血管内治疗大脑前动脉远端动脉瘤

目的观察血管内治疗大脑前动脉远端(DACA)动脉瘤的效果。方法回顾性分析14例接受血管内治疗的DACA动脉瘤患者(共15个动脉瘤),对10个动脉瘤行单纯弹簧圈栓塞、4个动脉瘤行支架辅助下弹簧圈栓塞,1个以Onyx胶栓塞。之后复查DSA,根据Raymond分级评价即刻疗效。术后6个月复查DSA,以改良Rankin量表(mRS)评估预后,mRS评分0~2分为结局良好。结果术后即刻12个动脉瘤Ⅰ级栓塞,3个Ⅱ级栓塞。术中、术后均未发生缺血等并发症。1例术后12 h死于动脉瘤再次破裂出血。术后6个月随访显示1例复发,10例结局良好(mRS评分0~2分),另2例mRS评分分别为3分、4分。结论个体化血管内治疗DACA动脉瘤安全、有效。     

闭环支架半释放技术在颅内宽颈动脉瘤血管内介入治疗中的应用

目的 探讨闭环支架半释放技术在弹簧圈栓塞颅内宽颈动脉瘤治疗中的安全性和有效性。方法 回顾性分析2019年12月～2021年1月采用闭环支架半释放技术辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗37例颅内宽颈动脉瘤的临床和影像学资料。共40个动脉瘤，其中破裂动脉瘤21个，未破裂19个。结果 16个动脉瘤使用LVIS支架，24个动脉瘤使用Enterprise或Enterprise2支架。技术成功率100%(40/40)。术中支架内血栓形成发生率8.1%(3/37)。术后即刻DSA显示RaymondⅠ级32个，Ⅱ级5个，Ⅲ级3个。出院时改良Rankin量表(modified Rankin Scale, mRS)评分0分32例，1分2例，2分3例。37例随访时间6～19个月，平均9.6月。出院后3个月mRS 0分33例，1分2例，2分2例。末次DSA显示RaymondⅠ级31个，Ⅱ级6个，Ⅲ级3个。31个动脉瘤治愈，7个动脉瘤稳定，2个动脉瘤复发。结论 闭环支架半释放技术在颅内宽颈动脉瘤的血管内介入治疗中安全有效。     

DSA杂交手术室“一站式”精准治疗颅内复杂动脉瘤合并脑内血肿

目的探讨DSA杂交手术室"一站式"精准治疗颅内复杂动脉瘤合并脑内血肿的价值。方法对11例颅内复杂动脉瘤合并脑内血肿未发生脑疝患者于发病72 h内行DSA杂交手术室"一站式"精准治疗,术中以DSA评估动脉瘤是否累及载瘤动脉,行DSA引导下颅内外血管搭桥联合动脉瘤孤立术或球囊临时阻断辅助下动脉瘤塑形夹闭治疗,同步清除血肿。实时监测术中治疗情况,记录术中及术后并发症。随访观察术后6个月CTA表现;于出院及末次随访时以格拉斯哥转归评分(GOS)评价疗效,GOS≥4分认为治疗效果良好。结果对5例行颞浅动脉(STA)-大脑中动脉(MCA)搭桥,术中DSA示桥血管通畅,一期行动脉瘤孤立术;6例行动脉瘤塑形夹闭,术中3例误夹穿支血管,1例夹闭不全,调整瘤夹位置后夹闭效果满意。术后并发小灶性脑梗死2例,癫痫1例。出院时、末次随访时治疗效果良好患者均占81.82%(9/11)。术后6个月均未见复发,吻合口及载瘤动脉无狭窄。结论对难以直接夹闭或介入栓塞治疗的颅内复杂动脉瘤合并脑内血肿患者,采用DSA杂交手术室"一站式"精准治疗可获得较好效果。     

