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1.
超高产水稻组合‘培矮64S/E32’的耐光氧化特性及其机理 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
甲基紫精(MV)介导的光氧化导致两个水稻品种‘汕优63’(目前我国大面积推广的杂交水稻)和‘培矮64S/E32’(新培育的超高产杂交水稻)细胞电解质渗漏率都增加,前者增加的量大于后者,显示‘培矮64S/E32’的细胞膜系统受光氧化的伤害小。光氧化条件下,‘培矮64S/E32’仍能维持较高的光合放氧能力(Amax,φi)、PSⅡ活性(Fv/Fm、φPSⅡ)和叶绿素荧光猝灭系数(qP、MPQ),而且光氧化引起‘培矮64S/E32’这些参数的下降幅度也小。另外,光氧化导致了两个水稻品种抗氧化酶SOD和APX活性增加,‘培矮64S/E32’增加的幅度约为‘汕优63’的3倍。结果 表明超高产水稻具有更强的耐光氧化能力。 相似文献
2.
水稻光温敏雄性不育系培矮64S的抽穗期基因型分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
利用抽穗期感光性近等基因系EG0—EG7、ER—LR及T65-T65m对培矮64S抽穗期基因型进行分析表明,培矮64S在E1、E、E3位点分别带有E1、e2、E3基因,在Se-1位点带无感光功能的Se-1^e基因,在Ef位点带有显性早熟基因Ef-1。进一步用抽穗期QTL近等基因系NIL(Hd1)和NIL(Hd4)进行的研究证实,培矮64S带有显性感光基因E1和无感光功能的Se-1^e基因。同时,用QTL近等基因系日本晴和NIL(Hd2)-NIL(Hd8)研究表明培矮64S带有能抑制E1基因表达的隐性感光抑制基因i-Se-1。文中对培矮64S广适性的遗传基础也进行了讨论。 相似文献
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为从蛋白质表达水平了解长穗颈温敏核不育水稻穗颈节间伸长机理,该研究以长穗颈(EUI)温敏核不育水稻‘长选3S’为材料,温敏核不育水稻‘培矮64S’为对照,采用固相pH梯度双向凝胶电泳和质谱分析方法,对2个水稻材料抽穗前2 d的穗颈节间蛋白质进行分离,并进行差异蛋白质组学的比较研究。结果表明:(1)获得了分辨率和重复性较好的双向凝胶电泳图谱。(2)对40个差异蛋白质点进行MALDI-TOF-TOF-MS肽质谱指纹图谱分析,成功鉴定其中27个差异蛋白质点;与‘培矮64S’相比,‘长选3S’中有17个上调表达和10个下调表达的蛋白质。(3)差异蛋白质按照其功能可分为6类,其中主要是与细胞代谢相关蛋白,其次是与细胞壁重建相关蛋白;并且这些差异蛋白质可能与‘长选3S’抽穗期穗颈节间剧烈伸长生长有关,尤其是细胞壁重建相关蛋白与细胞的伸长密切相关。(4)实时荧光定量PCR对随机挑选的蛋白点2、7、8、24、35和36所对应的基因在两个材料最上节间的表达结果显示,‘长选3S’的2(Os10g08550)、7(Os12g42876)、8(Os01g55830)基因的表达量较‘培矮64S’明显下调,而24(Os06g48760)、35(Os05g25850)、36(Os07g42300)基因的表达量较‘培矮64S’显著上调,表明q-PCR的结果与蛋白凝胶图分析结果一致。研究认为,水稻eui基因可能是通过调节抽穗期穗颈节间这些蛋白质的表达,从而促进穗颈节间细胞分裂,尤其是细胞的伸长生长。 相似文献
4.
水稻两用核不育系培矮64S花药培养条件的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了水稻培矮64S花药培养的几个条件,认为低温预处理天数以7~8d为宜,诱导愈伤组织的培养基宜采用N6或SK3. 相似文献
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温敏雄性不育水稻培矮64S花药发育过程中钙的变化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用焦锑酸钾沉淀法研究了温敏雄性不育水稻(Oryza sativa L.)培矮64S在高温引起雄性不育与正常可育花药发育过种中Ca2+的分布变化.结果表明,当培矮64S生长在较高温度条件下引起雄性不育,与可育花药相比,不育花粉母细胞中有较多的液泡、较多的Ca2+沉积和较少的线粒体,并且有较多的Ca2+沉积在不育花药的中间层、表皮层和绒毡层中.到四分体与单细胞花粉时期,不育花药的木质部细胞的次生加厚壁上有较多的Ca2+沉淀,连接组织中的Ca2+沉淀也大大增加,所有不育花粉外壁较厚而发育都不正常.在单核细胞早期,不育花粉的四分体细胞中有较明显的大液泡出现.不育花药中的Ca2+在花药发育的各时期均比可育花药要多.这些结果说明在高温生长条件下,花粉母细胞发育的异常、花药中Ca2+沉积的增加、绒毡层与花粉外壁发育的异常可能与培矮64S花粉败育相关. 相似文献
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为探讨水稻(Oryza sativa L.)中CPR5 基因的功能,以其cDNA 文库为基础进行序列比对,并将1 个同源性较高的序列命名为OsCPR5.生物信息学分析表明,OsCPR5 的开放阅读框长度为1551 bp,编码516 个氨基酸.软件预测该编码蛋白可能是1 个具有5 个跨膜区的膜蛋白和核定位蛋白.组织表达和亚细胞定位分析表明,OsCPR5 在根中的表达水平较高,且广泛分布在细胞膜、细胞质和细胞核上.逆境胁迫分析实验表明,植物激素脱落酸(Abscisic acid, ABA)、过氧化氢(Hydrogen peroxide,H2O2)、氯化钠(NaCl)、甲基紫精(Methyl viologen, MV)等环境胁迫可诱导OsCPR5 的上调表达,其中氧化胁迫相关的MV 和H2O2 处理效果最为明显.拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)转基因株系atcpr5/OsCPR5 在浓度为0.5 μmol L-1、 1.0 μmol L-1 的MV以及6 mmol L-1、 8 mmol L-1 的H2O2 处理下,种子萌发率明显高于atcpr5 突变体.这揭示了OsCPR5 基因在植物抗氧化胁迫响应中具有一定的作用. 相似文献
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为了解水稻淡黄绿叶色突变体‘标810S’的光保护机制,在自然强光条件下对突变体‘标810S’及其野生型‘810S’连体剑叶经5mmol/L甲基紫精(MV)处理后的光氧化特性进行了比较研究。结果表明,在MV处理条件下,突变体‘标810S’剑叶净光合速率(Pn)、PSⅡ最大光化学量子产量(Fv/Fm)、PSⅡ实际光化学量子产量(ФPSⅡ)和光化学淬灭(qP)下降幅度明显低于野生型‘810S’,而非光化学淬灭(qN)上升幅度及PSⅠ和PSⅡ活性则明显高于‘810S’;同时,‘标810S’剑叶抗坏血酸(AsA)、还原型谷光甘肽(GSH)含量以及超氧物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)等抗氧化酶活性均明显高于‘810S’,而超氧阴离子(O-·2)产生速率、膜脂过氧化物丙二醛(MDA)含量则明显低于‘810S’。研究认为,在光氧化处理下淡黄绿叶色突变体‘标810S’是通过增加热耗散、提高抗氧化物质含量和保护酶活性、减少超氧阴离子和丙二醛的积累来维持较高的光系统活性和光合能力,从而表现出耐光抑制(光氧化)的生理特性。 相似文献
