抗病毒治疗后慢性乙型重型肝炎预后分析

目的分析慢性乙型重型肝炎抗病毒后影响预后的因素,探讨慢性乙型重型肝炎治疗策略。方法通过回顾性观察153例慢性乙型重型肝炎的临床资料,包括年龄、性别、白蛋白(ALB)、总胆红素(TB)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、甲胎蛋白(AFP)、胆碱酯酶(CHE)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、乙肝病毒核酸(HBV DNA)载量、是否存在肝硬化和是否存在并发症等情况,采用Cox比例风险模型对可能影响其预后的因素进行单因素和多因素回归分析。结果其中年龄、TB、PT、是否存在肝硬化、是否存在并发症是影响预后的独立因素。结论年龄、TB、PT、是否存在肝硬化、是否存在并发症对患者的预后有相关。     

恩替卡韦联合血浆置换治疗慢性乙型重型肝炎的研究

目的初步探讨恩替卡韦联合血浆置换治疗慢性乙型重型肝炎患者的疗效。方法选取40例慢性乙型重型肝炎患者,在常规内科治疗及恩替卡韦0.5 mg/d抗病毒治疗基础上联合血浆置换治疗。同时选取38例慢重肝患者为对照组,给予常规内科治疗及恩替卡韦0.5 mg/d抗病毒治疗。比较2组患者在慢性乙型重型肝炎早、中和晚期存活率的差异。结果联合血浆置换组生存率为72.5%,而对照组生存率为50%(χ2=4.168,P=0.041)。其中,中期慢重肝患者联合血浆置换治疗,其生存率为72.2%,而对照组生存率为38.9%(χ2=4.050,P=0.044),早期和晚期慢重肝患者联合血浆置换治疗,其生存率与对照组比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论慢性乙型重型肝炎中期患者采用恩替卡韦联合血浆置换治疗能提高患者生存率。     

肝动脉栓塞化疗术对原发性肝癌伴 有不同类型肝炎后肝硬化患者预后的影响

目的:探讨肝动脉栓塞化疗(TACE)对原发性肝癌伴有不同肝炎后肝硬化类型患者术后肝功能、凝血功能及其对远期预后的影响。方法:2007年8月至2009年8月,131例曾行TACE的伴有不同肝炎后肝硬化原发性肝癌患者,以肝炎后肝硬化类别(乙肝、丙肝)分类,乙肝后肝硬化组为组1,丙肝后肝硬化组为组2,随访观察术后一年肝功能、凝血功能、血小板等的变化以及预后。两组研究因素采用SPSS17.0进行卡方检验,随访预后采用Kaplan-Meier方法计算生存率,Log-rank法检验生存差异。以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果:随访统计结果显示术后半年和一年AST、ALT、ALP、GGT、PT、PLT在两组间均无统计学差异,(P>0.05);组一半年、一年远处转移率同组二差异间无统计学意义;组一半年、一年生存率分别为70.1%,48.1%;组二半年、一年生存率分别为68.5%,58.9%,两组间同期生存率差异无统计学意义。(X2=0.039,P=0.884;X2=0.183,P=0.669)。结论:TACE治疗PHC安全可靠,对于伴有乙肝或丙肝后肝硬化患者术后肝功能、凝血功能、疗效及预后效果相当。     

促肝细胞生长素联合前列腺素E1治疗慢性乙型重型肝炎疗效观察

目的探讨促肝细胞生长素(PHGF)联合前列腺素E1(PGE1)在慢性乙型重型肝炎中的疗效.方法60例慢性乙型重型肝炎患者随机分为治疗组30例和对照组30例,对照组采用常规治疗,治疗组在常规治疗的基础上加用PGE1、PHGF,治疗前后分别检测肝功能、PT.结果治疗30 d后,治疗组显效率、死亡率、SB和PTA值分别为43.3%、36.7%、(120士102)μmol/L和(70±23)%,对照组分别为13.3%、63.3%、(202±87)μmol/L和(40±18%).2组间显效率、死亡率、SB及PTA值差异存在显著性(P＜0.01或0.05).结论 PGE1联合PHGF在治疗慢性乙型重型肝炎中有较好疗效.     