Neuroform Atlas支架在颅内动脉分叉处宽颈动脉瘤栓塞中的应用体会

目的 探讨Neuroform Atlas支架在颅内动脉分叉处宽颈动脉瘤栓塞中的价值。方法 回顾性分析2021年1～9月16例采用Neuroform Atlas支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内动脉分叉处宽颈动脉瘤的临床和影像学资料。动脉瘤位于大脑中动脉分叉处8例，大脑前动脉分叉处4例，大脑前、中动脉分叉处2例，大脑前动脉A2远端分叉处1例，大脑后动脉P2分叉处1例。破裂动脉瘤10例(术前Hunt-Hess分级Ⅰ级6例，Ⅱ级2例，Ⅲ级2例),未破裂动脉瘤6例。结果 均在单一Neuroform Atlas支架辅助下完成栓塞，技术成功率100%。术后即刻造影显示动脉瘤完全闭塞13例，瘤颈残留2例，瘤体残留1例。术中及围手术期未观察到介入操作相关并发症。出院前改良Rankin量表(mRS)0～1分11例，2分3例，3分2例。16例随访时间3～14个月，(7.8±3.2)月。mRS评分0～1分14例，2分1例，3分1例。9例术后3～6个月行DSA,动脉瘤完全闭塞8例，瘤颈残留1例，9例均未见载瘤动脉狭窄或支架内闭塞。结论 Neuroform Atlas支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内动脉分叉处宽颈动脉瘤安全，...     

血管内介入治疗大脑后动脉夹层动脉瘤

目的观察血管内介入治疗大脑后动脉夹层动脉瘤的效果。方法回顾性分析12例接受血管内介入治疗的大脑后动脉夹层动脉瘤患者,评价治疗效果。结果12例大脑后动脉夹层动脉瘤中,P1段2例,P1-P2段2例,P2段6例,P3段2例,均成功实施栓塞治疗;对其中2例单纯以弹簧圈栓塞动脉瘤,8例以弹簧圈闭塞载瘤动脉,2例植入支架。术后即刻行复查造影显示Raymond分级1级10例,2级2例。术后4例诉头痛,经对症治疗后2周内好转;未见动脉瘤破裂出血及脑梗死。随访期间影像学检查均未见动脉瘤复发,无新发神经功能障碍及颅内再次出血;末次随访时改良Rankin量表0分10例,1分1例,2分1例。结论血管内介入治疗大脑后动脉夹层动脉瘤效果较好,且安全性较高。     

个体化血管内介入治疗椎动脉夹层动脉瘤

目的观察个体化血管内介入治疗椎动脉夹层动脉瘤(VADA)的临床效果。方法回顾性分析38例VADA患者(43枚动脉瘤)。其中10例(10枚)动脉瘤破裂出血,对6枚采用动脉瘤填塞及载瘤动脉闭塞术,4枚以单支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞。对未破裂33枚动脉瘤均行载瘤动脉重建术,以单支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞3枚,双支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞25枚,三支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞5枚。结果血管内介入治疗所有43枚VADA均获成功,对28枚实现完全及次全栓塞、15枚实现部分栓塞。术后随访12个月,34例(38枚动脉瘤)接受全程复查,其中21枚治愈、11枚改善、6枚稳定,未见复发,无新发脑出血或脑缺血症状;改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分0～1分30例,2分2例,3分1例,4分1例。结论根据具体情况采用个体化血管内介入治疗VADA安全、有效,且预后较好。     

血管内介入治疗椎动脉夹层动脉瘤的临床研究

目的 探讨血管内介入治疗椎动脉夹层动脉瘤的安全性与有效性.方法 回顾性分析30例患者30个夹层动脉瘤行血管内介入治疗的临床资料,其中8例单纯弹簧圈栓塞,10例支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞,3例单支架置入,9例载瘤动脉闭塞.结果 术后对30例中的22例进行随访脑血管造影,随访时间为1～8个月,平均6个月.其中17例完全栓塞患者无复发;近完全栓塞3例中2例动脉瘤稍增大,部分栓塞2例动脉瘤复发,这4例患者均行二次手术,其中3例行支架置入,1例行动脉瘤栓塞.结论 血管内介入治疗椎动脉夹层动脉瘤是一种安全有效的方法.     