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培矮64s/E32在广州早季种植的生育特性初探 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
培矮64s/E32于1998年早季在广州进行试种试验。该组合株高115.8cm,秆高105.4cm,叶片厚直,呈瓦状,叶色较深;后期上部三片功能叶平均长度53.8cm,开张角度较小,不早衰,显示出良好的株型;其全生育期为139d,属华南早籼稻的中熟组合类型。在单株植、土壤肥力中下条件下,有效穗为210万/hm2,分蘖力偏弱,穗较大,单穗湿重为 5.42 g,结实率 80.6%,千粒重21.2g,收获指数中等,为 0.537,实收产量为7650 kg hm-2。 相似文献
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水稻IR36及光温敏核雄性不育系培矮64S小孢子母细胞减数分裂期间微管骨架的变化 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
对水稻(Oryza sativa L.)IR36及光温敏核雄性不育系培矮64S小孢子母细胞减数分裂期间微管骨架的变化的研究显示,微管在小孢子母细胞正常发育的情况下,每一个发育阶段(即造孢细胞时期、细线期、偶线期、粗线期、双线期、终变期、中期Ⅰ、后期Ⅰ)都出现不同的组织结构形态和分布。在IR36中,还发现了一些新的和特殊的 管组织结构和分布。主要包括:(1)在细线期,从核膜向胞质射的微管呈螺旋状,显示核具旋转功能;(2)在偶线期,微管的分布呈极性分布现象;(3)在终变期,核被一组微管形成的宽带围绕着(perinuclear broad band)。而培矮64S小孢子母细胞分裂期间,各发育阶段的细胞内的;管管骨架结构呈现许多不正常现象。如:(1)在偶线期具极性分布的微管分布不存在;(2)在小孢子母细胞减数分裂期间的细胞内出现许多特别粗的微管束;(3)在终变期围绕核的微管宽带结构松散及内含微管密度低。由于微管骨架的分布变化可以使人们较早地在雄性不育细胞内看到败育现象,故此微管的分布和构型变化应可作为一个早期确立雄性不育现象的视觉标记(visual marker)或形态指标予以利用。 相似文献
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超级稻培矮64S/E32(F1)及其亲本(父本‘E32’和母本‘培矮64S’)的剑叶在不同温度(28、35、40℃ 和45℃)恒温水浴中保温1 h,随着处理温度的升高,F1除了较其亲本有更稳定的光合色素Chl外,还有明显 增加的Car/Chl,相对高的热稳蛋白含量,高而且稳定的总的抗氧化能力。F1在高温下也有较亲本高的光合 能力。高温下,线性电子传递过程比光化学过程对温度更敏感,F1有比亲本更敏感的调节机制,Pn下降比 ΦPSⅡ、Fv/Fm下降快说明光合限制步骤可能主要是位于光合碳同化而不是光化学和光合电子传递过程。 相似文献
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It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis. 相似文献
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Lina Rustanti Hongping Jin Dongsheng Li Mary Lor Haran Sivakumaran David Harrich 《中国病毒学》2018,33(2):142-152
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Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme
responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare
the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show
that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by
distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of
demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least
one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of
the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable
potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs. 相似文献
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正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases 相似文献
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RICHARD E. NORRIS 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》1991,106(1):1-40
Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera. 相似文献
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JOAN VALUÈS MONTSERRAT TORRELL NÚRIA GARCIA JACAS 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2001,137(4):399-407
Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted. 相似文献
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The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle. 相似文献