问题等方面。结论面对医患关系的困境,医方需要积极的采取患者-医生-医院三位一体的应对策略,不断提高整体医疗质量,为患者提供人性化的医疗服务,努力改善医患关系。     

Appealing to the ''experience'' of the patient in the care of the dying

The care of dying patients in hospital is characterized by the copresence of four different frames: practical, medical, lay and psychological. Within the psychological frame, the staff define the patient as an experiencing subject, exposed to the staff members' knowledge and involvement. The psychological frame is used in two different circumstances. First, it is used by the staff members when the patient deviates from an expected identity within some other frame. The deviation creates a threat to the working conditions and moral order at the ward. The threat is managed through a shift into the psychological frame. Second, the psychological frame is used spontaneously in the accounts of their work given by staff members to the sociological field researcher. The image of care associated with the field researcher is characterized by a special awareness of the psychological issues. Thus the field researcher is inevitably a part of the functioning of the new kind of surveillance working through the psychological frame.     

酶标仪检测数据的PC端处理及远程控制

本文利用串行通讯技术和灵活的计算机编程技巧，实现了酶标仪和计算机之间的数据通讯、分析和处理，并可脱离酶标仪面板，做到对酶标仪的远程控制。     

论医院治疗服务产出的核算方法

讨论了医院用投入法核算治疗服务产出存在的问题，从完整产品的角度提出改进的方法——医院完整治疗产出的核算方法，并通过模拟数据计算证明该方法能对医院治疗服务产出进行准确的测算。     

天时、穴位、药物、地球磁场穴区全息对应

目的破解生命科学,经络、穴位、药物、地球磁场穴区全息对应;减少资源浪费,减少动物杀伤,维护生态平衡,挽救濒危物种,实现对因治疗,便于广利众生,永世流传,方法1:任一住宅,用硬纸画好剪成图形,用悬挂法求得中心,复原至住宅中心,以住宅中心为圆心,合适长度为半径画圆,以冬至为一月元旦[1],定正北方位第一穴区,以一年的实际周期365日5小时48分46秒等分圆周,以一天为一穴区,一穴区≈0.9853度,在圆心正上方悬挂一细长物体肉桂,观察静止后指向.方法2:将酒浸肉桂糊涂于右大脚趾指甲向后、向下长,刺入肉内,溃烂流水的(隐白穴)第361-5穴区内.结果:1、肉桂指向361-5穴区(准确应在含中心)第366-1穴区;2、右隐白穴在内的大脚趾溃烂愈合,流水消失,趾甲恢复正常生长.结论右隐白穴在第361-5穴区,肉桂指向第361-5穴区,天时、穴位、药物、万有引力地球磁场穴区全息对应.     

谈病人满意度管理

病人满意度管理直接关系到医院的声誉和医疗市场.医院要从医院服务层次、医疗服务模式、医学人文精神和社会价值观等五个方面来管理病人满意度,建立起全程的、科学的、规范的满意度管理机制,从而更好地为医院赢得声誉、争取市场.     

术后病人疼痛护理探讨

心理因素可导致躯体疾病,疾病对病人的心理状态有明显的影响,尤其对手术病人的摧残更为严重.术前病人的心理状态是;恐惧手术,担心手术失败,担心为恶性病变,希望有经验的老医师诊治;术后病人的心理状态是:担心术后治愈率和经济负担,希望有亲人陪护,医生护士多关心.针对以上这些,临床上我们通过对手术病人实施心理护理,做好术前心理护理及术后心理护理,能减轻术后病人疼痛,收到了良好的效果.它让我们体会到:心理护理--是缓解术后病人疼痛的一项重要治疗手段,能起到药物不能取代的作用效果,且贯穿于整个手术前后的始末.其目的是帮助病人保持良好的心理状态.充分调动自身的积极因素,愉快地     

氢化物发生—原子荧光光谱法测定牙膏中的铅

目的:建立了一种测定牙膏中微量铅的方法——氢化物发生—原子荧光光谱法。方法:采用硝酸—高氯酸消解,氢化物发生—原子荧光光谱法测定。结果:线性范围为0~100μg/L,检出限为0.23μg/L,样品加标回收率为91.7%~102.1%,用标准物质茶叶(GBW10016)对该法验证,验证结果与推荐值一致,相对标准偏差为1.18%。结论:该法检出限低,线性范围宽,精密度好,准确性高,适合牙膏中微量铅的检测分析。     

踝臂血压差值与高龄老人心血管疾病的相关性研究

目的：探讨四肢血压差值，尤其是踝臂血压差值与高龄老年人心血管疾病的相关性。方法：采用四肢血压同步测试仪，将72例80岁以上的高龄老年人按健康与心血管疾病分为5组，用健康组分别与高血压并脑卒中、高血压动脉硬化、冠心病、糖脂代谢紊乱组比较，观察踝臂血压差值与上述四类疾病的相关性。结果：踝臂血压差值与高血压并脑卒中呈负相关；与高血压动脉硬化呈正相关；与冠心病部分相关；与糖脂代谢紊乱无显相关。结论：四肢血压同步测试可作为观察高龄老年人心血管功能状况的一项检测方法，此法方便、快捷、无创，值得推广。     

踝臂血压差值与高龄老人心血管疾病的相关性研究

目的探讨四肢血压差值,尤其是踝臂血压差值与高龄老年人心血管疾病的相关性.方法采用四肢血压同步测试仪,将72例80岁以上的高龄老年人按健康与心血管疾病分为5组,用健康组分别与高血压并脑卒中、高血压动脉硬化、冠心病、糖脂代谢紊乱组比较,观察踝臂血压差值与上述四类疾病的相关性.结果踝臂血压差值与高血压并脑卒中呈负相关;与高血压动脉硬化呈正相关;与冠心病部分相关;与糖脂代谢紊乱无显著相关.结论四肢血压同步测试可作为观察高龄老年人心血管功能状况的一项检测方法,此法方便、快捷、无创,值得推广.     

Estimating the effect of the run-in on the power of the Physicians' Health Study

In the Physicians' Health Study, a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of aspirin in the reduction of cardiovascular mortality and beta-carotene in decreasing cancer incidence, 33,223 subjects were eligible and willing to enter the trial. Instead of randomizing this group immediately, all participants received identical calendar packs that contained active aspirin and beta-carotene placebo. Following an 18-week run-in, only 22,071 subjects who remained eligible and willing and had taken at least 2/3 of their pills were randomized. We estimated the effect of the run-in as follows: pill taking compliance increased 20-41 per cent; sample size decreased 34 per cent; duration of follow-up decreased 7 per cent which resulted in a 7 per cent decrease in the expected event rate for the placebo group. To estimate these changes, we made assumptions about compliance and outcome risk for those excluded by the run-in. Our conclusion, however, about the net effect of the run-in on the power of the study remains constant across variations in a number of those assumptions. The power with the run-in, with 22,071 good compliers was typically higher, and never more than negligibly lower, than the power without the run-in, with 33,223 good and poor compliers. In addition, savings from enrolling 11,152 fewer subjects in the trial resulted from the use of the run-in.