HIV原发感染者自然杀伤样T细胞NKG2A/NKG2D变化的研究

目的深入了解人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)原发感染者(primary HIV infection,PHI)NKT样细胞表面NKG2A/NKG2D受体表达的变化。方法选取25例未经高效抗逆转录病毒治疗的HIV原发感染者和27例HIV抗体阴性健康对照,用流式细胞仪检测研究对象外周血NKT样细胞表面NKG2D和NKG2A的表达。结果 HIV原发感染者NKT样细胞绝对数和百分率显著低于健康对照(P<0.01)。HIV原发感染者NKT样细胞表面NKG2A、NKG2D受体表达与健康对照并无显著差异。HIV原发感染者病毒调定点低组NKG2A+NKT样细胞、NKG2A+NKG2D-NKT样细胞以及NKG2A+NKG2D+NKT样细胞百分率均显著低于病毒调定点高组(P<0.05);NKT细胞绝对数和百分率、NKG2D+NKT样细胞、NKG2D+NKG2A-NKT样细胞百分率在两组间相似,没有显著性差异。NKG2A+NKT细胞的百分比与病毒载量正相关(R=0.430,P=0.032)。结论 NKT样细胞数量以及其表面NKG2A受体的表达可作为HIV疾病进程的预测指标之一。     

结核杆菌耐热抗原对人外周血淋巴细胞NKG2A/NKG2D的影响

目的：以结核杆菌耐热抗原为刺激剂，观察人外岗血淋巴细胞NKG2A受体和NKG2D受体表达量的变化情况。方法：用结核杆菌耐热抗原刺激人外周血淋巴细胞，用流式细胞技术检测NKG2A受体和NKG2D受体的变化。使用RT-PCR和ELISA检测PBMCs中IFN-γ的表达情况。结果：在IL-2和抗原联合刺激下，NKG2A受体的表达量在第12天大幅度上升，NKG2D受体的表达量始终变化不大。NKG2A受体的表达在T细胞、NK细胞、αβT细胞和γδT细胞表面都有不同程度的增加。结论：NKG2A/NKG2D比例的上升有可能会对免疫系统造成一些影响，其中IFN-γ起着不可忽视的作用。     

HIV感染后CD4~+ T细胞表面NK相关受体表达的变化

目的研究人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染后CD4+T细胞表面NK相关受体表达的变化。方法选取25例未经高效抗逆转录病毒治疗的HIV感染者、11例AIDS患者、15例进行高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(highly activeantiretroviral therapy,HAART)者和13例HIV抗体阴性健康对照,用流式细胞仪检测研究对象外周血CD4+T细胞表面NKG2D、NKG2A和KIR3DL1的表达。结果 AIDS患者CD4+T细胞表面NKG2D表达的百分比显著高于其他各组,且NKG2D表达的百分比与CD4+T细胞的绝对数量呈负相关(R=-0.352,P<0.05),与HIV病毒载量呈正相关(R=0.426,P<0.05)。AIDS患者CD4+T表面NKG2A表达的百分比显著高于其他各组,NKG2A+NKG2D-表达的百分比显著高于其他各组,且NKG2A表达的百分比与CD4+T细胞的绝对数量呈负相关(R=-0.432,P<0.01)。结论 HIV感染机体后,CD4+T细胞NK相关受体表达变化与疾病进展相关。     

