基于Visual C#语言的DICOM标准医学图像的显示和实现

介绍DICOM 3.0医学图像文件的格胶虲#语言的特点,首次利用Visual C#语言对该标准的图像进行显示和适处理,能够直接读取DICOM格式原始图像数据,并可批量转换成BMP等格式进行处理,此项工作可为医学图像处理研究及相关医学图像软件开发奠定基础.     

Web PACS浏览工作站的构建

目的：作为B／S客户端的Web浏览器实现了Web PACS浏览工作站分布式的特点，但它却不支持DICOM格式，本文利用Java技术构建基于DICOM标准的web PACS浏览工作站，扩展了常用Web浏览器（以IE为主）对医学影像的处理功能。方法：首先根据DICOM3．0标准编写DICOM核心类以实现对DICOM文件的解析，在此基础上利用Java开发环境JDK1．6及Java开发工具Eclipse3．2优化Applet界面布局，在Applet中加载图像并实现图像及病人基本信息的显示，完成基本的图像处理功能．最后利用Java Plug-in技术将Applet加载至Web浏览器，从而实现了分布式Web PACS浏览工作站的构建。结果：本研究开发的具有DICOM图像浏览功能的Java Applet，用户界面友好，操作简便，能将每一台连网的PC机变成“浏览工作站”，能高效加载DICOM图像至Web浏览器，单幅、多幅、动态放映等显示模式间可灵活切换．实现了窗宽／窗位调整、图像平滑、锐化等基本图像处理操作。结论：DICOM图像浏览的Java Applet实现是构建Web PACS浏览工作站的关键．为医学影像的广域共享，远程影像教学和远程会诊提供了思路，将推动PACS工作模式进入新的纪元。     

基于ITK读写DICOM医学图像文件

目的 介绍使用ITK读取DICOM文件文件头信息、访问像素数据以及存储DICOM文件的使用方法,以促进ITK在国内医学图像处理领域的普及应用。方法 使用itk：：ImageFileReader类和itk：：GDCMImageIO类对DICOM文件的文件头进行解析。介绍了使用图像迭代器访问图像像素的方法,熟悉C编程的研究人员快速访问像素数据的方法,及使用itk：：ImageFileWriter类进行图像写操作的方法。结果 使用本文的方法能够获取DICOM医学图像文件头中的医疗信息,读取像素数据,并以DICOM格式存储医学图像信息。结论 即使对DICOM标准和图像格式没有深入的了解,使用ITK也能方便地读写DICOM医学图像文件。     

基于Web技术的医学图像发布系统

目的：应用Java技术开发一个基于Web技术的操作简易、通用性强的医学图像发布环境。方法：采用Web服务器来查询和提取存储在DICOM服务器中的医学图像，客户端使用嵌有JavaApplet小程序的Web浏览器来访问Web服务器，完成客户端对服务器端医学图像的提取，JavaApplet小程序利用Web浏览器实现其图像操作。结果：我们使用Java技术开发一个基于Web技术的医学图像发布环境，完成了客户机通过Intemet对服务器端医学图像的读取操作，实现了异地专家的在线交流。结论：与大多数传统的PACS相比．基于Web技术的PACS系统易于安装和维护，与运行平台无关，可以高效的显示、处理医学图像，容易和使用Web技术构建的PACS系统整合。设置适当的安全防范措施，用户可以在医院外部实现对该系统的访问。Intemet技术的简易性和可扩展性使得该系统与传统PACS系统相比有着更大的优越性。     

由DICOM医学图像文件获得设备无关位图的方法

目的:根据临床调查.DICOM3.0医学图像文件格式的解析及解决其显示问题是医学图像处理的基础,对医学影像技术的研究有重要意义.方法:首先针对DICOM3.0标准,系统分析了DICOM医学图像文件格式,主要阐述了文件信息头和数据元素的格式,提出了在Windows平台下利用线性调窗实现DICOM图像的DIB位图显示.结果:利用线性调窗成功实现了CT、MR图像的显示,同时针对默认状态下显示效果欠佳,采用手动调窗改善显示效果.结论:实验证明,该方法能较好地实现DICOM医学图像的显示,满足一定的临床需求,同时也为后续工作奠定基础.     

