急性期川崎病Th17细胞变化初探

目的 探讨Th17细胞在川崎病(Kawasaki disease,KD)免疫发病机制中的作用.方法 急性期KD患儿60例,正常同年龄对照组32例,KD患儿分别于静脉丙种球蛋白(IVIG)治疗前后直接取血备检.采用荧光定量PCR(real-time PCR)检测CD4+T细胞IL-17A/F、转录因子ROR-γt、Foxp3及PBMC IL-6、TGF-β、IL-23p19、IL-27p28、IL-27EBI3、IFN-γ等mRNA表达;酶联免疫吸附试验检测血浆中IL-6、TGF-β、IL-23、IL-27、IFN-γ的蛋白浓度;流式细胞术检测外周血CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞(Tr)的比例.结果 急性期KD患儿CD4+T细胞高表达IL-17A及IL-17F(P<0.01),IVIG治疗后明显降低(P<0.01);急性期KD患儿IL-17A/IL-17F与红细胞沉降率(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞数目(WBC)呈正相关(IL-17A:0.70,0.85,0.80,P<0.01;IL-17F:0.63,0.65,0.69,P<0.01);急性期KD患儿Th17细胞转录因子ROR-γt及前炎症细胞因子IL-6转录水平明显高于对照组(P<0.01),IVIG治疗后显著降低(P<0.01);TGF-β、IL-23p19、IL-27p28、IL-27EBI3 mRNA水平及血浆蛋白浓度与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);血浆IFN-γ浓度显著升高,mRNA水平无变化;急性期KD患儿CD4+ CD25+ Tr细胞比例明显低于正常对照组(P<0.01),其转录因子Foxp3表达亦明显降低(P<0.01).结论 急性期KD患儿Th17细胞过度活化可能参与了KD免疫发病机制.     

KD 患儿Th17 / Treg 细胞失衡和单核细胞趋化蛋白1 的关系研究

目的:探讨川崎病(KD)患儿外周血CD4+ CD25+调节T 细胞(Treg) / 辅助性T 细胞17(Th17)与单核细胞趋化蛋白1(MCP-1)的关系及其在KD 发病中的作用机制。方法:2014 年6 月至2015 年6 月选取本院收治的48 例KD 患儿(恢复期28 例,急性期20 例)为研究对象,另选取40 例健康体检儿童为对照组,采用ELISA 法测定两组血清中白细胞介素-15,17,23(IL-15,17,23)及MCP-1 水平,采用流式细胞术测定两组外周血Treg/ Th17 细胞比例。结果:KD 组患儿血清IL-15、IL-17、IL-23 及MCP-1 水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且急性期KD 患儿血清IL-15、IL-17、IL-23 及MCP-1 水平高于稳定期组。KD 组患儿Treg 细胞、Treg/ Th17、Th17 显著高于对照组(P<0.05),急性期KD 患儿Treg 细胞、Treg/ Th17 水平、Th17 高于稳定期(P<0.05)。经Pearson 单因素分析,IL-15、IL-17、IL-23 及MCP-1 与Treg/ Th17 呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论:Treg 与Th17 细胞间的失衡及MCP-1 水平在KD 患儿体内持续升高可能与KD 病情发病及进展有密切的关系,通过测定KD 患儿Treg/ Th17 细胞比例及MCP-1 对评估患儿病情及预后具有一定的指导意义。     