HIV感染后CD8~+T细胞表面NK相关受体表达的变化

目的深入了解人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染后CD8+T细胞表面NK相关受体表达的变化。方法选取25例未经高效抗逆转录病毒治疗的HIV感染者、11例AIDS患者、15例进行高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(highly active antiretroviral therapy,HAART)者和13例HIV抗体阴性健康对照,用流式细胞仪检测研究对象外周血CD8+T细胞表面NKG2D、NKG2A和KIR3DL1的表达。结果 HIV感染后CD8+T细胞表面NKG2D表达的百分比显著低于健康对照,NKG2D+NKG2A-表达的百分比随疾病进展逐渐下降,且NKG2D+NKG2A-表达的百分比与CD4+T细胞的绝对数量呈正相关。AIDS患者CD8+T细胞表达NKG2A显著高于其它各组,随着疾病的进展CD8+T细胞表达NKG2A+NKG2D-百分比逐渐上升,AIDS患者显著高于其它各组,经抗逆转录病毒治疗后下降至健康对照的水平,且NKG2A+NKG2D-表达的百分比与CD4+T细胞的绝对数量呈负相关。HIV感染后CD8+T细胞KIR3DL1+表达的百分比较健康对照并无显著差异。结论 HIV感染机体后,CD8+T细胞NK相关受体表达变化与疾病进展相关,抗病毒治疗后可恢复其变化。     

传染性单核细胞增多症患儿NKG2D表达变化初探

目的 观察传染性单核细胞增多症(infectious mononucleosis,IM)患儿自然杀伤(NK)细胞和CD8+T细胞NKG2D表达,探讨导致Epstein-Barr病毒(EBV)感染免疫功能紊乱的可能机制.方法 传染性单核细胞增多症患儿29例,同龄健康对照组25例.流式细胞术检测外周血NK细胞、CD8+T细胞表面激活性受体NKG2D及抑制性受体NKG2A表达,CD14+单核细胞(MC)表面NKG2D配体MHC Ⅰ相关分子A(MICA)与人巨细胞病毒蛋白UL16的结合蛋白1(ULBP-1)表达;酶联免疫吸附试验(EHSA)检测血浆游离MICA (sMICA)、IL-7、IL-12、IL-15、IFN-γ及TGF-β等细胞因子浓度.结果 (1)IM组患儿NK细胞及CD8+T细胞表面NKG2D表达明显低于对照组(P＜0.05),其中3例拟诊EBV-相关噬血细胞综合征(EBV-HLH)患儿表达下调最为显著;(2)IM组患儿CD14+ MC MICA与ULBP-1表达与对照组相比差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);(3)IM患儿细胞因子IL-15与TGF-β较对照组降低,IL-7、IL-12、IFN-γ及sMICA较对照组升高;(4)IM患儿NK细胞NKG2A表达明显高于对照组(P＜0.05),CD8+T细胞NKG2A表达与对照组相比无明显差异(P＞0.05).结论 EBV感染患儿NK细胞、CD8+T细胞NKG2D表达过度下调可能是导致免疫功能紊乱的原因之一,IL-15及IL-12等细胞因子调控失衡,sMICA血浓度增高等多种因素可能与其NKG2D表达下调有关.     

NKG2D与NKG2DL在肺癌免疫调节中的作用及临床意义

NKG2D与NKG2DL是目前研究的热点,NKG2D可表达于几乎所有的NK细胞、CD8+αβT细胞、γδ T细胞及少量CD4+αβT细胞的细胞膜表面,与其配体NKG2DL结合后,可激活NK细胞及T细胞,诱导机体的抗肿瘤免疫应答,杀伤表达NKG2DL的肿瘤细胞,因此,NKG2D及其配体NKG2DL在肿瘤的免疫调节过程中起着极其重要的作用.目前肺癌的预后仍不容乐观,迫切需要发展一种新型的治疗方法来达到特异杀灭肿瘤细胞而不损伤或仅轻微损伤正常细胞的目的,这使得免疫疗法成为一种极具吸引力及应用前景的治疗肺癌的方法.     

慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血NKG2A+NK 细胞与Treg 的关系研究

目的:探讨慢性乙型肝炎病毒(CHB)患者外周血NKG2A+NK 细胞与调节性T 细胞(Treg)的关系及临床意义。方法:收集46 例CHB 患者和17 例健康对照者外周血,采用实时荧光定量PCR 法检测血清HBV DNA;采用流式细胞术检测NKG2A+NK 细胞及Treg 的比例。结果:将CHB 患者分为Low HBV DNA 组(300 ~ 104 U/ ml)及High HBV DNA 组(105 ~108 U/ ml)。我们发现High HBV DNA 组ALT 明显高于Low HBV DNA 组(P<0.05)。High HBV DNA 组CD56dim NK 细胞及NKG2A+CD56dim NK 细胞的比例均分别明显高于Low HBV DNA 组(P<0.05)。且High HBV DNA 组Treg 明显高于Low HBVDNA 组和对照组(P<0.05)。此外,NKG2A+CD56dim NK 细胞的比例与High HBV DNA 载量及Treg 水平均呈正相关性(r =0.59,P<0.05;r =0.53,P<0.05)。结论:CHB 患者的NKG2A+CD56dim NK 细胞的水平与HBV 的免疫逃逸及疾病的进展相关。     

妊娠期uNK、pNK细胞NKG2A与NKG2D的表达及其生物学意义的研究

目的:研究妊娠期妇女子宫NK细胞(uNK细胞)与外周血NK细胞(pNK细胞)表面NKG2A和NKG2D及其相应配体的表达,探讨uNK细胞表面NKG2A和NKG2D的不平衡表达与母胎界面所形成的免疫耐受关系。方法:采用流式细胞术检测30例孕6～9周的正常妊娠妇女uNK细胞和pNK细胞NKG2A、NKG2D的表达状况;RTPCR技术检测绒毛膜组织HLAE、MICA的表达。结果:子宫NK细胞NKG2A的表达显著高于外周血NK细胞,二者分别为(97.86±1.75)%与(33.35±10.92)%;子宫NK细胞NKG2D的表达水平与外周血NK细胞相近,分别为(93.21±4.52)%与(97.80±1.72)%,滋养层组织仅检测到HLAEmRNA的表达。结论:妊娠期子宫NK细胞表面高表达抑制性受体NKG2A,同时滋养层组织表达相应的配体HLAE,这可能是维持母胎界面免疫耐受的重要因素。     

微小RNA-384靶向NK细胞表面受体NKG2A及STAT3蛋白对胃癌细胞生物学行为的作用机制北大核心CSCD

目的:探究微小RNA-384靶向NK细胞表面受体NKG2A及STAT3表达对胃癌细胞生物学行为的作用机制。方法:选取滕州市中心人民医院2017年4月至2020年3月已确诊的46例胃癌患者癌组织与癌旁组织标本进行研究。胃癌细胞分为胃癌组(胃癌细胞组)、对照组(转染NC组)、转染组(转染miRNA-384组)。PT-PCR检测胃癌细胞miR-384、NKG2A mRNA水平。MTT检测细胞增殖。流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡。Western blot检测STAT3、Survivin蛋白水平。双荧光酶报告检测miR-384、NKG2A靶向关系。结果:与癌旁组织相比,胃癌组织中miR-384表达降低、NKG2A表达升高(P<0.05)。与转染miR-384-NC组相比,转染miR-384组NK细胞增殖率随着时间延长而升高,CD16+、CD56+阳性率显著升高(P<0.05),提示转染miR-384后,可促进NK细胞增殖。胃癌组与对照组相比各指标差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,转染组miR-384、凋亡率升高,NKG2A表达、增殖率、STAT3、Survivin表达降低(P<0.05)。NKG2A与STAT3表达呈正相关(r=0.327,P=0.003);NKG2A与Survivin表达呈正相关(r=0.415,P<0.001);STAT3与Survivin呈正相关(r=0.351,P=0.001)。转染miR-384后野生型胃癌细胞中NKG2A活性及STAT3表达降低(P<0.05),突变型胃癌细胞中NKG2A及STAT3表达无明显变化(P>0.05),表明NKG2A及STAT3是miR-384的靶基因。结论:miR-384通过靶向NK细胞表面受体NKG2A及STAT3表达,降低Survivin活性,促进胃癌细胞凋亡并抑制其增殖。     

