首页 | 官方网站   微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
梁洁  温薇  吴玮娴 《现代预防医学》2008,35(11):2085-2087
[目的]了解广州市大学生钙营养知识、态度、行为现况及影响因素,为开展营养健康教育,改善大学生的钙营养状况提供依据.[方法]采用K-A-P问卷方式对广州市两所高校561名大学生进行钙营养知识、态度、行为的调查.[结果]大学生钙营养知识普遍缺乏,49.68%的大学生钙营养知识得分小于24分,回答钙常识问题的正确率低于80.0%;大学生膳食结构不合理,对含钙丰富的奶及奶制品、小虾皮和豆类摄入较少.但他们普遍具有良好的营养态度,愿意接受更多的营养知识,愿意改变自身的饮食习惯以增加膳食钙的摄入.[结论]应采取措施提高大学生的钙营养知识水平,引导大学生建立良好的饮食行为.  相似文献   

2.
宜春学院医学生营养知识、态度及饮食行为调查   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
[目的]了解宜春学院医学生营养知识、态度及饮食行为,为开展营养健康教育及干预提供依据.[方法]采用自行设计的营养知识、态度及饮食行为问卷,对宜春学院医学院386名一~三年级的大学生进行调查.[结果]医学生的营养知识缺乏,回答正确率总体上在50%左右,并存在一些不合理的饮食行为,有27.2%的学生不能坚持每天吃早餐,而且早餐质量较差,早餐品种较单调.另外,每天喝牛奶的学生仅有9.8%,但他们具有良好的接受营养教育的态度,有89.6%学生愿意为了健康改变不良饮食习惯,92.5%的学生愿意以后更多地关注营养知识.[结论]多数学生缺乏必要的营养知识,饮食行为不合理,但接受营养知识的态度较好,应加强医学生营养知识教育,纠正不良的饮食行为,促进身体健康.  相似文献   

3.
成都市大学生营养与食品安全知识态度行为调查   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
宋阳  张然  张立实 《现代预防医学》2012,39(2):302-303,306
[目的]了解成都市四川大学医学生和四川师范大学师范生的营养与食品安全知识、态度、行为现状。[方法]随机抽取医学院和师范大学共228名大学生,对其进行营养与食品安全知识、态度、行为问卷调查。[结果]多数大学生对营养与食品安全知识缺乏全面深入的了解,尤其对于相关的法律法规指南不甚了解。普遍存在不合理的膳食行为,但有较好的健康饮食意识,愿意接受更多的营养与食品安全知识并改变不良的饮食习惯。医学生对谷类食物营养价值的认知优于师范生,对夜盲症、高血压、贫血等疾病以及食物搭配之间关系的认知亦优于师范生。[结论]应制定并落实有效的大学生营养与食品安全教育计划,多渠道加强相关的教育宣教,以提高学生的营养与食品安全知识水平,并建立良好的饮食行为。  相似文献   

4.
某市264名城市社区居民营养知识、态度及行为调查分析   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
[目的]了解某市某社区居民的营养知识、态度及行为状况,探索在社区中对居民进行营养教育和营养指导的有效途径和方法,为相关政策措施的制定提供科学依据.[方法]采用随机抽样方法,选取某市某社区成年常住居民264名进行问卷调查.[结果]调查对象的营养知识水平较差,主要缺乏对<中国居民膳食指南>、营养素的食物来源和营养与疾病相关知识了解;营养态度和行为尚可;调查对象期望营养知识来源主要为讲座和宣传画册等.[结论]社区居民营养知识水平普遍较低,对饮食与健康关系了解不够全面,但营养态度和行为尚可.应加强对社区居民营养健康教育.  相似文献   

5.
某技术学院学生营养知识-态度-行为调查分析   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3  
[目的]了解医科大学生的营养知识、态度及饮食行为,为大学生进行营养健康教育和膳食指导提供依据.[方法]采用KAB问卷调查方法,对某职业技术学院603名大学生进行营养知识、态度、饮食行为及营养状况调查.[结果]大学生对营养知识缺乏全面深入的了解,92.3%的学生营养知识水平处于中低等水平,营养行为处于较差的水平:但表现出较好的营养态度.年级越高,营养知识越丰富,接受营养知识的态度越好.对饮食行为得分分类(Y)作多因素logislic回归分析,结果显示:对营养知识的态度(X1)、营养知识得分(X2)、父亲文化程度分级(X3)与饮食行为密切相关.[结论]被调查学生的营养知识缺乏,饮食行为不科学,营养态度普遍积极,学校应进存营养知识宣传和饮食行为引导.  相似文献   