调节性T细胞平衡相关因子在儿童紫癜性肾炎中的表达及其与血清中期因子的相关性

目的探讨调节性T细胞平衡相关因子在儿童紫癜性肾炎(HSPN)中的表达及其与血清中期因子(MK)的相关性。方法抽取本院2015年1月至2017年12月收治的HSPN患者75例(急性期35例,缓解期40例),通过流式细胞仪测定调节性T细胞、Th17细胞比例,通过酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定血清白介素-6(IL-6)、白介素-17(IL-17)、转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)及MK水平,且经由逆转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)检测特异性转录因子叉状头转录因子(Foxp3)、维甲酸相关孤核受体转录因子(RORγt)mRNA表达,另Pearson相关性分析血清MK与相关指标的关系。结果与对照组比较,观察组急性期、缓解期患儿调节性T细胞比例、Foxp3 m RNA表达均显著低,Th17细胞比例、血清IL-6、IL-17、TGF-β1、MK水平、RORγt mRNA表达均显著高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组急性期患儿调节性T细胞比例显著低于缓解期患儿,而Th17细胞比例、血清IL-6、IL-17、TGF-β1、MK水平均显著高于缓解期患儿(P<0.05);观察组患儿血清MK水平与L-6、IL-17、TGF-β1均显著正相关(P<0.05),而与Foxp3、RORγt mRNA表达不相关(P>0.05)。结论 HSPN患儿调节性T细胞降低,Th17细胞及其相关因子、MK水平上升,血清MK与IL-6、IL-17相关,而与Foxp3、RORγt不相关;MK水平上升、Th17细胞与调节性T细胞失衡可能共同参与HSPN发病过程。     

胃癌患者外周血单个核细胞RORγt和IL-17 mRNA水平的检测及临床意义

目的 检测胃癌患者外周血中单个核细胞(PBMC)中转录因子RORγt和细胞因子IL-17的表达水平及血浆IL-17的表达,探讨Th17细胞特异性RORγt及IL-17的变化在胃癌临床监测中的意义.方法 收集43例胃癌患者外周血标本,40例健康志愿者标本;实时荧光定量PCR(QRT-PCR)检测患者PBMC中RORγt和IL-17 mRNA的表达水平;酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血浆IL-17的表达;采用直线相关检验方法对健康人群和胃癌患者转录因子RORγt和IL-17表达水平进行相关性分析.结果 胃癌患者外周血PBMC的RORγt、IL-17 mRNA表达水平均明显高于健康对照组(P＜0.05),且二者呈现明显正相关(P＜0.01);胃癌转移组与未转移组相比,RORγt和IL-17 mRNA明显升高(P＜0.05),此外,血浆IL-17的表达也明显升高(P＜0.01).结论胃癌患者PBMC中RORγt和IL-17 mRNA表达水平及血浆IL-17明显升高,提示Th17细胞与胃癌的发生发展可能存在着一定的关系.     

川崎病患者CD4~+T细胞中血清和糖皮质激素诱导的激酶1(SGK1)表达上调且与RORC及IL-17A正相关

目的检测血清和糖皮质激素诱导的激酶1(SGK1)在川崎病(KD)患者CD4~+T细胞中的表达,探讨SGK1与维甲酸相关孤儿核受体C(RORC)及白细胞介素17A的相关性。方法收集KD患者30例,正常同年龄对照30例,同年龄感染性疾病(ID)患者25例。利用流式细胞术检测Th17细胞占CD4~+T细胞的比例;实时定量PCR检测CD4~+T细胞中SGK1和RORC mRNA的表达;ELISA检测血清IL-17A和IL-6水平。结果与健康儿童和ID患者相比,KD患者中Th17细胞比例明显升高。与ID患者和健康儿童相比,KD患者血清中IL-17A和IL-6水平明显升高,SGK1和RORC mRNA水平升高。SGK1在KD冠状动脉损害(CAL)组的表达高于冠状动脉正常(CAN)组。静脉内注射免疫球蛋白(IVIG)治疗后,SGK1的表达明显下降;其中,CAL组下降高于CAN组。KD患者中,SGK1 mRNA的表达与RORC及血清IL-17A水平呈正相关,而与血清IL-6水平不相关。结论 KD患者CD4~+T细胞中SGK1 mRNA表达升高,与RORC和IL-17A正相关。     

