The influence of internal surface treatments on tensile bond strength for two ceramic systems

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM: The ceramic composition and surface microstructure of all-ceramic restorations are important components of an effective bonding substrate. Hydrofluoric acid and sandblasting are well-known procedures for surface treatment; however, surface treatment for high alumina-containing and lithium disilicate ceramics have not been fully investigated. PURPOSE: This in vitro study evaluated the tensile bond strength of resin cement to two types of ceramic systems with different surface treatments. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Thirty specimens of each ceramic system were made according to the manufacturer's instructions and embedded in polyester resin. Specimens of In-Ceram Alumina [I] and IPS Empress 2 [E] were distributed to three groups with differing surface treatments (n = 10): sandblasting with 50 microm aluminum oxide (APA); sandblasting with 110 microm aluminum oxide modified with silica particles (ROCATEC System-RS); a combination of sandblasting with APA and 10% hydrofluoric acid etching (HA) for two minutes on In-Ceram and for 20 seconds for IPS Empress 2. After the respective surface treatments, all the specimens were silanated, and Rely-X resin cement was injected onto the ceramic surface and light polymerized. The specimens were stored in distilled water at 37 degrees C for 24 hours and thermally cycled 1,100 times (5 degrees C/55 degrees C). The tensile bond strength test was performed in a universal testing machine at a 0.5 mm/minute crosshead speed. RESULTS: The mean bond strength values (MPa) for IPS Empress 2 were 12.01 +/- 5.93 (EAPA), 10.34 +/- 1.77 (ERS) and 14.49 +/- 3.04 (EHA). The mean bond strength values for In-Ceram Alumina were 9.87 +/- 2.40 (IAPA) and 20.40 +/- 6.27 (IRS). All In-Ceram specimens treated with 10% hydrofluoric acid failed during thermal cycling. CONCLUSION: The Rocatec system was the most effective surface treatment for In-Ceram Alumina ceramics; whereas, the combination of aluminum oxide sandblasting and hydrofluoric acid etching for 20 seconds worked more effectively for Empress 2 ceramics.     

不同表面处理方式对聚醚醚酮与复合树脂粘接性能的影响

目的研究不同存储条件下6种通用型粘接剂及喷砂条件对聚醚醚酮（PEEK）与复合树脂之间粘接强度和耐久性的影响。 方法将PEEK材料切割成12个边长为2 cm的正方体试件。对其中6个试件进行氧化铝喷砂处理。6种通用型粘接剂为：Tetric N-Bond Universal（TNU）、Single Bond Universal（SBU）、DX.BOND UNI（DXB）、Selective Etch Bond（SEB）、Gluma Bond Universal（GBU）、Prime & Bond Universal（PBU）。实验分为7组,每组包含4个喷砂面和4个未喷砂面。7种表面处理方法分别为：不使用粘接剂（对照组）和6种通用型粘接剂（实验组：TNU组、SBU组、DXB组、SEB组、GBU组、PBU组）。经表面处理后,将流动复合树脂F00注入透明模具并将其无压力置于试件表面后进行光照固化。试件分别在37 ℃恒温水浴24 h或冷热循环3000次后进行剪切粘接强度测试。使用松风EyeSpecial C-Ⅳ口腔专用相机微距模式进行断面拍照并进行断裂模式分析。采用SPSS 23.0软件Three-Way ANOVA（冷热循环、粘接剂与喷砂）与Tukey方法对各组数据进行统计分析（α = 0.05）。 结果24 h水浴条件下,TNU组分别获得不喷砂组（9.92 ± 1.19）MPa与喷砂组（9.97 ± 1.03）MPa最高粘接强度;冷热循环3000次后PBU组分别获得不喷砂组（6.75 ± 0.99）MPa与喷砂组（7.22 ± 1.30）MPa最高粘接强度。三因素分析结果显示：冷热循环（F = 3 045.429,P<0.001）、粘接剂（F = 361.165,P<0.001）与喷砂（F = 80.050,P<0.001）可显著影响粘接强度;冷热循环与粘接剂（F = 155.724,P<0.001）、粘接剂与喷砂（F = 3.535,P = 0.002）、冷热循环与喷砂（F = 9.184,P = 0.003）两两因素间分别具有交互作用;冷热循环、粘接剂与喷砂三因素间具有交互作用（F = 12.392,P<0.001）。 结论（1）喷砂有助于改善通用型粘接剂对复合树脂与PEEK 37 ℃恒温水浴24 h粘接强度;（2）复合树脂与PEEK粘接强度在冷热循环3000次后显著降低;（3）本实验中PBU组粘接耐久性优于其他粘接系统。     

