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1.
目的 探讨不同频率和声压级水平的次声对大鼠胃窦粘膜形态学的影响。方法 共选取210只雄性SD大鼠,将其中140只随机分为对照A组、8Hz-90dB组、8Hz-130dB组及16Hz-130dB组,每组35只。各次声组大鼠按设计要求分别暴露于不同频率和强度的次声舱内,每天2h;对照A组大鼠则置于次声舱内,每天2h,期间无次声作用。每组于次声作用第1,7,14,21及28天时各随机取出7只大鼠,采用HE染色及电子显微镜观察其胃窦粘膜病理改变情况。另外70只大鼠则随机分为暴露组及对照B组,每组各35只。将暴露组大鼠置于次声舱内,次声参数为8Hz、130dB,每天作用2h,持续14d后停止;对照B组大鼠亦每日置于次声舱中2h,期间无次声作用。2组大鼠分别于次声作用结束后第1,7,14,21及28天时各随机取出7只大鼠进行上述指标检测。结果 ①8Hz、90dB次声作用1d后,大鼠胃窦粘膜损伤积分与对照A组间差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05);作用7,14,21及28d后则明显高于对照A组(P〈0.01)。8Hz、130dB及16Hz、130dB次声作用1,7,14,21及28d后,大鼠胃窦粘膜损伤积分均明显高于对照A组(P〈0.01)。②8Hz、130dB次声作用1,7,14,21及28d时,其胃窦粘膜损伤积分均明显高于8Hz-90dB组(P〈0.01);作用14,21及28d时,则明显高于16Hz-130dB组(P〈0.01)。③8Hz、130dB次声连续作用14d后,发现大鼠胃窦粘膜损伤积分随后逐渐下降,但在次声作用停止后1,7,14,21及28d时仍显著高于对照B组(P〈0.05~0.01)。④8Hz及16Hz次声可引起大鼠胃窦粘膜细胞线粒体和内质网等超微结构发生异常改变。结论 8Hz、90dB或8Hz、130dB或16Hz、130dB次声作用均可引起大鼠胃窦粘膜损伤,其严重程度与次声频率、强度及作用时间等密切相关;大鼠经次声多次作用后可产生一定的适应性,当次声作用停止后,其胃窦粘膜损伤有自我恢复趋势。  相似文献   

2.
次声作用对大鼠胃黏膜生长抑素和P物质水平的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
目的 观察不同频率和声压级水平(强度)的次声作用对大鼠胃黏膜生长抑素、P物质含量的影响,探讨次声对胃肠系统的作用机制。方法 将140只大鼠随机分成4组,即对照组、8Hz-90dB组、8Hz-130dB组及16Hz-130dB组,每组各35只。各实验组大鼠按分组时规定分别暴露于不同频率和强度的次声舱内(2h/d),对照组大鼠则于相同时间内置于次声舱内(2h/d),期间无次声干预。每组于次声作用1,7,14,21及28d时各随机取出7只进行组织学准备,采用放射免疫法测定胃黏膜生长抑素(ss)、P物质(sP)含量。结果①8Hz-90dB次声作用14d和21d后,胃黏膜SS含量较对照组显著升高(P〈0.05);作用1d、7d及28d时与对照组比较,差异则无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。8Hz—130dB次声作用7d、14d、21d及28d后胃黏膜SS含量均明显高于对照组(P〈0.01),其中以第14天时最为显著;作用1d时与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。16Hz—130dB次声作用1d、7d及14d后胃黏膜SS含量较对照组明显升高(P〈0.05或0.01),其中以第7天时最为显著;作用2ld及28d时与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。8Hz-130dB次声作用7d、14d及21d后胃黏膜SS含量明显高于8Hz-90dB组(P〈0.05或0.01),作用14d、21d及28d后显著高于16Hz-130dB组(P〈0.05或0.01)。②8Hz,90dB和16Hz,130dB次声作用1d、7d、14d、21d及28d后胃黏膜SP含量与对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。8Hz-130dB次声作用14d和21d后胃黏膜SP含量明显高于对照组(P〈0.05);作用1d,7d及28d后与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。8Hz,130dB次声作用1d、7d、14d、21d及28d后胃黏膜SP含量与8Hz,90dB和16Hz,130dB组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。结论 ①次声作用可诱发实验大鼠胃黏膜SS、SP含量升高,其升高的幅度与次声作用的频率、强度及时间有关。②大鼠经次声作用多次后可产生一定的适应性。  相似文献   

