胆维他片对肝纤维化大鼠肝中抗氧化体系的影响

目的 探讨胆维他片对肝纤维化大鼠肝中抗氧化体系的影响。方法 选取30只大鼠按照随机数字表法分为肝纤维化模型组、胆维他片组和正常对照组,每组10只。除正常对照组外,其余各组均要求制备大鼠肝纤维化模型。正常对照组和肝纤维化模型组不给药,胆维他片组于造模开始给予灌胃给药,其余组给予蒸馏水灌胃,于第12周测定肝中丙二醛（MDA）、抗氧化体系的过氧化氢酶（CAT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）,同时采用Masson's染色肝组织胶原行纤维半定量评估纤维化的程度。结果 纤维化模型组和胆维他片组CAT、SOD、GSH低于正常对照组,MDA高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;胆维他片组CAT、SOD、GSH均高于纤维化模型组,MDA低于纤维化模型组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。纤维化模型组和胆维他片组肝纤维化分期高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;胆维他片组肝纤维化分期低于纤维化模型组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 胆维他片能有效降低肝纤维化肝内的脂质过氧化,促进肝内氧化及抗氧化体系的恢复,具有减轻肝纤维化的作用。     

左旋肉碱治疗肝硬化并显性肝性脑病的效果观察

目的 探讨左旋肉碱治疗肝硬化并显性肝性脑病患者的临床疗效。方法 选择2011年3月~2018年6月天津市宝坻区人民医院收治的84例肝硬化并发肝性脑病显性症状,且住院治疗＞1周的患者作为研究对象,随机分为左旋肉碱组和对照组,每组42例。对照组接受常规治疗,左旋肉碱组在常规治疗基础上联合应用左旋肉碱。比较治疗7 天时两组患者肝性脑病West-Haven分级、NCT-A时间、血氨情况,以及两组住院天数、随访6周时肝性脑病复发情况。结果 治疗7天时左旋肉碱组NCT-A时间为（52.31±17.92）s ,低于对照组的（61.32±18.24）s（P＜0.05）;空腹静脉血氨水平为（45.23±27.42）μmol/L,低于对照组的 （60.44±25.43）μmol/L（P＜0.05）;左旋肉碱组HE分级为（1.47±0.51）,与对照组的（1.43±0.54）比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。两组患者平均住院日［（8.32±3.60）d vs（9.12±5.81）d］及随访6周肝性脑病早期复发率（35.71% vs 28.57%）分别比较,差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 左旋肉碱虽能降低肝硬化并显性肝性脑病患者血氨水平、改善NCT-A时间,但不能改善肝性脑病严重程度分级、降低住院日及肝性脑病复发率,其在肝硬化并显性肝性脑病中的应用价值有待进一步证实。     

PRA、AT-Ⅱ和Ald在病毒性肝炎、肝硬化患者中的表达

目的:探讨肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统(RAAS)在肝脏疾病病程进展中的水平变化.方法:应用放射免疫分析对31例病毒性肝炎患者及35例肝硬化患者血浆肾素活性(PRA)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(AT-Ⅱ)及醛固酮(Ald)含量进行检测,并与38例健康成年人比较.结果:病毒性肝炎患者的PRA、AT-Ⅱ高于健康对照组(P＜0.01),Ald水平稍高于健康对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).而肝硬化患者PRA、AT-Ⅱ及Ald三者的水平明显高于健康对照组及病毒性肝炎组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论:随着病毒性肝炎、肝硬化病人病情的进展RAAS被激活,而RAAS参与了肝纤维化的病理过程.     

肝炎患者血清透明质酸、Ⅲ型前胶原氨基端尾肽、层粘蛋白与Ⅳ型胶原的检测及其临床意义

分析了166例肝病患者血清透明质酸（HA）、Ⅲ型前胶原氨基端尾肽（PⅢNP）、层粘蛋白（Ln）与Ⅳ型胶原（Ⅳ－C）。结果是：HA、PⅢNP、Ln在各型肝病人中血清含量均高于正常组（P＜0．01），IV－C在除急性肝炎组外的其余各组血清含量均高于正常组（P＜0．05）。而HA、PⅢNP、Ⅳ－C的含量，慢活肝、肝硬化组的病人高于慢迁肝组的病人（P＜0．01）。肝硬化组病人Ln高于慢迁肝组病人（P＜0．05）。HA、PⅢNP、Ⅳ-C、Ln与SB、ALB有相关性，而与ALT无关，慢活肝组病人PⅢNP平均值高于肝硬化组的病人。提示这些肝硬化指标在反映肝纤维化程度上有实用意义，似乎PⅢNP更能功态反映肝纤维化的程度。但这些肝纤维化指标在不同程度上受肝细胞损害的影响。     