Investigation into the Effect of Use of Metal Primer on Adhesion of Heat Cure Acrylic Resin to Cast Titanium: An In Vitro Study

The availability of adhesive primers capable of bonding chemically to base metal alloys without well defined passive oxide surface film has been improved significantly over the last decade. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to compare and evaluate the effect of metal primer on adhesion of heat cure acrylic resin to cast titanium. Shear bond strength test was conducted on 80 commercially pure titanium cast metal heat-cure acrylic resin discs treated with different surface treatments. The first group received no surface treatment (group I); the second group was subjected to sandblasting (group II); the third group was treated with bonding agent (alloy primer) (group III) and the fourth was treated with sandblasting and alloy primer (group IV). After the samples were surface treated, acrylic resin was mixed, packed and processed over the test area of cast titanium. Ten specimens of each group were immersed in distilled water for 24 h followed by thermocycling for 20,000 cycles. Shear bond-strength between the heat cure acrylic resin and titanium was evaluated using Instron universal testing machine. Debonded specimens of all the groups were subjected to SEM analysis. The bond failure (MPa) was analyzed by ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple comparison tests. Surface treatment with sandblasting, followed by the application of alloy primer showed maximum shear bond strength before and after thermocycling (24.50 ± 0.59 and 17.39 ± 1.56 MPa respectively).The bond strength values are found to be in decreasing magnitudes as group IV > group III > group II > group I. The following pretreatment to improve the shear bond strength of heat cure acrylic resin to titanium is recommended in order to attain the maximum bond strength in cast titanium frameworks for various prostheses: sandblasting, cleaning in an ultrasonic bath for 10 min and air drying followed by application of a bonding agent uniformly on the sandblasted cast titanium surface before packing with heat cure acrylic resin.     

The effect of surface treatment on the shear bond strength of luting cement to a glass-infiltrated alumina ceramic

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of three different surface treatments on the bond strength of four different luting cements--three bis-GMA-based resin cements and a compomer cement--to In-Ceram. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight In-Ceram samples were used for each experimental group. The samples were randomly assigned three treatment conditions: (1) etching for 90 seconds with 5% hydrofluoric acid gel, (2) sandblasting (110-micron Al2O3), and (3) tribochemical silica coating. All samples were silanated following the surface treatment. The luting cements were bonded to In-Ceram specimens using Teflon tubes. All samples were thermocycled for 5,000 cycles altering between 5 and 55 degrees C with 30-second dwell times. The shear bond strength values were measured in a universal testing machine with a cross-head speed of 1 mm/min. Analysis of variance was used to analyze data. RESULTS: The mean bond strengths varied between 1.2 and 24.7 MPa. CONCLUSION: Shear bond strength of compomer cement following tribochemical silica coating was significantly lower in comparison to resin cements. Luting of In-Ceram with various resins provided varying degrees of bond strengths that were significantly increased by the tribochemical silica-coating system.     

Super-Bond C&B黏接系统与纯钛的黏接强度研究

目的研究Super-Bond C&B黏接系统与纯钛的黏接强度。方法用牙科铸钛的方法制备直径分别为4和5mm的钛棒,切割成长度为3mm的钛段。2种规格的钛段各取1个组成1对为1个黏接单位,共48对黏接单位。经3种不同处理后与Super-Bond C&B黏接:不喷砂,保持抛光后的表面黏接;②110μm氧化铝喷砂10min后黏接;③110μm氧化铝喷砂24h后黏接。经热循环5000次后,测试纯钛与黏接剂之间的剪切黏接强度。剪切测试后的脱黏面用体视显微镜观察破坏类型,统计分析。结果喷砂后的纯钛黏接强度有明显提高(P<0.01),喷砂10min和24h后的黏接强度没有变化(P>0.05),热循环后剪切强度有明显下降(P<0.01)。结论使用Super-Bond C&B黏接系统能与纯钛产生较高的黏接强度,满足临床黏接桥的使用,喷砂可以提高黏接强度。Super-Bond C&B的长期使用还显不足。     

