口腔内间断吹氧在昏迷患者口腔护理中的应用

目的 观察口腔内间断吹氧在昏迷患者口腔疾病治疗及预防中的作用,以提高口腔护理效果.方法 将120例入住ICU昏迷患者随机分成对照组(58例)和观察组(62例).对照组采用常规口腔护理方法,观察组在此基础上加用间断口腔内吹氧,30～45 min/次,2次/d.每日观察并记录患者口腔黏膜及气味的改变.结果 观察组在治疗口腔溃疡、改善牙龈红肿出血方面效果显著优于对照组,且口腔溃疡新发率显著低于对照组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论 在加强口腔护理、改善口腔内环境的同时,加用口腔内间断吹氧能有效治疗和预防口腔溃疡及牙龈红肿等口腔疾患,提高昏迷患者口腔护理质量.     

精油溶液对颌间固定患者口腔护理的效果研究

目的选择适宜的口腔护理冲洗液,以改善颌骨骨折行颌间固定患者的口腔卫生。方法将80例颌间固定患者随机分为观察组和对照组各40例。对照组采用蒸馏水冲洗加修剪牙刷刷牙方法进行口腔护理;观察组采用精油溶液冲洗加修剪牙刷刷牙方法进行口腔护理。结果观察组牙龈红肿出血及口腔异味发生率显著低于对照组,口腔舒适度良好者比例显著高于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论采用精油溶液冲洗口腔,可减少牙龈红肿出血及口腔异味发生率,明显改善患者口腔卫生状况。     

不同口腔护理方法预防呼吸机相关性肺炎及口腔感染的效果观察

目的探讨自制漱口液联合吹氧治疗血液病患者化疗后口腔黏膜炎的效果。方法将106例化疗后口腔黏膜炎患者分成两组,观察组56例应用自制漱口液漱口联合吹氧疗法进行口腔护理,对照组50例应用我院常规漱口液即甲硝唑加锡类散进行口腔护理。结果观察组总有效率显著优于对照组,且患者更易接受（均P〈0.05）。结论自制漱口液和吹氧疗法联合应用于化疗后口腔黏膜炎,可以达到消炎、抑菌、镇痛的作用,可以促进口腔黏膜炎的愈合。     

益口漱口液用于口腔颌面外科围术期患者口腔护理效果观察

目的探讨益口漱口液用于口腔颌面外科围术期患者口腔护理的效果。方法将150例口腔颌面外科手术患者随机分为观察组和对照组各75例。两组均于术前1～3d和术后第1～5天采用生理盐水进行口腔护理。观察组加用益口漱口液漱口。结果观察组牙龈出血、伤口感染、口腔溃疡、口干、口臭、咽痛发生率显著低于对照组（P〈0．01，P〈0．05）。结论益口漱口液用于口腔颌面外科围术期患者口腔护理效果明显。     

瑞典护理研究现状及展望

目的探讨化疗后口腔溃疡的护理方法。方法将65例化疗后口腔溃疡患者随机分为观察组（30例）和对照组（35例）。两组均给予常规口腔护理和饮食指导．在此基础上对照组给予0．02％呋喃西林含漱，观察组加用麦冬合剂温水泡服治疗。结果观察组疗效显著优于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论麦冬合剂温水泡服治疗化疗后口腔溃疡效果显著，且价格低廉、安全可靠。     

烧伤Ⅲ号持续湿敷治疗下肢溃疡效果观察

目的探讨循证护理在昏迷患者口腔护理中的应用效果。方法将60例昏迷患者随机分为对照组和观察组各30例。对照组采用传统口腔护理方法；观察组运用循证护理理念，找出存在的共性问题，针对问题．实施具体护理措施。5d后，观察两组并发症发生情况。结果两组医源性口腔黏膜牙龈损伤、口腔感染发生率比较，差异有显著性意义（均P〈0．01）；观察组肺部感染率发生率低于对照组，但差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05）。结论将循证护理应用于昏迷患者口腔护理中，能改进护理质量，减少口腔并发症的发生率。     

不同口腔护理方法预防呼吸机相关性肺炎及口腔感染的效果观察

目的探讨气管插管机械通气患者最为经济有效的口腔护理方法。方法将184例机械通气患者随机分为A、B、C三组，分别给予擦洗法、改良冲洗法和冲洗加擦洗法行口腔护理，观察比较三组呼吸机相关性肺炎（VAP）、口腔溃疡和口腔霉菌感染发生率。结果在预防VAP、口腔霉菌方面，B组和C组显著优于A组（均P〈0.05），B组和C组之间差异无显著性意义（P〉0.05）；在预防口腔溃疡方面，三组比较，差异无显著性意义（均P〉0.05）。结论对气管插管机械通气患者采用冲洗法行口腔护理相对经济、简便、有效。     