NKG2D及其配体研究进展

NKG2D是较为独特的NK细胞活化性受体，其配体具有多样性，因而其识别机制较独特；其表达范围不仅局限于NK细胞，还在T细胞、巨噬细胞、树突状细胞中有表达，功能上，不仅有直接刺激作用，还能作为协同刺激分子传递第二信号。NKG2D及其配体的研究对抗肿瘤免疫、抗感染免疫、自身免疫病的认识具有重要意义。本文对NKG2D及其配体的研究进展作一综述。     

Women with Pre-Eclampsia Have an Altered NKG2A and NKG2C Receptor Expression on Peripheral Blood Natural Killer Cells

Problem  Preeclampsia, a pregnancy disorder, is associated with exaggerated inflammation and increased serum monokines. Uterine natural killer (NK) cells are implicated in preeclampsia pathology, but little is known regarding peripheral NK cells in the disease.
Method of Study  We examined blood NK cells at delivery in women with preeclampsia, in healthy pregnant women and in healthy non-pregnant blood donors as a reference.
Results  Although the percentages of both NKG2A- and NKG2C-positive NK cells were normal in preeclamptic women, the levels of NKG2A and NKG2C on NK cells were significantly up-regulated in these women. In vitro stimulation of PBMCs from healthy pregnant women and blood donors with monokines resulted in increased percentage of NKG2A⁺ NK cells and increased NKG2A levels, while levels of NKG2C were decreased.
Conclusions  Our results suggest that the peripheral NK-cell pool is skewed in preeclampsia and possibly under the influence of monokines like interleukin (IL)-15 and IL-12.     

Association of CD94/NKG2A, CD94/NKG2C, and its ligand HLA-E polymorphisms with Behcet's disease

Inhibitory CD94/NKG2A and activating CD94/NKG2C receptors are expressed on natural killer, CD4, and CD8 T cells and recognize human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-E, resulting in the modulation of cytotoxic activity and cytokine production. An imbalance in cytotoxic activity and cytokine production has been implicated in Behcet's disease (BD). The results of this study showed that the NKG2A c.-4258*C, c.338-90*G, and CD94 c.-134*T alleles (P= 0.015, OR = 0.8; P < 0.0001, OR = 0.5; and P= 0.034, OR = 0.8, respectively) were associated with decreased risk and that NKG2A c.284-67_-62del, c.1077*C, and the activating receptor, NKG2C c.305*T were not associated with 345 patients with BD. But a significant difference in NKG2C c.305*T was detected among BD patients with ocular lesions and arthritis (P < 0.0001, OR = 2.1 and P= 0.0001, OR = 1.8, respectively). We already showed in our previous research that HLA-E*0101 also appears to contribute to a reduction in risk through the inhibitory CD94/NKG2A-mediated immune response. This result led us to the analyses of the combined risk of the HLA-E and the NKG2A for BD. Individuals harboring HLA-E*0101, NKG2A c.-4258*C, and c.338-90*G evidenced a reduced risk of BD compared with healthy controls (21.1% vs 40.1%, P < 0.0001, OR = 0.4). By way of contrast, individuals without the HLA-E*0101, NKG2A c.-4258*C, and c.338-90*G alleles evidenced a twofold increased risk of BD (P= 0.014, OR = 2.0). Individuals without HLA-E*0101, NKG2A c.-4258*G/*G, and c.338-90*G evidenced a 4.8-fold increase in BD risk (P= 0.0002, OR = 4.8). Although the effects of these single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) remain unclear, our results indicate that the SNPs of the inhibitory receptor CD94/NKG2A and its haplotypes, as well as its ligand HLA-E, are associated with BD immune systems.     