3.
目的:研究不同强度及频率的次声作用对大鼠小肠粘膜酪酪肽(peptide YY,PYY)水平的影响。方法:140只雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组,8Hz-90dB组(8Hz1组),8Hz-130dB组(8Hz2组)及16Hz-130dB组(16Hz组)各35只,后3组大鼠按设计要求分别暴露于不同频率和强度的次声舱中,每天2h;对照组亦置于次声舱中2h,但不予次声作用。次声作用后第1、7、14、21及28天时各组随机取出7只,应用放射免疫方法测定小肠粘膜中PYY的含量。结果:次声作用第1天PYY水平各组间比较差异无显著性意义;第7天后与对照组比较其余3组则明显升高(P〈0.05);第14天与第7天比较升高更明显(P〈0.05);第21、28天时PYY水平有所下降。次声作用频率和强度增加,PYY水平升高越明显。结论:8Hz-90dB或8Hz130dB或16Hz-130dB次声作用均可引起大鼠小肠粘膜PYY水平升高,其影响程度与次声作用的强度、频率及作用时间有关,而经次声多次作用后大鼠可产生一定的适应性。  相似文献   

4.
目的研究不同强度和频率的次声作用对大鼠十二指肠黏膜生长抑素(SS)及胆囊收缩素(CCK)水平的影响。 方法将140只雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组、8 Hz-90 dB组、8 Hz-130 dB组及16 Hz-130 dB组,每组35只。各次声作用组大鼠按设计要求分别暴露于相应频率和强度的次声环境中,每天2 h;对照组大鼠于同一时间内亦置入次声舱中,每天2 h,但未给予次声作用。各组分别于次声作用后第1,7,14,21及28 天时各随机取出7只大鼠进行标本制备,应用放射免疫法测定十二指肠黏膜中SS、CCK的含量。 结果各次声作用组与对照组比较,次声作用第1天时各组SS、CCK水平均无明显变化(P&rt;0.05),作用第7,14,21及28天时均明显升高(P<0.05),其中以第14天时尤为显著,与第7,21及28天时比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);在第21及28天时,各组SS、CCK水平均有所下降,但仍显著高于对照组。除次声作用第1天外,8 Hz-130 dB组十二指肠黏膜SS、CCK含量在第7,14,21及28天时均明显高于8 Hz-90 dB组,16 Hz-130 dB组十二指肠黏膜SS、CCK含量在第7,14,21及28天时均明显高于8 Hz-130 dB组。 结论8 Hz-90 dB,8 Hz-130 dB或16 Hz-130 dB 次声作用均可引起大鼠十二指肠黏膜SS及CCK水平升高,其影响程度与次声作用强度、频率及作用时间等密切相关,大鼠经次声多次作用后可产生一定适应性。  相似文献   

5.
大鼠肾脏经90 dB或130 dB次声作用后其超微结构的改变   总被引:11,自引:12,他引:11       下载免费PDF全文
目的探讨大鼠肾脏组织经相同频率(8Hz),不同声压级水平(90dB及130dB)的次声作用后,其细胞超微结构损伤的特点及意义。方法将雄性SD大鼠78只,随机分为对照组(6只)、实验A组(次声声压级为90dB)及实验B组(次声声压级为130dB),实验A、B组又根据次声作用时间(1,7,14,21,28和35d)各分为6个亚组,每个亚组有6只大鼠。各组大鼠每天分别在相应声压级水平的8Hz次声环境中暴露1次,每次2h。各组动物待实验结束后处死,取其左、右侧肾组织用戊二醛及锇酸固定,置于透射电镜下观察其超微结构的变化。结果经130dB次声作用1d后,大鼠肾小管上皮细胞间隙略增宽,有轻度线粒体肿胀,而90dB次声作用相同时间后,未见大鼠肾小管上皮细胞超微结构发生明显损伤,仅见肾小球毛细血管充血;经130dB次声作用14d后,大鼠部分肾小管上皮细胞发生坏死、脱落等病理改变,90dB次声作用相同时间后,可见肾小管上皮细胞溶酶体增生;经130dB次声作用21d后,大鼠肾小管上皮细胞线粒体明显被破坏,管腔内可见红细胞,肾球囊基膜出现复层化,90dB次声作用相同时间后,肾小管上皮细胞间隙扩大,间质血管扩张、充血,肾小管受压扭曲;当90dB、130dB次声分别作用28d及35d时,此时大鼠肾脏损伤程度有逐渐减轻的趋势。结论次声对大鼠多次作用后,可导致其肾脏发生直接的、广泛的、无组织特异性的损伤;当次声作用28d或更长时间后,大鼠肾脏组织各种细胞对次声的损伤作用具有一定的适应性。  相似文献   