唾液污染对氧化锆陶瓷粘结影响的研究

目的:研究唾液污染对氧化锆陶瓷粘结的影响,以及有效清除污染的方法。方法:Al2O3颗粒喷砂处理的氧化锆陶瓷盘状标本40个,分成5组,每组8个,1组标本不经唾液浸润作为对照组,其余4组标本进行唾液浸润后,分别用75%乙醇冲洗、37%磷酸冲洗、水冲洗和喷砂的清洁方法处理,用X-射线电子光谱对各组标本进行表面化学分析,然后将复合树脂小柱与各组陶瓷盘状标本用含有磷酸盐单体的树脂类粘结剂粘结,在水中浸泡3d以后,测量其拉伸强度(TBS)。结果:与对照组相比,磷酸组和喷砂组的唾液污染被有效清除,而乙醇和水不能清除陶瓷表面的唾液污染。结论:在氧化锆陶瓷修复体的试戴过程中,唾液污染显著地降低了氧化锆陶瓷与树脂类粘结剂粘结的拉伸强度(TBS),而进行喷砂处理是最有效的去除唾液污染的方法。     

Effect of surface treatment of a glass-infiltrated alumina ceramic on the microtensile bond strength

This study evaluated the microtensile bond strength of a resin composite to a ceramic submitted to three surface treatments. Twelve glass-infiltrated alumina ceramic blocks (In-Ceram Alumina, VITA) and twelve resin composite blocks (Clearfil APX, Kuraray) with dimensions of 6mm x 6mm x 5mm were made. The surface of the ceramic was wet-grounded with # 600, 800 and 1200-grid sandpaper, and the blocks were divided in three groups: Group 1 - sandblasting with aluminum oxide - particles 110mm (Micro-Etcher, Danville); Group 2 - Rocatec System (ESPE): Tribochemical silica coating (Rocatec pre-powder + Rocatec-Plus powder + Rocatec-Sil); Group 3 - CoJet System (3M/ESPE): silica coating (silica oxide + ESPE-Sil). The ceramic blocks were cemented to the resin composite blocks with Panavia F (Kuraray Co), following the manufacturer's instructions, under load of 750g for 10min. The samples were stored (distilled water / 7 days / 37O C) and sectioned in two axis, x and y, with diamond disk under cooling in order to obtain samples (S) with 0.6 ± 0.1mm2 of adhesive area (n=36). The S were attached in adapted device for the microtensile test that was performed at an universal testing machine (EMIC), at a speed of 1mm/min. The results (MPa) were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's test (p<0.05): G1 - 15.36; G2 - 30.98; G3 - 31.25. Groups 2 (Rocatec) and 3 (CoJet) presented larger bond strength than group 1. There was no statistical difference between group 2 and group 3.     

涂底剂对氧化锆陶瓷短期粘结强度影响的研究

目的 评价几种新型涂底剂对氧化锆陶瓷与树脂短期粘结强度的影响。方法 加工氧化锆瓷片随机分为6组分别对粘结面进行以下处理:组A,氧化铝喷砂;组B,摩擦化学法硅涂层+硅烷偶联剂;组C,喷砂+Clearfil Ceramic Primer涂底剂;组D,喷砂+ Clearfil SE-Bond涂底剂;组E,喷砂+Z-Prime Plus涂底剂;组F,喷砂+Metal/Zirconia Primer涂底剂。制作复合树脂试件并以传统Bis-GMA基质的树脂水门汀将其粘固于各组氧化锆瓷片上。室温水储24 h后测试剪切粘结强度。结果 组A和组B分别显示了最低和最高的粘结强度,其余各组间无显著差别。结论 氧化锆涂底剂能够提高氧化锆陶瓷的短期树脂粘结强度,但效果弱于硅涂层结合硅烷化的方法。     

Effect of ceramic surface treatment on the shear bond strengths of two resin luting agents to all-ceramic materials

