STAT1的SUMO4修饰在高糖诱导的肾小管上皮细胞上皮-间叶性转化中的作用

目的探讨STAT1的SUMO4修饰与人近端肾小管上皮细胞(HK-2)表型转化的关系。方法将HK-2细胞分为空白对照组(NG,5.5 mmol/L葡萄糖)、高糖组(HG,30 mmol/L葡萄糖)、SUMO4-siRNA(转染SUMO4 siRNA)组、NC-siRNA(转染scrimble siRNA)组、UBC9-siRNA(转染UBC9 siRNA)组。采用免疫细胞化学、Western blot法检测E-cadherin、α-SMA、vimentin等的表达;双荧光素酶报告基因分析检测STAT1的转录活性;免疫共沉淀检测STAT1的SUMO4修饰。结果高糖刺激后,HK-2细胞中E-cadherin表达降低,而vimentin与α-SMA表达增高(P<0.05);高糖上调STAT1的SUMO4修饰;不论是SUMO4 siRNA转染还是UBC9 siRNA转染,均能显著提升STAT1的活性(P<0.01);同时SUMO4 siRNA转染可部分逆转高糖导致的E-cadherin和α-SMA表达变化(P<0.05)。结论抑制STAT1的SUMO4修饰增加STAT1的活性,缓解了高糖诱导的HK-2细胞的上皮-间叶性转化。     

M3R激动剂通过激活PI3K/AKT信号途径促进肺癌细胞A549的上皮间质转化

目的:探讨毒蕈碱胆碱受体3(muscarinic receptor 3,M3R)激动剂卡巴胆碱促进人肺癌A549细胞上皮间质转化的可能信号通路。方法:用400μmol/L卡巴胆碱刺激人肺癌A549细胞,在倒置相差显微镜下观察细胞形态的变化,应用划痕愈合实验和Transwell实验观察细胞迁移和侵袭能力;应用q PCR技术检测上皮间质转化相关蛋白波形蛋白(vimentin)和E钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)m RNA水平的变化;应用Western blot技术检测p-AKT、vimentin和E-cadherin蛋白水平的变化。结果:卡巴胆碱刺激人肺癌A549细胞后,细胞形态发生明显改变,由不规则多边形逐渐向梭形转化、细胞间紧密结合逐渐变得松散,细胞迁移和侵袭能力增强;vimentin的m RNA和蛋白表达量明显增加,E-cadherin的m RNA和蛋白水平降低,磷酸化的AKT蛋白水平增加,且这些变化均可被M3R特异性抑制剂4-DAMP所抑制(P0.05)。结论:卡巴胆碱可通过激活PI3K/AKT信号途径促进人肺癌A549细胞发生上皮间质转化。     

Effect of tonsillar mononuclear cell supernatants in patients with IgA nephropathy on renal tubular epithelial cells

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the immunological relationship and the mechanism between tonsillar inflammation and immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN).

Subjects

Tonsillar mononuclear cells (TMCs) were prepared from 13 patients with IgAN and 13 patients with chronic tonsillitis but without renal disease. The human renal tubular epithelial cell (TEC) line, HK-2, was used to test the effects of secretions from the TMCs.

Methods

Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) was used to induce the inflammatory responses in TMCs. The secretions from TMCs, stimulated with or without PHA, were collected and applied to HK-2 cells. The proliferation, apoptosis, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of HK-2 cells were evaluated. The expression of key components during apoptosis and EMT was measured.

Results

The secretions from PHA-stimulated IgAN TMCs significantly inhibited proliferation, promoted apoptosis, and down-regulated Bcl-2 in HK-2 cells (P < 0.05) in time- and concentration-dependent manners. They also modulated the expression of key components during EMT, E-cadherin and α-SMA (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

The secretions from PHA-stimulated IgAN TMCs can cause the inhibition of proliferation, promotion of apoptosis, down-regulation of Bcl-2, and EMT effects in HK-2 TECs, which may reflect the in-vivo remote modulation of functions of renal TECs by tonsillar inflammation.     