6.
次声作用后大鼠海马星形胶质细胞的变化   总被引:10,自引:5,他引:10  
袁华  龙华 《中国临床康复》2002,6(23):3500-3501
目的 研究8Hz,90dB和130dB次声作用后不同时间点,大鼠海马中胶质原纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)表达的变化。方法 Hz,90dB和130dB次声作用于大鼠,2h/d,分别作用于1,7,14,21,28d后采用免疫组织化学方法,观察大鼠海马星形胶质细胞GFAP表达的时程改变。结果 130dB组从作用1d开始大鼠海马中GFAP阳性星形胶质细胞数量开始增加,14d达到高潮,21d开始下降,但仍然维持较高水平90dB组大鼠各时间点GFAP反应均比130dB组弱。结论 8Hz,90dB和130dB次声作用可以激活海马大量星形胶质细胞,对神经元具有保护作用。  相似文献   

7.
次声对大鼠海马超微结构的影响   总被引:5,自引:3,他引:5  
目的 探讨8Hz,90dB及130dB次声对SD大鼠海马超微结构的影响。方法 60只雄性SD大鼠随机分为实验组和正常对照组。实验组大鼠分别暴露于8Hz、90dB或8Hz、130dg次声仓中1、7、14、21、28、35、42天,每天2h。实验结束后即刻麻醉取右侧海马固定后送电镜检查。结果 海马超微结构受次声作用1天即可发生改变,且损伤随作用时间延长逐渐加重,但后期又有所恢复;次声作用早期,在作用时间相同情况下,90dB较130dB致伤作用弱。结论 8Hz、90dB及8Hz、130dB次声可引起大鼠海马超微结构以变性为主的改变,损伤程度与时间呈非线性关系;大鼠海马对次声损伤存在一定的适应性。  相似文献   

8.
次声作用对大鼠海马细胞凋亡的影响及其作用规律   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2  
目的:探讨8Hz,130dB次声作用对海马细胞凋亡的影响。方法:将雄性SD大鼠48只随机分为6个组,即对照组、次声作用1,7,14,21,28d组,每组8只。采用急性细胞分离技术、荧光染色和流式细胞仪观察大鼠脑海马细胞凋亡率。结果:频率8Hz,声压级130dB次声分别作用2h/d后,次声暴露组与对照组比较,1d组和7d组未见海马细胞凋亡率增高(P&;gt;0.05),14d组海马细胞凋亡率显著升高(F=423.05,P&;lt;0.01),21d组凋亡细胞稍有回落,但仍显著高于对照组(F=423.05,P&;lt;0.01),至28d组与对照组差异无显著性意义(P&;gt;0.05)。结论:8Hz,130dB次声作用一定时间后可导致海马细胞凋亡数量显著增高;8Hz,130dB次声作用对大鼠海马细胞具有损伤效应。随作用时间延长,海马细胞对次声作用产生一定适应性。  相似文献   

9.
目的探讨8Hz、90dB/130dB不同声压级次声作用对海马细胞N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸受体1(NMDAR1)表达的影响。方法将雄性SD大鼠88只随机分为11组,即对照组,90dB次声作用1,7,14,21,28d组,130dB次声作用1,7,14,21,28d组,每组8只。应用免疫组织化学方法,分别观察8Hz、90dB/130dB次声作用不同时间点大鼠海马CA1、CA3和DG区细胞内NMDAR1表达。结果8Hz、90dB次声作用对海马各区NMDAR1表达的影响呈现下降→回升→显著增高→回落→恢复的变化规律;在所观察各组中.14d组海马各区NMDARl表达至峰值。8Hz、130dB次声作用对海马各区NMDAR1表达的影响与90dB次声作用效应相反,呈现升高→下降→显著下降→回升→恢复的变化规律;在所观察各组中,14d组海马各区NMDAR1表达降至最低点。结论8Hz、90dB/130dB次声作用后,大鼠海马细胞NMDAR1均有较为敏感的反应和可逆性变化。海马不同区域对不同声压级次声作用的敏感性具有一定差异性。这些变化可能影响海马学习记忆功能。  相似文献   