基于OK图像采集卡和VTK的医学图像处理系统

目的针对当前医学图像处理的需要,在VTK类库提供的可视化与显示功能的基础上,用VC＋＋2008设计和实现一个可集成于OK图像采集卡的三维可视化系统。方法在VC＋＋2008平台下,结合可视化工具包VTK,对DICOM格式的CT图像序列进行面绘制和体绘制,通过设置虚拟切面的内点和法向量对重建后的三维物体进行切割并获得虚拟切片的信息,在切割的同时可以同步显示出虚拟切片图像。结果实验结果表明,该系统能有效地实现DICOM医学图像的体绘制和表面绘制,并且可以在任意方向切割、旋转、放大与平移三维图像。结论上述系统对增强OK图像采集卡的后处理功能具有重要作用,在理论研究和临床应用上有重要意义和研究价值。     

DICOM格式医学图像及其图像信息的显示

目的:DICOM(digital image andcommunicati on onmedicine)的普及不仅提供了高效率的图像存取和使用服务,也为医院中包括图像信息在内的综合医学信息管理奠定了基础。因此对DICOM格式图像显示的研究具有重要意义。方法:首先对DICOM医学图像文件的格式及数据编码规则进行了阐述,然后分四步具体介绍了图像及其信息的显示流程。结果:基于Windows平台,成功将DICOM图像及其信息显示出来。结论:实验证明,该方法能够较好地显示DICOM医学图像,同时也为后续工作奠定了基础。     

基于Windows平台的DICOM医学影像显示技术研究

DICOM3．0是PACS、HIS系统和远程医疗技术实现的关键所在，它规范了医学图像及各种数字信息在异构系统和设备之间存储、传送时的文件格式和语义描述。通过对标准DICOM3．0医学图像格式的分析，以Windows2000为平台，深入讨论了标准CT和MR医学图像在通用微机上的开窗显示技术，并在DICOM标准原有算法的基础上提出了一种改进的图像显示算法。     

DICOM医学图像采集的方法与实践

医学图像采集是PACS的重要环节,也是PACS实用化的关键。本文比较了几种常见的图像采集方法,重点介绍了通过DICOM接口的图像采集,在详细阐明了DICOM网络的概念和DICOM消息交换的规范之后,介绍了我们编写的DICOM医学图像采集软件,本软件是在Windows平台上利用SocketAPI编写而成,提供了DICOM标准定义的验证、存储、查询和检索等服务,测试结果表明,本软件能够顺利地与成像设备连接并采集图像。     

基于ITK、VTK的DICOM图像的显示及信息提取

DICOM文件不仅包含了图像本身的信息,同时还携带了大量的医疗相关信息.通过简要分析DI-COM文件的格式,分别介绍了基于VTK和ITK工具包提供的类和函数读取DICOM文件(包括图像的显示和信息的提取)的两种方法.采用这两种方法,不必对DICOM标准和图像格式进行深入的了解,即可获得DICOM文件头中的医疗信息并显示图像,实现方法简单易行.     

Extracting data from a DICOM file

DICOM v3.0 is a vendor-independent standard for digital medical images that describes a file format and network protocol for the exchange of images between computer systems. When simply viewing a DICOM file, it is not necessary for the user to understand the details of the entire DICOM standard. However, understanding parts of the standard is essential when DICOM files are read and processed by a user-generated program. This paper offers an overview of information a user needs to write a program for extracting the image and acquisition parameters from a DICOM file.     

基于ITK、VTK和MFC的DICOM图像读写及显示

背景：DICOM文件不仅包含了图像本身的信息,同时在文件头中还携带了大量的医疗相关信息,这使得DICOM标准图像的正确读写和显示工作变得尤为重要。 目的：有效地综合利用工具包和开发平台的优点,借以达到一个实现DICOM标准图像的正确读写和显示。 方法：首先将ITK工具包、VTK工具包与MFC深度集成,然后在该集成环境下利用这两个工具包所提供的类和函数读写和显示DICOM文件。 结果与结论：在ITK、VTK与MFC深度集成环境下,通过其所提供给用户的一个灵活、友好、实用的交互界面,采用文中所述具体的方法实现了DICOM图像文件的正确读写及显示,为三者集成环境下的软件开发做了一个初步的尝试,为在此基础之上三者在医学图像处理方面更多功能的实现打下良好的基础。     

The iPad Tablet Computer for Mobile On-Call Radiology Diagnosis? Auditing Discrepancy in CT and MRI Reporting

