高能量脉冲CO2激光治疗眼睑分裂痣效果观察

目的观察高能量脉冲CO2激光治疗眼睑分裂痣疗效.方法对23例眼睑分裂痣患者行高能量脉冲CO2激光治疗1～3次,在治疗过程中,注意角膜的保护,术毕创面涂足够的眼膏.结果疗效优21例,占91.3%;进步2例,占8.7%.结论高能量脉冲CO2激光可有效治愈眼睑分裂痣.     

高能量脉冲CO2激光治疗眼睑分裂痣效果观察

目的观察高能量脉冲CO2激光治疗眼睑分裂痣疗效。方法对23例眼睑分裂痣患者行高能量脉冲CO2激光治疗1～3次，在治疗过程中，注意角膜的保护，术毕创面涂足够的眼膏。结果疗效优21例．占91．3％；进步2倒，占8．7％。结论高能量脉冲CO2激光可有效治愈眼睑分裂痣。     

多种激光联合治疗睑分裂痣的疗效观察

目的:观察多种激光联合治疗睑分裂痣的临床疗效与安全性,以为提高睑分裂痣治愈率提高可行性方案。方法:对20例睑分裂痣患者进行超脉冲CO2、调Q755nm激光和810nm半导体激光联合治疗。先采用超脉冲CO2激光治疗仪对皮损进行轻微的剥脱性治疗,治疗达一定深度后再用调Q755nm激光治疗,如果分裂痣表面有毛发,待皮损颜色恢复正常或明显减退后用810nm半导体激光进行脱毛治疗。每次间隔时间3~6月。治疗结束后6个月进行随访,以统计治疗效果,同时记录不良反应。结果:所有患者经过1~3次联合治疗后,痊愈11例(55%),显效8例(40%),好转1例(5%),总有效率100%。2例出现浅表瘢痕,1例出现轻度色素脱失。结论:采用超脉冲CO2激光、调Q755nm激光和810nm半导体脱毛激光联合治疗睑分裂痣,操作简单,疗效显著,安全性高,值得临床上推广。     

皮肤色素痣不同治疗方法疗效分析比较

目的：比较冷冻、激光及手术治疗皮肤色素痣的疗效及美容效果。方法：皮肤色素痣患者4682例,分为三组：液氮冷冻组600例,用手持式冷冻刀或医用棉签行液氮冷冻治疗;激光组1882例,分别用超脉冲CO2激光和Q开关翠绿宝石激光治疗;手术组2200例,采用切除缝合或切除后邻近皮瓣修复。治疗后对疗效及副作用进行评价。结果：液氮、激光治疗较表浅的色素痣和雀斑样痣疗效较好,对皮内痣及混合痣疗效差且易产生瘢痕;手术切除缝合可治疗各种类型的色素痣,治疗次数少、术后不良反应少并且无明显切口瘢痕。结论：皮肤色素痣治疗应首选手术切除,同时术后应行组织病理学检查。对于较表浅的色素痣和雀斑样痣可选择冷冻和激光治疗,皮内痣和复合痣不宜采用冷冻和激光治疗。     

超脉冲CO2激光治疗色素痣后皮损复发的组织病理学分析

目的 从组织病理学角度分析面部色素痣经超脉冲CO2激光治疗后皮损复发的原因。方法 1999年12月至2002年10月,129例临床诊断为色素痣的患者接受了超脉冲CO2激光治疗,在以后随访的89例患者中有7例出现皮损复发.皮损复发的部位经外科手术切除后进行了组织病理学的检查。结果 表皮中痣细胞的再生（病例1、2、3、7）、真皮浅层痣细胞的残留（病例4、5、6）、真皮乳头层纤维增生（微观瘢痕）的厚度不够（病例4），真皮深部大量的痣细胞远未得到清除（病例2、3、4、5、7）以及炎症后噬色素细胞的形成（病例1、4、5、6、7）都是色素再次出现的原因。皮损复发的7例患者中未发现痣细胞恶变以及假性黑色素瘤的形成。结论 所有复发病例中,痣细胞都未被真正完全清除。因此通过激光治疗色素痣的方法用于美容应慎重选择。     