低氧通过上调乙酰辅酶A羧化酶1促进肺腺癌A549细胞迁移

目的 探讨低氧通过乙酰辅酶A羧化酶1（ACC1）促进人肺腺癌A549细胞迁移的机制。 方法 低氧（5％ O2）处理肺腺癌A549细胞,应用Transwell迁移实验检测细胞迁移能力,Western blotting检测ACC1表达及上皮-间质转化（EMT）相关蛋白的表达水平。 结果 与常氧（对照组）相比,低氧处理促进了A549细胞的迁移（P＜0.01）,低氧处理后ACC1表达上调（P＜0.01）,同时波形蛋白（vimentin）表达增加（P＜0.05）,E-钙黏蛋白（E-cadherin）表达下降（P＜0.01）;敲除ACC1后与对照组相比,A549细胞的迁移能力减弱（P＜0.05）,vimentin表达下降（P＜0.05）,E-cadherin表达增加（P＜0.01）;敲除ACC1后A549细胞在常氧和5％ O2条件下迁移数目及vimentin、E-cadherin表达变化无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;补充亚油酸（LA）恢复低氧对A549细胞的促迁移作用（P＜005）。 结论 低氧通过上调ACC1的表达促进肺腺癌A549细胞迁移及EMT转化。     

TGF-β1诱导大鼠肝星状细胞系HSC-T6活化及上皮间质转换

目的探讨转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)在大鼠肝星状细胞系(HSC-T6)活化及上皮间质转换(EMT)中的作用。方法体外培养HSC-T6,用MTT法筛选TGF-β1对HSC-T6作用的最佳浓度;用10μg/L TGF-β1处理HSC-T6 24 h,相差倒置显微镜下观察细胞形态改变,免疫荧光染色法检测细胞骨架结构F-actin蛋白的表达,RT-q PCR法检测肌动蛋白α-SMA及代表上皮间质转换的神经黏附素(N-cadherin)、波形蛋白(vimentin)和上皮黏附素(E-cadherin)基因表达;用不同浓度(0、5和10μg/L)的TGF-β1处理HSC-T6 24 h,Western blot检测α-SMA、N-cadherin、vimentin和E-cadherin蛋白表达。结果 10μg/L TGF-β1干预HSC-T6 24 h有最好的细胞存活率;TGF-β1刺激HSC-T6后,细胞拉伸,伪足增多呈星形,细胞间连接疏松,呈显著活化状态;F-actin聚集形成应力纤维丝,沿细胞长轴分布;实验组α-SMA mRNA及vimentin mRNA的表达量明显高于对照组(P0.05),而E-cadherin mRNA的表达量明显降低(P0.05);在不同浓度的TGF-β1呈剂量依赖性致α-SMA及N-cadherin和vimentin的蛋白表达量增多,而E-cadherin的蛋白表达量减少。结论 TGF-β1可诱导HSC-T6活化及上皮间质转换。     

Wnt/β-catenin pathway is required for epithelial to mesenchymal transition in CXCL12 over expressed breast cancer cells

CXCL12 is positively associated with the metastasis and prognosis of various human malignancies. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), the main cells secreting CXCL12, are capable of inducing epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of breast cancer cells. However, it has not been completely understood whether CXCL12 is involved in EMT of breast cancer cells and the underlying mechanisms. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of CXCL12 on the EMT and cancer stem cell (CSC)-like phenotypes formation by transfecting pEGFP-N1-CXCL12 plasmid into MCF-7 cells. Real time-PCR and Western blot analysis demonstrated the successful over expression of CXCL12 in MCF-7 cells. Cell counting kit-8 assay, wound healing assay and Transwell invasion analysis confirmed that over expression of CXCL12 significantly promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion in MCF-7 cells (P<0.05). In addition, ALDH activity was dramatically enhanced compared with parental (P<0.001), accompanied by the notably elevated mRNA and protein levels of OCT-4, Nanog, and SOX2 in CXCL12 overexpressed-MCF-7 cells (P<0.001). Furthermore, we observed the down regulation of E-cadherin and up regulation of vimentin, N-cadherin, and α-SMA in CXCL12 overexpressed-MCF-7 cells (P<0.01). Meanwhile, western blot and immunofluorescence assay showed that over expression of CXCL12 activated Wnt/β-catenin pathway to induce EMT of MCF-7 cells, as evidenced by the increased expression of E-cadherin after silencing β-catenin by siRNA interference (P<0.001). Collectively, our findings suggested that over expression of CXCL12 could trigger EMT by activating Wnt/β-catenin pathway and induce CSC-like phenotypes formation to promote the proliferation and metastasis in MCF-7. Hence, CXCL12 may become a promising candidate for breast cancer therapy.     