茯苓多糖对系统性红斑狼疮患者Th17/Treg平衡的影响

目的:研究茯苓多糖对系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者外周血辅助性T细胞17(Th17)/调节性T细胞(Treg)平衡的免疫调节作用。方法:选取45例SLE患者和35例健康对照者,应用磁珠分选法分离外周血CD4~+ T细胞,流式细胞术检测CD4~+ T细胞中Th17和Treg细胞的比例。用茯苓多糖分别处理健康对照者及患者的CD4~+ T细胞,MTT法检测细胞活力以测定茯苓多糖毒性,ELISA检测细胞中白细胞介素17(IL-17)、IL-6、IL-10及转化生长因子β(TGF-β)的含量,RT-q PCR和Western blot法分别测定维甲酸相关孤儿受体γt(RORγt)与叉头框蛋白P3(Foxp3)的mRNA和蛋白表达水平。结果:与健康对照组相比,SLE患者的Th17细胞比例显著升高,Treg细胞比例明显降低(P0.05)。用100μg/L的茯苓多糖处理SLE患者CD4~+ T细胞,与空白对照组相比,IL-17和IL-6的含量显著降低,IL-10和TGF-β的含量明显上升(P0.05);RORγt的mRNA和蛋白表达显著下降,同时Foxp3的表达在mRNA和蛋白水平上明显增加(P0.05);并且Th17/Treg的比值降低(P0.05)。结论:茯苓多糖可以通过升高Treg并降低Th17细胞的比例,对SLE起到一定的治疗作用。     

梅毒血清固定患者外周血Th17细胞的检测

目的检测梅毒血清固定患者外周血Th17细胞的细胞比例和相关细胞因子的变化,初步探讨Th17细胞在梅毒血清固定现象中的作用。方法梅毒血清固定患者30例,同时以30例健康体检人作为对照组。采用流式细胞术(Flow cytometry, FCM)检测外周血单个核细胞(peripheral blood mononuclear cel s, PBMC)中Th17细胞在CD4+T细胞中的比例;采用实时定量PCR方法检测Th17细胞特异性转录因子孤独受体γt（orphan nuclear receptor gammat , RORγt）及细胞因子IL-17mRNA的表达。结果梅毒血清固定患者外周血Th17细胞比例及RORγt和IL-17的表达量显著低于健康对照组（P<0.05）。结论 Th17细胞的异常可能是梅毒血清固定现象形成的重要原因之一。     

急性期川崎病信号转导和转录激活因子3的表达及意义

目的:探讨急性期川崎病IL-6介导信号转导和转录激活因子3的表达及意义。方法:急性期川崎病(KD)患儿64例,感染发热患儿18例,正常同年龄对照42例。采用Western blot检测外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)IL-6刺激前后总蛋白,核蛋白STAT3,pSTAT3的表达水平。荧光定量PCR检测PBMCs IL-6刺激前后及IL-6R抗体阻断后STAT3 mRNA的表达水平。结果:急性期KD患儿PBMCs用IL-6刺激前、后总蛋白STAT3,pSTAT3表达水平高于正常儿童;核蛋白则为IL-6刺激前KD患儿STAT3,pSTAT3表达与正常儿童无明显差异,IL-6刺激后KD患儿STAT3,pSTAT3表达明显高于正常儿童。IL-6刺激前、后KD患儿STAT3 mRNA水平(1.15±0.19,1.74±0.59)均高于感染发热患儿(1.07±0.21,1.45±0.32)及正常儿童(0.56±0.37,1.03±0.51);KD冠脉损伤组(1.19±0.21,1.81±0.47)STAT3 mRNA高于冠脉未损伤组(1.13±0.29,1.73±0.48)。经IL-6R抗体阻断后,KD患儿STAT3 mRNA水平低于IL-6刺激前、后KD患儿及感染发热组(0.99±0.15)。结论:急性期KD患儿体内存在刺激STAT3表达和活化的因素,体外IL-6刺激能增强STAT3的表达和活化并进入细胞核;阻断实验提示IL-6在KD患儿STAT3过度表达、活化中起主导作用,本研究为用IL-6R阻断剂治疗川崎病提供了实验证据。     