颅内外动脉狭窄合并颅内动脉瘤同期血管内治疗的效果分析

目的探讨同期治疗颅内外动脉狭窄合并颅内动脉瘤的策略及临床效果。方法回顾性分析2013年4月至2018年9月于北京大学第一医院神经外科行同期血管内治疗的15例颅内外动脉狭窄合并颅内动脉瘤患者的临床资料。男性6例,女性9例,年龄(63.9±9.1)岁(范围:43~79岁);动脉狭窄部位共15处,狭窄程度为75%~95%,其中前循环8处,后循环7处;动脉瘤共17个,最大径(5.3±1.2)mm(范围:3~7 mm),其中前循环动脉瘤11个、后循环动脉瘤6个。患者均行同期动脉狭窄支架成形及动脉瘤栓塞术治疗。记录患者围手术期及术后临床症状、影像学资料及并发症情况。结果15处动脉狭窄均成功置入支架(残余狭窄<30%);17个动脉瘤中,10个行单纯弹簧圈栓塞,7个行支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞,均完全栓塞。围手术期1例患者出现轻微脑梗死症状,其余未发生手术相关并发症。术后随访(43.8±8.2)个月(范围:24~85个月),患者术后6~12个月均复查数字减影血管造影,其中2例出现无症状性支架内再狭窄,所有动脉瘤未见复发。截至末次随访时,患者均未出现颅内出血、缺血性卒中等相关症状。结论颅内外动脉狭窄合并颅内动脉瘤应根据血管狭窄的部位、程度及动脉瘤的大小、形态、位置、数量及两者的位置关系等因素综合分析,制定个体化的治疗策略,给予同期血管内治疗可能是一种安全、有效的治疗方法。     

烟雾病合并动脉瘤手术治疗临床疗效分析

目的 探讨烟雾病合并颅内动脉瘤手术治疗的疗效.方法 2015年1月～2021年6月我院手术治疗的烟雾病病人264例,其中无动脉瘤组233例,为单纯烟雾病,行颅内外动脉搭桥治疗.合并动脉瘤组31例,为烟雾病合并颅内动脉瘤,行搭桥和颅内动脉瘤介入栓塞术或开颅夹闭术.术后行CT血管造影或数字减影血管造影随访,并记录mRS评分...     

脑动静脉畸形伴发动脉瘤的出血风险因素分析及介入治疗

目的探讨脑动静脉畸形伴发动脉瘤出血风险因素及介入治疗策略。方法收集并整理42例脑动静脉畸形伴发动脉瘤患者的临床和影像学资料。根据患者术中造影结果,分析脑动静脉畸形血管特点,制定相应介入栓塞治疗方案。术后3个月、6个月及1年分别复查DSA,明确病灶有无复发。结果病灶位于幕下、由深静脉引流或混合静脉引流、Spetzler-Martin分级Ⅲ~Ⅳ以及Redekop分型Ⅰ型和Ⅱa型动脉瘤患者易出血。38例介入治疗后经康复治疗后格拉斯哥结果评分4分,1例视力受损,2例有不同程度肢体功能障碍,1例死亡。随访复查37例,均无动静脉畸形复发,且动脉瘤栓塞良好。结论术前明确血管构筑特点及潜在出血风险因素并制定个体化治疗方案,有助于提高介入栓塞治疗脑动静脉畸形伴发动脉瘤的安全性和有效性。     

