射频消融联合动脉栓塞治疗肝脏巨大血管瘤的疗效分析（英文）

目的：对射频消融（RFA）联合动脉栓塞（TAE）治疗巨大肝血管瘤的疗效进行回顾性分析。方法：对2004年至2008年应用RFA联合TAE模式治疗的27例巨大肝血管瘤患者进行回顾性分析,共纳入31个瘤体,直径6cm-18.5cm。所有患者首先给予TAE治疗（一次或多次）,在包块明显缩小后,进而给予RFA治疗。随访时间为12-64月（最后一次RFA治疗后,中位时间38个月）。所有患者均根据增强CT结果评价疗效。结果：本组患者无严重并发症以及死亡发生。RFA治疗3个月后,21例患者的症状减轻或消失（77.8%）。并且第一次增强CT示瘤体明显缩小,其中完全坏死率为71.0%（22/31）。对于9个提示血流存在的病灶,再次行RFA治疗。至随访结束,10/31（32.3%）已回缩瘤体显示增强信号,其中5个瘤体直径增大。结论：TAE＋RFA是治疗巨大肝血管瘤的一种安全有效的模式。     

Fe3O4微粒碘油平阳霉素乳剂介入栓塞治疗海绵状肝血管瘤的疗效观察

目的 探讨Fe3O4微粒碘油平阳霉素乳剂介入肝动脉栓塞术治疗的海绵状肝血管瘤的疗效.方法 随访观察3年来在我院行Fe3O4微粒碘油平阳霉素乳剂介入肝动脉栓塞术治疗海绵状肝血管瘤的患者61例,对海绵状肝血管瘤患者介入栓塞术成功率、治疗前后CT复查的瘤体大小的变化、术后并发症、肝功能等进行统计分析.结果 本组患者的介入栓塞术成功率为100%,病灶随术后时间的增加呈进行性缩小.木组研究患者(n=61),术前瘤体直径(8.47±2.27)cm,术后3个月时瘤体直径(5.75±1.40)cm,术后6个月时瘤体直径(3.51±0.82)cm,3个时期瘤体直径大小差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).治疗对肝功能无影响,除部分患者出现术后低热和肝区疼痛外,无严重并发症.结论 Fe3O4微粒碘油平阳霉素乳剂介入栓塞治疗海绵状肝血管瘤是一种安全、有效、微创的治疗方法.     

选择性肝动脉栓塞术治疗肝血管瘤的疗效观察

目的探讨选择性肝动脉栓塞术在肝血管瘤患者中的应用情况。方法选择2011年3月至2013年2月间诊治的32例肝血管瘤患者作为研究对象,均采用选择性肝动脉栓塞术治疗,平阳霉素碘油乳剂栓塞瘤体,明胶海绵栓塞供血动脉,随访12个月,观察患者的临床治疗效果。结果选择性肝动脉栓塞术操作成功率为100.0%,且术后无严重并发症发生。随访6个月时,患者的治疗有效率为93.8%,血管瘤直径由术前的(9.2±1.9)cm缩小至(6.9±1.7)cm,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);生活质量评分也明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随访12个月时,患者的治疗有效率为96.9%;血管瘤直径缩小至(3.2±1.0)cm,与术前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);生活质量评分进一步明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论选择性肝动脉栓塞术在肝血管瘤患者中的应用效果满意且安全性好,能够明显缩小血管瘤,提高患者的生活质量。     

平阳霉素碘油乳剂栓塞治疗肝血管瘤的疗效分析

目的探讨平阳霉素碘油乳剂栓塞治疗肝血管瘤的临床疗效。方法对86例肝血管瘤患者行栓塞治疗,行股动脉穿刺,超选择性插管肝血管瘤供血动脉,注入平阳霉素碘油乳剂。结果所有患者在术后3、6和12个月复查CT,见瘤体内碘油沉积良好,瘤体明显缩小,碘油聚集征象明确。83例患者瘤体缩小约80.0%～90.0%,另3例患者瘤体缩小约40.0%～50.0%。86例患者的临床症状完全缓解率为100%。术后均未出现胆囊坏死、肝脓肿、肝坏死等严重并发症。结论平阳霉素碘油乳剂经肝动脉栓塞治疗肝血管瘤疗效肯定,并发症少,成功率高,是一种较为理想的治疗方法。     

