ICU护士对患者早期活动的信念和态度现状调查

目的调查ICU护士对患者早期活动的信念和态度及其影响因素。方法采用自行设计的ICU护士对患者早期活动信念及态度调查表,对243名ICU护士进行调查。结果 ICU护士对早期活动的信念得分为(4.03±0.34)分,态度得分为(2.96±0.21)分;回归分析显示,学历、工作年限、具有实施早期活动的经验、定期接受早期活动相关培训是ICU护士对患者实施早期活动信念和态度的影响因素。结论 ICU护士对患者早期活动的认知有待提高,需要不断增强相关知识的培训教育,以促进其信念的转变,提高护士在早期活动中的主动性与积极性。     

ICU护士对患者早期活动的认知和行为调查与影响因素分析

目的探讨ICU护士对患者早期活动的认知、行为现状,分析其影响因素。方法 2018年12月选取我院ICU护士30名作为研究对象,采用基础信息调查表、早期活动认知行为调查问卷分析其对患者早期活动的认知、行为水平,采用多元线性回归分析其影响因素。结果 ICU护士对患者早期活动的认知评分为(11. 23±2. 76)分,行为评分为(18. 42±3. 24)分。多元线性回归显示,年龄、培训情况是影响早期活动认知的独立影响因素(P 0. 05);培训情况是影响早期活动行为的独立影响因素(P 0. 05)。结论 ICU护士对患者早期活动的认知存在一定局限性,管理者需对其加大培训力度,提高其对早期活动的认知,端正早期活动行为。     

护士对ICU谵妄知识、态度和行为的认知调查

[目的]了解护士对重症监护病房(ICU)谵妄的相关知识、态度和行为的认知情况。[方法]应用方便抽样法,应用自行设计的问卷对上海市两所三级综合医院的ICU注册护士进行调查。[结果]ICU注册护士知识得分(50.43±3.48)分,态度得分为(61.61±4.75分),行为得分为(44.76±2.77分);学历、职称及是否接受过相关内容培训是ICU护士对谵妄知识认知的影响因素(P<0.05)。[结论]管理者应认识到护士在早期发现ICU谵妄中的重要作用,对护士进行预防ICU谵妄的培训,将对ICU谵妄的预防措施纳入管理系统,以保证病人的安全,提高护理质量。     

儿科ICU护士参与患儿安全行为的调查研究

目的了解儿科ICU护士参与患儿安全的现状。方法采用自行设计的一般资料问卷和护士参与患者安全现状调查问卷对郑州市6所三级甲等医院306名儿科ICU护士进行问卷调查。结果 ICU护士参与患儿安全标准总分为(73.24±9.60)分,参与患儿安全行为标准分为(77.59±12.51)分,安全氛围标准分为(73.36±10.52)分,安全管理标准分为(68.75±10.47)分,均处于中等水平。不同工作年限、学历、职称、编制、月收入及婚姻状况ICU护士得分比较,差异具有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论儿科ICU护士参与患儿安全管理现状亟待改善,护理管理者应针对不同特点的护士采取相应的措施强化参与患儿安全的培训,确保患儿安全。     

重症监护室护士护理不良事件上报认知及态度影响因素分析

[目的]探讨重症监护室(ICU)护士护理不良事件上报认知及态度的影响因素,为护理不良事件的管理提供参考。[方法]应用不良事件报告认知与态度问卷对170名ICU护士进行调查。[结果]ICU护士护理不良事件上报制度认知及态度总分为108.29分±11.42分。5个维度得分由高到低依次为报告认知(4.59分±0.56分)、报告意愿(3.99分±0.71分)、科室文化(3.78分±0.53分)、管理期望(3.60分±0.77分)、惩罚环境(3.51分±0.95分)。不良事件经历与护龄是ICU护士不良事件报告认知及态度的影响因素(P0.05)。[结论]ICU护士护理不良事件上报制度认知及态度处于中等水平,有待于进一步提高。     

ICU护士对危重症患者口干症认知和行为意向的调查研究

目的了解ICU护士对危重症患者口干症知识及干预行为的现状,为ICU危重症患者口干症干预措施的开展提供参考.方法采用一般资料调查表和ICU护士对危重症患者口干症相关知识与行为意向调查问卷对176名ICU护士进行调查.结果ICU护士对危重症患者口干症相关知识总得分平均(9.62±2.76)分,得分指数53.3%;ICU护士对口干症患者干预行为意向平均得分指数67.1%.结论ICU护士对危重症患者口干症知识有待提高,行为一般,故应加强ICU护士对危重症患者口干症知识的学习,提高其认知,促进口干症干预措施在临床中的实施.     