超声引导下血管成形术治疗DSA相对禁忌下肢动脉硬化闭塞症

目的探讨使用超声引导介入治疗DSA相对禁忌患者下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的临床价值。方法对18例不宜接受DSA引导治疗的下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者(共20条动脉)行超声引导下腔内治疗。于治疗前和治疗后24 h、3个月、6个月、12个月、24个月检测病变处收缩期血流峰值流速(PSV),并进行统计学分析,评估总复发率。结果 20支动脉中,完全闭塞15支,重度狭窄(狭窄率70%～99%)5支;超声引导下球囊扩张成形术成功率40.00%(8/20),支架植入术成功率100%(12/12)。术前与术后各时间点病变处PSV总体差异有统计学意义(F=4.26,P=0.046),术后各时间点与术前比较、术后12个月和24个月与术后24 h PSV差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05)。术后24 h、3个月、6个月、12个月、24个月的总复发率分别为0、5.00%(1/20)、10.00%(2/20)、20.00%(4/20)、50.00%(10/20)。结论超声引导下肢动脉成形术治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症对介入治疗DSA相对禁忌患者有重要临床价值。     

Outcome for unruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysm treatment: surgical and endovascular approach in a single center

The rupture of an intracranial aneurysm leads to subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). To prevent SAH, unruptured lesions can be treated by either endovascular or microsurgical approach. Due to their complex anatomy, middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms represent a unique subgroup of intracranial aneurysms. Primary objective was to determine radiological and clinical outcomes in patients with middle cerebral artery aneurysms who were interdisciplinary treated by either endovascular or microsurgical approach in a single center. Secondary objective was to determine the impact of the lesions’ angiographic characteristics on treatment outcome. Clinical and radiological data of 103 patients interdisciplinary treated for unruptured MCA aneurysms over a 5-year period were analyzed in endovascular (n?=?16) and microsurgical (n?=?87) cohorts. Overall morbidity (Glasgow Outcome Score <5) after 12-month follow-up was 9 %. There was no significant difference between the two cohorts. Complete or “near complete” aneurysm occlusion was achieved in 97 and 75 % in the microsurgical, respective endovascular cohort. A “complex” aneurysm configuration had a significant impact on complete aneurysm occlusion in both cohorts, however, not on clinical outcome. Treatment of unruptured MCA aneurysms can be performed with a low risk of repair using both approaches. However, the risk for incomplete occlusion was higher for the endovascular approach in this series.     

Endovascular treatment of posterior circulation aneurysms

The objective of this paper was to analyse the technical and clinical outcome in patients receiving endovascular treatment for posterior circulation intracranial aneurysms at Royal Perth Hospital. The case notes and angiograms of 35 patients with ruptured and unruptured posterior circulation aneurysms treated by endovascular coil occlusion between 1992 and 1998 were included in the study. The degree of angiographic occlusion achieved, and periprocedural, short and long-term clinical outcome were retrospectively analysed. Total aneurysm occlusion was achieved at initial treatment in 46% of cases, with 90% or greater occlusion achieved in 97% of cases. For aneurysms 12 mm or less in diameter, 100% of patients treated electively, and 100% of patients with grade I or II subarachnoid haemorrhage treated in the acute postictal phase had a good clinical outcome (Rankin Disability Score 1 and 2), with no serious morbidity or associated mortality. Excluding patients with grade V subarachnoid haemorrhage, the treatment-related serious morbidity rate was 3.4% and procedure-related mortality rate was 0%. We conclude that endovascular management provides an effective means of treatment for selected cases of posterior circulation aneurysms.     

Endovascular treatment of ruptured dissecting aneurysms aimed at occlusion of the dissected site by using Guglielmi detachable coils

OBJECT: Surgical or endovascular occlusion of the parent artery proximal to an aneurysm has been recommended for treatment of dissecting aneurysms of the intracranial posterior circulation. However, dissecting aneurysms may rupture even after proximal occlusion because distal progression of thrombus is necessary to occlude the dissecting aneurysm completely, and this may be delayed by the presence of retrograde flow. In this article the authors present their experience in treating six patients with ruptured dissecting aneurysms. METHODS: The authors report on six patients with a ruptured dissecting aneurysm in the posterior fossa who were successfully treated by endovascular occlusion of the aneurysm by using Guglielmi detachable coils. The procedure was particularly aimed at occluding the dissected site. CONCLUSIONS: At the present time, endovascular occlusion of the dissected site is a safe, minimally invasive, and reliable treatment for dissecting aneurysms when a test occlusion is tolerated and adequate collateral circulation is present.     