平阳霉素碘油乳剂超选择动脉栓塞治疗肝血管瘤的观察

为了探讨平阳霉素碘油乳剂超选择栓塞化疗治疗肝血管瘤(HCH)的临床疗效和治疗体会,对23例HCH患者采用平阳霉素碘油乳剂超选择性动脉插管动脉栓塞治疗,观察治疗前和治疗后6、12个月时患者临床症状、肿瘤大小的变化以及出现的并发症.23例患者在术后6和12个月复查CT,见瘤体血供消失,其内碘油沉积良好,并出现瘤体缩小、碘油聚积征象.术前血管瘤直径为(8.1±2.2)cm,术后6个月血管瘤直径为(5.4±1.3)cm,术后12个月血管瘤直径为(3.4±1.2)cm.治疗前有临床症状者治疗后缓解或消失,术后均未出现胆囊坏死、胆管狭窄和肝坏死等严重并发症发生.初步研究结果提示,超选择性肝动脉插管平阳霉素碘油乳剂栓塞治疗巨大HCH是一种疗效肯定、相对安全较为理想的治疗方法.     

经肝动脉栓塞治疗肝海绵状血管瘤(附26例)

目的:观察经肝动脉栓塞治疗肝海绵状血管瘤的临床疗效和安全性.方法:对26例肝海绵状血管瘤经股动脉或左锁骨下动脉入路插管,超选择至肿瘤供血动脉,采用平阳霉素与无水乙醇或碘化油、明胶海绵进行栓塞治疗,1年内随访疗效及不良反应.结果:26例患者介入治疗成功率100%,肿瘤完全消失者6例,瘤体缩小＞50%者17例,瘤体缩小不足50%者2例,瘤体无变化者 1例,无瘤体进展者;总有效率为95.1%;所有患者未出现严重并发症.结论:经肝动脉栓塞治疗肝海绵状血管瘤是一种安全、简便、有效的方法.     

18FDG-PET/CT对评价TACE联合RFA治疗原发性肝癌的效果的价值

背景与目的:原发性肝癌经动脉导管栓塞化疗(transcatheterarterialchemo-embolization,TACE)联合射频消融(radiofrequencyablation,RFA)治疗后,CT扫描对判断是否有肿瘤残留存在一定的困难,而18FDG-PET/CT(18-fluorodeoxyglucose-positronemissiontomograply/CT)在判断肿瘤残留上具有优势。本研究对13例原发性肝癌经TACE联合RFA治疗周后,采用CT和18FDG-PET/CT检查是否存在肿瘤残留,分析CT和18FDG-PET/CT在判断肿瘤残留上的差异,并根据18FDG-PET/CT的结果指导肿瘤治疗。方法:本组13例原发性肝癌患者共有18个病变,肿瘤最长直径为0.8～16.0cm。12例为初治病例;1例为肝癌手术后复发,肝内共发现有3个病变。经过TACE联合RFA治疗后2～3周,对比CT和18FDG-PET/CT检查的结果;如发现有肿瘤残留,在2～3周内对其进一步行RFA治疗。结果:13例患者经一次TACE联合一次RFA治疗2～3周,经病变区域活检及数字减影血管造影等检查发现11例有部分肿瘤残留,肿瘤残留最长直径为1.0～2.1cm;CT增强扫描检查检出5例,18FDG-PET/CT检出有10例残留,CT与18FDG-PET/CT检出率分别为45.4%及90.9%。根据检查结果,在2～3周内经过第二次RFA治疗后,18FDG-PET/CT检查发现10例患者肿瘤无残留,另1例6周后复查18FDG-PET/CT发现肝内病变未控,患者带瘤生存。结论:原发性肝癌经TACE联合RFA治疗以及手术后,18FDG-PET/CT对判断肿瘤残留以及根据检查结果指导RFA治疗较CT检查具有更大的优势。     