6.
目的 了解怀化市大学生的营养知识、态度、行为(KAP)现状,为大学生营养健康教育和膳食指导提供依据.方法 采用自编KAP问卷对怀化医专与怀化学院2007级在校大学生进行调查. 结果调查对象对营养知识有一定认识,营养态度较好,饮食行为较差;专业、性别、生源、民族、家庭经济收入等对KAP得分有不同程度影响;营养知识、态度、行为间存在相关性. 结论对大学生尤其是医学生进行营养健康宣教与普及既必要又迫切.  相似文献   

7.
非医学生营养教育效果观察   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
[目的]了解大学生营养知识掌握情况及营养教育的效果,探讨营养教育的重要性和可行性.[方法]采用调查问卷形式,对160名非医学专业大学生进行营养教育前后的调查.[结果]教育后学生营养知识掌握程度较教育前明显提高(P<0.01),男女之间营养知识的掌握程度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).大学生营养态度较好,饮食行为较教育前有所改善.[结论]营养健康教育是改善大学生不良饮食行为的有效方法.  相似文献   

8.
医学生钙营养知识、态度及饮食行为的调查分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
[目的]了解医学生的钙营养知识、态度和行为现况及相互之间的关系.[方法]采用问卷调查方法,对某医科院校818名学生进行钙营养知识、态度及行为调查.[结果]医学生豆类食品摄入充足.对钙营养知识及常识掌握深度和广度都不够,该人群知识得分为(55.0±8.0)分,年级越高的学生成绩越好,女生高于男生.不同知识水平与选择补钙途径差异有统计学意义.医学生多具有较好的营养态度,愿意接受更多的钙营养与健康方面的知识.[结论]应采取多种形式对医学生加强钙营养知识的宣传.  相似文献   

9.
[目的]了解影响农村成年妇女营养知识、态度及膳食行为的因素,为制定营养教育规划提供依据.[方法]1999年5~6月,采用整群抽样方法抽取莘县燕店乡6个村庄作为调查点,抽取调查点20%的住户,调查20~55岁的家庭主妇.[结果]农村社区成年妇女营养知识得分与文化程度呈正相关,与年龄呈负相关,相关均有统计学意义(r=0.385、-0.169,P<0.01);调查对象对学习营养知识持积极肯定的态度,食物消费以面粉、蔬菜为主;电视、广播和报刊是获得营养知识的主要信息来源.[结论]提高农村成年妇女的文化程度,对于提高人群的营养知识、态度和膳食行为有着重要的作用.  相似文献   

10.
学龄前儿童家长营养知识态度行为调查   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
王文菲 《现代预防医学》2008,35(12):2278-2279
[目的]了解学龄前儿童家长营养知识和态度对子女饮食行为的影响程度,为有针对性地对其进行营养教育提供科学依据.[方法]采用问卷调查方法对某幼儿园489名家长进行营养知识、态度、行为的调查.[结果]家长对某些营养素的来源及与饮食有关的疾病有一定的了解,但对平衡膳食了解较少,多数家长及儿童均存在一些不良饮食行为.[结论]应积极向家长宣传儿童健康所需营养知识和/或进行营养干预,纠正家长错误的饮食态度及儿童不良饮食行为,帮助儿童从小养成良好的饮食习惯.  相似文献   

11.
Epidemiological studies of calcium and osteoporosis have been hampered by the lack of a suitable tool for assessing calcium intake. This report describes a new frequency and amount questionnaire for measuring present and past calcium intake in the elderly. The validity of the questionnaire was tested against two commonly used standards of dietary assessment, five-day duplicate diets and seven-day weighed dietary inventories. The resulting correlation coefficients were, respectively, r = 0.76 and r = 0.69, while that for repeatability was r = 0.84. Furthermore, the questionnaire categorized subjects into thirds of the distribution of intake with almost no gross misclassification. It is suggested that the present findings may be extended to the majority of normal, healthy elderly subjects, implying wide application for the questionnaire in the assessment of calcium intake in the elderly.  相似文献   

12.
This paper examines media coverage of 'breast cancer genetics', and explores its implications for public understanding. We present a content analysis of coverage in British newspapers and look at a variety of popular forms, including women's magazines, television soap opera and radio drama. Genetic/inherited risk receives a great deal of coverage across a wide range of media formats and outlets. Much of this attention has focused on individuals from 'high risk families' and dilemmas around prophylactic mastectomies. Through examining media coverage, combined with interviews with media personnel and their sources, we show why this story proved so attractive to the media and highlight the different production values which influence coverage. Finally, we introduce preliminary findings from focus group discussions to demonstrate how such 'human interest' framing has engaged audience attention and influenced public understandings. The paper concludes by highlighting the implications for analysing, predicting, and engaging with, media representations of science.  相似文献   

