颌骨中枢性血管瘤(附15例分析)

现今认为,血管瘤系一种错构瘤(Hamartoma),是发育异常而非真性肿瘤。口腔颌面部软组织血管瘤虽极为常见,但颌骨中枢性     

口腔颌面部错构瘤(附7例报告)

目的 研究口腔颌面部错构瘤的病理特征及鉴别诊断。方法 分析了7例错构瘤病例的临床资料和组织学表现。结果 口腔颌面部错构瘤有其自身的组织学和临床特征。结论 通过组织学检查和其临床表现特征,可以正确地诊断错构瘤。     

腭裂伴发中耳炎的诊治要点

腭裂伴发中耳炎的诊治是唇腭裂序列治疗中的重要组成部分,四川大学华西口腔医院唇腭裂外科较早地在国内开展了腭裂伴发中耳炎的诊断和治疗研究。本文对腭裂伴发中耳炎的高发性、隐匿性和潜在危害性进行介绍,并提出了早期积极治疗是腭裂伴发中耳炎的基本治疗原则,总结了鼓膜切开置管术的适应证、手术时机及技术要点等。     

组织工程学方法在腭裂缺损修复中的应用

腭裂是常见的颌面部先天畸形之一。由于口腔颌面部复杂的解剖和生理环境,腭裂所造成缺损的修复一直是口腔医学的难题。目前主要通过颌面部手术进行修复治疗,但存在一定的不足。新兴的组织工程学方法能有效地提高治疗效果。本文就组织工程学方法在软硬腭裂区、牙槽突裂区修复中的应用作一综述。     

115例腭裂修复术的临床分析

１１５例腭裂修复术的临床分析开封市口腔医院口腔颌面外科付治国，孙刚，黄琦，陈鸿喜，赵永光腭裂在口腔颌面部是一种较常见的先天性畸形。自１９８７年至１９９３年７年中我院收治腭裂１１５例，均行１次手术修复、除１０例术后穿孔外，其余病例术后经过顺利，伤口愈合...     

颜面多发畸形1例

先天性口腔颌面部发育畸形多为胚胎发育异常所致.在口腔颌面部发育畸形中,双侧面横裂畸形目前已较少见,而双侧面横裂伴眼、软腭裂等多部位发育畸形更少见.现将我院诊治一例报告如下:     

��ǻ������ѧ��8�� ��ǻ��沿����

口腔颌面部各组织来源的肿瘤除具有肿瘤的共同特点外,还应考虑口腔颌面部的解剖学特点和组织学特点。口腔颌面部的病理、生理变化在肿瘤的病因学方面也具有自身的特点,而口腔颌面部的解剖结构、     

国内期刊重要口腔颌面外科文献索引（1996．1）

国内期刊重要口腔颌面外科文献索引（１９９６．１）口腔颌面部肿瘤并发症颈淋巴结清除术后乳糜瘘。梁恩虑，等．耳鼻咽喉头颈外科１９９５；２（２）：９４口腔颌面外科患者的呼吸意外（附１０例报告）。张三友，华西口腔医学杂志１９９５；１３（３）：２１２腭裂整复术...     

��ǻ������ѧ��9�� ��ǻ��沿���κ�ȱ��

口腔颌面部畸形和缺损包括先天性畸形、发育性畸形、后天畸形和缺损。最常见的先天性口腔颌面部畸形是唇、腭裂畸形,常见发育性畸形为牙颌面畸形,而后天畸形和缺损是指由于疾病或损伤等引起的畸形和组织缺损。口腔颌面部畸形和缺损常导致外貌缺陷和功能障碍,因此治疗这类疾病必须遵循整形外科的治疗原则,必要时进行适当的心理干预。     

腭裂患儿听力损失情况分析

腭裂患儿听力损失情况分析河北医学院二院耳鼻喉科单春光，李清芬河北医学院二院口腔颌面外科杨威，张英怀腭裂是一种常见的口腔颌面部发育畸形。有关它的发生、发病情况报道较多，本文就腭裂患儿听力损失情况进行分析。一、对象及方法住院患儿２０例。年龄６～１４岁；男...     

Dental Discomfort Questionnaire: its use with children with a learning disability

This study investigated whether the behaviors from the Dental Discomfort Questionnaire (DDQ) could help identify toothaches in children with a learning disability, who have a limited capacity to self-report. The objectives were to examine whether the behaviors from the DDQ occur more often in children with a learning disability who have caries and a toothache than in children who do not have caries and a toothache; and secondly, to examine whether two additional items increase the specificity and sensitivity of the DDQ to recognize a toothache, in this particular population of children with a learning disability.
The DDQ was completed by a convenience sample of 58 parents on behalf of their children: 31% girls, aged between 6 and 13 years (mean = 7.5, SD = 2.7).
Of the total group, 26% (n = 15) suffered from a toothache and 43% (n = 25) had carious teeth. Children with caries and a toothache had a significantly higher mean DDQ score and displayed more toothache-related behaviors (e.g., problems with chewing, problems with brushing teeth) than children without caries or toothache.
The DDQ seems to be a functional and easy-to-use instrument to alert parents to the presence of a toothache in this specific group of children with a learning disability.     