单次经皮射频消融治疗小肝癌的预后及复发危险因素分析

背景与目的:射频消融( radiofrequency ablation, RFA)治疗作为肝癌局部治疗的新技术,近年得到了广泛的应用.本研究分析肝癌 RFA治疗的疗效和复发相关因素,并探索 RFA治疗的适应证.方法:采用回顾性队列研究方法,分析 2001年 1月至 2003年 12月期间, 94例在中山医院肝癌研究所行 RFA治疗的原发性小肝癌患者的 102个病灶,随访期至 2004年 3月.采用 SPSS 11.5统计软件对数据进行处理.结果: 94例患者的中位随访期为 16个月, RFA治疗后的 1年累积生存率为 85.5%, 2年累积生存率为 75.6%; 1年累积无瘤生存率为 31.3%, 2年累积无瘤生存率为 10.4%.共有 62例患者( 66.0%)复发.单因素分析显示复发与下列 3个因素有关:肿瘤近血管 (P< 0.01)、位于肝包膜下 (P< 0.05)、直径 >3 cm (P< 0.05);而与性别、 Child分级、 AFP值、是否联合瘤内无水乙醇注射治疗无关. Cox多因素分析显示:肿瘤近血管 (P=0.000, 95%可信区间为 2.102～ 7.899)、位于肝包膜下 (P=0.001, 95%可信区间为 1.672～ 6.289)是 RFA治疗后复发的独立危险因素.较严重并发症的发生率为 2.1% (2/94,胆道出血 1例,膈下积液 1例 ).未发生与手术相关的死亡.结论: RFA是一种安全的肝癌治疗方法.直径≤ 3 cm、不近肝内血管、非包膜下肿块是肝肿瘤 RFA治疗的适应证.     

肝细胞癌腹腔镜射频消融治疗前后活检组织端粒酶活性检测对治疗效果评价的意义

目的探讨肝细胞癌腹腔镜射频消融(LRFA)治疗前后活检组织端粒酶活性检测对治疗效果评价的价值.方法2001年8月至2004年10月,34例肝细胞癌合并肝硬化患者在全麻下行LRFA治疗.其中男性27例,女性7例,平均年龄49.9±11.7岁.平均肿瘤直径4.0±1.0cm.肿瘤均位于肝脏表面、肝左外叶或临近胆囊等空腔脏器.LRFA治疗前后,分别对瘤体行腹腔镜超声检查及活检,所得微量组织采用ELISA-TRAP法行端粒酶活性检测及病理学检查.结果所有病例均顺利完成LRFA治疗.RFA治疗前,病理学诊断阳性率为100%(34/34),端粒酶活性阳性率为91.2%(31/34);RFA治疗后,病理学检查均未发现肿瘤细胞,端粒酶活性阳性率26.5%(9/34).术后1个月螺旋CT增强扫描提示肿瘤完全坏死率达100%.随访7～40个月(中位21个月),9例RFA治疗后端粒酶表达阳性的患者中,8例射频治疗部位复发;而25例RFA治疗后端粒酶表达阴性的患者中,2例发现肝内新病灶.结论肝细胞癌合并肝硬化患者LRFA治疗后,活检组织端粒酶活性检测对LRFA治疗效果的评价及预后具有一定的参考价值.     

经皮肝穿刺射频消融术对肝癌的疗效观察

目的 观察经皮肝穿刺射频消融术对肝癌的热消融作用及其适应证。方法在局麻或硬膜外麻醉下及B超引导下,射频穿刺电极经皮穿刺入肝癌瘤体内,对其进行消融。结果60例患者的96个瘤体中,直径<3.5 cm的41个(42.7％)瘤体获得一次手术热消融。其中,38个完全缓解(CR),3个部分缓解(PR),有效率(CR+PR)100％。41个瘤体中,36个经CT或MRI随访6～24个月,未见复发。直径≥3.5 cm～12 cm的55个(57.3％)瘤体可分2,3次手术,术后1～3个月CT或MRI提示,瘤体CR 2个,PR 37个,CR+PR70％。结论经皮肝穿刺射频消融术治疗肝癌,对直径<3.5 em的瘤体疗效可靠,对直径≥3.5 cm的瘤体仍具有部分热消融的作用。     

射频消融联合肝动脉栓塞化疗及盐酸注射治疗肝癌

目的 探讨射频消融(RFA)联合肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)及盐酸治疗不能手术切除的肝癌的效果.方法 尉40例肝癌应用RFA联合TACE及盐酸治疗的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 原发性肝癌(PHT)30例,转移性肝癌(MPT)10例.治疗后影像学显示病灶好转或稳定39例.盐酸破坏30例中治疗前甲胎蛋白阳性26例,术后降至正常26例.未发生严重并发症.结论 RFA联合TACE及盐酸破坏肿瘤系安全、可耐受、有效的新的综合治疗方法,可提高不能切除的肝癌的治疗效果.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the effect of radio frequency ablation (RFA) combined with transcatherterarterial chemo embolization (TACE) and percutaneous puncture hydrochloric acid injection(PHI) for hepatic tumors unable to resection. Methods The clinical data of 40 cases of patients with unable resection liver cancer (URLC) treated by RFA combined with TACE and PEI were analyzed retrospectively.Results There were 30 cases of primary hepatic tumor(PHT) and 10 cases of metastasis hepatic tumor(MPT) , in this series. Examination of ultrasound, CT and MRI showed the tumors shrink or steady in 39 patients.Among 30 patients with damage by ethanol, 18 cases were AFP positive before treatment and 16 cases of them AFP decreased to normal level after operation. No severe complication was seen in the series. Conclusion RFA combined with TACE and PEI is a safe, well tolerable and effective method for hepatic cancer, and may improve the treatment efficacy of URLC.     