HIV/AIDS患者外周血B细胞数量以及TLR9 mRNA表达水平的研究

目的 探讨HIV-1感染后外周血B细胞数量的变化,以及B细胞TLR9 mRNA表达水平与HIV-1感染疾病进展的关系.方法 采集HIV/AIDS患者EDTA抗凝静脉血,荧光抗体染色后用流式细胞仪检测HIV/AIDS患者B细胞数量.密度梯度离心法分离外周血单个核细胞,应用MACS磁珠分选系统分选CD19+B细胞,并采用荧光定量实时PCR技术检测B细胞TLR9 mRNA水平.结果 HIV/AIDS患者B细胞数量显著低于健康对照组(P＜0.01),与CD4+T细胞数量呈正相关(r=0.534,P=0.006).HIV/AIDS患者外周血B细胞TIR9 mRNA的表达明显低于健康对照组(P=0.023),与CD4+T细胞数量呈正相关(r=0.390,P=0.040).结论 HIV感染可降低HIV/AIDS患者外周血B细胞数量以及B细胞TLR9 mRNA的表达量,B细胞数量和B细胞TLR9 mRNA的表达量均可能与疾病进展相关.     

HIV感染者NKT样细胞基线功能对疾病进程的影响

目的本实验通过检测HIV感染者NKT样细胞基线功能的变化,研究NKT样细胞对HIV感染疾病进程的影响。方法应用流式细胞术直接对HIV感染者以及健康对照外周血NKT样细胞IFN-γ分泌和CD107a表达进行研究。结果 NKT样细胞分泌IFN-γ百分比高者HIV疾病进展慢(P<0.008,P<0.001),与CD4+T细胞计数呈显著正相关(r=0.402,P=0.027),而与病毒载量呈显著负相关(r=-0.472,P=0.037)。结论 NKT样细胞功能较强,具有免疫保护作用,是延缓HIV病程的重要因素之一,可作为监测HIV疾病进展的指标。     

NKG2D ligands expression and NKG2D-mediated cytotoxicity in human laryngeal squamous carcinoma cells

The NKG2D is an activating immunoreceptor expressed by NK cells and CD8⁺ T cells. Engagement of NKG2D by its ligands is critical for both innate and adoptive immunity. While the overexpression of NKG2D ligands on certain tumour cells has previously been demonstrated, little is known about NKG2D ligand expression on human laryngeal tumour cells. In this study, we first verified that the interaction between NKG2D and its ligands was critical for NK cell-based immune response to human laryngeal squamous carcinoma cells Hep-2. This NKG2D-mediated effect was observed by transfecting the recombinant eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-N1/NKG2D as well as the NKG2D blockade. The mRNA and protein expression of NKG2D ligands, MHC class I-related chain molecules A (MICA) and UL16-binding proteins (ULBPs), in human laryngeal carcinoma cell line Hep-2 and fresh tumour tissues were evaluated. Compared with non-tumour tissues of vocal cords polyps, MICA and ULBP-3 were strongly overexpressed on both the human laryngeal carcinoma cell line Hep-2 and fresh human laryngeal carcinoma tissues. The mechanism and impact of NKG2D ligands overexpression on NK cell-mediated anti-laryngeal cancer immune response would require further investigation.     

Gamma/deltaT-cell subsets, NKG2A expression and apoptosis of Vdelta2+ T cells in pregnant women with or without risk of premature pregnancy termination

PROBLEM: Potentially cytotoxic Vdelta2+ T lymphocytes recognize human leukocyte antigen-E on the trophoblast via their CD94/NKG2A receptors. This study aims at determing the percentage of gamma/delta T-cell subsets, their NKG2A and Annexin V positivity in peripheral blood of healthy pregnant women and women at risk of premature pregnancy termination. METHOD OF STUDY: Peripheral Vdelta2+ cells from healthy pregnant women and from women at risk of premature pregnancy termination were tested for the KIR NKG2A and Annexin V positivity by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The percentage of viable Vdelta2+ T cells was higher, that of Vdelta1+ T cells was lower in women at risk of premature pregnancy termination than in healthy pregnant women. The percentage of NKG2A + Vdelta2+ T cells was significantly lower in pregnant women at risk of premature pregnancy termination than in normal pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest the involvement of gamma/delta T lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of premature pregnancy termination.     