结缔组织生长因子诱导人肾小管上皮细胞向间充质细胞转化的实验研究

目的 探讨结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)对肾小管上皮细胞向间充质细胞转化的影响.方法 体外培养的人肾小管上皮细胞(HK-2),按是否用CTGF处理将其分为实验组和对照组.直接免疫荧光法、间接免疫化学检测培养72 h后肾小管上皮细胞E-cadherin、波形蛋白、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白((α-SMA)、细胞外信号调节激酶2(ERK2)的表达;Western blot方法 在72 h检测E-cadherin、波形蛋白和ERK2的表达;Boyden小室在1、3、5 d检测细胞迁移能力的变化.结果 (1)实验组上皮细胞表型标志蛋白E-cadherin随着时间的延长而表达递减,波形蛋白表达渐增,ERK2表达上调;(2)在第1天,实验组与对照组细胞迁移能力差异无统计学意义,第3天实验组迁移至滤膜下面细胞多于对照组,第5天实验组细胞迁移数明显高于对照组[(45.0±1.1):(14.0±1.2),P<0.05].结论 在体外,人肾小管上皮细胞由CTGF刺激表现出向间充质细胞转化的特性,并且ERK2信号转导通路可能参与了对这一过程的调控效应.     

紫草素对HGF诱导的人肺癌细胞上皮-间充质转化的逆转作用

目的:探讨紫草素(shikonin)对肝细胞生长因子(HGF)诱导的人非小细胞肺癌PC9细胞迁移、侵袭及上皮-间充质转化(EMT)的影响。方法:用HGF诱导PC9细胞建立EMT模型,采用不同剂量的shikonin干预24 h后,MTT法检测细胞活力;划痕愈合实验检测细胞的迁移能力;Transwell小室实验检测细胞的侵袭能力;Western blot法检测细胞中上皮型钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)、神经型钙黏蛋白(N-cadherin)和波形蛋白(vimentin)的蛋白表达水平。结果:Shikonin可显著抑制PC9细胞的活力(P0.01),随着给药剂量的增加,shikonin对细胞的生长抑制率显著上升,并呈一定的剂量依赖关系,IC_(50)为9.364μmol/L。HGF可诱导PC9细胞发生迁移和侵袭;划痕愈合实验和Transwell小室实验显示,shikonin能明显抑制由HGF诱导的肺癌PC9细胞迁移和侵袭(P0.01)。Western blot检测结果显示HGF可诱导PC9细胞的EMT标志物E-cadherin蛋白表达下调,N-cadherin和vimentin蛋白表达上调,使其发生EMT;shikonin则可逆转由HGF诱导的PC9细胞E-cadherin蛋白表达下调及N-cadherin和vimentin蛋白表达上调(P0.01)。结论:Shikonin能逆转由HGF诱导的肺癌PC9细胞EMT,同时抑制其迁移和侵袭。     