Radiofrequency ablation and percutaneous ethanol injection in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma--a comparative study using Japan Integrated Staging Score (JIS score) system

The patients were classified according to the Japan Integrated Staging (JIS) score and a comparison examination of the long-term therapeutic response of 149 unresectable hepatocellular carcinomas: 90 of them given percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI), and 59 of them given radiofrequency ablation (RFA) who were diagnosed with 3 cm or less in diameters of tumor and less than three nodules, or 5 cm or less single nodule, was carried out in retrospective. To all the tumors exceeding 3 cm in diameter, we added transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) prior to PEI or RFA. Ninety four percent of PEI cases and 25% of RFA cases received a combination therapy with TAE, respectively. The three-year survivals were 86%, 76%, and 56% in PEI and 96%, 83%, and 68% in RFA for JIS-0, 1, and 2, respectively. The five-year survivals were 69% and 53% in PEI and 95% and 83% in RFA for JIS-0 and 1, respectively. The significant difference in the probability of survival was not confirmed among both treatments. We conclude that the combination therapy, such as combined use of TAE, PEI and RFA as local treatment, can expect almost equivalent effectiveness for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.     

Radiofrequency ablation combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma--CT examination during the follow-up period

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) combined with transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) can increase the volume of coagulation necrosis to treat patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Furthermore, in clinical practice, RFA combined with TAE using iodized oil and gelatin sponge often induced the sub-segmental or segmental necrosis toward the liver periphery of the ablated lesion. In this study, we compared the CT findings and histological characteristics of peripherally spreading necrosis induced by this combination therapy for 12 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. In all cases, complete necrosis of ablated lesions and peripherally spreading necrotic areas were confirmed by CT examination. The histochemical (lactate-dehydrogenase, maleate-dehydrogenase, and NADPH-diaphorase) stained specimens, biopsies from ablated lesions and peripherally spreading necrotic areas, were absent suggesting a 100% cellular destruction. No incomplete local treatments after the therapy were obtained during the 4-26 months of follow-up periods. We conclude that RFA combined with TAE using iodized oil and gelatin sponge makes it possible to induce the segmental or sub-segmental necrosis including tumors.     

Radiofrequency ablation after transarterial embolization as therapy for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

Purpose

To evaluate the usefulness of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) followed by radiofrequency ablation (RFA) as combined treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Patients and methods

Thirty-six consecutive patients (cirrhosis, Child-Pugh class A or B) with solitary or oligonodular HCC were treated (41 lesions; mean size, 58.9 mm; range, 30–120 mm). RFA was performed after one TAE treatment. Local efficacy was evaluated with multiphasic computed tomography (CT) performed an average of two months after RFA and once during later follow-up.

Results

The mean follow-up period was 16 months (range, 2–45 months). Technical success (namely, complete tumor devascularization during the arterial phase) was achieved for 59% of lesions at the first CT evaluation and for 46% at the second evaluation. Among prognostic factors included in the analysis, only lesion diameter (<50 mm versus ≥50 mm) was statistically significant in terms of predicting local success (Fisher's exact test: 85% versus 43% at first CT, p < 0.01; 70% versus 36% during follow-up, p = 0.05). There were no major periprocedural complications. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed survival rates of 84% at 12 months and 57% at 24 months.

Conclusions

Combined therapy – TAE then RFA – for unresectable HCC lesions in patients with cirrhosis produces a relatively high complete local response rate compared with TAE or RFA alone. Our results, considered with those from other case series, may help design prospective, randomized clinical trials to test combination therapy versus single-modality therapy in terms of risks and benefits.     

