Cerinate瓷贴面在牙齿美容修复中的临床应用

目的：通过对58例患者382颗瓷贴面修复效果的临床观察,评价该技术在牙科美容中的作用.方法：门诊选择382颗需要美容修复的前牙和前磨牙,使用Cerinate瓷贴面修复系统进行修复,于修复后1周、6个月、1年、2年、3年和5年复诊,对患者满意度、贴面脱落、折裂、边缘适合性、修复体颜色及牙龈健康情况等进行评价.结果：临床调查结果显示,1年内100%的瓷贴面具有良好的边缘适合性及牙龈健康状况,修复体色泽稳定,有2个修复体折裂重新制作,3个脱落并再行粘结,1颗牙出现加重的敏感症状而行根管治疗术.所有患者对修复效果均非常满意.结论：Cerinate瓷贴面修复系统是一种可靠的、理想的前牙美容修复方法.     

超薄瓷贴面前牙美学修复的临床效果评价

目的：评价超薄瓷贴面在前牙美学修复中的临床效果。方法对64例要求前牙美学修复患者的112颗前牙进行超薄瓷贴面修复,追踪24个月,采用改良加利福尼亚牙科协会-瑞格（Ryge）标准,对修复效果进行评价。结果在12个月复查时有2颗贴面发现切端折裂。在24个月复查时有1颗贴面发现远中切角部分折裂;另有1颗贴面边缘可探及间隙;5颗贴面边缘有较明显着色。所有复诊病例均未出现牙敏感及牙龈炎。结论超薄瓷贴面牙体预备量少,修复强度高,不易脱落折裂,具有良好的临床修复效果。     

IPS e.max Press全瓷贴面在前牙修复中的应用

目的 评价IPS e.max Press全瓷贴面在前牙美容修复应用中的临床疗效.方法 对52例患者的103颗前牙进行IPS e.max Press全瓷贴面修复,于修复体粘接后每半年进行复查评价其临床效果.结果 经过2年的复查,有1个瓷贴面发生折裂,2个出现裂纹,2颗贴面修复的基牙有轻度的牙龈炎症,无瓷贴面脱落.结论 IPS e.max Press全瓷贴面修复能有效保存牙体组织,获得满意的美学修复效果,在前牙美容修复中具有良好的应用前景.     

瓷贴面与纳米树脂修复上前牙切角缺损的对比研究

目的：比较瓷贴面和纳米树脂修复上前牙切角缺损的临床疗效。方法：对上前牙切角缺损患者行瓷贴面修复或纳米树脂修复,1年后对其修复效果进行评估。结果：瓷贴面在修复体颜色、边缘密合度、牙髓反应方面,均优于纳米树脂修复。结论：瓷贴面用于上前牙切角缺损的修复可取得比较好的临床效果。     

两种不同牙体预备方法对前牙瓷贴面粘接效果的临床对比研究

目的：对46例242颗牙瓷贴面的临床观察,比较Er,Cr：YSGG激光和金刚砂车针进行前牙预备及瓷贴面的粘接效果。方法：选择242颗需要美容修复的前牙,使用Er,Cr：YSGG激光或金刚砂车针分别进行牙体预备,进行IPS Empress铸瓷贴面修复,每半年进行复查,对修复体密合性、脱落率和破损率进行评价。结果：经过2年的复查,经Er,Cr：YSGG激光进行牙体预备的贴面,其脱落率绝大多数低于4％;金刚砂车针进行牙体预备的贴面,其脱落率绝大多数高于4％。二者的边缘封闭性和破损率大致相同。结论：在前牙区瓷贴面修复中,Er,Cr：YSGG激光进行牙体预备能够获得较为理想的粘接效果。     

前牙E-max铸瓷贴面的临床应用

目的观察瓷贴面在前牙美容修复中的应用及其临床效果。方法通过19位患者46颗前牙行E-max铸瓷贴面修复,随访两年,定期检查其临床指征如修复体完整度、颜色满意度、边缘适合性、术后敏感、牙龈炎性反应等,并对其进行评价。结果经过两年的临床观察,瓷贴面的存留率约为92%;约有5%的患者认为颜色或透光度略有不协调,但均能接受;13%的患者初期有轻度冷热刺激敏感,症状随时间的延长均有好转;2%的修复体龈缘出现轻微充血;95%的修复体边缘适合性良好。结论 E-max全瓷贴面美容修复前牙,其牙体预备少,颜色美观自然,是一种可靠、理想的前牙美容修复技术。     

全瓷贴面在前牙美容修复中的疗效观察

目的：探讨全瓷贴面在前牙美容修复中的疗效。方法：选择97颗前牙,全瓷贴面修复,并进行2年的随访,采用美国公共健康协会的修正标准进行评价分析。结果：97颗全瓷贴面在修复完成后6个月,六项评价指标均达到A级;修复完成后1年,修复体周围龋：2颗达到B级;修复完成后2年,2例患者(3颗牙)失访,修复体周围龋：2颗B级、1颗C级,修复体折断：1颗B级,基牙松动：2颗B级。结论：全瓷贴面在前牙美学修复中的临床效果是非常理想的。     

