53种慢病重病零负担 黔东南州农村贫困人口慢、重病纳入政策性全兜底

<正>新年伊始,贵州省黔东南苗族侗族自治州为解决"因病致贫、因病返贫,推动精准扶贫、精准脱贫,出台《建档立卡农村贫困人口慢性病医疗救助保障实施方案》,从1月1日起将贫困人口29种慢性病、24种重大疾病医疗救助保障纳入政策性全兜底。《方案》对贫困人口的"病种救助范围、增加报销药物品种、救助门坎及封顶线、兜底门诊保内自付费用、救助住院保内费用、慢病贫困人口‘二对一'签约服务"     

贵州 不让一人因病致贫

正贵州省颁发关于坚决打赢扶贫攻坚战的配套文件,推进精准扶贫战略。结合农村人口"因病致贫、因病返贫"比重较高的实际情况,开拓扶贫思路,创新扶贫机制,从提高农村贫困人口医疗救助保障水平入手,构筑基本医疗保险、大病保险、医疗救助扶助"三重医疗保障"网,全面开展医疗健康扶贫,大力提高医疗救助保障水平,缓解农村贫困人口看病贵问题,推动全省扶贫攻坚取得新突破。     

我国城市贫困人口医疗救助现状分析

随着我国经济体制的转轨和产业结构不断调整，社会经济结构正处于转型时期，城市相对贫困人口日益增加。对城市贫困人口进行医疗救助，已经成为稳定社会、防止因病致贫和返贫的重要措施之一。本文利用现有资料对我国医疗救助的现状进行评价和分析。     

加强贫困人口医疗救助研究的必要性分析

贫困人群有其自身的人口学和社会经济学特征,在面对健康风险时,具有较大的脆弱性.因病致贫、因病返贫和因贫致病在我国贫困地区已形成一种恶性循环.当前我国城镇职工医疗保险与新型合作医疗在低收入人群的覆盖面窄、筹资渠道不畅、保障受益面小,而低收入人群健康风险大,低收入人群的医疗需求相对下降.对于贫困人口医疗救助存在的共性问题是:贫困人口的确定问题、资金的筹集与管理、医疗救助的内容与力度、如何建立贫困人口医疗救助的长效机制问题.     

城市贫困人口医疗救助利用及影响因素分析

城市居民贫困是近年来突现的重大社会问题.城市贫困Ё人口已愈来愈受到全社会的关注.近年来,我国较多采用城市居民最低生活保障来界定贫困者[1],家庭人均收入低于当地贫困线标准的居民视为贫困人口.贫困人口医疗救助是通过对特殊人群提供补贴的补助方式,利用医疗救助基金提高最需要获得卫生服务的特殊人群对卫生服务的可及性,在一定程度上可改善卫生服务分配的公平性[2].为掌握向贫困人口提供切实有效的基本卫生服务状况,我们于2006年11月对上海、广州、大连、武汉、长沙和重庆市6个试点城市共1116名贫困人口进行了同卷调查,并对城市贫困人口医疗救助利用情况及其影响因素进行分析,为进一步提高城市贫困人口医疗救助利用水平,建立和完善稳定的城市贫困人口医疗救助机制提供科学依据.     

医疗扶贫至关重要

正2015年6月,习近平总书记视察贵州时对贵州省开展医疗健康扶贫工作给予充分肯定,并明确要求"通过医疗救助扶持一批"。贵州省在全省开展提高农村贫困人口医疗救助保障水平促进精准扶贫试点工作,深入实施精准扶贫、精准脱贫,有效遏制和减少因病致贫、因病返贫问题,对推动贵州省扶贫攻坚取得新     

对我国城镇贫困人口医疗救助的思考

20世纪90年代以来，我国经济体制向市场化转轨，城镇地区也出现一定数量的贫困人口，现行的“低保”及职工基本医疗保险制度已不能解决城镇贫困人口的医疗困境。对城镇贫困人口实施医疗救助，一定程度上缓解了贫困人群因病致贫和因病返贫的问题。但是，我国开展医疗救助的时间还不长，仍然有许多工作要开展，包括明确政府职责，加强医疗救助资金的筹集与管理，提供多种形式的医疗救助，以及增加公共卫生投入、开展社区卫生服务等。     