超脉冲CO2激光治疗色素痣后皮损复发的组织病理学分析

目的从组织病理学角度分析面部色素痣经超脉冲CO2激光治疗后皮损复发的原因.方法 1999年12月至2002年10月,129例临床诊断为色素痣的患者接受了超脉冲CO2激光治疗,在以后随访的89例患者中有7例出现皮损复发.皮损复发的部位经外科手术切除后进行了组织病理学的检查.结果表皮中痣细胞的再生(病例1、2、3、7)、真皮浅层痣细胞的残留(病例4、5、6)、真皮乳头层纤维增生(微观瘢痕)的厚度不够(病例4),真皮深部大量的痣细胞远未得到清除(病例2、3、4、5、7)以及炎症后噬色素细胞的形成(病例1、4、5、6、7)都是色素再次出现的原因.皮损复发的7例患者中未发现痣细胞恶变以及假性黑色素瘤的形成.结论所有复发病例中,痣细胞都未被真正完全清除.因此通过激光治疗色素痣的方法用于美容应慎重选择.     

上臂皮管移植联合Q开关及CO2激光治疗鼻面部复杂性黑色素痣

目的：探讨皮管移植联合Q开关及CO2激光技术治疗鼻面部复杂性黑色素痣的效果,总结手术及激光治疗的技巧。方法：6例鼻面部复杂性黑色素痣采用手术切除后上臂皮管移植联合Q开关及CO2激光治疗,观察治疗效果。结果：本组6例患者经过皮管移植联合Q开关及CO2激光治疗后,皮瓣存活良好,存活后皮瓣颜色与邻近部位无明显差异,术后激光治疗1个疗程后鼻面部黑色素痣区域色素基本消失,手术切口瘢痕淡化,外观改善满意,随访1年无复发。结论：采用皮管移植联合Q开关及CO2激光治疗鼻面部复杂性黑色素痣临床疗效显著,是目前较为理想的方法。     

Q开关1064nm激光联合超脉冲C02激光治疗10例褐青色痣疗效观察

目的：探讨Q开关1064nm激光联合超脉冲CO2激光治疗褐青色痣的临床疗效。方法：先采用超脉冲CO2激光治疗，功率2～3w，光斑0．5～1mm，均匀扫描病损部位，光斑不重叠，病损严重部位适当重复，接着选用Q开关激光，波长1064nm，能量5～10J／cm^2，光斑直径2～6mm照射治疗。结果：痊愈3例，有效6例，无效1例，总有效率达90％。结论：Q开关1064nm激光联合超脉冲CO2激光治疗褐青色痣疗效确切，副作用小，安全性高。     

剥脱性激光治疗儿童眼睑及眼周先天性黑色素痣的中期疗效

目的探索剥脱性激光治疗儿童眼睑及眼周先天性黑色素痣的疗效。方法 2014年1月至2016年12月,22例眼睑及眼周先天性黑色素痣患儿接受剥脱性激光治疗,采用超脉冲CO_2激光或铒激光,治疗间隔1个月,随访6个月以上。依据治疗前后的照片,统计病灶清除率(5级)。结果 22名患儿平均治疗7.4次,平均随访23个月。9例疗效差,4例疗效一般,5例疗效较好,2例疗效极好,2例病灶清除,总有效率为41%。3例患者出现色素脱失。结论剥脱性激光治疗儿童眼睑及眼周黑色素痣是安全有效的。     

脉冲染料激光（585nm）治疗单侧痣样毛细血管扩张症18例疗效观察

目的：探讨585nm脉冲染料激光治疗单侧痣样毛细血管扩张症的有效性。方法：18例单侧痣样毛细血管扩张症患者均有典型的临床表现,其中4例皮损双侧分布,其余14例患者的皮损单侧分布。结果：18例患者均用脉冲染料激光（585nm）治疗,治疗1～3次后,均取得了满意疗效。结论：585nm脉冲染料激光是一种治疗单侧痣样毛细血管扩张症安全有效的方法。不良反应为部分患者治疗后局部会遗留暂时性的紫癜、色素沉着和色素减退斑。     

Combined laser therapy for difficult dermal pigmentation: resurfacing and selective photothermolysis.