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bond strengths of some resin luting cements of two different all ceramic materials (In-Ceram, IPS-Empress). Composite cylinders 3.2 x 2 mm were prepared on the ceramic surfaces for a shear test. Four ceramic surface treatments were performed. (i). As received, (ii). grinding with diamond bur, (iii). sandblasting with 50 microm alumina grit and (iv). HF acid treatment and sandblasting with 50 microm alumina grit. Ceramic specimens were treated with one of the four methods and then cemented together with each of the two luting agents. The tested luting cements were Panavia F and Clearfil Se Bond (CSeB). The CSeB demonstrated the highest bond strength (59.95 MPa) regardless of the ceramic blocks. The average of load to fracture the In-Ceram blocks luted with Panavia F cement was 25.89 MPa. The mean shear bond strength of IPS Empress blocks luted with Panavia F cement was 10.31 MPa. Grinding the surface with a diamond bur for In-Ceram blocks luted with Panavia-F was 30.93 MPa and with CSeB was 77.04 MPa. For IPS-Empress blocks these values decreased to 12.39 MPa for Panavia-F and 30.84 MPa for CSeB. Acid etching of the surfaces with HF acid demonstrated a weak tendency to improve bond strength (In-Ceram-->Panavia-F= 14.59 MPa and CSeB=59.32 Mpa; IPS-Empress--> Panavia-F=5.85 MPa and CSeB= 23.33 MPa).     

冷热循环对不同金属与树脂粘接剂粘接强度的影响

目的：冷热循环对不同金属与树脂粘接剂粘接强度的影响。方法：铸造直径分别为4mm和5mm的镍铬合金和纯钛,切割成长度为3mm的标本。2种规格的同种金属标本配对,金属表面经50μmAlzO3喷砂,涂布Al—loy Primer,使用Super—BondC＆B和PanaviaF2种粘接剂粘接。固化后经37℃恒温水浴24h以及10000次冷热循环,测试剪切粘接强度。用spssl7．0统计软件进行统计分析。结果：10000次冷热循环后,镍铬合金与Super—BondC＆B、纯钛与PanaviaF粘接强度显著提高（P〈O．01）,其余各组没有统计学差异。结论：粘接剂的种类对冷热循环前后的粘接强度没有明显影响,金属的种类对冷热循环前后的粘接强度没有明显影响,但是不同金属和不同粘接剂的配伍组合在冷热循环前后的粘接强度变化有统计学意义。     

Evaluation of shear bond strength between dual cure resin cement and zirconia ceramic after thermocycling treatment

PURPOSE

This study was performed to evaluate shear bond strength (SBS) between three dual-cured resin cements and silica coated zirconia, before and after thermocycling treatment.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Sixty specimens were cut in 15 × 2.75 mm discs using zirconia. After air blasting of 50 µm alumina, samples were prepared by tribochemical silica coating with Rocatec™ plus. The specimens were divided into three groups according to the dual-cure resin cement used: (1) Calibra silane+Calibra®, (2) Monobond S+Multilink® N and (3) ESPN sil+RelyX™ Unicem Clicker. After the resin cement was bonded to the zirconia using a Teflon mold, photopolymerization was carried out. Only 10 specimens in each group were thermocycled 6,000 times. Depending on thermocycling treatment, each group was divided into two subgroups (n=10) and SBS was measured by applying force at the speed of 1 mm/min using a universal testing machine. To find out the differences in SBS according to the types of cements and thermocycling using the SPSS, two-way ANOVA was conducted and post-hoc analysis was performed by Turkey''s test.

RESULTS

In non-thermal aged groups, SBS of Multilink group (M1) was higher than that of Calibra (C1) and Unicem (U1) group (P<.05). Moreover, even after thermocycling treatment, SBS of Multilink group (M2) was higher than the other groups (C2 and U2). All three cements showed lower SBS after the thermocycling than before the treatments. But Multilink and Unicem had a significant difference (P<.05).

CONCLUSION

In this experiment, Multilink showed the highest SBS before and after thermocycling. Also, bond strengths of all three cements decreased after thermocycling.     

Shear bond strength of a new resin bonding system to different ceramic restorations

This study evaluated the shear bond strength of a newly developed resin bonding system, including single-liquid ceramic primer and dual-cured resin luting agent, to 5 ceramic materials (feldspathic porcelain, machinable ceramic, In-Ceram Alumina, Procera AllCeram alumina, and Cercon). Ceramic specimens were cleaned with phosphoric acid, treated with primer, and bonded with a resin luting agent. Shear bond strength was determined after 24 hours of immersion in water and/or 10,000 thermocycles. There were no significant differences in bond strength before and after thermocycling for the 5 ceramic materials (P > .05). The findings indicate that the resin bonding system may offer an acceptable performance in terms of clinical success for the 5 ceramic restorations.     

