Gamma3钉与DHS内固定治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的疗效比较

目的比较Gamma3钉与动力髋螺钉(dynamic hip screw,DHS)内固定治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的疗效。方法回顾性分析2006年1月至2011年3月分别采用闭合复位Gamma3钉或DHS内固定治疗股骨粗隆间骨折89例,其中DHS内固定51例(DHS组),Gamma3钉内固定38例(Gamma3钉组)。病例选择时排除病理性骨折及严重多发伤。比较两组患者手术时间和术中失血量、术后骨折复位丢失、骨折愈合时间及术后关节功能恢复的情况。结果术后随访6~12个月,平均10.4个月,无骨折不愈合。两组相比在手术时间、术中失血量及髋关节功能恢复方面差异无统计学意义,Gamma3钉组骨折愈合时间较DHS组延长但术后骨折复位丢失少。结论 DHS和Gamma3钉内固定治疗稳定型股骨粗隆间骨折可获得同样的疗效,但对于不稳定型股骨粗隆间骨折,Gamma3钉内固定能有效减少骨折复位丢失,降低术后髋内翻的发生率。     

Gamma3钉与InterTan钉治疗老年股骨转子下骨折的疗效比较

目的比较Gamma3钉与InterTan钉治疗老年股骨转子下骨折的疗效。方法将100例老年股骨转子下骨折患者根据内固定方式分为Gamma3钉组(52例)与InterTan钉组(48例)。比较两组的手术指标、骨折愈合时间、术后髋关节功能恢复情况。结果患者均获得6个月随访。Gamma3钉组的手术时间、手术出血量、X线下透视时间均少于InterTan钉组(P0.001),两组的骨折愈合时间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。术后6个月时两组Harris评分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。术后6个月时髋关节功能优良率:Gamma3钉组为86.54%,InterTan钉组为83.33%,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 Gamma3钉与InterTan钉内固定治疗老年股骨转子下骨折均能获得较好效果,而Gamma3钉手术创伤更小,更适合手术耐受性差的老年患者。     

经皮Gamma钉固定在股骨转子周围骨折中的应用

[目的]探讨应用经皮Gamma钉固定治疗股骨转子周围骨折的疗效。[方法]对12例股骨转子周围骨折患者进行经皮Gamma钉内固定术。所有患者均在骨科手术床牵引下整复骨折及C型臂X线机透视下经皮手术。根据切口情况、全身情况以及合并骨质疏松的程度决定何时下床活动及负重量的大小。[结果]随访10—36个月，骨折全部愈合，髋关节功能优良率94％。未出现股骨干骨折、拉力螺钉切出股骨头及退出，无锁钉及主钉断裂，有1例出现轻度的髋内翻。[结论]经皮Gamma钉固定可用于各种类型的股骨转子周围骨折，具有操作简便、手术损伤小、出血少、固定牢固，患者下床早等优点。Gamma钉是治疗股骨转子周围骨折的理想方法。     

长Gamma 3型髓内钉内固定治疗股骨粗隆下骨折临床疗效分析

目的探讨长Gamma 3型髓内钉内固定治疗股骨粗隆下骨折的疗效。方法对60例股骨粗隆下骨折采用闭合复位或有限切开复位长Gamma 3型髓内钉内固定治疗。结果 60例均获随访10-24个月,平均18个月。骨折愈合时间9-15个月,平均10个月。末次随访时髋关节功能Harris评分：优16例,良35例,可9例,优良率85%。未发生拉力螺钉切割出股骨头、股骨干骨折、髋内翻畸形等严重并发症。结论采用长Gamma 3型髓内钉内固定治疗股骨粗隆下骨折创伤小,疗效好,便于术后早期功能锻炼,并发症发生率低。     

Gamma钉治疗股骨转子间及转子下骨折

目的：探讨Gamma钉治疗股骨转子间及转子下骨折的效果。方法：用Gamma钉固定治疗46例股骨转子间及转子下骨折。结果：随访6－22个月（平均13个月）,所有病例均获骨性愈合,平均愈合时间为股骨转子间骨折2个月、股骨转子下骨折5个月。患肢关节功能良好,无髋内翻畸形。结论：Gamma钉治疗股骨转子间及转子下骨折临床效果满意。     