地高辛对缺氧诱导的乳腺癌细胞上皮间质转化和侵袭的影响

 目的:本研究旨在探究地高辛对缺氧诱导乳腺癌细胞上皮间质转化、迁移和侵袭能力的影响,并探讨其分子机制。方法:选取人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞作为研究对象,采用CoCl₂模拟化学缺氧条件,采用细胞划痕实验测量细胞迁移率,采用Transwell侵袭实验检测细胞侵袭力,采用Western blot方法检测人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)、Snail、E-cadherin和vimentin蛋白表达的变化。结果:缺氧使MCF-7细胞从多角形上皮形态转变成梭形间质细胞形态,细胞间隙增大,而在地高辛作用下缺氧的MCF-7细胞未发生明显的上皮间质转化。细胞划痕实验和Transwell侵袭实验结果显示,经CoCl₂处理的MCF-7细胞的迁移和侵袭能力均显著增强(P<0.01),地高辛可抑制CoCl₂诱导的细胞迁移和侵袭(P<0.01)。与control组相比,CoCl₂组细胞的HIF-1α、Snail和vimentin蛋白表达水平显著升高(P<0.01),E-cadherin的蛋白表达水平显著降低(P<0.01);CoCl₂+digoxin组细胞的HIF-1α、E-cadherin和vimentin蛋白表达水平与control组相比差异均无统计学显著性,Snail蛋白表达水平虽略高于control组(P<0.05),但与CoCl₂组细胞相比显著降低(P<0.01)。结论:地高辛可通过下调HIF-1α和Snail蛋白表达抑制缺氧诱导的MCF-7细胞上皮间质转化和侵袭。     

Pituitary tumor transforming gene PTTG2 induces psoriasis by regulating vimentin and E-cadherin expression

Psoriasis is a common and intractable skin disease affecting the physical and mental health of patients. This study focused on the roles of pituitary tumor transforming gene 2 (PTTG2) in psoriasis. Using real-time quantitative PCR and western blot, the expression patterns of PTTG2 were compared in psoriatic epidermis cells and normal cells, from both mRNA levels and protein levels. Knockdown of PTTG2 by siRNA was conducted in HaCaT cells to investigate the changes in cell viability and migration in vitro. Expression changes of vimentin and E-cadherin were also detected in the transfected cells. Results showed PTTG2 was significantly overexpressed in the psoriatic epidermis cells (P < 0.05). The cell viability and migration were inhibited by the knockdown of PTTG2. Besides, knockdown of PTTG2 resulted in down-regulation of vimentin and up-regulation of E-cadherin, with significant differences compared to the siRNA control group (P < 0.05). This study indicated the involvement of PTTG2 in mediating epidermis cell viability and migration and in pathogenesis of psoriasis. PTTG2 might be a potential therapeutic target for psoriasis through inducing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via regulating the expression of vimentin and E-cadherin.     

阻断核心岩藻糖基化修饰抑制肾小管上皮细胞的间充质转化

目的: 探讨阻抑核心岩藻糖基化修饰对肾小管上皮细胞间充质转化(EMT)过程的影响。方法: 利用转化生长因子β₁(TGF-β₁)建立肾小管上皮HK-2细胞EMT的模型,应用RNAi技术沉默HK-2细胞的α-1,6-岩藻糖基转移酶(FUT8)基因表达,光镜下观察FUT8 基因沉默后细胞形态变化,免疫印迹及免疫细胞化学方法测定细胞表型标记物蛋白E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)、N-钙黏蛋白(N-cadherin)、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)和成纤维细胞特异性蛋白-1(FSP-1)的表达变化,流式细胞仪测定细胞凋亡。 结果: TGF-β₁孵育48 h后,HK-2细胞失去原有的上皮细胞形态,呈现纤维细胞形态,纤维细胞表型标记蛋白α-SMA、FSP-1及N-cadherin表达明显升高,而上皮细胞表型标记蛋白E-cadherin表达明显下降,同时伴有 FUT8 基因表达上调,细胞凋亡增加,而提前转染FUT8 siRNA能明显减弱上述这些反应。结论: FUT8催化的核心岩藻糖基化修饰参与HK-2细胞的EMT过程;阻断核心岩藻糖基化修饰,能有效阻断肾小管上皮细胞的EMT过程。     