血小板参数、hs-CRP与免疫球蛋白联合检测对肝炎患者的临床意义

目的:探讨和研究血小板参数、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)与免疫球蛋白联合检测对肝炎患者的临床意义,为临床中肝炎患者的诊治提供参考。方法:收集各种病毒性肝炎患者共156例(急性肝炎组48例、慢性肝炎组56例、重型肝炎组24例和肝硬化组28例),选择40例健康体检者作为对照组,对5组研究对象的血小板参数((血小板计数(PLT)、平均血小板体积(MPC)、血小板压积(PCT)和血小板分布宽度(PDW))、血清超敏C反应蛋白和免疫球蛋白(IgA、IgG和IgM)水平进行检测和测定,并对这些指标的变化进行对比分析。结果:除重型肝炎组与肝硬化组的血小板计数(PLT),慢性肝炎组与重型肝炎组的PCT,急性肝炎组、肝硬化组与对照组3组间的PDW的差异无统计学意义外,任意两组之间的差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);各组肝炎患者的hs-CRP均比健康对照组显著升高(P0.01),且免疫球蛋白也较对照组差异有统计学意义。结论:肝炎患者的血小板参数、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)与免疫球蛋白水平可以提示肝炎病情的变化,三者的联合检测为指导肝炎患者的判断、治疗方案的选择和疗效评定提供有一定的参考依据。     

感染对重型病毒性肝炎预后的影响

重型病毒性肝炎 (重型肝炎 )极易发生细菌感染 ,感染又加重肝损害 ,最终导致多器官功能衰竭 ,预后不良。本文对我院自 1 996年 2月～ 2 0 0 2年 4月间收治的 98例重型肝炎患者进行回顾性分析 ,现总结如下。1　临床资料1 .1　一般资料　 98例重型肝炎中 ,男 69例 ,女 2 9例 ,年龄 1 5～ 67岁 ,平均年龄 35 .4岁 ,符合 1 995年全国传染病与寄生虫病学术会议修订的诊断标准 [1] 。继发感染组 45例中 ,急性重型肝炎 5例 ,亚急性重型肝炎 7例 ,慢性重型肝炎 33例。无继发感染组 5 3例 ,急性重型肝炎 4例 ,亚急性重型肝炎 8例 ,慢性重型肝炎 41例…     

血小板参数、hs—CRP与免疫球蛋白联合检测对肝炎患者的临床意义

目的：探讨和研究血小板参数、超敏C 反应蛋白（hs-CRP）与免疫球蛋白联合检测对肝炎患者的临床意义,为临床中肝炎患者的诊治提供参考。方法：收集各种病毒性肝炎患者共156 例（急性肝炎组48 例、慢性肝炎组56 例、重型肝炎组24 例和肝硬化组28 例）,选择40 例健康体检者作为对照组,对5 组研究对象的血小板参数（（血小板计数（PLT）、平均血小板体积（MPC）、血小板压积（PCT）和血小板分布宽度（PDW））、血清超敏C 反应蛋白和免疫球蛋白（IgA、IgG 和IgM）水平进行检测和测定,并对这些指标的变化进行对比分析。结果：除重型肝炎组与肝硬化组的血小板计数（PLT）,慢性肝炎组与重型肝炎组的PCT,急性肝炎组、肝硬化组与对照组3 组间的PDW 的差异无统计学意义外,任意两组之间的差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;各组肝炎患者的hs-CRP 均比健康对照组显著升高（P〈0.01）,且免疫球蛋白也较对照组差异有统计学意义。结论：肝炎患者的血小板参数、超敏C 反应蛋白（hs-CRP）与免疫球蛋白水平可以提示肝炎病情的变化,三者的联合检测为指导肝炎患者的判断、治疗方案的选择和疗效评定提供有一定的参考依据。     

老年营养风险指数对慢性心肾综合征患者预后评估的价值分析

目的：探讨老年营养风险指数（GNRI）对慢性心肾综合征（CRS）患者预后评估的价值分析。方法：选择2017年9月—2019年6月间在我院就诊的83例慢性CRS患者作为研究对象,计算患者的GNRI,以患者随访1年期间是否发生心血管不良定义为预后不良。观察患者GNRI和其他临床资料与患者预后不良的关系。结果：不同预后患者GNRI指数存在统计学差异（P＜0.05）。预后不良和预后良好患者性别、年龄、原发病和风险因素（冠心病、瓣膜病、扩张型心肌病、肺源性心脏病）等相比较差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,预后不良组收缩压、舒张压、心功能分级、NT-proBNP、Scr、尿酸、CysC水平高于预后良好组（P＜0.05）,预后不良组体质量指数、GFR、LVEF、白蛋白均低于预后良好组（P＜0.05）。多因素Logistic分析显示,中高营养风险是预后不良的风险因素（P＜0.05）,其他风险因素包括NT-proBNP、CysC（P＜0.05）,保护性因素包括LVEF（P＜0.05）。结论：GNRI与CRS患者预后相关,在预测CRS患者预后方面具有重要价值,值得临床推广应用。     