烤瓷贴面临床效果相关影响因素的回顾性研究

目的：评价完成修复1-8年的310颗长石质烤瓷贴面的远期临床效果,对临床效果相关影响因素进行分析。方法：对完成修复1-8年的310颗前牙或前磨牙长石质烤瓷贴面进行复查,采用改良的瓷贴面评价标准对修复体完整度、修复体磨耗、颜色满意度、边缘染色、边缘适合性、继发龋、牙本质敏感症状及牙龈指数8项指标进行评估,统计烤瓷贴面修复的存败率,logistic回归分析对影响临床效果的相关因素进行分析。结果：烤瓷贴面修复1-8年的总存留率为90．65％。患者具有咀嚼系统不良习惯、修复后使用不当、口腔卫生状况差,患牙为年轻恒牙、着色程度严重,修复体颈缘位于龈下、前伸耠早接触是影响修复效果的危险因素。结论：烤瓷贴面修复技术的远期临床效果良好,存在的影响修复效果的危险因素尚待临床上克服。     

瓷贴面在前牙美学修复中的临床应用

目的评价瓷贴面在前牙美学修复中的临床效果。方法对65例要求前牙美学修复患者的135颗前牙进行瓷贴面修复,追踪18个月,观察修复体完整性、牙龈健康情况、颜色匹配度和术后修复后有无牙齿敏感,对修复效果进行评价。结果效果满意125颗,效果一般10颗,满意率为92.0%,成功率为100%。结论在严格选择适应证的前提下,瓷贴面在前牙美容修复中能取得良好效果。     

IPSe.max铸瓷贴面美学修复的临床评价

目的：评价IPSe.max铸瓷贴面在前牙美容修复的临床效果。方法：对13例患者（总计63颗）行IPS e.max铸瓷贴面修复。1个月、3个月、12个月、24个月后复诊检查,根据改良Ryge评价标准评价临床效果。结果：63例瓷贴面均完整未脱落;1例出现边缘渗漏着色;3颗患牙出现牙本质敏感现象。结论：IPS e.max铸瓷贴面是前牙较理想的美学修复方法,能满足患者对美观的要求,取得良好的临床效果。     

超薄贴面与常规贴面临床对比研究

目的：比较超薄贴面与常规贴面的临床效果,为超薄贴面的临床应用提供依据。方法选取超薄贴面20例与常规贴面修复患者45例,基牙分别为72、120颗,3、6、12、24、36个月后随访,依据改良美国公共卫生署贴面评价分类标准进行临床效果对比研究,统计留存率和成功率。结果经过3年观察,超薄贴面和常规贴面在继发龋、边缘适合性、边缘变色、颜色适合性和结构形态方面均有较好的临床表现,留存率及成功率均大于90%,经连续性校正卡方检验差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论超薄贴面可以获得与常规贴面相近的临床效果。     

Porcelain laminate veneers. A retrospective evaluation after 1 to 10 years of service: Part I--Clinical procedure

PURPOSE: Currently available clinical studies on porcelain laminate veneers seem to support their use as a standard treatment method in modern restorative dentistry. The purpose of this study, which comprises 3 parts, was to evaluate the clinical applicability and the survival probability of porcelain laminate veneers for an observation period of up to 10 years. This first part of the study describes the step-by-step clinical procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The reasons for provision of porcelain laminate veneers were mainly for the treatment of worn anterior teeth, surface enamel defects, intrinsic discolorations, and hypoplasia. As the treatment time for try-in, cementation, and finishing of veneers differs significantly from that needed for conventional restorations, the total time required for veneer treatment was evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 205 porcelain laminate veneers, 117 in the maxilla and 88 in the mandible, was placed in 72 patients (43 females and 29 males). Mean cementation time was 38.7 minutes, which increased significantly to 43.9 minutes if single discolored teeth were being restored. Clinical experience and a familiarity with the strict step-by-step procedure followed throughout the study reduced the mean treatment time from 40.8 minutes during the first 5 years to 36.7 minutes in the following years. CONCLUSION: The porcelain laminate veneer concept provides excellent esthetic and conservative restorations, but it should be stated that the cementation and finishing procedure is highly time consuming.     