闭合复位Gamma3型髓内钉内固定治疗中老年股骨转子间骨折

目的 探讨采用闭合复位与Gamma 3型髓内钉内固定治疗中老年股骨转子间骨折的临床疗效.方法 采用闭合复位与Gamma 3型髓内钉内固定治疗56例中老年股骨转子间骨折56例,按Evans分型:ⅠB型24例,ⅠC型15例,ⅠD型13例,Ⅱ型4例.结果 56例患者获得随访,随访时间为6～24个月,平均16个月.其中1例严重骨质疏松患者于术后3个月出现近端退钉股骨颈短缩不能行走,其余55例骨折愈合良好,愈合时间6.0～12.0周、平均8.5周,无伤口感染、术后谵妄、深静脉血栓形成、泌尿系感染、内固定失效及其他并发症.按Harris功能评分标准:42例优,7例良,6例可,1例差,优良率83.9％.结论 采用闭合复位与Gamma 3型髓内钉内固定治疗中老年股骨转子间骨折可早期重建骨骼稳定性,便于早期活动,并发症少,疗效满意.     

Gamma钉治疗股骨转子间骨折远端是否锁钉疗效比较

目的探讨Gamma钉内固定治疗股骨转子间骨折远端是否锁钉对疗效的影响。方法对144例稳定性股骨转子间骨折患者采用Gamma钉内固定,根据远端锁钉与否将患者分为远端未采用锁钉组(非锁钉组,70例)和远端采用锁钉组(锁钉组,74例)。观察两组患者手术时间、透视时间、输血量、住院时间、骨折复位质量、骨折愈合时间及并发症。结果两组均获得12个月随访。两组骨折复位质量、住院时间、骨折愈合时间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。手术时间、术中透视时间、输血量锁钉组明显长(多)于非锁钉组(P<0.001)。两组患者并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论采用Gamma钉治疗稳定性股骨转子间骨折远端可以不行锁钉固定,不影响骨折愈合和临床疗效,还具有减少透视时间、手术时间、术后并发症等优点。     

Gamma3钉内固定治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的疗效分析

目的 探讨Gamma3钉内固定治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的临床疗效.方法 对38例股骨粗隆间骨折采用闭合复位Gamma3钉内固定治疗,观察骨折愈合、髋关节功能恢复及并发症的发生情况.结果 所有骨折在11～20周愈合,6例发生头钉轻微切割但未切出股骨头颈,无髋内翻及患肢短缩等并发症.结论 Gamma3钉具有动态和静态两种内固定方...     

Gamma钉内固定治疗老年人股骨转子间骨折

我们自2000年以来，在C臂X线机下．采用闭合复位．小切口Gamma钉内固定治疗老年人股骨转子间骨折19例，疗效满意。     

Gamma钉治疗股骨转子周围骨折

目的总结Gamma钉治疗股骨转子周围骨折临床经验.方法对Gamma钉治疗的79例股骨转子周围骨折患者进行回顾性分析.结果79例经12～50（25．3±9．2）个月随访．骨折临床愈合时间为（12．98±1．26）周。根据Merle Daublgne髋关节功能评分标准：优28例，良36例．中12例．差3例．优良率为81．0％，结论Gamma钉治疗股骨转子周围骨折具有切口暴露小、固定强度牢靠、创伤小等优点．是一种治疗股骨转子周围骨折行之有效的内固定方法.     

Subtrochanteric fixation stability depends on discrete fracture surface points

Fixation of subtrochanteric femur fractures may present complications, including malunion, delayed union, or nonunion, and is thought to be related to early fracture stability. To examine the initial stability of subtrochanteric fracture fixation, we investigated construct stiffness, interfragmentary gaps, and overall and point-wise interfragmentary motion (ie, axial and shear displacements) in synthetic composite femurs fixed with a cephalomedullary nail or condylar blade plate. Simulated stable and unstable subtrochanteric femur fractures were created in composite femurs, anatomically reduced, fixed with either a long Gamma nail or a blade plate, and subjected to combined axial, bending, and torsional loading. The long Gamma nail group consistently showed greater displacement magnitudes than the blade plate group; these differences included axial and shear displacement magnitudes in the stable fracture group and shear displacement magnitudes in the unstable fracture group. Overall differences in fixation stability were dependent on discrete points around the periphery of the contiguous fracture surfaces, especially in the unstable fracture group. These differences in interfragmentary motion patterns between implant constructs were detected despite the lack of difference in combined axial, bending, and torsional construct stiffness or initial interfragmentary gap.     