Treating pigmented lesions of the skin, especially deep dermal pigmentations, are difficult to achieve satisfactory results without complications. To treat dermal pigmentations, such as nevus of Ota and congenital nevus, the combined therapy of a resurfacing laser (CO2) and a selective photothermolytic laser (the Q-Switched Ruby Laser [QSRL]) was tried, and the results were compared with those treated with the QSRL alone. Combined laser therapy has been performed in 47 patients with nevus of Ota since 1995. The mean treatment period was 6 months and the mean number of treatment was five. Of 47 patients, 46 (98%) showed excellent results. To treat congenital nevus, combined laser therapy was used in 15 patients, and 12 (80%) showed good to excellent results. By combining resurfacing and selective lasers, the treatment period has been reduced by 2 to 3 months, and the number of treatments has been reduced two- to threefold. Furthermore, treatment of congenital nevus has become possible, which was not the case with the QSRL alone. The Er:YAG laser can be used for resurfacing instead of the CO2 laser because it causes less thermal damage and faster wound healing.     

Treatment of Facial Skin Using Combinations of CO2, Q-Switched Alexandrite, Flashlamp-Pumped Pulsed Dye, and Er:YAG Lasers in the Same Treatment Session

BACKGROUND: Many patients who seek facial CO2 laser resurfacing for improvement of photodamage are also concerned with "dark circles" under their eyes (periorbital hyperpigmentation) and/or telangiectasia as well as various types of deep scars on their faces. CO2 laser resurfacing alone provides limited improvement for these problems. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the conjunctive therapeutic effects of the CO2, Q-switched alexandrite, Er:YAG, and/or flashlamp-pumped pulsed dye lasers on facial skin treatments. METHOD: Thirty patients who underwent CO2 laser resurfacing were treated with additional lasers specific for their cosmetic concerns. Twenty patients with facial telangiectasias were treated with the pulsed dye laser immediately prior to CO2 laser resurfacing. Eleven patients with periorbital hyperpigmentation were treated with the Q-switched alexandrite laser immediately following use of the pulsed CO2 laser. Eight patients having sharply defined acne scars were treated with the Er:YAG laser following use of the CO2 laser. All patients had peripheral feathering performed with the Er:YAG laser. Nine patients were treated with all four lasers. RESULTS: In addition to significant improvement of the wrinkle scores from the CO2 laser resurfacing, patients had 75-100% clearing of the periorbital hyperpigmentation. All patients with facial telangiectasia showed virtually 100% improvement. All deep wrinkles and sharply defined scars responded with combined CO2/Er:YAG laser better than with CO2 laser resurfacing alone. All feathering was more uniform, with a more subtle transition to nontreated skin. There were no complications that could be attributed to the simultaneous use of multiple lasers. CONCLUSIONS: For patients who present with multiple cosmetic complaints, combined treatment using appropriate lasers offers excellent therapeutic outcome.     

Single-Pass Carbon Dioxide Versus Multiple-Pass Er:YAG Laser Skin Resurfacing: A Comparison of Postoperative Wound Healing and Side-Effect Rates