ICU护士对开放性探视制度的信念和态度现状调查

目的:调查分析重症监护室(ICU)护士对待实行开放性探视制度的信念和态度及其影响因素。方法:采用修订的护士对开放性探视制度信念和态度调查问卷对方便抽样的杭州市3所三级甲等综合医院的245名ICU护士进行调查。结果:ICU护士对开放性探视制度的信念条目均分为(2.57±0.61)分,态度条目均分为(1.95±0.39)分,信念与态度之间无相关性(r=0.135,P=0.064),学历、工作年限和是否有探视经历进入多元回归模型,共解释ICU护士对开放性探视制度信念和态度总变异的31.6%(P0.001)。结论 :ICU护士对开放性探视制度的认知情况还有待于提高,学历、工作年限和是否有探视经历是ICU护士对开放性探视制度信念和态度的影响因素。     

儿科危重症护士核心能力现状的多中心横断面调查研究

目的 了解我国儿科危重症护士核心能力现状，为儿科危重症护士核心能力培养方案的修订提供参考依据。方法 2022年1-3月，采用便利抽样法在我国东北、华北、华东、华南、华中、西北、西南7大行政区域抽取863名儿科危重症护士为研究对象，采用自行设计的儿科危重症护士核心能力调查问卷对其进行调查。结果 儿科危重症护士核心能力总分为(285.21±34.97)分，得分最高的维度是评判性思维能力[(4.16±0.72)分],得分最低的维度是管理能力[(3.17±0.99)分]。多元线性回归分析结果显示，工作年限、岗位类型、是否获得危重症专科护士证书是儿科危重症护士核心能力的主要影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论 我国儿科危重症护士核心能力有待提高；护理管理者应采取有效策略，全面提升儿科危重症护士核心能力整体水平。     

ICU护士非计划拔管认知、行为情况及其影响因素调查

目的探讨危重症监护病房(ICU)护士非计划拔管认知、行为情况及影响因素。方法 2016年6月—2018年6月采用便利抽样法选取5家医院ICU护士125名进行非计划拔管认知调查,并分析ICU护士非计划拔管认知及行为的影响因素。结果 125名ICU护士非计划拔管认知评分为(15.12±4.36)分、行为评分为(16.25±2.85)分,不同学历、工作年限、职称及培训频次的护士在非计划拔管认知评分方面存在统计学差异(P0.05)。Logistic多因素回归分析结果显示:ICU护士学历、工作年限、培训频次是影响其非计划拔管认知及行为的独立危险因素。结论 ICU护士非计划拔管认知及行为水平偏低,医院管理者应加强ICU护士非计划拔管认知培训,提高护士非计划拔管风险防范意识,规范护士导管管理行为,以降低ICU患者非计划拔管发生率。     

重症监护室护士关于患者早期活动知识和态度的调查研究

目的 了解ICU护士关于ICU患者早期活动的知识、态度和感知情况.方法 采用横断面研究方法.2020年1-8月,应用ICU护士对患者早期活动知识、态度和感知的调查问卷对11所医院的ICU护士进行问卷调查.结果 512名符合入选标准的ICU护士完成了问卷调查.其中,护士关于ICU患者早期活动知识的得分为(6.89±2.9...     

The Hereditary Syndrome of Thrombocytopathia, Bleeding Tendency, Extreme Miosis, Muscular Fatigue, Asplenia, Headache, etc

SYNOPSIS
A new, autosomal dominantly inherited syndrome with a bleeding disorder was described in 1985 by Stormorken and his co-workers.1,2 In this multifaceted syndrome, there were the following integral components: thrombocytopathia, extreme miosis with Argyll Robertson-like traits, muscular fatigue, a tendency to spasms, asplenia, ichthyosis, dyslexia, etc.
Headache with migraine traits was also present in the family in all 4 generations in which this syndrome had been observed. Nasal and conjunctival bleeding were part of the headache picture in some of the individuals exhibiting the hemorrhagic syndrome. While the attack-related bleeding disturbances only involved family members who also suffered from the hemorrhagic syndrome, the headache per se may seem to behave differently: The affected son's headache seems to have developed into a headache with tension headache traits, whereas the other, unaffected, son's headache has common migraine traits. The familial headache which in earlier generations clearly had migraine traits, therefore, may be inherited independently from the hemorrhagic disorder. In other words, a migraine or migraine-like headache is most probably not an obligatory integral part of this syndrome. The thrombocytopathia in this disorder comprises abnormal serotonin storage, uptake, and release (Stormorken and co-workers, to be published).
The admittedly somewhat farfetched possibility also exists that the headache, although being similar to migraine, differs essentially from it and may be an expression of the serotonin aberration.     

