Current Research on Consolidation Therapy and Follow-up Health Care in Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients

Following concurrent radio-chemotherapy or first-line chemotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC),continuous maintenance therapy given to patients with stable disease(SD)and follow-up treatment is called consolidation therapy.Concerning NSCLC patients with a non-operable dry Stage-IIIB(N3)disease,i.e.contra-lateral mediastinal and hilar lymph node,or homolateral/contra-lateral scalene and Troisier sign,a 2 or 3-course of standard-dosage Taxotere consolidation therapy can be performed a er concurrent radio-chemotherapy.In pursuance of evidence-based medicine(EBM),low-dose Taxotere maintenance therapy,and biological targeted therapy of patients with appropriate symptoms are suitable for second-line therapy for moist of the Stage-IIIB(malignant pleural effusion)and IV patients.     

复发上皮性卵巢癌治疗进展

复发性卵巢癌的高发率及致死率一直是临床上的难题。针对不同类型的复发上皮性卵巢癌患者,如何选择治疗方案才能最大化实现个体化治疗,从而得到最大获益是临床最关注的问题。近年来,随着新兴药物的进展和放疗技术的不断完善,复发性卵巢癌的预后得到明显改善。     

不可切除晚期胰腺癌的综合治疗

胰腺癌（Pancreatic cancer,PC）恶性度高,肿瘤生长迅速,是癌症死亡常见病因之一,在欧美国家排名第4位,我国排名第9位.尽管目前在诊断方面有所进展,但80％以上患者确诊时已为不可切除的局部晚期或转移患者,所以在治疗上必须接受多学科综合治疗,如化疗、放疗、靶向治疗等.本文就目前各学科治疗进展进行综述,以期为不可切除晚期PC的临床综合治疗提供参考和依据.     

Irradiating the Subventricular Zone in Glioblastoma Patients: Is there a Case for a Clinical Trial?

Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive adult brain tumour. Over the last 10 years it has emerged that the subventricular zone (SVZ), the largest adult neural stem cell niche, has an important role in the disease. Converging evidence has implicated transformation of adult neural stems in gliomagenesis and the permissive stem cell niche in disease recurrence. Concurrently, clinical studies have suggested that SVZ involvement is a negative prognostic marker. It would follow that irradiating the SVZ may improve outcomes in glioblastoma by directly targeting this putative sanctuary site. To investigate this potential strategy, 11 retrospective studies and 1 prospective study examined the relationship between dose to the SVZ and survival outcomes in glioblastoma patients. This review summarises the theoretical underpinning of this strategy, provides a critical evaluation of the existing evidence and discusses the rationale for a clinical trial.     

鼻咽癌诊疗总览分析

摘 要：我国鼻咽癌发病人数占全世界总发病人数的40%以上,特别高发于我国华南地区,其发生发展与EB病毒密切相关。在过去的20年间,我国鼻咽癌的死亡率大幅度下降,这得益于放疗设备的发展、放疗技术及影像技术的进步、个体化综合治疗策略的完善。近年来在鼻咽癌的发病机制、早筛、诊断、治疗及不良反应等方面的研究取得了一定的成果,但还存在不少热点问题亟待解决,全文对一些观点和展望做了相关评论,以期为未来鼻咽癌的研究提供参考。     

The Sino-French 2012 Conference in Thoracic Oncology: an international academic platform for in-depth exchange on comprehensive research

The Sino-French 2012 Conference in Thoracic Oncology, held November 17-18, 2012, was hosted by the Department of Thoracic Surgery at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center and organized in collaboration with two prestigious French hospitals: Institute Gustave Roussy and Marie Lannelongue Hospital. The conference was established by leading experts from China and France to serve as an international academic platform for sharing novel findings in basic research and valuable clinical practice experiences. Hot topics including innovation in surgical techniques, diagnosis and staging of early-stage lung cancer, minimally invasive surgery, multidisciplinary treatment of lung cancer, and progress in radiotherapy for lung cancer were explored. Highlights of the conference presentations are summarized in this report.     