13.
Antibiotics represent one of the most important drug groups used in the management of bacterial infections in humans and animals. Due to the increasing problem of antibiotic resistance, assurance of the antibacterial effectiveness of these substances has moved into the focus of public health. The reduction in antibiotic residues in wastewater and the environment may play a decisive role in the development of increasing rates of antibiotic resistance. The present study examines the wastewater of 31 patient rooms of various German clinics for possible residues of antibiotics, as well as the wastewater of five private households as a reference.To the best of our knowledge, this study shows for the first time that in hospitals with high antibiotic consumption rates, residues of these drugs can be regularly detected in toilets, sink siphons and shower drains at concentrations ranging from 0.02?μg·L?1 to a maximum of 79?mg·L?1. After complete flushing of the wastewater siphons, antibiotics are no longer detectable, but after temporal stagnation, the concentration of the active substances in the water phases of respective siphons increases again, suggesting that antibiotics persist through the washing process in biofilms. This study demonstrates that clinical wastewater systems offer further possibilities for the optimization of antibiotic resistance surveillance.  相似文献   

14.
Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).  相似文献   

15.

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.  相似文献   

16.
17.
深圳公立医院管理体制改革实行政事分开、管办分开,在理事会架构下按法定机构模式组建市医管中心,落实公立医院运营管理自主权.作者从当前公立医院管理体制的弊端入手,介绍了深圳市进行公立医院管理体制改革的基本思路及改革方案设计的主要举措,深入剖析了的改革方案的特点,并对改革效果进行了预测.  相似文献   

18.
Red cell membranes, prepared from red blood cells of rats exposed to 4, 10, or 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO2) for 1 to 10 days, were examined for evidence of changes in membrane components. Appreciable changes were not found in contents of phospholipid and cholesterol during exposure to 10 ppm NO2. By contrast, protein content altered with the time of exposure. Moreover, changes in protein composition were observed by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate — polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four-hour exposure to NO2 at the concentration above 10 ppm resulted in a marked increase in the percentage of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) to the total phospholipids. The prolonged exposure to 10 ppm NO2 gave rise to a further increase in LysoPE, whereas the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) showed a gradual decrease. A 1-day exposure to 4.0 ppm NO2 also caused an increase in sialic acid content and decreases in those of PE and hexose. In addition to contents of these components the percentage of LysoPE increased 5 days after exposure and the elevated values were maintained up to the end of exposure period. These results demonstrate that red blood cells in circulation exhibit different membrane properties in terms of lipid and carbohydrate composition during 10 days of exposure to 4.0 ppm NO2.  相似文献   

19.
Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
This review article outlines the physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial occupational health hazards of mining and associated metallurgical processes. Mining remains an important industrial sector in many parts of the world and although substantial progress has been made in the control of occupational health hazards, there remains room for further risk reduction. This applies particularly to traumatic injury hazards, ergonomic hazards and noise. Vigilance is also required to ensure exposures to coal dust and crystalline silica remain effectively controlled.  相似文献   

20.
This paper provides an overview of the production and use of nanomaterials (NMs), particularly in the UK. Currently, relatively few companies in the UK are identifiable as NM manufacturers, the main emphasis being the bulk markets in metals and metal oxides, and some niche markets such as carbon nanotubes and quantum dots. NM manufacturing in the UK does not reflect the global emphasis on fullerenes, nanotubes and fibres. Some assumptions have been made about the types of NM that are likely to be imported into the UK, which currently include fullerenes, modified fullerenes and other carbon-based NMs including nanotubes. Many university departments, spin-offs and private companies have developed processes for the manufacture of NMs but may only be producing small quantities for research and development (R&D) purposes. However, some have the potential to scale up to produce large quantities. The nanotechnology industry in the UK has strong R&D backup from universities and related institutions. This review has covered R&D trends at such institutions, and appropriate information has been added to a searchable database. While several companies are including NMs in their products, only a few (e.g. manufacturers of paints, coatings, cosmetics, catalysts, polymer composites) are using nanoparticles (NPs) in any significant quantities. However, this situation is likely to change rapidly. There is a need to collect more information about exposure to NPs in both manufacturing and user scenarios. As the market grows, and as manufacturers switch from the micro- to the nanoscale, the potential for exposure will increase. More research is required to quantify any risks to workers and consumers.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司    京ICP备09084417号-23

京公网安备 11010802026262号