大麻素受体在成年大鼠脑组织中的分布特点

目的：研究大麻素CB1、CB2受体在成年大鼠脑组织的分布特点和规律,为进一步研究其功能打下基础。方法：用兔抗鼠CB1、CB2受体特异性抗体免疫组化染色,检测大鼠脑组织主要部位两种受体的表达分布情况。结果：CB1受体阳性细胞在脑组织有广泛大量的分布,大脑皮质、胼胝体、海马、基底核区及小脑浦肯野细胞层、脑桥等区域均有较明显表达。CB2受体阳性细胞的数量及分布部位与CB1受体表达基本一致,少数区域如胼胝体、小脑白质阳性细胞数相差较大,CB2受体明显多于CB1受体的表达。结论：大麻素CB1、CB2受体在成年大鼠脑组织均广泛分布,并在多数部位表达情况一致,少数部位存在表达程度差异,提示其在神经系统中参与了某些生理及病理作用。 关键词 CB1受体;CB2受体;大麻素;脑组织;大鼠     

Effect of 5-fluorouracil, mitoxantrone, methotrexate, and vincristine on the antibacterial activity of ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefotiam, piperacillin, and netilmicin

Using the checkerboard agar dilution technique, antibacterial activity and in vitro interactions of 4 antineoplastic agents and 5 antimicrobial drugs were examined against 56 strains of 7 bacterial species. 5-fluorouracil was found to inhibit all strains of Staphylococcus aureus and of Staphylococcus epidermidis at a concentration of 0.8 micrograms/ml or less. 84% of all gram-negative strains were inhibited synergistically when 5-fluorouracil was combined with beta-lactam antibiotics. Methotrexate and cefotiam were antagonistic in 42% of all combinations, especially when tested against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.     

品管圈在提高儿科住院患儿服药到口率中的应用

目的：探讨品管圈在儿科病房服药到口护理工作改进中的管理作用。方法：通过品管圈活动步骤,运用质量管理工具对儿科住院患儿服药不能到口的问题进行改进,并将改进前后状况进行比较讨论。结果：住院患儿服药到口率从42.5%提升到99.19%(P＜0.01)。结论：品管圈方法的应用提高了住院患儿服药到口率,提高了医护人员的团队精神,增强了护士的责任心,提升了护士的个人素质和自信心。     

Aluminum, iron, lead, cadmium, copper, zinc, chromium, magnesium, strontium, and calcium content in bone of end-stage renal failure patients.

BACKGROUND: Little is known about trace metal alterations in the bones of dialysis patients or whether particular types of renal osteodystrophy are associated with either increased or decreased skeletal concentrations of trace elements. Because these patients are at risk for alterations of trace elements as well as for morbidity from skeletal disorders, we measured trace elements in bone of patients with end-stage renal disease. METHODS: We analyzed bone biopsies of 100 end-stage renal failure patients enrolled in a hemodialysis program. The trace metal contents of bone biopsies with histological features of either osteomalacia, adynamic bone disease, mixed lesion, normal histology, or hyperparathyroidism were compared with each other and with the trace metal contents of bone of subjects with normal renal function. Trace metals were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. RESULTS: The concentrations of aluminum, chromium, and cadmium were increased in bone of end-stage renal failure patients. Comparing the trace metal/calcium ratio, significantly higher values were found for the bone chromium/calcium, aluminum/calcium, zinc/calcium, magnesium/calcium, and strontium/calcium ratios. Among types of renal osteodystrophy, increased bone aluminum, lead, and strontium concentrations and strontium/calcium and aluminum/calcium ratios were found in dialysis patients with osteomalacia vs the other types of renal osteodystrophy considered as one group. Moreover, the concentrations of several trace elements in bone were significantly correlated with each other. Bone aluminum was correlated with the time on dialysis, whereas bone iron, aluminum, magnesium, and strontium tended to be associated with patient age. Bone trace metal concentrations did not depend on vitamin D intake nor on the patients' gender. CONCLUSIONS: The concentration of several trace elements in bone of end-stage renal failure patients is disturbed, and some of the trace metals under study might share pathways of absorption, distribution, and accumulation. The clinical significance of the increased/decreased concentrations of several trace elements other than aluminum in bone of dialysis patients deserves further investigation.