我国农村医疗救助的现状研究

中国农村贫困地区卫生问题得到很大的改善,但是"因病致贫"和"因病返贫"的现状并没有得到根本解决.农村医疗救助政策正是针对农村地区贫困人口的就医问题的一项民生政策,本文从目前农村地区贫困人口的现状,卫生利用状况及医疗制度享受情况入手,就农村医疗救助的开展及实施情况,总结农村医疗救助在实施中所面临的问题,并提出相应建议,为农村医疗救助政策的完善提供一定的参考.     

浅谈我国城市贫困人口医疗救助的现状、问题及对策建议

随着中国社会结构的变化，如何解除城市贫困人口的医疗困境便成为救助城市贫困人口的主要内容之一。主要介绍了我国城市医疗救助的发展、实施现状及当前存在的主要问题，并提出进一步完善医疗救助制度的建议。     

四川:精准施策 基本医疗有保障

<正>四川省是全国脱贫攻坚任务最为繁重的省份之一。截至2016年年底,全省贫困人口380万,因病致贫、因病返贫人口达184万,患有大病和慢性病人数达72.97万。该省聚焦"基本医疗有保障"的目标,精准施策,推进健康扶贫工作。该省建立了"两保、三救助、三基金"的医疗救助体系。一是发挥基本医保、大病保险的主体作用。贫困人口县域内住院报销不设起付线,大病保险支付比例达到50%以     

基于信息平台下的结核病防治策略在实际工作中的运用

结核病是导致农业人群致贫的重要传染病。通过信息不畅下的结核病防治策略和基于信息平台下的结核病防治策略在工作效率与经济效益等方面的对比,指出基于信息平台下的结核病防治策略,对社会经济的发展和防治工作的开展都有促进意义．并对该策略提出建议。     

论新时期健康观与健康促进策略

健康是伴随一个人生命全过程中最重要的资本。国民健康与和谐社会、人力资本、国家强盛存在诸多良性互动关系。为提高全民族的健康保健水平，提出建立健康促进的教育体系、完善健康促进的运行体系、构建健康促进的法制体系等策略与措施。     

Justice, law and epidemiological data bases

An understanding of the characteristics of the law in the XXI century, facing a crisis of legitimacy characterized by risk and thus fear as the main lines defining the relationship between the society and science blur, supports the quest for a fair balance between individual protection and public development. This exercise was conducted with epidemiological data bases as its purpose. The interests of society that require data bases to be made available with full information on all aspects of people's lives were examined, in parallel to individual interests that demand the utmost respect for the private life of each member of society. The conclusion is that, in a risk society, the law requires the construction of mechanisms that allow public decision and control by all citizens of level of risk they are willing to accept. For the matter under examination, committees of citizens and experts, as well as grassroots groups, should decide on the construction, inputs and use of data bases. It would also be important to provide all practitioners within the legal system with information related to such subjects as health law.     

Effects of volunteering on the mental and physical health of senior citizens: significance of senior-volunteering from the view point of community health and welfare

In such an aging society as Japan, with decreasing number of children. Social activity of senior citizens is important for the well-being and the activation of whole societies. Promoting volunteer activities of senior citizens may serve as one useful plan; however, few researchers have examined the impact of volunteer work on the physical and mental health of senior citizens in Japan. In this study, a survey of previous studies that appeared after 1970 in North America, several findings were obtained: (1) Volunteering among senior citizens improves their mental well-being; (2) Few previous studies reported volunteering improves physical health such as protection for mortality and incidence of disability, compared to mental well-being; (3) Effects of volunteering might depend on gender, race, health status, socioeconomic conditions, and social networks of senior citizens--more impact can be expected on physical health of persons of advanced age; (4) Few previous studies focused on interactions of contents of volunteering programs; (5) Although several studies have reported that 40-100 volunteering hours per year were best quantitative level for health, this remains equivocal; (6) The conventional hypothesis that volunteering, through improvement in psychological, physical, and social factors, may improve ones health, needs assessment in terms of actual impact. Moreover, mechanisms of any influence remain to be clarified. From the point of practical use of volunteering as a health promotion program, it is necessary to explore better content and time engaged, as well as the numbers of groups to which senior citizens belong. Long-term longitudinal and intervention studies are desirable in this area in Japan, focusing on older candidates who are still healthy.     