Autogenous particulate bone collected with a piezo-electric surgical device and bone trap: a microbiological and histomorphometric study

The aims of this study were to determine the microbiological and particle size characteristics of particulate bone collected with a piezosurgery device and bone trap, and to reduce bacterial contamination after treatment of debris with rifamycin SV. Samples were taken from 10 patients who underwent surgical extraction of their third lower molars. The ostectomy was performed with a piezosurgery device, and the debris was collected with a surgical aspiration set equipped with a bone trap. Two aliquots were taken from each sample, one of which was treated with rifamycin SV. The second aliquot, used as a control, was treated with a physiological solution. In the samples immersed in antibiotic solution, there was a statistically significant (P<0.005) reduction in bacterial contamination. The stringent protocol followed in this study has proved valid for collection of material, and treatment with rifamycin SV was found to reduce bacterial contamination in collected material.     

The clinical and microbiological effects of a novel acidified sodium chlorite mouthrinse on oral bacterial mucosal infections

Acidified sodium chlorite mouthrinses have been shown to have equivalent anti-plaque activity to those containing chlorhexidine, the current 'gold standard'. In this study, sodium chlorite mouthrinses (ASC) acidified with either malic or gluconic acids were compared to each other and with a chlorhexidine rinse and sterile water for their effect on salivary bacterial counts. Sixteen subjects participated in the study, which had a cross-over Latin square design. In a second study, a sodium chlorite/gluconic acid rinse was compared with chlorhexidine for its clinical and microbiological effects in 36 patients with oral mucosal infections. The sodium chlorite rinses acidified with malic and gluconic acids and the chlorhexidine rinse caused significant reductions in salivary bacterial counts up to 7 h after a single rinse compared with water. There were no significant differences between the three active treatments. In the mucosal infection study, there was a significant reduction in erythema in the chlorhexidine group compared with the ASC group. Patients who received the ASC rinse reported significantly less discomfort following treatment than those receiving the chlorhexidine rinse. Staphylococcus aureus counts were significantly reduced in the group who received the sodium chlorite rinse. There were no other significant differences between the treatments. ASC appears to be an effective alternative to chlorhexidine mouthrinse.     

Salivary cytokine profiles in the immunocompetent individual with Candida‐associated denture stomatitis

Cell‐mediated immunity conferred by CD4⁺ T helper cells is considered the predominant host defense against mucosal Candida infections, with Thelper (Th1)‐type responses associated with resistance to infection and Th2‐type responses associated with susceptibility to infection. Oropharyngeal candidiasis, the most common oral opportunistic infection in HIV‐infected persons, is associated with a Th2‐type cytokine profile in saliva. To obtain more direct evidence for a role of salivary cytokines in susceptibility to oropharyngeal candidiasis during immunosuppression, we evaluated Th1/Th2‐type cytokines in the saliva of those with denture stomatitis, a form of oropharyngeal candidiasis not related to immunosuppression. Results showed that HIV‐negative denture wearers with and without denture stomatitis demonstrated a mixed Th1/Th2 cytokine profile with no significant differences found between the groups. These results suggest that a local Th cytokine dichotomy in saliva is not associated with susceptibility to denture stomatitis in immunocompetent persons.     

Burnout and health among Dutch dentists

In this study, it was hypothesised that dentists with a high burnout risk would experience more health complaints and show more unhealthy behaviour when compared with dentists with a low burnout risk. With a response rate of 75%, a representative group of 709 actively practising dentists responded to a questionnaire containing the Dutch version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-NL), a health complaints measure (VOEG), and items on health behaviour. Results showed that dentists with a high burnout risk reported health complaints to a greater extent than dentists with a low burnout risk. They also reported more unhealthy behaviour in some aspects (physical exercise/sporting, increase in alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet), but not in others. It also appeared that one out of ten dentists reported having poor general health, and that three out of ten reported to have poor physical condition. In general, dentists' self-reports appeared favourable in comparison with the Dutch population. It is concluded from this study that among dentists burnout and poor health are strongly related. It is discussed that in order to deal preventively with burnout in dentistry, attention to physical health, including ergonomics, is essential.     

Miniplate osteosynthesis of fractures of the edentulous mandible

This study was performed to analyze treatment of fractures of the edentulous mandible and to discuss this method in relation to the mandibular height at the fracture site. Fifteen fracture sites in 11 patients with an edentulous mandible were retrospectively examined. These fractures were located: nine fractures in the mandibular body, three in the paramedian region, and three in the mandibular angle. Fractures in a mandible measuring more than 10 mm in the vertical height were treated with one miniplate. Fractures in an extremely atrophic mandible with 10 mm or less were treated using one or two miniplates, also using a modified Champy plate with 1.3 mm in thickness. A mandibular fracture with a height of 5 mm was treated with a combination of a microplate on the buccal side and a miniplate on the inferior border of the mandible with additional direct circumferential wiring. Oblique or splitting fractures were treated with direct circumferential wiring or a Herbert screw, at one fracture site each, respectively. Complications, including infection, fibrous union, nonunion and trismus, were not seen. In one patient, hypesthesia of the lower lip was, however, persistent 1 month after surgery. Miniplate osteosynthesis is the less invasive treatment, and it is suitable for fractures of the atrophic edentulous mandible, except for comminuted or defect fractures. To obtain stable fixation in severely atrophic mandibles, we need to consider the use of two miniplates or a combination with microplates.     