10.
次声作用后大鼠延髓星形胶质细胞和神经元反应的关系   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
目的 研究8Hz,90dB和130dB次声作用后不同时间点,大鼠延髓中星形胶质细胞和神经元的反应及其相互关系。方法 8Hz,90dB和130db次声作用于大鼠,2h/d,分别作用1、7、14、21、28天后采用免疫组织化学双标记方法,观察大鼠延髓中胶质源纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)和Fos蛋白表达的情况。结果 8Hz,130dB次声作用1d后大鼠延髓中开始出现GFAP阳性星形胶质细胞和Fos阳性神经元,分布相同,关系密切,并随作用次数增加而增多,14天后逐渐减少。90dB组大鼠各时间点GFAP反应均比130dB组弱。结论 8Hz,90dB和130dB次声作用可以同时激活延髓星形胶质细胞和神经元。  相似文献   

11.
Objective: To identify patterns of nonfatal and fatal penetrating trauma among children and adults in New Mexico using ED and medical examiner data.
Methods: The authors retrospectively sampled in 5-year intervals all victims of penetrating trauma who presented to either the state Level-1 trauma center or the state medical examiner from a 16-year period (1978–1993). Rates of nonfatal and fatal firearm and stabbing injury were compared for children and adults.
Results: Rates of nonfatal injury were similar (firearm, 34.3 per 100,000 person-years; stabbing, 35.1). However, rates of fatal injury were significantly different (firearm, 21.9; stabbing, 2.7; relative risk: 8.2; 95% confidence interval: 5.4, 12.5). From 1978 to 1993, nonfatal injury rates increased for children (p = 0.0043) and adults (p < 0.0001), while fatal penetrating injury remained constant. The increase in nonfatal injury in children resulted from increased firearm injury rates. In adults, both stabbing and firearm nonfatal injury rates increased.
Conclusions: Nonfatal injury data suggest that nonfatal violence has increased; fatal injury data suggest that violent death rates have remained constant. Injury patterns vary by age, mechanism of trauma, and data source. These results suggest that ED and medical examiner data differ and that both are needed to guide injury prevention programs.  相似文献   

12.
ABSTRACT

The Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews is published quarterly as a DVD and monthly online. The January 2011 issue (first quarterly DVD for 2011) contains 4515 complete reviews, 1985 protocols for reviews in production, and 13,521 one-page summaries of systematic reviews published in the general medical literature. In addition, there are citations of 641,000 randomized controlled trials, and 14,018 cited papers in the Cochrane methodology register. The health technology assessment database contains over 9300 citations. One hundred and seven new reviews have been published in the last 3 months, of which five have potential relevance for practitioners in pain and palliative medicine.  相似文献   

13.
14.
Ankle sprains are the most common injury of the musculoskeletal system and are associated with significant societal and economic impacts. It has been proven that classical therapeutic strategies may not be effective in preventing recurrent injuries: the recurrence rates reported in the literature can reach 73%. In order to provide an effective rehabilitation solution, a destabilizing orthosis was developed. This device is equipped with a mechanical articulator reproducing the subtalar mechanics and placed under the heel. In this paper, we present the main results of a preliminary clinical study conducted between 2004 and 2007. All subjects included in this study were treated with the abovementioned orthosis during 10 rehabilitation sessions of 30 minutes each. Data show a relatively low recurrence rate of 12% for the overall population. Moreover, it's of primary importance to note that this satisfactory ratio is largely reduced (3% of recurrence rate) for the 29 patients who performed one training session per month after the 10th initial rehabilitation sessions. Hence, the destabilizing orthosis appears to be an effective solution to prevent recurrent ankle sprains. However, joint protection requires long-term and regular training sessions. This result has motivated the development of a similar device allowing patients to perform training sessions at home. Finally, data obtained in this study are promising awaiting the final results of the comparative, multicentric and independent clinical trials currently managed by the Hospices Civils de Lyon.  相似文献   