纺锤菌素抑制胃癌细胞的侵袭和转移

目的探讨纺锤菌素(netropsin)对胃癌细胞侵袭和转移能力的影响及其分子机制。方法用Transwell检测胃癌细胞侵袭和转移能力,用Western blot检测EMT相关标志物E-cadherin和vimentin表达,用免疫荧光检测β-catenin的细胞定位,验证netropsin作用前后Wnt/β-catenin信号通路活性。结果 Netropsin浓度25μmol/L时对MKN28细胞增殖有抑制作用,netropsin可以降低上皮标志物E-cadherin的表达,上调间质标志物vimentin的表达;netropsin可以通过抑制胃癌细胞的EMT,降低胃癌细胞侵袭和转移能力(P0.05),同时可阻止β-catenin进入细胞核。结论 Netropsin可以通过与HMGA2竞争结合转录因子结合位点抑制Wnt/β-catenin信号通路,降低胃癌细胞EMT的发生,从而抑制胃癌细胞侵袭能力。     

TRPC1在TGF-β1诱导支气管上皮细胞迁移中的作用

 目的: 探究经典瞬时受体电位通道1(TRPC1)在转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)诱导人支气管上皮细胞(16HBE)迁移中的作用。方法: siRNA沉默TRPC1; CCK-8法和流式细胞术分别检测细胞活力和凋亡; 细胞划痕和Transwell小室实验检测细胞的迁移和侵袭。Western blot检测E-钙黏蛋白和vimentin的蛋白表达。结果: TGF-β1刺激细胞后,TGF-β1组细胞的迁移距离大于对照组(P < 0.01)。TGF-β1组和TRPC1沉默组的细胞活力和凋亡与对照组相比差异不显著;与TGF-β1组细胞比较,siRNA和 TGF-β1 共同作用组迁移能力明显降低(P < 0.01)。与 TGF-β1 组相比,siRNA沉默TRPC1和 TGF-β1 共同作用组E-钙黏蛋白的蛋白表达明显降低(P < 0.05),而vimentin的蛋白表达明显增强(P < 0.05)。结论: TRPC1通过调节E-钙黏蛋白和vimentin 的蛋白表达参与了TGF-β1诱导人支气管上皮细胞迁移的过程。     

蛋白酶体抑制剂MG132减轻糖尿病大鼠肾小管间质纤维化简

 目的 探讨蛋白酶体抑制剂MG132是否减轻或延缓糖尿病肾病(DN)大鼠肾小管间质纤维化及其可能机制。方法 用链脲菌素复制糖尿病大鼠模型(DM),实验分为对照组(NC) 及DM组,每组n = 10。24周处死大鼠,检测相应生化指标,观察肾组织病理改变;体外培养NRK-52E细胞,予以不同剂量MG132预处理后高糖培养。免疫组化、免疫荧光染色、Western blot检测肾组织和NRK-52E细胞中Smad7、Smurf2、E钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)和α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)、纤维连接蛋白(FN)及胶原蛋白(Col-Ⅰ)的表达。结果 与NC组相比,DM组大鼠肾组织E-cadherin减少(P<0.05)、α-SMA增多(P<0.05),FN及Col-Ⅰ蛋白在间质沉积增多(P<0.05),而Smad7蛋白减少(P<0.05), Smurf2表达增加(P<0.05)。MG132 抑制了高糖诱导的NRK-52E细胞α-SMA和Col-Ⅰ蛋白的表达(P<0.05),并呈量效依赖性,但对Smurf2的蛋白表达无影响;相反,MG132上调了Smad7蛋白及E-cadherin的表达(P<0.05)。结论MG132减缓糖尿病大鼠肾小管间质纤维化。     