French collaborative group series on giant intracranial aneurysms: Current management

ObjectivesGiant intracranial aneurysms represent a major therapeutic challenge for each surgical team. The aim of our study was to extensively review the French contemporary experience in treating giant intracranial aneurysms in order to assess the current management.Patients and methodsThis retrospective multicenter study concerned consecutive patients treated for giant intracranial aneurysms (2004–2008) in different French university hospitals (Bordeaux, Caen, Clermont-Ferrand, Lille, Lyon, Nice, Paris-Lariboisière, Rouen et Toulouse). Different variables were analyzed: the diagnostic circumstances, the initial clinical status based on the WFNS scale, aneurysmal features and exclusion procedure. At 6 months, the outcome was evaluated according to the modified Rankin Scale (mRS): favorable (mRS 0-2) and unfavorable (mRS 3-6). A multivariate logistic regression model included all the independent variables with P < 0.25 in the univariate analysis (P < 0.05).ResultsA total of 79 patients with a mean age of 51.5 ± 1.6 years (median: 52 years; range: 16–79) were divided into two groups, with the ruptured group (n = 26, 32.9%) significantly younger (P < 0.05, Student's-t-test) than the unruptured group (n = 53, 67.1%). After SAH, the initial clinical status was good in 12 patients (46.2%), and in the unruptured group, the predominant diagnosis circumstance was a pseudo-tumor syndrome occurring in 22 (41.5%). The first procedure of aneurysm treatment in the global population was endovascular in 42 patients (53.1%), microsurgical in 29 (36.7%) and conservative in 8 (10.2). An immediate neurological deterioration was reported in 38 patients (48.1%) after endovascular treatment in 19 (45.2% of endovascular procedures), after miscrosurgical in 15 (51.7% of microsurgical procedures) and after conservative in 4 (the half). At 6 months, the outcome was favorable in 45 patients (57%) and after multivariate analysis, the predictive factors of favorable outcome after management of giant cerebral aneurysm were the initial good clinical status in cases of SAH (P < 0.002), the endovascular treatment (P < 0.005), and the absence of neurological deterioration (P < 0.006). The endovascular procedure was obtained as a predictive factor because of the low risk efficacy of indirect procedures, in particular a parent vessel occlusion.ConclusionThe overall favorable outcome rate concerned 57% of patients at 6 months despite 53.8% of poor initial clinical status in cases of rupture. The predictive factors for favorable outcome were good clinical status, endovascular treatment and the absence of postoperative neurological deterioration. Endovascular treatment should be integrated into the therapeutic armenmatarium against giant cerebral aneurysms but the durability of exclusion should be taken into account during the multidisciplinary discussion by the neurovascular team.     

血管内栓塞治疗基底动脉顶端动脉瘤

目的评价血管内栓塞治疗基底动脉顶端动脉瘤的疗效。方法回顾性分析2000年7月～2010年12月血管内栓塞治疗17例基底动脉顶端动脉瘤的临床资料。6例在出血2天内1、1例在出血3～10天内进行血管内栓塞治疗。应用Neuroform支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞宽颈动脉瘤3例,弹簧圈栓塞14例。结果 17例中成功栓塞16例,其中10例100%栓塞,3例95%栓塞,3例90%栓塞,术中动脉瘤破裂1例（弹簧圈栓塞,次日死亡）。出院时格拉斯哥预后评分（GOS）,恢复良好12例;中度病残,但生活能自理3例;重度病残,生活不能自理1例。16例随访6～36个月,平均15个月,无术后再出血,2例复发。结论血管内栓塞是治疗基底动脉顶端动脉瘤的一种微创、相对安全有效的治疗方法。