Penetration of the distal femoral anterior cortex during intramedullary nailing for subtrochanteric fractures: a report of three cases

Three cases of anterior distal femoral cortex penetration during intramedullary nailing for subtrochanteric fractures are documented. Case 1 involved a Zimmer (Warsaw, IN) M/DN antegrade femoral nail, case 2 a Howmedica (Allendale, NJ) long-stem Gamma nail, and case 3 a Synthes (Paoli, PA) titanium femoral nail with spiral blade locking. The anterior Zimmer nail penetration resulted in a displaced supracondylar fracture, which subsequently required revision. The Gamma nail as well as the Synthes nail were left impaled through the distal femoral cortex, and the subtrochanteric fractures went on to union. The anteroposterior radius of curvature for the Zimmer, the long Gamma, and the Synthes nail are 257 cm, 300 cm, and 150 cm, respectively. It has been estimated that the radius of curvature of the femoral diaphyseal canal is 114 to 120 cm. It appears that the difference in femoral anteroposterior bow between the bone and the implant is a contributing factor to distal femoral anterior cortex penetration in intramedullary nailing of subtrochanteric fractures.     

Treatment of subtrochanteric femoral fracture with long proximal femoral nail antirotation

Objective： Subtrochanteric femoral fractures are severe injuries. Although many treatment methods have been developed, controversy exists regarding the optimal management of these fractures. This study evaluated the clinical outcome of subtrochanteric femoral fractures fixed with long proximal femoral nail antirotation （PFNA-Iong）. Methods： Between October 2006 and February 2008, 25 patients with traumatic subtrochanteric fractures of the femur were treated with PFNA-long. Closed reduction and fixation were performed in 20 cases. In the remaining 5 cases, closed reduction was difficult, so limited open reduction was performed, with bone grafting in 4 cases and circumfer-ential wiring in 4 cases. Results： The average follow-up time was 16.1 months. All subtrochanteric femoral fractures healed uneventfully except one case of delayed union. The mean union time was 26.2 weeks. Technical difficulties with nail insertion were encountered in 3 cases. No implant failure was observed. Conclusion： PFNA-long is effective in treatment of subtrochanteric femoral fractures, with a high rate of bone union, minor soft tissue damage, early return to functional exercise and few implant-related complications.     

Percutaneous cerclage wiring followed by intramedullary nailing for subtrochanteric femoral fractures: a technical note with clinical results

Background

Although intramedullary nailing is an ideal treatment for subtrochanteric femoral fractures, it is technically challenging in fractures extending into the nail entry area and/or involving the lesser trochanter. Although the application of circumferential wire may facilitate reduction in these situations, its use remains controversial due to possible blood supply disturbances to underlying bone. In the present study, we evaluated complex subtrochanteric fractures treated by percutaneous cerclage wiring followed by intramedullary (IM) nailing for anatomical fracture reduction and union.

Methods

Twelve patients (mean age 48.3 years) with an unstable subtrochanteric fracture were prospectively treated. Indications of percutaneous cerclage wiring followed by IM nailing were a fracture extending proximally into the nail entry area deemed difficult to treat by anatomical reconstruction by IM nailing or a fracture with long oblique or spiral component. One or two cerclage wires were percutaneously applied for the temporary reduction of main fragments, and then, a cephalo-medullary or a reconstruction nail was fixed. We assessed radiologic results (union time, alignment), functional results, and complications.

Results

All 12 cases healed, without a bone graft, at an average of 19.1 weeks after surgery (range 16–24). In 11 cases, acceptable alignment was achieved (mean, valgus 0.3° extension 0.6°) with minimal leg-length discrepancy; the other exhibited 1 cm of shortening. All patients were able to return to pre-injury activity levels, and median Merle d’Aubigne score was 16.9 (15–18). No infection or implant-related complication was encountered to latest follow-up (minimum 12 months postoperatively).