MicroRNA-200a inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line

Objective: Our study investigated the role of microRNA (miR)-200a and its molecular targets in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Methods: An inhibitor of miR-200a was transiently transfected into the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, MHCC-97L. The effect of this transfection on mRNA levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes was measured by fluorescence-based quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Further, protein levels of EMT-related genes, cell proliferation and apoptosis-related markers were assessed by Western blot analysis in these transfected cells. MTT and wound-healing assay were used to evaluate the proliferation and migration of MHCC-97L cells in presence and in absence of miR-200a inhibitor. Results: Compared with miR-NC control group, qRT-PCR results in anti-miR-200a group revealed a significant reduction in the mRNA levels of E-cadherin, with a concomitant increasing in vimentin mRNA level (all P < 0.05). Western blot results showed higher E-cadherin and Caspase-3 protein expressions in anti-miR-200a group compared to miR-NC group (P < 0.05). In addition, vimentin and Ki-67 protein expression was found sharply decreased in anti-miR-200a group compared to miR-NC group (P < 0.05). Consistent with this, wound-healing and MTT assay showed that migration and proliferation capacity of MHCC-97L cells in anti-miR-200a group is significantly increased compared with miR-NC group (both P < 0.05). Conclusion: Our study reveals an important role of miR-200a in inhibiting EMT, proliferation and migration in HCC cells, suggesting the possibility of miR-200a-based therapeutics in HCC.     

EphA2调控结直肠癌细胞耐药的初步研究

目的:探究Eph受体A2(Eph A2)在结直肠癌细胞化疗耐药中的作用及相关机制。方法:Western blot及real-time PCR检测人结肠癌细胞株Lo Vo及结肠癌耐药细胞株Lo Vo/5-FU中Eph A2的表达情况。转染Eph A2 siRNA干扰结肠癌耐药细胞株Lo Vo/5-FU中Eph A2的表达,CCK-8法检测细胞对化疗药物的敏感性,划痕实验及Transwell实验检测细胞迁移及侵袭能力的变化,Western blot检测上皮-间充质转化(EMT)及相关信号通路分子的蛋白水平。结果:耐药细胞株Lo Vo/5-FU中Eph A2的mRNA及蛋白表达水平均明显高于亲本细胞株(P0.05);并且在亲本细胞株Lo Vo中,Eph A2的蛋白表达水平随着5-FU浓度的增加有升高趋势。沉默Eph A2可降低结肠癌耐药细胞株Lo Vo/5-FU的细胞活力,增加其对化疗药物的敏感性,并抑制细胞的侵袭迁移;同时上调细胞中上皮细胞标志物E-cadherin和β-catenin的表达并下调间充质细胞标志物N-cadherin和vimentin的表达,可抑制结肠癌耐药细胞株Lo Vo/5-FU的EMT进程。此外,干扰Eph A2的表达之后,Notch和Snail的表达也明显降低。结论:沉默Eph A2可部分恢复结肠癌耐药细胞株Lo Vo/5-FU对化疗药物的敏感性,其机制可能与抑制细胞侵袭和迁移、同时通过Notch/Snail信号通路影响细胞的EMT进程有关。     

激活法尼酯X受体上调核心蛋白聚糖表达对肾小管上皮细胞转分化的作用

目的研究激活法尼酯X受体(FXR)对核心蛋白聚糖(decorin)表达的变化及其对肾小管上皮细胞-间充质转分化的影响。方法 (1)采用不同浓度的FXR特异性激动剂CDCA及拮抗剂Guggulsterones处理肾小管上皮细胞(HK-2),观察decorin的mRNA和蛋白表达的变化;(2)将HK-2细胞分为对照组,TGF-β1诱导组(20 ng/ml),TGF-β1诱导加CDCA组(100μmol/L)和TGF-β1诱导加CDCA、Guggulsterones共处理组,48 h后观察各组细胞的形态变化,检测各组decorin、E-cadherin和α-SMA的mRNA和蛋白表达的情况。结果 (1)CDCA激活HK-2细胞FXR,decorin的mRNA和蛋白表达升高,且呈剂量依赖。在100μmol/L CDCA和不同浓度Guggulsterones共处理HK-2细胞,随着Guggulsterones浓度升高,decorin的mRNA和蛋白表达逐渐减低;(2)RT-PCR和Western blot显示,decorin在对照组、TGF-β1组无表达,在TGF-β1+CDCA组明显上调(与TGF-β1组比,P<0.05),在TGF-β1+CDCA+Guggulsterones组表达显著下降;E-cadherin在对照组高表达,在TGF-β1组显著下调,在TGF-β1+CDCA组显著上调(与TGF-β1组比,P<0.05),在TGF-β1+CDCA+Guggulsterones组表达显著下降;α-SMA在对照组无表达,在TGF-β1组显著上调,在TGF-β1+CDCA组显著下调(与TGF-β1组比,P<0.05),在TGF-β1+CDCA+Guggulsterones组表达显著上调。结论 CDCA激活肾小管上皮细胞FXR能够通过上调decorin的表达,从而抑制TGF-β1诱导的肾小管上皮细胞-间充质转分化。     