低氧促进Th17细胞浸润于肺组织并与肺血管改建相关

目的:观察低压低氧时肺组织中维甲酸相关孤儿受体(ROR)γt的mRNA表达水平及白细胞介素17(IL-17)水平的变化,探讨Th17细胞与缺氧肺血管改建的关系。方法:50只雄性BALB/c小鼠按低氧时间随机分为0 d、3 d、7 d、14 d和28 d组,每组10只。低压低氧组小鼠均置入模拟海拔6 000 m的低压舱内饲养3 d、7 d、14 d和28 d。常氧组置常压常氧环境下饲养(即0 d组)。于相应时点通过心导管检测右室收缩压,随后快速处死取材,测量右心室重量指数,用流式细胞术检测脾脏组织Th17细胞(CD4+IL-17+RORγt+)的比例,用ELISA法检测血清中IL-4、IL-6、IL-17水平及肺组织中IL-17水平,采用real-time PCR法检测肺组织RORγt的mRNA表达水平。结果:与对照组(0 d组)相比,低压低氧7 d、14 d和28 d组小鼠右心室收缩压力、右心肥厚指数和血清IL-17含量均升高,其差异有统计学意义(P0.05);脾脏组织中IL-17+RORγt+CD4+T细胞的百分比随缺氧时间延长呈上升趋势,14 d和28 d组与对照组相比差异显著(P0.01);7 d、14 d和28 d组肺组织中RORγt的mRNA表达与对照组相比显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05或P0.01);14 d和28 d组肺组织中IL-17水平与对照组相比显著升高(P0.01)。肺组织中RORγt的mRNA表达水平、IL-17表达量与心室收缩压、右室肥厚指数呈显著正相关。结论:低压低氧促进脾脏T0细胞向Th17细胞分化,肺组织中RORγt的mRNA表达水平及IL-17水平显著升高,提示Th17细胞可能参与缺氧性肺动脉高压及肺血管改建的发生。     

高血压合并颈动脉粥样硬化患者外周血效应性T细胞亚群的变化及意义

目的:探讨高血压合并颈动脉粥样硬化患者外周血效应性T细胞各亚群Th1、Th2和Th17细胞活性的变化。方法:行颈动脉超声检查选择20例高血压合并颈动脉粥样硬化患者(CA组),颈动脉正常的25例高血压患者(EH组)以及20例性别、年龄匹配的健康体检者作为对照组(Control组)。清晨空腹抽血。以流式细胞术检测外周血中Th1、Th2和Th17细胞比例,实时定量RT-PCR方法检测T-bet、GATA3和RORγt mRNA,ELISA法检测血浆中IFN-γ、IL-4和IL-17水平。结果:与EH组和Control组相比较,CA组Th1、Th17细胞比例显著升高,T-bet和RORγt mRNA表达增加,血浆IFN-γ和IL-17水平显著升高。与Control组相比较,EH组Th1、Th17细胞比例、T-bet和RORγt mRNA、血浆IFN-γ和IL-17水平均无统计学差异。三组间Th2细胞比例、GATA3 mRNA和血浆IL-4水平均无统计学差异。结论:高血压病患者的Th1、Th17细胞活性升高,这种改变可能与颈动脉粥样硬化的发生发展有关。     

Topical organization of the projections of neurons of the substantia nigra and the ventral field of the tegmentum of the midbrain to the head of the caudate nucleus of the cat

Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology -     

Asymmetry of the internal connections of the striate cortex of the cat in the projection zone of the center of the field of vision

Studies were carried out on the organization of the internal connections of the striate cortex in cats in the projection zone of the center (0–5°) of the field of vision by microintophoretic application of horseradish peroxidase to electrophysiologically identified orientational columns. The area containing neurons showing retrograde labeling in most cases extended in the mediolateral direction. Labeled cells were located in the upper (II, III) and lower (V, VI) layers of the cortex, and the shapes and orientations of the areas containing labeled neurons in these layers coincided. Spatial asymmetry was detected in the distribution of labeled neurons relative to the orientational column studied. Labeled cells were located predominantly medial to the columns, regardless of the distance from the projection of the area centralis. Considering the visuotopical map of field 17, the asymmetry detected here provides evidence that neurons in orientational columns have more extensive connections with neurons of the peripheral part of the cortex. An asymmetrical distribution of “silent” zones around the receptive fields of neurons in orientational columns is suggested, and that these appear to receive influences from the periphery of the visual field. Laboratory of Visual Physiology and Laboratory of Central Nervous System Morphology, I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Makarov Bank, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia. Translated from Fiziologicheskii Zhurnal imeni I. M. Sechenova, Vol. 82, No. 12, pp. 23–29, December, 1996.     