多排螺旋CT诊断肝血管瘤及肝脏肿瘤的临床价值分析

目的 分析多排螺旋CT诊断肝血管瘤及肝脏肿瘤的临床价值。方法 选取2015年11月~2017年12月我院收治的肝血管瘤及肝脏肿瘤患者96例,根据疾病种类分为PHC组、ML组和LH组,每组32例。对所有患者的肝脏采用灌注CT型诊断监测,对比三组占位性病灶实质位置、周围实质位置以及健康肝脏实质位置灌注参数（HBF、HBV、MTT、PS、HAF）。结果 ①占位性病灶实质位置:PHC组的HBF和HAF均大于其他两组（P＜0.05）,PHC组和LH组的HBV均大于ML组（P＜0.05）,PHC组MTT小于其他两组（P＜0.05）;三组PS比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。②占位性病灶周围实质位置:HC组和ML组的HBF大于LH组,PHC组和ML组的HAF小于LH组,P＜0.05;ML组的PS大于其他两组（P＜0.05）;三组HBV和MTT比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。③健康肝脏实质位置:PHC组MTT小于其他两组（P＜0.05）;PHC组HAF大于其他两组（P＜0.05）;三组HBV、PS、HBF比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 采用CT灌注成像获得的参数能够很好地对LH与肝脏肿瘤进行监测与诊断     

急、慢性乙型肝炎及乙肝肝硬化患者 肝功能及血脂水平分析

目的 分析急、慢性乙型肝炎、乙肝肝硬化患者血脂水平及患者血脂水平的变化情况。方法 选择2015年1月~2018年12月我院收治的急性乙型肝炎患者40例作为急性乙型肝炎组,慢性乙型肝炎患者44例作为慢性乙型肝炎组、乙肝肝硬化患者35例作为乙肝肝硬化组,采用回顾性调查方法比较急、慢性乙型肝炎及乙肝肝硬化患者肝功能及血脂水平。结果 急性乙型肝炎组与慢性乙型肝炎组在ALT、AST、TBIL、DBIL比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;急性乙型肝炎组与乙肝肝硬化组在ALT、AST、ALB、TBIL、DBIL、PT、PTA、INR比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;慢性乙型肝炎组与乙肝肝硬化组在ALT、AST、ALB、PT、PTA、INR比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。急性乙型肝炎组TG高于慢性乙型肝炎组与乙肝肝硬化组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;慢性乙型肝炎组CHO水平高于急性乙型肝炎组与乙肝肝硬化组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;急性乙型肝炎组、慢性乙型肝炎组、乙肝肝硬化组在HDL-C、LDL-C间比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 急、慢性乙型肝炎及乙肝肝硬化患者血脂水平逐渐降低,以TG下降为主,与肝功能损伤有关,是评估乙型肝炎病程进展的一个重要指标。     

利拉鲁肽联合胰岛素泵对2 型糖尿病合并肝硬化患者血糖代谢及肝纤维化的影响

目的 观察利拉鲁肽联合胰岛素泵强化治疗对2型糖尿病合并肝硬化患者血糖代谢及肝纤维化的影响。方法 选择2017年1月~2018年6月山东医学高等专科学校附属医院收治的2型糖尿病合并肝硬化患者80例按随机数字表法分为对照组和实验组,每组40例。对照组给予单纯胰岛素泵控制血糖,实验组给予利拉鲁肽联合胰岛素泵强化治疗。观察两组患者治疗前后血清c肽、糖化血红蛋白、胰岛素敏感性指数、肝纤维化指标层黏连蛋白、透明质酸、Ⅲ型前胶原、Ⅳ型胶原变化。结果 治疗后,两组患者血清c肽水平、胰岛素敏感性指数均较治疗前升高,糖化血红蛋白较治疗前降低,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,实验组血清c肽水平、胰岛素敏感性指数较对照组高,糖化血红蛋白较对照组低,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。治疗后,两组患者肝纤维化指标层黏连蛋白、透明质酸、Ⅲ型前胶原、Ⅳ型胶原均较治疗前降低,实验组肝纤维化指标层黏连蛋白、透明质酸、Ⅲ型前胶原、Ⅳ型胶原均较对照组低,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 2型糖尿病合并肝硬化患者治疗中,利拉鲁肽联合胰岛素泵强化治疗可以更加有效的控制血糖,改善胰岛素抵抗,降低肝脏纤维化水平,进而改善肝脏微环境,降低肝脏应激反应,促进肝脏纤维化的缓解。     