干扰素γ和白介素10在慢性乙型重型肝炎中的变化

目的：探讨INF-γ和IL-10在慢性乙型重型肝炎中的作用。方法：搜集不同患者血样,提取血清,使用ELISA方法检测不同患者不同时期的血清INF-γ和IL-10水平,并进行相关统计。结果：本研究发现,和其它肝炎对照组及健康对照组相比,慢性乙型重型肝炎患者的血清INF-γ水平显著升高,IL-10水平显著降低。尽管在不同预后的患者中,INF-γ水平差异并不明显,但是随着治疗生效,INF-γ水平会出现明显的下降。结论：慢性乙型重型肝炎和其它慢性肝炎相比,INF-γ和IL-10表达存在着差异,而且INF-γ可能是一种比较有效的监控慢性重型肝炎病程以及疗效的指标。     

干扰素γ和白介素10 在慢性乙型重型肝炎中的变化

目的:探讨INF-γ和IL-10在慢性乙型重型肝炎中的作用。方法:搜集不同患者血样,提取血清,使用ELISA方法检测不同患者不同时期的血清INF-γ和IL-10水平,并进行相关统计。结果:本研究发现,和其它肝炎对照组及健康对照组相比,慢性乙型重型肝炎患者的血清INF-γ水平显著升高,IL-10水平显著降低。尽管在不同预后的患者中,INF-γ水平差异并不明显,但是随着治疗生效,INF-γ水平会出现明显的下降。结论:慢性乙型重型肝炎和其它慢性肝炎相比,INF-γ和IL-10表达存在着差异,而且INF-γ可能是一种比较有效的监控慢性重型肝炎病程以及疗效的指标。     

慢性重型乙肝继发侵袭性真菌感染的研究

目的明确侵袭性真菌感染(invasive fungal infections,IFI)在慢性重型乙肝患者中发病情况及主要病因。方法依据IFI和乙肝诊断标准,筛选上海长征医院感染科慢性重症乙肝患者,60例IFI者为病例组,66例未发生IFI为对照组,进行回顾性分析。结果 IFI患病率47.62%,病死率40%。乙肝病毒DNA水平是最主要的危险因素,当DNA高于3.16×103copies/mL,IFI发病可能性增大。结论慢重肝患者IFI的患病率和病死率超出临床预期,降低DNA拷贝可延缓乙肝进展,在预防及治疗IFI中亦具积极意义。     

Detection of SEN virus in the general population and different risk groups in Slovakia

Sera of 426 adult persons were examined to assess the prevalence of SEN virus (SENV) infection in Slovakia and to determine the importance of different risk factors for parenteral transmission. SENV prevalence was determined by the PCR method using primers of SENV-D and SENV-H strains. Positive results were found in 10 of 37 patients with acute hepatitis of unknown etiology, 7 of 38 with acute hepatitis B, 17 of 44 with chronic hepatitis B, 29 of 102 with chronic hepatitis C, 36 of 72 hemodialysis patients, 2 of 33 health care workers and 24 of 100 persons from the control group. The highest prevalence of SENV was among hemodialysis patients, significantly higher than in the groups of health care workers, acute hepatitis B and controls. The lowest prevalence was in health care workers group, significantly lower also in comparison with groups of chronic hepatitis B and C. Among the possible risk factors of virus transmission the average duration of hemodialysis (1.15 vs. 0.50 years), number of surgeries (1.60 vs. 1.10) and transfusions (1.34 vs. 0.94) showed notable differences in terms of SENV infection. Bilirubin and aminotransferase levels did not differ between SENV-positive and -negative groups. No pathogenetic role of SEN virus in liver injury was confirmed.     

慢性乙肝患者的心理健康情况调查分析

目的:本文针对乙肝患者存在的心理障碍,提出相应的干预方法,为提高乙肝患者的心理健康水平及治疗效果提供理论依据。方法:选取2011年1月-2012年11月在我院接受治疗的慢性乙型肝炎患者80例作为研究组,另选取80位同期在我院接受体检的健康人群为对照组。针对两组对象的焦虑、抑郁、偏执等心理问题设计问卷调查,统计并分析调查结果。结果:观察组患者的焦虑及抑郁评分明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组中,病情重的患者焦虑及抑郁评分高于病情轻、中度的患者,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:慢性乙型肝炎患者的心理压力对治疗有影响,医护人员应积极的对乙肝患者进行心理疏导,帮助其树立自信、摆脱心理障碍,以积极的心态配合治疗,从而获得良好的疗效。     