Inhibitory NKG2A and activating NKG2D and NKG2C natural killer cell receptor genes: susceptibility for rheumatoid arthritis

The inhibitory (NKG2A) and activating (NKG2D and NKG2C) natural killer (NK) cell receptors are expressed on a subset of NK and T cells. They regulate the innate and adaptive immune systems related to cytotoxicity and cytokine production that are involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The role of inhibitory and activating NK cell receptor genes might contribute to chronic inflammation and destruction of bone and cartilage in RA. Therefore, we investigated the association of the NKG2A, NKG2C, and NKG2D genotypes with RA. NKG2A (KLRC1) NKG2C (KLRC2), and NKG2D (KLRK1, D12S249E) genes were genotyped in 210 unrelated patients with RA and 298 controls using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. We further investigated the relationships between the genotypes of each single nucleotide polymorphism and the presence of rheumatoid factor (RF), antinuclear antibody (ANA), and bony erosions in RA patients. The major NKG2A c.338-90*A/*A, NKG2C102*Ser/*Ser, and NKG2D72*Ala/*Ala genotypes in RA were significantly associated compared with controls [P = 0.013, odds ratio (OR) = 0.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.44-0.91; P < 0.0001, OR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.44-2.96; and P = 0.019, OR = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.45-0.93, respectively]. The minor NKG2A c.338-90*G/*G, NKG2C102*Phe/*Phe, and NKG2D72*Thr/*Thr genotypes showed a risk of RA (P = 0.010, OR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.17-3.54; P < 0.0001, OR = 0.2, 95% CI = 0.12-0.48; and P = 0.032, OR = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.05-5.01, respectively) compared with controls. No significance was observed between the inhibitory (NKG2A) or activating (NKG2C and NKG2D) receptor genotypes and the presence of RF, ANA, or bony erosions in RA.     

PD-L1 在胃癌患者手术前后外周血T 细胞和单核细胞上的表达及意义

目的:检测胃癌患者术前术后外周血细胞表面PD-L1的表达,探讨其表达改变及临床意义。方法:收集44例胃癌患者术前术后和18名健康志愿者外周血标本,流式细胞术检测CD3⁺ CD4⁺ T、CD3⁺ CD8⁺ T 细胞表面PD-1 和PD-L1 以及CD14⁺单核细胞表面PD-L1 的表达。结果:与健康志愿者相比,胃癌患者外周血CD4⁺ T 和CD8⁺ T 细胞表面PD-L1 表达无显著差异[(11.1±6.4)% vs (9.8±5.6)%,P =0.453 2;(13.9±12.0)% vs (12.0±7.1)%,P =0.558 9],而CD14⁺ 单核细胞表面PD-L1 表达水平显著增加[(29.2±16.7)% vs (17.5±9.7)%,P=0.007 3]。但胃癌患者术后CD4+ T 细胞和CD8⁺ T 细胞表面PD-L1 的表达均显著高于术前水平[(15.8±8.2)% vs (11.1±6.4)%,P= 0.001 5;(22.5±13.3)% vs (13.9±12.0)%,P =0.000 2],而术后外周血CD14+单核细胞PD-L1 表达水平并无显著变化[(33.8±17.3)% vs (29.2±16.7)%,P=0.082 8]。同时,胃癌患者手术前后外周血CD4⁺T 和CD8⁺T 细胞表面PD-1的表达无统计学差异[(25.6±9.9)% vs (26.9±8.9)%,P=0.505 5;(26.5±14.6)% vs (29.9±10.4)%,P=0.118 7]。结论:PD-L1 可作为监测原发性胃癌患者的免疫功能和预后评估的有效指标。