Tablet computers such as the iPad, which have a large format, improved graphic display resolution and a touch screen interface, may have an advantage compared to existing mobile devices such as smartphones and laptops for viewing radiological images. We assessed their potential for emergency radiology teleconsultation by reviewing multi-image CT and MRI studies on iPad tablet computers compared to Picture Archival and Communication Systems (PACS) workstations. Annonymised DICOM images of 79 CT and nine MRI studies comprising a range of common on-call conditions, reported on full-featured diagnostic PACS workstation by one Reporting Radiologist, were transferred from PACS to three iPad tablet computers running OsiriX HD v 2.02 DICOM software and viewed independently by three reviewing radiologists. Structured documentation was made of major findings (primary diagnosis or other clinically important findings), minor findings (incidental findings), and user feedback. Two hundred and sixty four readings (88 studies read by three reviewing radiologists) were compared, with 3.4 % (nine of 264) major discrepancies and 5.6 % (15 of 264) minor discrepancies. All reviewing radiologists reported favorable user experience but noted issues with software stability and limitations of image manipulation tools. Our results suggest that emergency conditions commonly encountered on CT and MRI can be diagnosed using tablet computers with good agreement with dedicated PACS workstations. Shortcomings in software and application design should be addressed if the potential of tablet computers for mobile teleradiology is to be fully realized.     

Internet Image Viewer (iiV)

Background

Visualizing 3-dimensional (3-D) datasets is an important part of modern neuroimaging research. Many tools address this problem; however, they often fail to address specific needs and flexibility, such as the ability to work with different data formats, to control how and what data are displayed, to interact with values, and to undo mistakes.

Results

iiV, an interactive software program for displaying 3-D brain images, is described. This tool was programmed to solve basic problems in 3-D data visualization. It is written in Java so it is extensible, is platform independent, and can display images within web pages. iiV displays 3-D images as 2-dimensional (2-D) slices with each slice being an independent object with independent features such as location, zoom, colors, labels, etc. Feature manipulation becomes easier by having a full set of editing capabilities including the following: undo or redo changes; drag, copy, delete and paste objects; and save objects with their features to a file for future editing. It can read multiple standard positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) file formats like ECAT, ECAT7, ANALYZE, NIfTI-1 and DICOM. We present sample applications to illustrate some of the features and capabilities.

Conclusion

iiV is an image display tool with many useful features. It is highly extensible, platform independent, and web-compatible. This report summarizes its features and applications, while illustrating iiV's usefulness to the biomedical imaging community.     

MRI的DICOM图像方位算法的研究

目的:由DICOM图像首行和首列的方向余弦矢量,计算出图像的方位信息。方法:首行首列的方向余弦做叉积运算,得到图像平面的法线方向余弦,进一步分析出来图像的方位信息。结果:建立VC++项目,读取DICOM图像方位余弦数据元素,定性分析图像在三维坐标系中的图像方位信息。结论:编程实现了DICOM医学图像方位计算,对医学影像诊断和三维重建旋转中的方向定位具有重要的意义。     

The department of veterans affairs integration of imaging into the healthcare enterprise using the VistA hospital information system and Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine

The United States Department of Veterans Affairs is integrating imaging into the healthcare enterprise by using the Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine (DICOM) standard protocols. Image management is directly integrated into the VistA Hospital Information System (HIS) software and clinical database. Radiology images are acquired with DICOM and are stored directly in the HIS database. Images can be displayed on low-cost clinician’s workstations throughout the medical center. High-resolution diagnostic quality multimonitor VistA workstations with specialized viewing software can be used for reading radiology images. Two approaches are used to acquire and handle images within the radiology department. Some sites have a commercial Picture Archiving and Communications System (PACS) interfaced to the VistA HIS, whereas other sites use the direct image acquisition and integrated diagnostic display capabilities of VistA itself. A small set of DICOM services has been implemented by VistA to allow patient and study text data to be transmitted to image producing modalities and the commercial PACS, and to enable images and study data to be transferred back. DICOM has been the cornerstone in the ability to integrate imaging functionality into the healthcare enterprise. Because of its openness, it allows the integration of system components from commercial and noncommercial sources to work together to provide functional cost-effective solutions.     

PACS Viewer Based on Java Applet in B／S Architecture

PACS can be applied in the network architecture of Client/Server (C/S) and Browser/Server (B/S) in current application of hospital information system. PACS Viewer of B/S model is realized by means of the browser commonly, but web browser does not support DICOM standard. In this article, how to use Java Applet to realize the display and operations of DICOM images will be discussed. The lightweight method to view DICOM images is very fit for telemedical treatment, and the situations not require strong ability in image operations。