BACKGROUND: Ablative laser skin resurfacing with carbon dioxide (CO2) and erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) lasers has been popularized in recent years and their side effects individually reported. No prior study, however, has directly compared the relative healing times and complications rates between the two different systems. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare postoperative wound healing and short- and long-term side effects of single-pass CO2 and multiple-pass, long-pulsed Er:YAG laser skin resurfacing for the treatment of facial photodamage and atrophic scars. METHODS: A retrospective chart review and analysis of sequential clinical photographs were performed in 100 consecutive patients who underwent laser skin resurfacing with single-pass CO2 (Ultrapulse 5000; Coherent, Palo Alto, CA, N=50) or multiple-pass, long-pulsed Er:YAG laser resurfacing (Contour; Sciton, Palo Alto, CA, N=50). All laser procedures were performed by a single operator for the amelioration of facial rhytides or atrophic scars. The rate of re-epithelialization, duration of erythema, and presence of complications were tabulated. RESULTS: The average time to re-epithelialization was 5.5 days with single-pass CO2 and 5.1 days with long-pulsed Er:YAG laser resurfacing. Postoperative erythema was observed in all patients, lasting an average of 4.5 weeks after single-pass CO2 laser treatment and 3.6 weeks after long-pulsed Er:YAG laser treatment. Hyperpigmentation was seen in 46% of the patients treated with single-pass CO2 and 42% of the patients treated with the long-pulsed Er:YAG laser (average duration of 12.7 and 11.4 weeks, respectively). No incidences of hypopigmentation or scarring were observed. CONCLUSION: Skin resurfacing with single-pass CO2 or multiple-pass long-pulsed Er:YAG laser techniques yielded comparable postoperative healing times and complication profiles.     

Prolonged Clinical and Histologic Effects from CO2 Laser Resurfacing of Atrophic Acne Scars

BACKGROUND: The recent development of high-energy pulsed CO2 lasers that minimize thermal injury to uninvolved adjacent structures has revolutionized the manner in which atrophic facial scars are recontoured. Significant improvement of atrophic scars with laser resurfacing has clearly been demonstrated; however, the exact timing for assessment of skin for further treatment has varied due to the unknown amount of time needed after laser scar resurfacing to effect maximal collagen formation and remodeling. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the immediate and long-term (12-18 months) histologic and clinical effects of atrophic acne scars after CO2 laser resurfacing in order to provide physician guidelines for postoperative clinical assessment for retreatment. METHODS: Sixty patients (50 women, 10 men, mean age 38 years, skin types I-V) with moderate to severe atrophic facial scars were evaluated. Nineteen patients received regional cheek treatment and 41 patients received full-face resurfacing with a high-energy pulsed CO2 laser. Independent clinical assessments of treated scars were performed at 1, 6, 12, and 18 months and blinded histologic analyses were made of skin biopsies immediately prior to and after laser resurfacing, and at 1, 6, 12, and 18 months postoperatively in six patients. RESULTS: Significant immediate and prolonged clinical improvement in skin tone, texture, and appearance of CO2 laser-irradiated scars was seen in all patients. Average clinical improvement scores were 2.22 (69%) at 1 month, 2.1 (67%) at 6 months, 2.37 (73%) at 12 months, and 2.5 (75%) at 18 months. Continued collagenesis and subsequent dermal remodeling were observed on histologic examination of biopsied tissue up to 18 months after surgery. CONCLUSION: Continued clinical improvement was observed as long as 18 months after CO2 laser resurfacing of atrophic scars, with an 11% increase in improvement observed between 6 and 18 months postoperatively. We propose that a longer postoperative interval (12-18 months) prior to assessment for re-treatment be advocated in order to permit optimal tissue recovery and an opportunity for collagen remodeling.     

