核素显像与肿瘤治疗

综述了当前用于监测肿瘤治疗疗效的各种核素显像技术如普通显像、免疫显像、分子核医学显像、代谢显像等,并对各种技术的特点和应用进行了评价。     

核素显像与肿瘤治疗

综述了当前用于监测肿瘤治疗疗效的各种核素显像技术如普通显像、免疫显像、分子核医学显像、代谢显像等,并对各种技术的特点和应用进行了评价.     

乳腺癌放射免疫显像的研究进展

放射免疫显像（ＲＩＳ）是一种新的无创性乳腺癌检查方法，是核医学和免疫学结合的产物。随着基础研究的进一步深入和基因工程技术的进一步提高，放射免疫显像越来越受到人们的重视。     

核医学分子靶向诊断与治疗

核医学是利用放射性核素及其标记化合物用于临床医学疾病诊治和基础医学研究的一门学科,它是核技术、电子技术、计算机技术、化学、物理和生物学等现代科学技术与医学相结合的产物,是目前最成熟的分子影像技术之一,也是现代医学的重要组成部分。核医学体外分析、分子功能显像及靶向治疗可用于疾病的早期诊断与治疗。     

18F-FDG代谢显像在乳腺癌中的应用

乳腺癌疾病的早期诊断一直是临床研究的热点。18-氟代脱氧葡萄糖(18F-FDG)代谢显像由于其功能性显像的技术特点，在乳腺癌的临床诊断应用中具有重要价值。综述18F-FDG代谢显像在诊断和鉴别诊断乳腺癌原发灶、探测腋窝和远处淋巴结转移、对乳腺癌进行分期及预后分析和疗效评价等的应用及研究进展。     

核素示踪技术分子功能影像在肿瘤诊治中应用及进展

核素示踪技术的功能影像在肿瘤诊治中的广泛应用进一步提高了诊治水平，主要技术有受体显像、代谢显像、乏氧显像、人源化的基因工程重组单抗片段放射免疫显像、标记反义探针基因显像和RNA干扰显像。全文综述核素示踪技术分子功能影像在肿瘤核医学应用研究热点。     

^18F—FDG代谢显像在乳腺癌中的应用

乳腺癌疾病的早期诊断是一直是临床研究的热点。18－氟代脱氧葡萄糖（^18F-FDG)代谢显像由于其功能性显像的技术特点，在乳腺癌的临床诊断应用中具有重要价值。综述^18F-FDG代谢显像在诊断和鉴别诊断乳腺癌原发灶，探测腋窝和远处淋巴结转移，对乳腺癌进行分期及预后分析和疗效评价等的应用及研究进展。     

放射性反义核酸与反义显像和反义治疗

反义显像和放射性核素反义治疗使核医学领域内对肿瘤诊断和治疗进入基因水平。本文介绍反义显像在肿瘤基因诊断中放射性核素反义治疗在肿瘤治疗方面的研究进展,并对两者在实际应用中的若干技术问题进行了探讨。     

探测疾病分子动态的尖兵—正电子断层显像（PET）——浙江大学医学PET中心、浙江大学医学院附属第二医院核医学科简介

分子影像是一门近几年发展起来的新学科领域,它使疾病在分子、基因水平上的早期诊断和监测以及进一步地评价疗效成为可能。目前,最常用的分子显像方法主要有核医学成像技术,磁共振成像技术和光学成像技术。这些成像技术各有特点,核医学成像技术,特别是正电子断层显像(PET)最适合于非侵袭地活体监测体内分子水平的生化动态,具有实际的临床和基础研究意义。     

乳腺癌EGF受体核素显像诊断和靶向治疗

目前临床上早期诊断及治疗乳腺癌的方法存在着各种局限性,非侵袭性表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)介导的放射性核素显像诊断及核素靶向治疗,以其独到的功能显像和分子治疗展示了未来乳腺癌早期定性诊断和微创治疗的美好前景.现综述乳腺癌EGFR核素显像诊断和核素靶向治疗的研究进展.     

核医学分子影像在分化型甲状腺癌中的应用现状与进展

分化型甲状腺癌因其发病率逐年升高而引人关注,核医学诊疗是其诊疗过程中重要的一环。随着新型示踪剂的发展,核医学分子影像检查对于在体显示甲状腺癌特定的分子特征及表达水平有重要价值,并可实现基于在体分子特征评估指导下的精准靶向治疗。现就核医学分子影像在评估分化型甲状腺癌分化表型特征和非分化表型特征两方面的应用与进展进行综述。     

放射性核素分子成像在肿瘤精准诊疗中的临床应用

肿瘤的诊疗理念经历了从经验医学到循证医学的过渡,已步入“精准医学”的发展阶段。在精准医学中,精准诊断是指导临床决策、制定个体化诊治方案的重要依据,是实施精准治疗的必要前提。然而,由于恶性肿瘤具有时空异质性,给肿瘤精准诊断带来挑战,严重制约了肿瘤精准医疗效率的提升。分子影像能够实现肿瘤关键靶点的分子水平定性、定量检测,兼具解剖形态学和功能代谢检测的特点,能够更全面、直观地揭示肿瘤恶性生物学行为,从而为肿瘤精准诊断、指导肿瘤靶向及免疫治疗提供科学依据。借助多功能分子成像探针平台携载治疗药物或选择同时具有成像和治疗作用的放射性核素进行标记,分子影像又能同时实现肿瘤的精准治疗。因此,基于分子影像的精准医学可视化将在基础研究、转化医学以及健康医学领域发挥重要作用,尤其是随着分子影像技术的飞速发展,分子成像早已走出实验室,进入临床转化的关键阶段。其中,放射性核素分子成像凭借独特的优势走到了转化应用的技术前沿,为实现肿瘤精准诊疗带来新的机遇。本文将重点综述目前放射性核素分子影像在临床精准诊断中发挥的作用和价值,以期为致力于肿瘤研究的医务工作者和科研人员提供最新的技术讯息及研发思路。      