恩替卡韦联合微生态制剂对乙肝肝硬化患者肝功能及预后的影响

目的 分析恩替卡韦联合微生态制剂对乙肝肝硬化患者肝功能及预后的影响。方法 选取2018年5月~2019年5月在我院治疗的乙肝肝硬化患者156例,采用随机分为对照组和观察组,各78例。对照组采用恩替卡韦治疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上联合微生态制剂治疗,比较两组临床治疗前后肝功能指标、临床症状评分、肝纤维化指标及血清HBV-DNA转阴率。结果治疗后两组ALT、ALT、TBIL均低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;观察组乏力、厌食、腹胀评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;两组肝纤维化指标（HA、PC-Ⅲ、Ⅳ-C）均较治疗前改善,且观察组改善优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;治疗后两组门静脉内径和脾脏厚度均较治疗前降低,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 恩替卡韦联合微生态制剂治疗乙肝肝硬化患者,可改善临床患者症状、肝功能,具有理想的治疗效果,为改善患者预后提供有利的条件。     

乙型肝炎肝硬化患者乙型肝炎病毒DNA水平与肝纤维化程度的关系

目的 探讨乙型肝炎肝硬化患者乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)DNA水平与肝纤维化程度的关系及其临床意义.方法 回顾性分析2004年至2006年本科室收治的263例乙型肝炎肝硬化住院患者的临床资料.所有患者均进行肝功能Child-Pugh分级,检测HBV DNA、HBV血清标志物、透明质酸(HA)、人Ⅲ型前胶原(Hpc-Ⅲ)、Ⅳ型胶原(Ⅳ-C)、层粘蛋白(LN);行腹部超声检测脾大小、门静脉内径、脾静脉内径;胃镜检查食管静脉曲张程度,并记录常见并发症.根据HBV DNA水平分为4组:G1组,HBV DNA＜103拷贝/ml;G2组,HBV DNA 103～＜105拷贝/ml;G3组,HBV DNA 105～＜107拷贝/ml;G4组,HBV DNA≥107拷贝/ml.比较各组间Child-Pugh分级、肝纤维化血清指标和门脉高压指标的差异以及各组肝硬化常见并发症的发生情况.结果 263例患者中217例(82.5%)HBV DNA阳性.不同HBV DNA水平患者之间的Child-Pugh评分分级、HA、Hpc-Ⅲ、Ⅳ-C、LN比较,差异无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).4组患者之间脾大小、门静脉内径、脾静脉内径及食管静脉曲张程度比较,差异无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).4组患者并发症如消化道出血、继发感染、腹水、肝性脑病、肝癌等发生率差异也无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).结论 绝大部分乙型肝炎肝硬化患者HBV DNA阳性,但血清HBV DNA水平高低与肝硬化严重程度及并发症的发生率无明显关联.     

肝性脑病患者血清中IL-6和IL-18的表达及意义

目的 检测肝性脑病患者血清中IL-6和IL-18的表达水平并探讨其与天冬氨酸转移酶（AST）、丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、总胆红素（TBil）、白蛋白（ALB）、肌酐（Cr）及血浆氨的相关性.方法 40例肝硬化合并肝性脑病的住院患者,定为A组,其中临床分期为Ⅲ～Ⅳ期的18例患者定为A1组,Ⅰ～Ⅱ期的22例患者定为A2组;20例肝硬化患者定为B组;20名健康人作为正常对照,定为C组.用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测所有研究对象血清中IL-6和IL-18的浓度,并分析其与AST、ALT、TBil、ALB、Cr及血氨的相关性.结果 A1组和A2组IL-6和IL-18浓度均明显高于B组和C组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;血清IL-6和IL-18水平均与血氨浓度呈正相关（P＜0.05）,与AST、ALT、TBil、ALB及Cr均无明显相关性（P＞0.05）.结论 肝性脑病患者血清中IL-6和IL-18均明显增高而且与血氨存在相关性,IL-6和IL-18可能与血氨存在协同作用,共同参与了肝性脑病的发病.     