两种表面处理方法对氧化锆粘接强度影响的研究

目的探究表面清洁剂Ivoclean和氧化锆预处理剂Z-PRIME PLUS对唾液浸泡后的氧化锆陶瓷与自粘接树脂水门汀之间粘接强度的影响。方法制作50块10 mm×10 mm×2 mm氧化锆瓷块,喷砂后,随机分成5组(n=10),A组不作处理,B、C、D、E组于人工唾液浸泡1 min,分别用包含磷酸酯单体10-甲基丙烯酰氧癸二氢磷酸酯(10-methacryloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate,MDP)的Z-PRIME PLUS及Ivoclean单独或联合处理后,与树脂水门汀粘接。万能试验机测试5组试件的剪切强度,体式显微镜下观察断裂模式。结果氧化锆陶瓷与树脂水门汀之间的粘接强度由高到低为:E>D>A>C>B,E组混合破坏最多。结论唾液污染会降低氧化锆与树脂水门汀之间的粘接强度。含MDP的预处理剂与Ivoclean表面清洁剂均能提高树脂粘接剂与氧化锆瓷块之间的粘接强度,且二者联合应用效果更好。     

自粘接树脂水门汀与两种粗化处理的二硅酸锂陶瓷的粘接性能评价

摘要］目的：评价自粘接树脂水门汀与喷砂和氢氟酸酸蚀两种方式粗化处理的二硅酸锂陶瓷的粘接强度及耐久性。材料和方法：制作二硅酸锂瓷片183个,烧结后随机分为2组分别进行氢氟酸酸蚀和喷砂,随后根据粘接策略的不同分为RU（RelyX Unicem）、RU200(RelyXTM U200)以及RV(silane+RelyX Veneer) 3个亚组分别制作粘接试件。各组试件一半于37℃下水储24h,另一半进行20000次冷热循环,随后测试剪切粘接强度。氢氟酸酸蚀、喷砂及未进行粗化处理的陶瓷试件采用扫描电镜观察表面形貌。结果：氢氟酸组产生显著高于喷砂组的粘接强度（p<0.05）;单纯应用自粘接树脂水门汀组的粘接效果与传统树脂水门汀结合硅烷预处理组无统计学差别（p=0.057）;所有组的粘接强度在老化后均显著降低（p<0.05）。结论：氢氟酸酸蚀可以获得较氧化铝喷砂处理更佳的粘接效果;自粘接树脂水门汀在无需硅烷预处理的条件下用于二硅酸锂陶瓷的粘接可获得较好的粘接效果。     

不同方法处理脱落托槽后其抗剪切强度对比研究

目的 观察正畸托槽脱落后再次黏结时托槽底板的不同处理方法对抗剪切强度的影响。方法 选择40颗离体人前磨牙,随机分成4组,每组10个样本,托槽均使用3M UNITEK transbond XT光敏树脂正畸黏结剂黏结。处理方法分别为更换新托槽组（简称更新组）;磨除底板残胶组（简称磨除组）;托槽底板喷砂处理组（简称喷砂组）;氯仿溶液浸泡溶解托槽底板上的黏结剂组（简称氯仿浸润组）。各样本均采用万能测试机进行剪切强度试验,记录每组抗剪切强度数值的变化并观察ARI指数（牙面残留黏结剂指数）。结果 磨除组、喷砂组抗剪切强度增强,氯仿浸泡组抗剪切强度则减弱,三者间均有统计学差异。结论 黏结脱落托槽时可采用磨除法或喷砂法对脱落托槽底板进行处理。     

不同喷砂条件对氧化锆/间接修复树脂双层结构剪切强度的影响

目的探究不同喷砂压力、喷砂时间以及喷砂氧化铝颗粒大小对牙科氧化锆与间接修复树脂界面剪切强度的影响。方法 250个氧化锆试件根据不同的喷砂压力、喷砂时间及喷砂氧化铝颗粒大小随机分成25组,对照组氧化锆不接受表面喷砂。使用万用试验机对每一组氧化锆试件与间接修复树脂界面的剪切强度进行测量并比较。并观察断面断裂模式。结果随着喷砂时间、喷砂颗粒尺寸增加,氧化锆与间接修复树脂界面剪切强度随着增加(P<0.001;P<0.001)。喷砂压力由0.1 MPa增加至0.2 MPa时,界面剪切强度增加(P=0.036),当喷砂压力由0.2 MPa增加至0.4 MPa或0.4 MPa增加至0.6 MPa,界面剪切强度未有显著变化(P=0.609;P=0.689)。C型断裂模式随着剪切强度增加出现概率也增加。结论在牙科领域氧化锆与间接修复树脂粘结中采用21 s、0.2 MPa及110μm的喷砂条件最为适合。     