中国城市贫困医疗救助的理念与制度设计

关于完善中国城市贫困医疗救助制度,方案设计的目标是一方面要提高贫困人口医疗服务的公平性和可及性,保障贫困人口享受基本医疗服务的权利,改善贫困人群的健康状况;另一方面是建立以社区卫生服务为基础的、多部门协调配合、全社会参与、具有可持续发展的贫困医疗救助制度。为实现上述目标,提出以社区卫生服务中心为运行平台,兼顾基本门诊和基本住院服务的救助方式,以财政救助资金为支柱,以社会筹集资金为补充的总体思路。     

The role of the health sector in addressing poverty

PURPOSE: To explore Canadian health sector initiatives addressing poverty. METHODS: Information about 224 health sector initiatives addressing poverty was collected from Health Canada, provincial/territorial health ministries, and health regions. RESULTS: Health Canada, 12 provincial/territorial health ministries, and at least one third of health regions have been undertaking poverty-related initiatives. Almost two thirds (64.7%) of initiatives focused on the consequences of poverty. Much less frequent were initiatives that aim to: raise awareness about poverty; prevent people from becoming poor; enhance skills and education of people in poverty; and alter social and economic conditions contributing to poverty. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: While strategies that focus on the consequences of poverty likely enhance the health of Canadians in poverty, these strategies do little to reduce poverty rates. Efforts to improve the health of both individual Canadians in poverty and society as a whole will be limited until the health sector uses more strategies that challenge fundamental structural conditions contributing to poverty.     

广州市越秀区社区老年人营养不良风险评估及影响因素分析

目的 通过研究掌握越秀区社区老年人的膳食营养状况和主要影响因素,探讨老年人营养不良干预适宜措施,为制订老年人营养改善策略提供科学依据.方法 选取广州市越秀区作为调查点,于2018-2020年,随机抽取4个社区,招募474名65岁及以上老年人参与问卷调查及体格检查.采用卫生行业标准《老年人营养不良风险评估(WS/T 55...     

治理视阈下公民参与“健康中国2030”战略的实施路径

2016年10月,中共中央国务院印发《"健康中国2030"规划纲要》,提出了把健康融入所有政策(Hi AP)及坚持共建共享、动员全社会参与两大原则。文章基于这一战略规划,分析我国健康领域社会治理中存在的主要矛盾,指出社会治理的协同性设计、全社会共同治理是我国卫生政策得以落实的关键。文章试图构建"以健康为中心"的社会治理机制,提出注重开辟公民个人参与健康治理的渠道、形成统一的健康共同价值观、深入探索建立社区医养结合健康服务模式参与健康中国建设。     

医院离退休职工思想政治教育研究

离退休职工是国民的重要组成部分,而医院离退休职工由于职业的特殊性,是离退休职工较为特殊的一个群体.解决好医院离退休职工的思想政治教育问题,是社会的一个重要课题,关系到和谐医院和和谐社会构建.该文从医院离退休职工的思想政治教育的意义及其现状作为切入点,分析其问题,探讨做好医院离退休职工的思想政治教育的对策.     

A dynamic evaluation and forecasts of primary disability among persons of the able-bodied age

The disability of the population of the able-bodied age causes an essential social-and-economic damage to society, because the whole "labor resource" and "the resource" ensuring the reproduction of new generations are concentrated within the mentioned life age interval. A 9-year profound study of the primary disability among the citizens of the Perm Region led to defining the main regularities and trends of prevalence and of causes of getting disabled. A forecast of the process of the able-bodied population getting disabled was made until 2005 for the whole region and for the main categories of diseases; solutions to resolving the discussed problem are defined.