Edentulousness and oral rehabilitation: experiences from the patients' perspective

The psychological effects of tooth loss in the permanent dentition are relatively unknown. Complete edentulousness is a serious life event in terms of readjustment. The aim of the study was to describe the process patients with deteriorating dental status had gone through before treatment with a fixed prosthesis (Brånemark System, Novum), and to describe what living with a fixed prosthesis means to the patients themselves. In‐depth interviews were carried out with 18 patients, and the interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed in open, axial and selective coding processes according to Grounded Theory. In the analysis, four categories were developed and labelled: ‘alterations in self‐image’, ‘becoming a deviating person’, ‘becoming an uncertain person’ and ‘becoming the person I once was’. ‘Alterations in self‐image’ was identified as the core category and was related to the other three categories. The core category describes the changes in self‐image starting with the subjects' increasingly worsened dental status, followed by a period of them having to live and cope with a denture and, finally, their living with a fixed prosthesis. The motive power for the decision to undergo treatment with a fixed prosthesis seems to be a desire to restore dental status and also to recapture attractiveness, self‐esteem and a positive self‐image.     

Dental health behavior and attitudes – an application of correspondence analysis

Differences in dental behavior and dental attitudes between people with (almost) all natural teeth, people with a full denture in both jaws and people with a full denture in only the maxilla are visualized by means of correspondence analysis in one overall picture. In this picture the three distinguished subgroups of dental patients and their characteristics are indicated as points in a two-dimensional space. The distances between the points in this picture show to what extent these points are connected. The findings obtained in this study can lead to the conclusion that: a. differences in dental status are related to differences in dental behavior and dental attitudes; b. people with all natural teeth and people with a full denture in both jaws obviously are opposite of each other in many respects, whereas people with a full denture in only one jaw can be characterized as a dental in-between group.     

Iliac crest autogenous bone graft versus alloplastic graft and guided bone regeneration in the reconstruction of atrophic maxillae: a 5-year retrospective study on cost-effectiveness and clinical outcome

Background: Reconstruction of the atrophic maxillae with autogenous bone graft and jawbone‐anchored bridges is a well‐proven technique. However, the morbidity associated with the concept should not be neglected. Furthermore, the costs for such treatment, including general anesthesia and hospital stay, are significant. Little data are found in the literature with regard to a cost‐benefit approach to various treatment alternates. Purpose: The aim of this retrospective study was to compare from a health‐economical and clinical perspective the reconstruction of the atrophic maxillae prior to oral implant treatment either with autogenous bone grafts harvested from the iliac crest or the use of demineralized freeze‐dried bone (DFDB) in combination with a thermoplastic carrier (Regeneration Technologies Inc., Alachua, FL, USA) and guided bone regeneration (GBR). Materials and Methods: A total of 26 patients (13 + 13) were selected and matched with regard to indication, sex, and age. The study was performed 5 years after the completion of the treatment. Implant survival, morbidity, and complications were analyzed. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of the total cost for the respective treatment modality was performed, including material, costs for staff, sick leave, etc. Results: The study revealed no statistical difference with regard to implant survival for the respective groups. The average total cost, per patient, for the DFDB group was 22.5% of the total cost for a patient treated with autogenous bone grafting procedures. Conclusions: The study concluded that reconstruction of atrophic maxillae with a bone substitute material (DFDB) in combination with GBR can be performed with an equal treatment outcome and with less resources and a significant reduced cost in selected cases compared with autogenous bone grafts from the iliac crest.     

Dissolution of enamel

abstract — Each of six premolars were exposed to 8 ml of a buffer, pH 5.0. The ionic activity products for FA, HA, CaHPO₄, CaF₂ and Ca₄H(PO₄)₃ were determined. It was found that the liquid phase initially was unsaturated with respect to all solid phases and that FA and HA were dissolving from the enamel. Four hours after initiation of the experiments the liquid phase was supersaturated with respect to FA while still unsaturated with respect to HA, which resulted in a precipitation of FA in the enamel and a dissolution of HA from the enamel. Teeth which had been exposed to a buffer unsaturated with respect to both FA and HA exhibited the signs of a natural erosion, while teeth exposed to a buffer supersaturated with respect to FA and unsaturated with respect to HA showed the characteristics of a caries lesion. It was found by analyzing various acidic beverages that these were unsaturated with respect to both FA and HA. By calculation it was found that saliva was unsaturated with respect to HA and supersaturated with respect to FA at a pH of between 5.5 and 4.5. It was concluded that the erosive lesion can be described as the result of a demineralization caused by a liquid phase unsaturated with respect to both HA and FA and the carious injury by a liquid phase unsaturated with respect to HA and supersaturated with respect to FA.