变色牙瓷贴面修复的临床初步观察及有关问题的探讨

目的：观察Ｃｅｒｉｎａｔｅ烤瓷贴面的近期临床效果并探讨相关的几个问题。方法：通过耐火包埋料制作瓷贴面技术修复了８例５２个变色牙，观察了３月～６月的临床效果。结果：５２个牙齿在３月～６月内未发生脱落、染色或牙龈炎症，取得了满意的临床效果。结论：Ｃｅｒｉｎａｔｅ是一种较理想的瓷贴面修复材料，遮色瓷的应用有助于变色牙颜色的遮盖，对粘结强度没有直接影响。     

546例四环素牙烤瓷贴面修复的临床观察

目的 通过546颗前牙瓷贴面修复效果的临床观察，评价该项技术刘四环素变色牙的修复效果。方法 546颗四环素变色牙用Cerinate瓷贴面修复系统进行修复，用改良Ryge评价方法，观察经0.5年、1.5年和2.5年临床使用后贴面的边缘适合性、颜色稳定性及患者对颜色的满意程度。结果 临床调查结果表明，99%的瓷贴面具有优良的边缘适合性，整体脱落率低于1%；瓷贴面颜色稳定；患者对该项修复的长期效果非常满意。结论 研究表明，Cerinate瓷贴面修复系统是一种可靠的、理想的四环素前牙修复方式。     

Porcelain laminate veneers: a conservative esthetic treatment. Report of 3 cases

The bonded etched porcelain laminate veneer is a conservative esthetic treatment to restore fractured, malaligned, worn or discoloured teeth. The advantages of veneers over crowns and clinical techniques for placing porcelain laminate veneers have been described. Three study cases are presented.     

Clinical performance of porcelain laminate veneers without incisal overlapping: 3-year results

The aim of this clinical trial was to evaluate the performance of 135 porcelain laminate veneers placed on anterior teeth without incisal preparation. Only 0.3–0.5 mm of the facial enamel was removed using a tapered round-ended diamond bur. The veneers were fabricated from a sintered feldspathic porcelain, etched and silanized and then bonded with a light-cured composite lute. The veneers were yearly examined clinically for debonding, chipping, marginal integrity and staining. After 3 years of service all veneers were retained. Incisal chipping occurred in seven veneered teeth. Wear and staining were negligible. It was concluded that this minimal porcelain veneer restoration with no incisal overlapping was conservative, predictable and successful.     

Clinical evaluation of 546 tetracycline-stained teeth treated with porcelain laminate veneers

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical result of 546 tetracycline-stained teeth restored with a porcelain laminate veneer system (Cerinate, Den-Mat, USA) for aesthetic reasons. METHODS: Tetracycline-stained teeth (546) were restored with a porcelain veneer system, and bonded with Ultra Bond resin cement. The restorations were recalled after 0.5, 1.5 and 2.5 years, respectively. Modified Ryge criteria were used to evaluate the veneers marginal adaptation, interfacial staining, secondary caries, postoperative sensitivity and the patients' satisfaction of the colour of the restorations. RESULTS: This study found that 99% veneers had excellent marginal adaptations; and less than 1% veneers required rebonding in the first 6 months; the colour of the veneers was stable and no evident staining was found. Almost all patients were satisfied with the colour match of their restorations 1 year after placement. CONCLUSIONS: The research indicated that the porcelain veneer restoration system under investigation provided a reliable and highly satisfactory choice for the aesthetic restoration of tetracycline-stained teeth.     

核饰瓷厚度和基底颜色对铸瓷贴面修复四环素牙光学性能的影响

目的 分析不同瓷层厚度和变色基底对IPS e.max铸瓷贴面修复四环素牙的色彩学性能和半透性的影响。方法 用热压铸造方法制作IPS e.max LT核瓷,在其表面堆塑体瓷,制作饰/核瓷厚度分别为0.25 mm/0.25 mm、0.50 mm/0.25 mm、0.25 mm/0.50 mm、0.50 mm/0.50 mm、0.25 mm/0.75 mm的铸瓷试件。利用分光光度计测量试件在模拟四环素牙背景及黑白背景下的L^*、a^*、b^*值,计算试件置于模拟四环素牙背景上与背景本身色差ΔE₀₀1,及其与试件在白背景上色差ΔE₀₀2和半透性参数(TP值)。采用SPSS 17.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果 ΔE₀₀1随着核饰瓷厚度增加而增加,但饰瓷厚度为0.50 mm时,核瓷从0.25 mm增加到0.50 mm,ΔE₀₀1间无统计学差异(P>0.01)。除浅灰背景外,其余背景下ΔE₀₀2随核饰瓷厚度增加而减小,但饰瓷厚度0.25 mm时,核瓷0.50 mm与0.75 mm组间无统计学差异(P>0.01)。不同四环素牙背景下铸瓷试件的ΔE₀₀1和ΔE₀₀2差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。随核饰瓷厚度增加,试件TP值均降低。不同核饰瓷厚度组TP值均有统计学差异(P<0.01)。结论 核饰瓷厚度和四环素牙颜色显著影响IPS e.max LT铸瓷贴面的遮色性能和色彩匹配性;IPS e.max LT铸瓷贴面修复偏黄四环素牙时色彩性能最优,修复浅灰四环素牙时色彩匹配性最差。核饰瓷厚度显著影响IPS e.max LT铸瓷贴面的半透性。