Retrospective analysis of autoimmune hepatitis-primary biliary cirrhosis overlap syndrome in Korea: characteristics,treatments, and outcomes

Background/Aims

Overlap syndrome of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) (AIH-PBC overlap syndrome) is a rare disease that has not been clearly characterized in Korean patients. This study investigated the clinical features of AIH-PBC overlap syndrome compared with those of AIH and PBC alone.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study included 158 consecutive patients who were diagnosed as AIH (n=61), PBC (n=81), or AIH-PBC overlap syndrome (n=9) based on the Paris and the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group (IAIHG) criteria from 2001 to 2011 in Korea. We compared the clinical features of these three groups retrospectively, including their biochemical characteristics, treatments, responses, and clinical outcomes.

Results

The AIH-PBC overlap syndrome patients exhibited biochemical characteristics of both AIH and PBC, and showed a similar response to ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) monotherapy as for the PBC patients. However, the response of AIH-PBC overlap syndrome patients to UDCA and steroid combination therapy was worse than the response of AIH patients to steroid-based therapy (P=0.024). Liver cirrhosis developed more rapidly in AIH-PBC overlap syndrome patients than in AIH patients group (P=0.013), but there was no difference between AIH-PBC overlap syndrome patients and PBC patients. The rates of developing hepatic decompensation did not differ significantly between the groups.

Conclusions

The AIH-PBC overlap syndrome patients exhibited a worse response to UDCA and steroid combination therapy and a faster cirrhotic progression compared with AIH patients.     

Post-liver transplantation de novo hepatitis with overlap features

The development of de novo autoimmune liver disease after liver transplantation (LT) has been described in both children and adults. Reported herein is a case that is best characterized as post-LT de novo hepatitis with features of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH)-primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) overlap. A 56-year-old man underwent LT for decompensated liver disease secondary to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. His liver function tests became markedly abnormal 8 months after LT. Sequential liver transplant biopsy findings were confusing and shared findings seen with both AIH and PBC. Although standard autoimmune serological tests were negative, a dramatic biochemical response was observed to a regimen consisting of prednisone, mycophenolate mofetil, and ursodeoxycholic acid added to maintainance tacrolimus. The donor was histocompatibility leukocyte antigen, DR4, positive, a haplotype associated with the development of AIH-PBC overlap syndrome. In conclusion the authors believe that this may be a case of post-LT de novo overlap syndrome of AIH-PBC, a novel 'autoimmune-type' response.     

自身免疫肝病患者抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体的检测及临床意义

探讨抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体(anti-neutrophil cytoplastic antibodies,ANCA)对自身免疫肝病的临床意义。应用间接免疫荧光法和斑点法检测149例自身免疫性肝病患者[自身免疫性肝炎(autoimmune hepatitis,AIH)患者57例,原发性胆汁性肝硬化(primary biliary cirrhosis,PBC)患者42例,不明原因肝损患者50例]的ANCA和抗可提取性核抗原抗体(extract-able nuclear antigen,ENA),进而用ELISA法分析60例ANCA阳性的自身免疫肝病患者的ANCA抗原谱。以200例健康献血员为正常对照。结果ANCA在AIH、PBC、不明原因肝损中的阳性率分别为81%、40%、30%,其中非典型性pANCA的阳性率依次为70%、40%、28%。AIH组与PBC组及AIH组与不明原因肝损组间非典型性pANCA的阳性率有显著性差异(P<0.01),但PBC组与不明原因肝损组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。各疾病组ANCA抗原谱如下:AIH组中,乳铁蛋白3%阳性,MPO 11%阳性,组织蛋白酶G和BPI的阳性率分别为11%、17%;PBC组中,弹性蛋白酶和组织蛋白酶G阳性率均为5%,BPI的阳性率为16%;不明原因肝损组中,BPI阳性率为17%。大多数自身免疫性肝病患者非典型性pANCA为阳性(28%~70%),且伴有特征性自身抗体。注重非典型性pANCA的检测对明确诊断自身免疫肝病及其分类有很大的帮助。     