Molecular nuclear imaging: the radiopharmaceuticals (review)

Application of the nuclear approach for the detection of inherited diseases is an important goal for nuclear medicine and will likely result in an important breakthrough, which will, hopefully, lead to improved diagnoses of genetic defects and objective evaluations of the efficacy of therapeutic strategies. Although still largely in the research realm, molecular imaging is in the process of emerging as a vital component of the diagnosis of disease and monitoring of the therapy. The clinical research in nuclear medicine has made major advancements in the direction of molecular medicine and targeted therapy. In the past few years, exponential achievements have been accomplished in the development of molecular nuclear imaging agents, as described below.     

Breast imaging: A survey

Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women. It occurs when cells in the breast start to grow out of proportion and invade neighboring tissues or spread throughout the body. Mammography is one of the most effective and popular modalities presently used for breast cancer screening and detection. Efforts have been made to improve the accuracy of breast cancer diagnosis using different imaging modalities. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging have been used to detect breast cancers in high risk patients. Recently, electrical impedance imaging and nuclear medicine techniques are also being widely used for breast cancer screening and diagnosis. In this paper, we discuss the capabilities of various breast imaging modalities.     

Molecular imaging for the characterization of breast tumors

Recently, molecular imaging, using various techniques, has been assessed for breast imaging. Molecular imaging aims to quantify and visualize biological, physiological, and pathological processes at the cellular and molecular levels to further elucidate the development and progression of breast cancer and the response to treatment. Molecular imaging enables the depiction of tumor morphology, as well as the assessment of functional and metabolic processes involved in cancer development at different levels. To date, molecular imaging techniques comprise both nuclear medicine and radiological techniques. This review aims to summarize the current and emerging functional and metabolic techniques for the molecular imaging of breast tumors.     

Molecular Breast Imaging: Role as a Screening Modality

This review provides a summary of the current state of molecular breast imaging (MBI), its applications in breast imaging, and potential use in breast cancer screening. MBI is a novel nuclear medicine technique that uses a dual-head dedicated breast gamma camera and technetium-99m sestamibi as a radiotracer. In this review, the basic concepts of molecular breast imaging will be described and clinical studies on MBI and breast-specific gamma imaging (BSGI) will be summarized. Based on the present literature, MBI is one of the best supplemental imaging modalities to mammography and has the potential to become a screening modality if the radiotracer dosage can be reduced.     

Nanomedicine for drug delivery and imaging: a promising avenue for cancer therapy and diagnosis using targeted functional nanoparticles

The diagnosis and treatment of cancer or tumor at the cellular level will be greatly improved with the development of techniques that enable the delivery of analyte probes and therapeutic agents into cells and cellular compartments. Organic and inorganic nanoparticles that interface with biological systems have recently attracted widespread interest in the fields of biology and medicine. The new term nanomedicine has been used recently. Nanoparticles are considered to have the potential as novel intravascular or cellular probes for both diagnostic (imaging) and therapeutic purposes (drug/gene delivery), which is expected to generate innovations and play a critical role in medicine. Target-specific drug/gene delivery and early diagnosis in cancer treatment is one of the priority research areas in which nanomedicine will play a vital role. Some recent breakthroughs in this field recently also proved this trend. Nanoparticles for drug delivery and imaging have gradually been developed as new modalities for cancer therapy and diagnosis. In this article, we review the significance and recent advances of gene/drug delivery to cancer cells, and the molecular imaging and diagnosis of cancer by targeted functional nanoparticles.     

乏氧诱导因子的转化医学研究进展

乏氧诱导因子（HIFs）是机体器官组织中氧分压改变后发生一系列自适应反应的重要调节因子,在血管异常增生以及肿瘤发生发展的各种病理生理变化过程中起重要作用。乏氧可显著增加肿瘤侵袭性和对放化疗的抗拒性,是肿瘤治疗的一大难题。深入开展肿瘤乏氧分子影像、乏氧相关基因表达谱的转化医学研究,指导肿瘤个体化治疗的计划制定和预后评价是肿瘤治疗发展的方向。本文拟对上述研究进展做一综述,并探讨其进一步成为转化医学研究和潜在临床应用的可能性。     

Review: Deoxyglucose compounds labeled with isotopes different from 18-fuoride: is there a future in clinical practice?

There are several radionuclide-labeled derivatives of deoxyglucose (DG) that have been developed including 2-fluro-deoxyglucose, ethylenedicysteine-deoxyglucose, diethylenetriaminepentaacetate-deoxyglucose, N-(2'-hydroxybenzyl)-2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose, and methyl D-glucoside that were synthesized and successfully labeled in high labeling fields. The former 4 were used for tumor imaging and methyl-D-glucoside for the diagnosis and the monitoring of the functional status of renal tubules. These derivatives are suitable for imaging examinations when labeled with either fluorine-18 (18F), technetium-99m (99mTc), carbon-11 (11C), or gallium-68 (68Ga). These compounds are suitable both for imaging and for therapy if labeled with rhenium-188 (188Re). In the area of molecular imaging of nuclear medicine, derivatives of radionuclide-labeled deoxyglucose will become an important tool for the diagnosis and carcinoma treatment in the clinic.