复方制霉菌素甘油联合吹氧治疗化疗后口腔黏膜炎疗效观察

目的观察复方制霉菌素甘油联合吹氧治疗急性白血病患儿化疗后口腔黏膜炎的效果。方法将52例化疗后口腔黏膜炎患儿随机分为观察组和对照组各26例,观察组用生理盐水漱口后采用复方制霉菌素甘油联合吹氧治疗,对照组采用2．5％碳酸氢钠溶液漱口后口腔涂搽制霉菌素甘油。结果观察组治疗效果显著优于对照组（P〈0．05）,患儿治疗依从性显著提高（P〈0．01）。结论复方制霉菌素甘油联合吹氧治疗急性白血病患儿化疗后口腔黏膜炎,可达到抗感染、杀菌、镇痛以及加快黏膜修复的作用,从而有效地促进口腔溃疡愈合,减轻患儿痛苦。     

煤矿事故致伤患者的口腔护理

目的探讨煤矿事故致伤患者的口腔护理方法。方法将因煤矿事故致伤经口气管插管需行口腔护理的危重患者45例（口内没有伤口）随机分成观察组（25例）和对照组（20例）。观察组用擦洗与冲洗相结合的方法进行口腔护理；对照组按传统方法进行口腔护理。结果观察组口臭、口腔感染发生率显著低于对照组（P〈0．01，P〈0．05）；而舌苔转薄率显著高于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论采用擦洗联合冲洗法可提高煤矿事故致伤患者的口腔护理效果。     

经口气管插管患者不同口腔护理频次的效果观察

目的探讨不同口腔护理频次对经口气管插管进行机械通气患者的效果。方法将147例经口气管插管进行机械通气患者按入住ICU先后顺序分成四组，每日分别进行1次、2次、3次、4次口腔护理，观察口腔清洁度及并发症发生率。结果不同口腔护理频次口腔清洁、口腔溃疡发生率比较，差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05．P〈0．01）；霉菌感染、VAP发生率比较，差异无显著性意义（均P〉0．05）。结论2次／d以上口腔护理可以增加口腔清洁度，减少口臭、口腔溃疡发生。     

In-Depth Oral Presentations and Oral Communications

Background  

Patient age, radiographic severity of osteoarthritis (OA), and severity of symptoms are typically considered as the three key factors in selecting the osteoarthritic patients for total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the associations between the three selection criteria and the postoperative outcomes including patient satisfaction. We also attempted to determine whether the patients not fully satisfying the criteria are different from the typical candidates in postoperative outcomes.     

In-Depth Oral Presentations and Oral Communications

The precise diagnosis of both intra and extra-capsular disease of the hip is now possible because of commonly available advanced diagnostic imaging techniques. An increasing number of reports in the orthopedic literature describe new endoscopic and arthroscopic techniques to address peri-articular pathology of the hip. The purpose of this paper is to review current techniques in the management of extra-articular hip conditions.     

Oral Communications

High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is a surgical procedure used to change the mechanical weight-bearing axis and alter the loads carried through the knee. Conventional indications for HTO are medial compartment osteoarthritis and varus malalignment of the knee causing pain and dysfunction. Traditionally, knee instability associated with varus thrust has been considered a contraindication. However, today the indications include patients with chronic ligament deficiencies and malalignment, because an HTO procedure can change not only the coronal but also the sagittal plane of the knee. The sagittal plane has generally been ignored in HTO literature, but its modification has a significant impact on biomechanics and joint stability. Indeed, decreased posterior tibial slope causes posterior tibia translation and helps the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-deficient knee. Vice versa, increased tibial slope causes anterior tibia translation and helps the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)-deficient knee. A review of literature shows that soft tissue procedures alone are often unsatisfactory for chronic posterior instability if alignment is not corrected. Since limb alignment is the most important factor to consider in lower limb reconstructive surgery, diagnosis and treatment of limb malalignment should not be ignored in management of chronic ligamentous instabilities. This paper reviews the effects of chronic posterior instability and tibial slope alteration on knee and soft tissues, in addition to planning and surgical technique for chronic posterior and posterolateral instability with HTO.