原发纵隔大B细胞淋巴瘤的治疗进展

摘 要：原发纵隔大B细胞淋巴瘤（primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma,PMBCL）是来源于胸腺髓质B细胞的恶性肿瘤,属于弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤的特殊亚型。由于发病率低,缺乏大样本前瞻性临床研究,目前PMBCL尚无统一的治疗方案,主要治疗方式包括化疗、放疗、自体干细胞移植及靶向治疗等。PMBCL具有特殊的分子生物学特征,这一特点为其特征性的治疗提供了重要参考。全文将主要就PMBCL的治疗进展作一综述。     

Cancer stem/progenitor cell active compound 8-quinolinol in combination with paclitaxel achieves an improved cure of breast cancer in the mouse model

Increasing evidence suggests that breast cancer is caused by cancer stem cells and the cure of breast cancer requires eradication of breast cancer stem cells. In this study, we established and characterized a sphere culture model derived from side population cells from the human breast cancer cell line MCF7. The sphere culture could be maintained long term and was enriched in cells expressing known breast cancer stem cell marker CD44⁺CD24⁻. These sphere cells showed higher colony formation ability in vitro and higher tumorigenicity in vivo than MCF7 cells, suggesting the enrichment of breast cancer stem/progenitor cells. To identify compounds that preferentially inhibit the sphere cells, we performed a compound library screening. Two lead compounds, NSC24076 and NSC125034 and an analog of NSC125034, 8-quinolinol (8Q), were identified as having preferential activity against the sphere cells. 8Q showed some antitumor activity alone but had much better therapeutic effect and relapse prevention when combined with paclitaxel than either 8Q or paclitaxel alone in both MCF7 and MDA-MB-435 xenograft models. We propose that compounds selectively targeting cancer stem/progenitor cells when combined with standard chemotherapy drugs may produce an improved treatment of cancer without significant relapse.     

Treatment of childhood diffuse brain stem tumors: comparison of results in different treatment modalities

Background Diffuse brainstem tumors in children are rare and its treatment is controversial. Although radiotherapy (RT) used to be the treatment of choice, results remained unsatisfactory. The association of RT with other therapies is common, but lacks scientific data regarding its efficacy. Comparison of results of irradiation alone versus combined treatment modalities is crucial in improving survival. Methods The authors reviewed twenty-four patients with diffuse brainstem tumors, with mean age of 7 years, treated from December 90 to November 99, at the University of Sao Paulo, Brazil. These patients were subdivided in four groups according to the treatment option at the onset of symptoms. Four patients were treated with radiation alone (total dose of 50 Gy to 62.4 Gy), 6 patients with chemotherapy and radiation, 8 with tamoxifen and radiation and 6 with tamoxifen, radiation and chemotherapy. The results of the different groups were them compared. Findings Clinical response was observed in 83.3% of our children, briefly followed by progressive disease. Mean survival was 17 months with no statistically significant differences among the groups. Four patients were alive at the end of the study, with a mean survival of 32.4 months, all of them received combined therapy, but with no statistically significant differences. Conclusions Neither the association of radiation therapy with chemotherapy, tamoxifen nor both have showed survival improvement. The prognosis of these patients remains very poor and only investigational trials would justify a highly aggressive approach.     

A new prospect in cancer therapy: targeting cancer stem cells to eradicate cancer

According to the cancer stem cell theory, cancers can be initiated by cancer stem cells. This makes cancer stem cells prime targets for therapeutic intervention. Eradicating cancer stem cells by efficient targeting agents may have the potential to cure cancer. In this review, we summarize recent breakthroughs that have improved our understanding of cancer stem cells, and we discuss the therapeutic strategy of targeting cancer stem cells, a promising future direction for cancer stem cell research.     

脂肪间充质干细胞在恶性肿瘤治疗中的研究进展

摘 要：脂肪干细胞（ADSCs）是一种具有自我更新、活力持久与多向分化潜能的成体间充质干细胞,具有稳定的生长和增殖能力,这些特性使得ADSCs在组织再生和病变器官的修复方面显示出巨大潜能。近年来,研究表明ADSCs与肿瘤的发生、发展和治疗关系密切。全文就脂肪干细胞在恶性肿瘤治疗中的研究进展作一综述。     

Treatment options for older woman with early breast cancer

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and its incidence increases with age. Older women are not often offered optimal treatment compared with younger women for any particular stage. This is due to various reasons, including the lack of evidence for older women from well-conducted clinical trials. In this paper, the currently available evidences from clinical trials are reviewed and the various treatment options for older women with early breast cancer are discussed.