血管介入栓塞择机手术治疗四肢巨大蔓状血管瘤

目的 :探讨有效治疗四肢巨大蔓状血管瘤的方法。方法 :自 1994～ 2 0 0 1年收治四肢血管畸形或血管瘤 5 36例 ,其中 9例四肢巨大蔓状血管瘤 ,在DSA下超选择性栓塞供瘤动脉后 ,进行手术切除。结果 :超选择供瘤动脉栓塞后 ,瘤体体积缩小 ,边界相对清楚 ,手术切除较彻底 ,避免了术中致命性出血 ,缩短了手术时间 ,最大限度地保留正常组织 ,外形和功能恢复好。结论 :供瘤动脉栓塞联合手术切除是治疗四肢巨大蔓状血管瘤的最佳方法     

人工腹水辅助超声引导射频消融治疗膈顶部原发性肝癌

目的 探讨人工腹水辅助超声引导射频消融（radiofrequency ablation, RFA）治疗膈顶部肝细胞癌（hepatocellular carcinoma, HCC）的可行性、安全性及临床应用价值。方法 回顾性分析2010年1月至2012年12月间于广西医科大学第一附属医院行人工腹水辅助超声引导RFA治疗膈顶部HCC的22例患者25个病灶的临床资料,参照Seldinger穿刺技术并进行改进,用5-F动脉鞘管置入肝与腹膜之间的膈顶部建立人工腹水,使得膈顶部肿瘤显示清楚或穿刺路径完全暴露。并对人工腹水辅助下射频消融治疗的成功率、安全性进行分析。结果 本组88.0%（22/25）病例成功建立人工腹水,膈顶部病灶位置及范围得以完全显示并显示穿刺路径。所有患者注入的人工腹水均于术后3天内完全自行吸收。本组未发生腹腔内出血、腹膜炎、血胸、气胸等严重的并发症,无手术相关死亡病例。术后一月增强CT/MR随访复查提示所有病灶消融完全,无肿瘤局部残留。结论 建立人工腹水后可使得原位于超声盲区无法进行RFA治疗的膈顶部肿瘤得以清楚显示,拓宽了RFA治疗适应证;人工腹水辅助超声引导射频消融治疗膈顶部HCC安全、简易、可行,有较高临床应用价值。     

射频消融术加肝动脉化疗栓塞术治疗原发性肝癌

目的探讨超声导向射频消融术(RFA)联合肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)治疗原发性肝癌的治疗效果。方法应用超声引导下对80例原发性肝癌患者进行RFA联合TACE(治疗组)和对70例肝癌患者进行射频消融术,比较观察该法治疗组与单纯射频消融治疗组治疗前、后肿瘤大小、血供变化及临床疗效。结果该法治疗组与单纯射频消融治疗组术后肿瘤血供消失和减少率分别为95%、70%;3个月复查彩超肿瘤缩小25%以上者分别为90%、85.7%。结论射频消融联合肝动脉化疗栓塞术是一种有效治疗肝癌的新方法。同时,彩超为实时观察肝癌血供状态,声像图变化提供重要依据,在指导治疗和判定疗效方面有重要意义。     

冷循环射频消融治疗肝脏肿瘤42例报告

探讨冷循环射频消融治疗肝脏肿瘤的可行性和有效性。应用冷循环电极射频消融治疗42例肝脏肿瘤60个结节。37例在局麻超声引导下、2例在腹腔镜辅助下和3例在开腹术中行射频消融,射频消融治疗75点次。治疗后通过CT和MR随访,随访时间2～14个月,肿瘤完全低密度灶者占70%(42/60),增强扫描局部病灶有强化(残留或复发)8.3%(5/60)。初步研究结果提示,冷循环射频消融治疗肝脏肿瘤是有效和安全的。     

Results of liver resection in combination with radiofrequency ablation for hepatic malignancies

Introduction

Liver tumors should be surgically treated whenever possible. In the case of bilobar disease or coexisting liver cirrhosis, surgical options are limited. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has been successfully used for irresectable liver tumors. The combination of hepatic resection and RFA extends the feasibility of open surgical procedures in patients with liver metastases and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Patients and methods

RFA was performed with two different monopolar devices using ultrasound guidance. Intraoperative use of RFA for the treatment of liver metastases or HCC was limited to otherwise irresectable tumors during open surgical procedures including hepatic resections. Irresectability was considered if bilobar disease was treated, the functional hepatic reserve was impaired or appraised marginal for allowing further resection.

Results

Ten patients with both liver metastases and HCC, and two patients with cholangiocellular carcinoma were treated. Complete initial tumor clearance was achieved in all patients. Two patients of the metastases group and five patients of the HCC group suffered from local recurrence after a median of 12 months (1–26) (local recurrence rate 32%). Five patients of the metastases group and six patients of the HCC group developed recurrent tumors in different areas of the ablation site after a median time of 4 months (2–18) (distant intrahepatic recurrence in 55%). Survival at 31 months was 36%.

Conclusion

RFA extends the scope of surgery in some candidates with intraoperatively found irresectability.