共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 250 毫秒
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外泌体是一种双层脂质膜连接囊泡样小体,存在于各种体液中,参与细胞及肿瘤微环境之间的物质运输和信号传递。外泌体含有多种生物活性分子,包括脂质、蛋白质、DNA、mRNA以及非编码RNA,可以通过这些活性分子影响肿瘤的发生和发展,甚至可以影响肿瘤的治疗。胰腺癌是一种常见的恶性肿瘤,侵袭性强,预后较差,死亡率高。胰腺癌来源的外泌体是胰腺肿瘤微环境中的重要组成部分,促使胰腺癌细胞成功逃避细胞凋亡的重要因素,并且可以促进肝脏转移微环境的形成。近年来,与胰腺癌相关的外泌体逐渐成为新的研究热点,研究发现外泌体有望成为早期胰腺癌筛查的新型生物学标志,并将为胰腺癌靶向治疗提供可行的技术基础。 相似文献
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唐卫中 《中国癌症防治杂志》2019,11(1):26-29
外泌体是一种由细胞分泌的具有双层脂质结构的细胞外囊泡,富含蛋白质、脂质和核酸等多种重要生物活性物质,可通过细胞间物质运输和信号传递发挥重要生物学功能。结直肠癌是全球常见的消化道恶性肿瘤,近年来越来越多的研究表明,外泌体参与结直肠癌的发生发展、侵袭、转移等重要过程,在结直肠癌的诊断、治疗、预后评估等方面具有重要的研究价值和临床价值。本文就外泌体在结直肠癌发生发展、诊断和治疗等方面的研究进行综述。 相似文献
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外泌体是内体循环途径的最终产物,主要来源于细胞内溶酶体微粒内陷形成的晚期核内体,经核内体外膜与细胞膜融合后释放到胞外基质中,与其他类型的细胞外囊泡不同。疾病来源的外泌体在全身的体液中都可检测到,且其内含有来源细胞的所有分子谱,因此外泌体成为液体活检中的后起之秀。外泌体是细胞间交换物质、传递信息的重要信使。外泌体介导的细胞间信息交流,既可影响正常的生理过程,在包括肿瘤在内的多种疾病发生发展中也发挥关键作用。本文概述了多种外泌体生物标志物的最新研究进展,尤其是在恶性肿瘤诊断、肿瘤发展监控、监测治疗反应和评估预后中的应用。 相似文献
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外泌体是一种可以携带源细胞多种信息成分,直径30~130 nm的一种生物活性小囊泡。大量研究发现外泌体是由肿瘤细胞或肿瘤微环境细胞分泌的,并通过相互作用影响B细胞肿瘤的增殖、血管生成、耐药和免疫逃逸。同时,外泌体也可作为一种新兴的生物学标志物,用于B细胞肿瘤的诊断和预后判断。另外,外泌体作为天然、无免疫源性的药物载体具有良好的治疗潜能。文章就着重阐述外泌体在B细胞肿瘤诊疗中的研究进展。 相似文献
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外泌体是纳米级、双层膜的囊泡,由多种细胞分泌,广泛存在于多种体液中.外泌体中含有RNA和蛋白质等多种活性物质,在细胞物质间和信号转导中起重要作用.非编码RNA具有重要的基因表达调控功能,在多种肿瘤的发生、发展过程中起重要作用.外泌体源性非编码RNA的研究是目前新的研究热点,现就外泌体及外泌体源性非编码RNA在消化系统恶性肿瘤中的研究进展进行综述. 相似文献
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外泌体具有保护作用的膜结构和内选择性富集的核酸分子和蛋白分子,已成为肿瘤潜在的液体活检生物标志物的重要来源。外泌体还可将其内容物运输到靶细胞,参与多种生理或病理过程,包括肿瘤免疫等,在机体应对多种应激和极端环境暴露过程中起到重要调节作用。肿瘤等疾病组织环境复杂,细胞类型多样,细胞内环境在各种应激和极端条件刺激下对外泌体的形成及分泌产生不同影响,反之外泌体也可作为反映细胞感受刺激后内在变化的一种可检测追踪的标志物。本文概述了外泌体在肿瘤标志物和肿瘤免疫,应激和极端条件下的生物学功能和机制以及外泌体提取及示踪技术研究手段进展。 相似文献
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Pancreatic cancer is one of the most deadly cancers, with dismal prognosis due to its poor early detection rate and high metastatic rate. Thus, elucidation of the molecular mechanisms accounting for its metastasis and discovery of competent biomarkers is required. Exosomes are multivesicular body-derived small extracellular vesicles released by various cell types that serve as important message carriers during intercellular communication. They are also known to play critical roles during cancer-genesis, cancer-related immune reactions, and metastasis. They also possess promising potential as novel biomarkers for cancer early detection. Therefore, extensive studies on pancreatic cancer-derived exosomes are currently being performed because they hold the promising potential of elevating the overall survival rate of patients with pancreatic cancer. In the present review, we focus on the role of exosomes in pancreatic cancer-related immune reactions, metastasis, and complications, and on their potential application as pancreatic cancer biomarkers. 相似文献
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Dan‐dan Yu Ying Wu Hong‐yu Shen Meng‐meng Lv Wei‐xian Chen Xiao‐hui Zhang Shan‐liang Zhong Jin‐hai Tang Jian‐hua Zhao 《Cancer science》2015,106(8):959-964
Transport through the cell membrane can be divided into active, passive and vesicular types (exosomes). Exosomes are nano‐sized vesicles released by a variety of cells. Emerging evidence shows that exosomes play a critical role in cancers. Exosomes mediate communication between stroma and cancer cells through the transfer of nucleic acid and proteins. It is demonstrated that the contents and the quantity of exosomes will change after occurrence of cancers. Over the last decade, growing attention has been paid to the role of exosomes in the development of breast cancer, the most life‐threatening cancer in women. Breast cancer could induce salivary glands to secret specific exosomes, which could be used as biomarkers in the diagnosis of early breast cancer. Exosome‐delivered nucleic acid and proteins partly facilitate the tumorigenesis, metastasis and resistance of breast cancer. Exosomes could also transmit anti‐cancer drugs outside breast cancer cells, therefore leading to drug resistance. However, exosomes are effective tools for transportation of anti‐cancer drugs with lower immunogenicity and toxicity. This is a promising way to establish a drug delivery system. 相似文献
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Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a malignant tumour of the human digestive system that has a poor prognosis. Exosomes contain proteins and nucleic acids, and constitute a class of extracellular vesicles defined as membrane-bound nanovesicles of endocytic origin, with a diameter of 40–150 nm. Exosomes are potential diagnostic markers of PC; however, their roles in cancer initiation and progression remain unclear. Previous studies have focused on the molecular mechanisms and functions of exosomes that allow them to accelerate PC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. The present review discusses the interactions between exosomes and the pathophysiology of PC. The potential clinical applications of exosomes are also discussed. 相似文献
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