15.
This article provides information and commentaries on trials which were presented at the Hotline and Clinical Trial Update Sessions at the European Society of Cardiology Congress 2007 in Vienna. The key presentations were performed by leading experts in the field with relevant positions in the trials or registries. It is important to note that unpublished reports should be considered as preliminary data, as the analysis may change in the final publications. The comprehensive summaries have been generated from the oral presentation and the webcasts of the European Society of Cardiology and should provide the readers with the most comprehensive information of relevant publications.  相似文献   

16.
Volunteers or paraprofessional counselors are commonly used to provide supportive care to the bereaved. These counselors generally are trained in basic listening skills, providing a generic, nonspecific approach to intervention that remains to be proven effective. The present paper outlines a framework that provides paraprofessionals with a broader model for intervention with the bereaved. Attention to boundaries as a helper and balance in the grief recovery are central to the model. Interventions are described that provide the paraprofessional counselor with more options for tailoring their counseling strategy to the individual. These include techniques that are presumed to be more specific to the enhancement of grief recovery.  相似文献   

17.
Details are given of a new, rapid and simple pre-fractionation method and an isocratic high performance liquid chromatography system suitable for parallel analysis of nucleosides and nucleobases from urine and other biological fluids. The quantitative recovery and excellent reproducibility of the method is demonstrated by analysis of representative standard RNA catabolites. The advantage of this new method for application to biological samples is discussed.  相似文献   

18.
We investigated the in vitro drug adsorption of PQ 10150 sodium silicate gel (AIS, Santa Clara, CA) with particle size of 230 um and surface area of 400 nr/g. We observed 99% to 88% adsorption of gentamicin; a mean 91 % of disopyramide; a mean 89% of quinidine at low concentration, falling to 75% at higher concentration. Insulin was 88% adsorbed at low concentrations but less so (65%) at higher concentrations. We observed a mean 83 % adsorption of procainamide, a mean 84% of N-acetyl procainamide, 74% oflidocaine, 73% of amitriptyline; and 44% of desipramine. We found an average 14% reduction of total digoxin concentration when serum containing digoxin (2 to 33 ng/mL) was exposed to sodium silicate, while the reduction in free digoxin concentration was 16%. Five percent ethosuximide was also removed. The adsorption of theophylline, phenobarbital, acetaminophen, phenytoin, ethylene glycol, methotrexate, salicylate, thiocyanate and diazepam was minimal and not significant. We conclude that significant amounts of charged, non-albumin bound drugs can be removed by PQ 10150 sodium silicate gel.  相似文献   

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目的 探讨自动化酸碱平衡图在急诊科社区获得性肺炎(CAP)患者诊断中的价值.方法 根据病史、肺功能测定结果、慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)诊断标准,将111例CAP患者分为单纯CAP组(56例)和COPD合并CAP组[即慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重(AECOPD)组,55例].询问患者病史后即刻抽取动脉血测血气并进行自动化酸碱平衡图分析.结果 血气分析结果显示,AECOPD组动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO2,kPa)、HCO3- (mmol/L)、剩余碱(BE,mmol/L)均显著高于CAP组(PaCO2:7.714±2.414比5.896±1.308,HCO3-:30.767±7.185比25.014±3.043,BE:4.345±5.371比-0.354±3.180,均P<0.01).自动化酸碱平衡图分析结果显示,AECOPD组患者酸碱平衡紊乱高达89.1%,CAP组为66.1%.将AECOPD组和CAP组患者中正常(10.9%、33.9%)、急性呼吸性酸中毒(急性呼酸,12.7%、14.3%)、慢性呼吸性酸中毒(慢性呼酸,49.1%、10.7%)、呼吸性碱中毒(呼碱,7.3%、14.3%)、代谢性酸中毒(代酸,12.7%、17.9%)、代谢性碱中毒(代碱,12.7%、8.9%)综合进行x2分析,差异有统计学意义(x2=24.421,P=0.001),而将正常、急性呼酸、呼碱、代酸及代碱进行x2分析,差异无统计学意义(x2=5.280,P=0.260),提示AECOPD患者慢性呼酸的发生率较单纯CAP患者显著增加.结论 自动化酸碱平衡图能帮助急诊科医师快速识别CAP患者是否存在多重酸碱平衡紊乱,并可快速识别急、慢性呼吸系统疾病.  相似文献   

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