IgA Anti-b2GPI Antibodies in Patients with Autoimmune Liver Diseases

INTRODUCTION: Recently, we reported a high prevalence of immunoglobulin G and/or immunoglobulin M anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) in patients with autoimmune liver diseases, namely, autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), which were independent of the respective isotypes of antibodies against beta2-glycoprotein I (anti-b2GPI). Immunoglobulin A (IgA) aCL and IgA anti-b2GPI are the least studied of the three specific isotypes either in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) or in other conditions. METHODS: Therefore, we investigated the prevalence and clinical significance of IgA anti-b2GPI and IgA aCL by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in another set of Caucasian patients with autoimmune liver diseases (59 AIH, 96 PBC, and 37 PSC). The disease controls group consisted of 50 hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients, 50 hepatitis B virus (HBV), 30 alcoholic liver disease (ALD), 30 non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and 110 healthy controls. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: IgA anti-b2GPI prevalence was higher in AIH (50.8%) compared to PBC (p = 0.005), PSC (p = 0.008), NASH (p = 0.004), ALD (p = 0.01), and HCV (p = 0.002). The titers were also significantly higher in AIH compared to any other group of the study. IgA aCL prevalence was higher in AIH (33.9%) compared to PBC (p = 0.005), PSC (p = 0.014), NASH (p = 0.001), ALD (p = 0.004), and HCV (p < 0.001). IgA anti-b2GPI or IgA aCL were not associated with APS features in patients with liver autoimmunity. Of note, IgA anti-b2GPI and IgA aCL were associated with clinical and biochemical markers of disease severity in AIH and PBC. We demonstrated a high prevalence and high titers of IgA anti-b2GPI in patients with AIH compared to any other liver disease of the study. CONCLUSION: IgA anti-b2GPI and IgA aCL were associated with the severity and biochemical activity of AIH and PBC, but long-term prospective studies are needed to address whether this new finding is of clinical importance in AIH and PBC patients.     

HLA-DR Allele Frequencies in Mexican Mestizos with Autoimmune Liver Diseases Including Overlap Syndromes

Autoimmune liver diseases are sometimes difficult to differentiate from hepatic overlap syndromes (OS). The objective of this study was to use polymorphic genetic markers to better distinguish clinical heterogeneity in autoimmune liver disease. Since autoimmunity is the result of autoantibody production we studied HLA-DR alleles in 20 patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), 16 with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), 10 with OS, and in 99 ethnically matched healthy individuals. Patients with OS had significantly higher alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin levels than patients with AIH. OS patients had a higher prevalence of positive antinuclear antibodies and a higher AIH score than patients with PBC. Patients with OS also had higher total immunoglobulin levels (IgG isotype) as compared to patients with PBC. We found in PBC patients a higher gene frequency of HLA-DR4 and DR1 as compared to healthy controls (p = 0.03, OR = 2.2 and p = 0.004, OR = 4.3, respectively) and to OS patients (p = 0.01, OR = 6.8, and p = 0.004, OR = 10.0, respectively). On the other hand, the gene frequency of HLADR5 was significantly decreased in the total group of patients as compared to healthy controls suggesting a protective role of this allele for developing autoimmune liver disease.     

Autoimmune hepatitis in primary Sjogren's syndrome: pathological study of the livers and labial salivary glands in 17 patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome

Although primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) is an autoimmune exocrinopathy, the involvement of liver has been reported. Because no study focusing on autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) in pSS has been published, the purpose of the present study was to perform a clinical and histological examination of the liver, focusing on AIH, in 17 pSS patients. The patients had liver enzyme abnormalities without hepatitis virus infection. In all cases, biopsied livers were examined, and in 10 cases biopsied labial salivary glands were also examined histologically. Based on the authors' diagnostic criteria for AIH in pSS, the liver diseases consisted of AIH (eight cases, 47%), primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC; six cases, 35%), non-specified chronic hepatitis (two cases, 12%) and acute hepatitis (one case, 6%). Lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate, with predominancy of CD3(+) T cells, was noted in both the liver and salivary glands in the patients with AIH. The patients with AIH with severe interface hepatitis had a good response to immunosuppressive therapy. The comparison of liver histology between the PBC with pSS group and the PBC without pSS group showed that the incidence of lymphoid non-suppurative cholangitis was higher in PBC with pSS. In conclusion, the present study offers new information on the relatively common occurrence, diagnostic criteria and treatment effects of AIH in pSS.     