冬凌草甲素对人食管鳞癌细胞系KYSE-150和KYSE-450增殖及迁移的影响

目的 探讨冬凌草甲素（ORI）对食管鳞癌细胞系KYSE-150和KYSE-450增殖、凋亡、周期及迁移的作用。 方法 MTT法检测ORI对食管癌细胞增殖的影响;集落形成实验检测ORI对集落形成的影响;流式细胞术检测ORI对食管癌细胞凋亡和周期的影响;Transwell迁移实验检测ORI对食管癌细胞迁移的作用;Western blotting检测ORI对抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2、细胞周期抑制蛋白p21Cip1/Waf1及上皮-间质转化（EMT）标志蛋白表达水平的影响。 结果 ORI对KYSE-150和KYSE-450细胞的增殖、迁移和集落形成有显著的抑制作用（P<0.05）,且抑制作用呈一定的时间、剂量依赖性;流式结果显示,随着ORI浓度的增加,细胞的凋亡率明显增加（P<0.05）,G₂/M期细胞比例显著增加（P<0.05）,G₀/G₁期细胞比例明显下降（P<0.05）;ORI处理食管癌细胞48 h,Bcl-2、间质细胞标志蛋白,波形蛋白（vimentin）、β-连环蛋白（β-catenin）表达下调,p21Cip1/Waf1、上皮细胞标志蛋白,E-钙黏蛋白（E-cadherin）表达上调。 结论 冬凌草甲素可能通过诱导细胞凋亡,阻滞细胞在G₂/M期抑制食管癌细胞的增殖,并通过抑制EMT转化从而抑制食管癌细胞的迁移。     

SphK1和FAK对人结肠癌HCT116细胞上皮间质转化的影响

 目的: 研究鞘氨醇激酶1(sphingosine kinase l,SphK1)和黏着斑激酶(focal adhesion kinase,FAK)对人结肠癌HCT116细胞上皮间质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)的影响。方法: 将人结肠癌HCT116细胞分成3组:采用SphK1抑制剂N,N-二甲基鞘胺醇(N,N-dimethylsphingosine,DMS)、FAK抑制剂PF573228和相同体积的培养基分别处理细胞。MTT法检测细胞活力,Western blot方法检测SphK1、FAK、E-cadherin、N-cadherin、vimentin和基质金属蛋白酶2(MMP2)蛋白的表达,real-time PCR检测SphK1、鞘氨醇1-磷酸(S1P)、FAK、E-cadherin和vimentin mRNA的表达,并应用细胞划痕实验检测肿瘤细胞的迁移能力。结果: PF573228和DMS均明显抑制人结肠癌HCT116细胞的活力,并呈时间剂量依赖性。DMS抑制SphK1的表达,同时下调FAK、N-cadherin、vimentin和MMP2蛋白的表达,而上调E-cadherin蛋白表达上调。PF573228明显抑制FAK的表达,同时抑制SphK1、N-cadherin、vimentin和MMP2的表达,上调E-cadherin蛋白的表达(P<0.01)。划痕实验显示PF573228和DMS显著抑制HCT116细胞的迁移能力(P<0.01)。与对照组比较,PF573228组和DMS组FAK、SphK1、S1P以及vimentin mRNA的表达明显下调,而E-cadherin mRNA的表达则明显上调(P<0.05)。结论: SphK1和FAK信号通路可能在结肠癌HTC116细胞上皮间质转化过程中发挥重要作用。