Er:YAG Laser for the Treatment of Actinic Keratoses

BACKGROUND: There is no single optimal treatment for multiple facial actinic keratoses. The existing therapies such as topical 5-fluorouracil, chemical peels, cryotherapy, dermabrasion, and CO2 laser resurfacing can produce prolonged recovery time or are often operator dependent. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate another therapeutic modality which provides a shorter recovery time with uniform results. We performed a prospective pilot study investigating the use of the Er:YAG laser for the treatment of multiple facial actinic keratoses. METHODS: Five patients with multiple facial actinic keratoses were treated with two to three passes of Er:YAG laser. Anesthesia was achieved in all cases by topical application and local infiltration when indicated. All patients were treated with 2.0 J, 5 mm spot size, and a fluence of 10 J/cm2. Clinical and histologic evaluations were performed both pre- and postoperatively. RESULTS: All patients showed a decrease in the total number of clinical actinic keratoses on the face ranging from 86 to 96%. In addition to the reversal of actinic damage in the epidermis, histologic evidence revealed increased fibroplasia and decreased superficial solar elastosis 3 months after the laser resurfacing. Reepithelialization occurred in 5-8 days, and erythema lasted for about 3-6 weeks after the procedure. There was no evidence of scarring or pigmentary changes in any of the patients during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION: Er:YAG laser skin resurfacing is a safe and effective treatment for multiple facial actinic keratoses. Histologic data suggest a new zone of collagen deposition occurs in the superficial papillary dermis. Under our current parameters, Er:YAG laser skin resurfacing has a relatively short recovery period and a low risk of scarring. Unlike the CO2 laser, Er:YAG laser skin resurfacing can be performed with topical anesthesia alone.     

Collagen tightening induced by carbon dioxide laser versus erbium: YAG laser

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Pulsed CO2 laser resurfacing improves photodamage and acne scarring by ablation of abnormal tissue with subsequent regeneration and remodeling of collagen and through heat induced collagen contraction. Whether collagen contraction persists long-term and helps maintain the skin tightening observed after resurfacing is debated. One possible mechanism of long-term clinical tightening is that of wound contracture that occurs as part of normal wound healing. If normal wound contracture, and not heat induced collagen contraction, is responsible for maintaining the initial skin tightening seen in CO2 laser resurfacing, then equal results would be expected from resurfacing with either CO2 or erbium lasers. The study was performed to determine whether there is a difference in skin tightening secondary to thermally mediated collagen contraction versus that which occurs secondary to tissue contraction of wound healing. The persistence of these changes over 6 months and the histologic characteristics were studied as well. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine patients had four tattoo dots applied to the upper eyelids, with horizontal axis measuring 18-20 mm and the vertical axis 6-10 mm. One month later, one eyelid was treated with three passes of the UltraPulse CO2 laser and the other eyelid with an erbium laser to the end point of early pinpoint bleeding. Three patients were treated with additional passes after pinpoint bleeding was encountered. The total number of pulses used per patient was recorded. Measurements of the vertical and horizontal distances were made after each pass and monthly for 6 months. The treated skin was then excised in performance of an upper lid blepharoplasty and the tissue submitted for histologic analysis. RESULTS: In the vertical plane, the UltraPulse CO2 laser induced an average of 43% tightening intraoperatively and this gradually diminished to an average of 34% by 6 months, whereas the wound contracture of erbium resurfacing was not seen until 1 month postoperatively, at which time 42% tightening was seen, gradually diminishing to 36% at 6 months. Three patients with erbium resurfacing had scarring present. These were the three patients treated most aggressively and also the three patients with the most significant wound contracture. Scarring was not seen on the CO2 treated side in any patients. In the horizontal plane, the CO2 laser caused 31% intraoperative tightening, decreasing to 19% at 6 months. In this plane, the erbium laser induced wound contracture was 12% at 1 month which remained stable and unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: Although wound contraction secondary to tissue healing may result in nearly the same tissue tightening as heat-induced collagen contraction, the two processes are very different and variable, with increased risk of scarring seen with wound contracture, compared with heat-induced collagen tightening. The tissue tightening seen with thermally induced collagen contraction is long-lasting, if not "permanent."     