抗Ro-52抗体在自身免疫性肝病中的检测

目的 探讨抗Ro-52抗体对自身免疫性肝病(autoimmune liver disease,AILD)的临床意义.方法 对采用免疫印迹法检测抗Ro-52抗体的115例AILD患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,比较抗Ro-52阳性和阴性MLD患者肝功和免疫学指标,对可能有相关性的血清学指标进行诊断试验一致性评价.结果 抗Ro-52抗体在自身免疫性肝炎(autoimmune hepatitis,AIH)(37例)、原发性胆汁性肝硬化(primary biliary cirrhosis,PBC)(57例)、MH/PBC重叠综合征组(21例)的阳性率分别为32.43%、24.56%、33.33%,差异无统计学意义(x2=0.949,P>0.05).抗可溶性肝抗原/肝胰抗原抗体(anti-soluble liver antigen/liver-pancreas,anti-SLA/LP)在抗Ro-52阳性AIH组频率(58.33%)高于阴性组(16.00%)(x2=6.955,P<0.05),抗SLA/LP抗体在抗R0-52阳性AIH/PBC重叠综合征组频率(85.71%)高于阴性组(28.57%)(x2=6.109,P<0.05).抗Ro-52抗体和抗SLA/LP抗体结果有一致性(κ=0.466,P<0.05).AIH/PBC重叠综合征组抗Ro-52阳性患者IgG水平高于阴性患者(t=2.508,P<0.05).结论 抗Ro-52抗体在AIH、PBC和MH/PBC重叠综合征中的分布没有差别;抗Ro-52抗体与抗SLA/LP抗体检测结果有一致性;抗Ro-52抗体阳性MH/PBC重叠综合征患者IgG水平高于抗体阴性者.     

Increase of chemokine interferon-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) in the serum of patients with autoimmune liver diseases and increase of its mRNA expression in hepatocytes

To clarify the role of IP-10 in autoimmune liver diseases, we studied the serum levels of IP-10 in 14 patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), 23 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), and 65 patients with chronic viral hepatitis (20 type B and 45 type C). The hepatic expression of IP-10 mRNA and the correlation between the serum levels of IP-10 and clinical parameters were also evaluated. In addition to 20 healthy controls, 16 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients were included as an extrahepatic inflammatory disease. The serum level of IP-10 was significantly (P < 0.02) higher in patients with AIH, PBC, and chronic hepatitis B and C than in healthy controls, and it was significantly correlated (P < 0.05) with the serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in patients with AIH, PBC, and chronic hepatitis B and C. The serum level of IP-10 was not elevated in RA patients. After successful treatment of AIH and chronic hepatitis C, the serum level of IP-10 decreased to the same level as in healthy volunteers. As we previously showed in cases with chronic hepatitis B or C, in situ hybridization in both AIH and PBC cases demonstrated the expression of IP-10 mRNA in hepatocytes around focal or lobular necrosis surrounded by infiltrating mononuclear cells, whereas IP-10 mRNA was not expressed in areas around the damaged bile ducts in PBC cases. The present results suggest that IP-10 is specifically produced by hepatocytes in inflammatory areas irrespective of the aetiology of hepatitis, and that IP-10 may help to recruit T cells to the hepatic lesions in autoimmune liver diseases as well as in chronic viral hepatitis.     

A spectrum of histopathologic findings in autoimmune liver disease

We retrospectively studied 42 liver biopsy specimens from 39 patients who met serologic and histologic criteria of autoimmune liver diseases. We found 10 cases of overlap syndrome (OLS), 10 autoimmune cholangitis (AIC), 10 primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), and 9 autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) type 1. The following results were obtained: (1) Granulomas and biliary duct lesions were more prominent in PBC and AIC than in OLS and AIH. (2) Bile duct loss was not observed in AIH cases. (3) Features of hepatocellular damage such as piecemeal necrosis, spotty lobular necrosis, and confluent necrosis, were much more prevalent in OLS and AIH than in PBC and AIC. (4) HLA-DR antigen expression by hepatocytes was more frequent in AIH and OLS, whereas the expression of the same antigen by the bile duct epithelium was more frequent in PBC and AIC. We conclude there is a morphologic spectrum in autoimmune liver diseases, in which PBC forms one end of the spectrum, AIH the other, OLS the middle but closer clinically and histologically to AIH than to PBC, and AIC, which seems to be an antimitochondrial antibody-negative subtype of PBC.