Bonding indirect resin composites to metal: part 2. Effect of alloy surface treatment on elemental composition of alloy and bond strength

PURPOSE: This laboratory study compared the effect of different surface treatments of a medium-gold, high-noble alloy on the shear bond strength of an indirect, highly filled resin composite to the alloy and on the elemental composition of the alloy surface. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety disks, cast in a medium-gold, high-noble porcelain-fused-to-metal alloy (V-Deltaloy), received three different surface treatments: sandblasting with 50-microm Al2O3 (group 1) or 250-microm Al2O3 (group 2) and chemical agents, or with 250-microm Al2O3 without chemical agents (group 3) prior to bonding of an indirect resin composite (Artglass, and chemical agents Siloc-pre and Siloc-bond). The specimens were tested in shear, half of them after 24-hour dry storage at room temperature and the rest after 10-day storage in normal saline solution at 37 degrees C and thermocycling (2,500 cycles between 5 and 55 degrees C). Morphologic and qualitative changes on the alloy surface after sandblasting with 50- or 250-microm Al2O3 were examined by SEM using EDS analysis and compared with polished specimens. Statistical analysis was performed using two-factor ANOVA. RESULTS: The mean shear bond strengths (in MPa) after dry or wet storage and thermocycling were 29 and 24 for group 1, 21 and 18 for group 2, and 17 and 12 for group 3, respectively; there was a statistically significant difference among the groups. Sandblasting of the alloy surface led to statistically significant changes in elemental composition. These changes were of greater magnitude when 50-microm Al2O3 particles were used. CONCLUSION: The particle size used for sandblasting influences the shear bond strength between a high-noble alloy and a highly filled indirect resin composite, as well as the elemental composition of the alloy surface.     

The effect of air abrasion with two new bonding agents on composite repair

This study evaluated the shear bond strength of repairs made with a composite (Herculite/Kerr) when two different surface treatment methods and two new generation bond materials were used. The bonding surfaces were prepared by sanding with 500-grit aluminum oxide sandpaper or air abrading with 25-micron aluminum oxide. Treated resin surfaces were acid etched, washed for one minute and air dried. Before adding the composite Herculite, either Optibond Solo (Kerr), Solobond M (Voco) bonding agent or no bonding agent (control group) was applied. The specimens were evaluated for shear bond strength after thermocycling. Fracture surfaces of some samples were also evaluated with SEM. Light microscope and SEM examination of fractured repair surfaces indicated mostly cohesive failure within the air-abraded group. The results showed that surface treatment with air abrasion plus Optibond Solo application had the highest shear bond strength.     

Shear bond strength of direct composite repairs in indirect composite systems

Indirect composite restorations may require repair during clinical service. This study evaluated the shear bond strength of direct composite repairs in indirect composites after four surface treatment procedures. Cylinders of three indirect composites (n = 10 per group) received the following surface treatment: sandpaper finishing (control group), 50 microm aluminum oxide sandblasting, 50 microm aluminum oxide sandblasting (plus 10% fluoridric acid etching), and 30 microm silaned silicon sandblasting. Repair procedure was simulated with the application of an adhesive agent and packing of a direct composite. After storage for one hour in relative humidity and 23 hours in distilled water at 37 degrees C, the specimens were tested for shear bond strength using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Groups treated with aluminum oxide sandblasting or CoJet Sand had the highest mean values of shear bond strength with no statistically significant difference between the two techniques.     

纳米硅涂层对玻璃渗透氧化铝陶瓷粘结强度的影响

目的：探讨利用溶胶凝胶法进行纳米硅涂层表面改性对玻璃渗透氧化铝陶瓷粘结强度的影响。方法：3组In-Ceram氧化铝瓷块分别施以“喷砂（P组）”、“喷砂＋硅烷偶联（PO组）”、“喷砂＋纳米硅涂层＋硅烷偶联（PTO）组）”的表面处理。制作陶瓷／复合树脂粘结体，室温下置蒸馏水中浸泡24h，微拉伸法测试各组试件粘结强度。结果：P组与PO组粘结强度较弱且无明显差异（P=0．797），PTO组的粘结强度明显高于其他组（P〈0．05）。结论：通过溶胶凝胶法在喷砂表面制备纳米硅涂层后应用硅烷偶联剂可以显著提高In-Ceram氧化铝陶瓷的粘结强度。