Prognosis for the patients with chronic hepatitis B

The purpose of the research was to determine the influence of the hepatitis B virus on the progression of the chronic liver disease. In the present paper, 127 patients who were followed up for five years and who had histologically verified chronic liver disease, are described. Fifty two of them were carriers of HBsAg, 75 patients were HBsAg negative, but had other markers typical for a previous infection of HBV in the sera. All the patients were nonalcoholics and no drug addicts. In the sera of these 127 patients markers of HBV were prospectively followed up: HBsAg, HBeAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, anti-HBe, HBVDNA, antiHCV for C virus and anti-D for D virus. It was proved by these investigations that HBV provokes very severe chronic hepatitis: CAH (chronic active hepatitis) and CH (cirrhosis hepatis). It was also proved that HBV replicated in 44.20% patients, namely, HBVDNA was positive in the sera of those patients. In 26.08% of such patients the mutant form of HBV was present. In spite of progressive liver disease and without any antiviral therapy all the patients with chronic HBV cirrhosis hepatis were, after five year-follow-up, in Child-Pugh A grade. It was found that the patients who were HBsAg negative, but had one or more markers of HBV positive in the sera, had also a severe chronic hepatitis. That group of patients remains our object of further research. The five-years follow-up of all these patients demonstrates that it is necessary to find out an efficient medicament against HBV chronic hepatitis. Obligatory vaccination of the risk population against virus B remains the only prevention against this severe disease.     

Molecular aspects of hepatitis B viral infection and the viral carcinogenesis

Of many viral causes of human cancer, few are of greater global importance than the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Over 250 million people worldwide are persistently infected with HBV. A significant minority of these develop severe pathologic consequences, including chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Earlier epidemiological evidence suggested a link between chronic HBV infection and HCC. Further, the existence of related animal viruses that induce acute and chronic infections of the liver, and eventually HCC, confirms the concept that HBV belongs to one of the few human oncogenic viruses. Although it is clear that chronic HBV infections are major risk factors, relatively little is understood about how the viral factors contribute to hepatocarcinogenesis. This review will introduce molecular aspects of the viral infection, and highlight recent findings on the viral contribution to hepatocarcinogenesis.     

Frequency of detecting viral hepatitis B markers in the patients of a hemodialysis ward

The data, obtained as the result of the examination of 22 patients with chronic renal insufficiency and analysis of 105 samples of transfusion blood at the department of chronic hemodialysis, are presented. To detect the markers of hepatitis B (HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc), a complex of biochemical investigations was carried out with the use of counter-current immunoelectrophoresis, the passive hemagglutination test, enzyme immunoassay, and solid-phase radioimmunoassay. The markers of hepatitis B were detected in 72.6% of patients with chronic renal insufficiency and in 21% of healthy persons. Changes in the activity of biochemical characteristics of hepatic samples were detected only in one patient. In no case clinical symptoms of the disease were observed. Out of 105 samples of transfusion blood, 9.5% contained HBsAg. The results of our investigations indicate that the markers of hepatitis B are widely spread among patients with chronic renal insufficiency, which makes it possible to consider them as a "high risk group" with respect to hepatitis B infection. To decrease the risk of hepatitis B among patients with chronic renal insufficiency, it is very important that highly sensitive tests be introduced into practice for the selection of donors and the detection of patients with the asymptomatic forms of hepatitis B and carriers at the department of chronic hemodialysis.     

恩替卡韦治疗45例慢性乙型重型病毒性肝炎的疗效观察

目的:评价恩替卡韦治疗慢性乙型重型病毒性肝炎的临床疗效。方法:45例患者在常规治疗的基础上给予恩替卡韦0.5mg,每日1次口服;另47例给予拉米夫定100mg,每日1次口服,存活患者的治疗时间不少于6个月。结果:恩替卡韦组临床疗效总有效率为80.0%,显著高于拉米夫定组总有效率66.0%(P<0.05);总胆红素(TBIL)和谷丙转氨酶(ALT)分别由治疗前的378.2±36.3umol/L和546.8±56.5 U/L降至146.5±35.4μmol/L和46.5±21.5U/L,凝血酶原活动度(PTA)由治疗前的32.5±5.8%升至59.5±16.8%,均较拉米夫定组改善明显(P<0.05);恩替卡韦组的HBeAg和HBV-DNA转阴率分别为71.4和66.7%,明显高于拉米夫定组的47.6%和45.2%(P<0.05)。病死率分别为6.7%和10.6%,无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:恩替卡韦治疗慢性乙型重型肝炎患者在临床疗效、肝功能改善和抑制病毒复制方面均优于拉米夫定治疗者。