超脉冲CO_2激光用于皮肤除皱术

观察新型超脉冲CO2 激光行皮肤除皱手术的效果。用超脉冲CO2 激光行皮肤除皱手术 ,观察手术效果及并发症。行下睑皱纹、鱼尾纹、额部皱纹及面颊部皱纹共 82例 ,取得了良好的除皱效果 ,但术后 3个月后仍有一定比例的色素沉着 ( 15 .9% ) ,半年左右可逐渐消失 ,特别是对于肤色较深的人术后的色素沉着可能更明显 ,可以在术前1个月和术后 3个月期间用氢醌类药物来预防和治疗 ,方法有效。未发现顽固性色素沉着的病例。新型超脉冲CO2激光行皮肤除皱手术的效果可靠 ,与传统方法相比有更多的优点 ,但色素沉着问题需引起足够重视。     

Variable pulse erbium:YAG laser skin resurfacing of perioral rhytides and side-by-side comparison with carbon dioxide laser

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Laser resurfacing of facial rhytides has become a popular treatment option for many patients with wrinkles, photoaging, and acne scarring. Laser wavelength/pulse duration options and new techniques continue to shorten the healing phase associated with laser skin resurfacing while maintaining clinical efficacy. Variable pulse erbium:YAG (Er:YAG) laser systems are now available that offer the surgeon the ability to vary the Er:YAG pulse duration from a pulse that is primarily ablative to one that is more thermal. The objective of this study was to evaluate the histologic effects created with a variable pulse Er:YAG laser. To study prospectively the clinical effects on upper lip rhytides with a variable pulse Er:YAG laser when compared side by side with pulsed carbon dioxide (CO(2)) laser resurfacing. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-two treatment sites on 21 patients were randomized and evaluated after treatment of the upper lip region with CO(2) laser resurfacing on one side and a variable pulse Er:YAG laser on the other. Patient diaries were maintained to assess erythema, crusting, pain, and pigmentary changes. Blinded objective grading of improvement was performed. Chromometer measurements were obtained to analyze erythema. RESULTS: The variable pulse Er:YAG laser treatment reduced the duration of crusting on average from 7.7 days with CO(2) to 3.4 days. Chromometer measurements noted decreased postoperative erythema. Grading by physicians in a blinded manner showed 63% improvement for the CO(2) treatment site and 48% improvement in the variable pulse Er:YAG site. No cases of permanent hyperpigmentation, hypopigmentation, or scarring occurred. CONCLUSION: The variable pulse Er:YAG laser resurfacing is a safe and effective resurfacing tool, which combines ablative and thermal modalities. The protocol used in this study approaches but does not equal the results we have traditionally seen with CO(2) laser resurfacing.     

Laser Resurfacing of the Neck with the Combined CO2/Er:YAG Laser

BACKGROUND: Several clinical studies on laser resurfacing on the neck have yielded variable results with adverse sequelae of hypopigmentation and scarring using the CO2 laser. The Er:YAG laser on the neck resulted in an improved appearance with no adverse sequelae. The combined CO2/Er:YAG laser is a laser that combines a low fluence CO2 laser with the Er:YAG laser in a near simultaneous beam. OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of the CO2/Er:YAG laser on the neck. The decreased nonspecific thermal damage of the CO2/Er:YAG laser should result in decreased postoperative erythema and improved wound healing. METHODS: Eleven patients were treated with the CO2/Er:YAG laser on the neck as well as the face at identical settings. The face was treated with four passes while the neck was treated with two passes. The patients were evaluated for the first 2 weeks then 3-6 months postoperatively. Patients were asked about treatment satisfaction and improvement in skin texture and color using a 25% scale. Skin texture and color, as well as improvement in wrinkling and adverse results were judged by a dermatologist using a 0-4 scale. RESULTS: Moderate improvement was seen in skin color while a higher degree of improvement was seen in skin texture and wrinkling in all 11 patients. No adverse sequelae, including hypopigmentation or scarring, were observed. The majority of patients had a 75-100% improvement in skin texture and color in addition to a 75-100% overall satisfaction rating. CONCLUSIONS: There is a higher degree of overall patient satisfaction, as well as improvement in skin texture and skin color, compared to patients treated with the Er:YAG laser alone. The CO2/Er:YAG laser is a highly effective laser for neck resurfacing with no adverse sequelae to date.