Conclusion

Temporary reduction by percutaneous wiring offers a means of satisfactory nailing in difficult subtrochanteric femoral fractures, and affords anatomical reconstruction and favorable bony union.     

带锁髓内钉治疗股骨干骨折合并股骨颈及转子间骨折或转子下粉碎骨折

目的应用带锁髓内钉治疗股骨干骨折合并同侧股骨颈骨折及转子间骨折或转子下粉碎骨折。方法在1996年7月～1998年11月收治的16例复杂股骨骨折中,股骨干骨折合并同侧股骨颈骨折3例,合并转手间骨折4例,转子下粉碎骨折9例。其中10例应用国产加长型Gamma钉,6例使用Russell－Taylor股骨重建钉固定。结果所有病例随访6～22个月,平均11个月。除1例股骨干骨折合并同侧股骨颈骨折患者术后7个月出现股骨头坏死外,其余15例骨折均愈合,平均愈合时间5．5个月,患肢关节功能优良。经此方法治疗后可早期活动关节及功能锻炼、手术创伤小、切口小、固定可靠、骨折愈合率高。结论　　对股骨干骨折合并同侧股骨颈骨折及转手间骨折或转子下粉碎骨折的治疗,带锁髓内钉具有明显优势。     

The dynamic condylar screw in the management of subtrochanteric fractures: does judicious use of biological fixation enhance overall results?

Subtrochanteric fractures are fraught with certain anatomic, biologic and biomechanical challenges. Evolution of implants like the Gamma nail, fixed-angle nail plates, compression hip screws and dynamic hip screws with trochanteric stabilization plates underlines a persistent quest for a better implant. We studied the dynamic condylar screw DCS as an implant on a series of 30 consecutive patients with subtrochanteric fractures. Our purpose was to assess this implant as a panacea for subtrochanteric fractures. All cases of AO type A and B were anatomically fixed, whereas type C was biologically plated. The idea was to assess the applicability and adaptability of the DCS. Fractures in 29 cases united, with one patient suffering from an implant failure. There were 17 excellent, 5 good, 5 fair and 3 poor results. The DCS is a definite advance over previous methods of treatment; when combined with the utilization of biological fixation techniques for comminuted fractures, can be relied upon to treat all types of subtrochanteric fractures.     

Treatment of complex subtrochanteric fracture with the long gamma AP locking nail: a prospective evaluation of 64 cases

BACKGROUND: Complex subtrochanteric fractures are uncommon injuries and challenging to manage. We elucidate the role of the Long Gamma AP Locking Nail (LGAPN) in the management of such fractures in the acute stage. METHODS: Between 1992 and 2002, 64 consecutive cases with nonpathologic complex subtrochanteric fractures managed with the LGAPN were enrolled in this study. Associated injuries were present in 16 cases. The average follow-up period was 68 months. RESULTS: Mean time to union was 14 weeks. There were two complications (one wound infection and one delayed union). The time to union and functional results were not statistically different between different ages (below 50 years old, or older than 50 years) and the number of distal locking screws used (one or two). Longer time to union is noted in patients with a longer operation time and a more comminuted fracture pattern by the AO classification. CONCLUSION: Closed reduction and internal fixation with the LGAPN were proven to be safe and effective in the treatment of complex traumatic subtrochanteric fractures in all age groups, and one distal locking screw is sufficient for distal fixation.     

The Gamma nail for peritrochanteric fractures.

The Gamma nail was designed to treat unstable intertrochanteric and subtrochanteric fractures. The device was developed after cadaver studies and has been used clinically since February 1985 in a total of 421 patients. The results in 123 patients treated by the third version of this design are reported. The Gamma nail transmits weight closer to the calcar than does the dynamic hip screw and it has greater mechanical strength. A semi-closed operative technique is used, with an average duration of operation of 35 minutes and little blood loss. Distal locking screws can be used to maintain rotational stability, and can be inserted without the use of an image intensifier. Results showed satisfactory fracture union with little loss of position, even in comminuted fractures. Operative complications were few, but included fractures of the base of the greater trochanter. The most important postoperative complication, seen in one case, was fracture of the shaft of the femur at the distal end of the nail, but this healed well after re-nailing.