Characteristics of the topographic interrelation of the head of the pancreas and the duodenum and pathology of the organs of the pancreatoduodenal area

Seventy pancreatoduodenal complexes of 55 patients with chronic pancreatitis and tumours of this zone and 15 patients died from other diseases are studies histotopographically . The pieces of the pancreatic head tissue in the medial wall of the duodenum were found in 12 cases of the first group and in 4 control cases. The pancreatic tissue consisted either of all elements of this organ or cystically dilated ducts and seemed to infiltrate different layers of the duodenum wall. Three variants of the pancreatic head structure are suggested on the basis of anatomo-topographical interrelationships of the pancreatic head and duodenum. In 12 out of 14 cases chronic pancreatitis and carcinoma of organs of this zone were combined with the variants of the pancreatic head structure, in 2 cases there was a true heterotopy . Pathogenetic significance of these variants for the development of chronic pancreatitis is discussed.     

Effect of the conditions of adaptation of the optic analyzer to the function of the thermoreceptors of the human skin

Summary A discussion is presented of the effect produced by light stimulation applied to the optic analyzer alone on the function of the temperature analyzer. The cutaneous-temperature analyzer was kept on constant illumination and temperature. The light effects from the retinal photoreceptors on the cutaneous thermoceptor system led to reflex changes of the functional rate of the latter. Conditions of the optic analyzer of light adaptation caused reflex adjustment of cold receptors as to heating. Dark adaptation of the eyes changed the functional state of the cold receptors, corresponding to their adjustment to low temperatures.(Presented by Active Member AMN SSSR V. V. Parin) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 57, No. 3, pp. 3–6, March, 1964     

Effects of the lesion of the postcommissural part of the septum on the behavior of the rat.

The effects of the lesion of the postcommissural part of the septum on behavior of the rat has been studied. Results may be summarized as follows. An increase in the exploratory behavior in the open field which decreases rapidly; a decrease in the number of defecations in this test and a decrease in time leaving a dark environment for exploration. In the shuttle box test, no facilitation of the acquisition, but a permanent and quite significant increase in the intertrial activity has been found. We conclude that the lesions tend to decrease the emotivity of the subjects. An interpretation on the basis of the species -- specific defensive reactions explains the transitory and permanent effects of the lesions on the spontaneous activity.     

Influence of the level of the transmembrane potential on the dynamics of the extinction of the amplitude of the synaptic reactions of the snail under voltage clamping conditions

The influence of the level of the transmembrane potential on the dynamics of the extinction of the amplitudes of summary excitatory postsynaptic currents arising in identified giant parietal neurons in response to rhythmic stimulation of the intestinal nerve was investigated in a preparation of the isolated CNS of the common snail in order to identify the possibility of the participation of the postsynaptic element in synaptic plasticity. It was demonstrated that, at a greater value of the transmembrane potential, the decrease in the amplitudes of the postsynaptic currents which have been induced by rhythmic stimulation takes place more rapidly. It was also demonstrated that at a higher frequency of stimulation of the nerve, the effect of the influence of the membrane potential level on the dynamics of the synaptic reactions is more prominent. The data obtained may be regarded as an argument in favor of the possibility of the participation of the post-synapse in plasticity. This study was partially supported by the Russian Basic Research Fund (project No. 94-04-12209). Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow. Translated from Zhurnal Vysshei Nervnoi Deyatel'nosti imeni I. P. Pavlova, Vol. 45, No. 1, pp. 171–179, January–February, 1995.