黄连上清胶囊联合康复新液治疗口腔种植体周围软组织炎的临床研究

摘要 目的：观察黄连上清胶囊联合康复新液治疗口腔种植体周围软组织炎（PI）的临床治疗效果。方法：选择兰州大学第二医院2018年3月~2021年5月期间收治的口腔PI患者100例作为观察对象,所有患者根据双色球法分为对照组（50例）和观察组（50例）,对照组患者接受康复新液治疗,观察组患者接受黄连上清胶囊联合康复新液治疗,对比两组疗效、牙周功能指标、血清细胞因子和不良反应。结果：观察组的临床总有效率高于对照组（P<0.05）。两组不良反应发生率对比无差异（P>0.05）。治疗后,两组龈沟出血指数（SBI）、菌斑指数（PLI）、附着丧失（AL）、探诊深度（PD）减小,且观察组低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组白介素-1β（IL-1β）、白介素-6（IL-6）和单核细胞趋化因子（MCP-1）水平下降,且观察组低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：黄连上清胶囊联合康复新液治疗口腔PI,可促进牙周功能恢复,减轻种植体周围炎症,安全可靠。     

补阳还五汤联合西药治疗小儿过敏性紫癜性肾炎的疗效及对机体血管内皮功能的影响研究

摘要 目的：探讨补阳还五汤联合西药治疗小儿过敏性紫癜性肾炎的疗效及对机体血管内皮功能的影响。方法：选取我院2019年1月到2022年12月收治的86例过敏性紫癜性肾炎患儿作为研究对象,分为观察组与对照组,每组43例。对照组患儿采取常规西药治疗,观察组患儿采取补阳还五汤联合西药常规治疗,对比两组患儿临床疗效,并对比治疗前与治疗3个月后患儿的肾功能变化、炎症因子水平变化、血管内皮功能与凝血功能变化。结果：观察组治疗总有效率较对照组高（P＜0.05）;两组患儿治疗前明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白（NGAL）、血肌酐（SCr）、血尿素氮（BUN）对比无差异（P＞0.05）,治疗后两组患儿NGAL、SCr、BUN水平均升高,观察组较对照组高（P＜0.05）;两组患儿治疗前转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）、白细胞介素-18（IL-18）和白细胞介素-6（IL-6）相关炎症因子水平对比无差异（P＞0.05）,治疗后观察组患儿TGF-β1、IL-18和IL-6相关炎症因子水平低于对照组（P＜0.05）;两组患儿治疗前D-二聚体、纤维蛋白原（FIB）、一氧化氮（NO）和内皮素-1（ET-1）水平对比无差异（P＞0.05）,治疗后观察组患儿D-二聚体、FIB和ET-1水平均降低,且观察组低于对照组,NO水平升高,观察组较对照组高（P＜0.05）。结论：补阳还五汤联合西药治疗小儿过敏性紫癜性肾炎临床疗效显著,能够改善患儿肾功能,降低机体炎症反应,提升凝血功能的同时,进一步改善患儿血管内皮功能,值得临床应用推广。     

通乳围刺法联合抗生素治疗哺乳期乳腺炎效果及对患者疼痛程度、炎症因子的影响

摘要 目的：探讨通乳围刺法联合抗生素治疗哺乳期乳腺炎效果及对患者疼痛程度、炎症因子的影响。方法：选取我院2019年1月到2022年12月收治的80例哺乳期乳腺炎患者作为研究对象,分为观察组与对照组,每组40例。对照组采取常规抗生素治疗,观察在采取通乳围刺法联合抗生素治疗,对比两组患者临床疗效,治疗前及治疗7 d后中医证候积分变化,不同时间视觉模拟量表（VAS）评分及疼痛消退时间,治疗前及治疗7 d后炎症因子水平变化。结果：与对照组相比,观察组治疗总有效率较高（P<0.05）;治疗前两组患者恶寒发热、局部皮肤灼热、乳房胀痛、乳房结块症状积分对比无差异（P＞0.05）,治疗后两组患者恶寒发热、局部皮肤灼热、乳房胀痛、乳房结块症状积分均降低,且观察组低于对照组（P＜0.05）;治疗前两组患者VAS评分对比无差异（P＞0.05）,治疗后1 d、治疗后3 d、6 d两组患者逐渐降低,且与对照组相比,观察组较低（P＜0.05）,观察组疼痛消退时间低于对照组（P＜0.05）;两组患者治疗前白细胞计数（WBC）、降钙素原（PCT）、超敏C反应蛋白（hsCRP）表达水平对比无差异（P＞0.05）,治疗后两组均降低,且与对照组相比,观察组较低（P＜0.05）。结论：通乳围刺法联合抗生素治疗哺乳期乳腺炎能够提升其临床疗效,减轻患者恶寒发热、局部皮肤灼热、乳房胀痛、乳房结块等症状,减轻疼痛感与疼痛持续时间,降低患者机体炎症因子水平,值得临床应用推广。     

奥利司他联合维生素E对肥胖多囊卵巢综合征不孕患者的代谢指标及免疫功能的影响

摘要 目的：探讨奥利司他联合维生素E对肥胖多囊卵巢综合征不孕患者的代谢指标及免疫功能的影响 。方法：选取2018年9月至2020年12月于我院进行多囊卵巢综合征治疗的61例患者,将其随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组31例,对照组30例。对照组采用常规治疗,观察组采用奥利司他联合维生素E治疗。比较两组患者空腹胰岛素（FINS)、空腹血糖（FPG)、三酰甘油（TG),免疫球蛋白（IgA、IgM、IgG)水平,排卵率、妊娠率、卵泡未破裂黄素化综合征（LUFS) 率。结果：两组患者经治疗3个月后,FINS、FPG、TG代谢指标均有所变化,且变化规律一致,组间比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05 );治疗前,两组IgA、IgM、IgG水平对比,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05);治疗3个月后,两组IgA、IgM、IgG水平均明显高于治疗前（P＜0.05) ,且观察组明显高于对照组（P＜0.05) ;观察组排卵率、妊娠率均明显高于对照组（P＜0.05) ,LUFS率明显低于对照组（P＜0.05)。结论：应用奥利司他联合维生素E治疗肥胖多囊卵巢综合征不孕患者,可有效改善患者代谢水平,提高免疫功能,提高患者的排卵率、妊娠率,降低LUFS率,可应用于临床。     

低剂量米非司酮联合戈舍瑞林注射液治疗子宫肌瘤患者效果及对性激素水平的影响

摘要 目的：探讨低剂量米非司酮联合戈舍瑞林注射液治疗子宫肌瘤患者效果及对性激素水平的影响。方法：选取我院2020年1月到2022年1月收治的90例子宫肌瘤患者,分为对照组、观察A组、观察组B组,每组30例。对照组患者给予戈舍瑞林治疗,观察A组给予常规剂量米非司酮联合戈舍瑞林治疗,观察B组给予低剂量米非司酮联合戈舍瑞林治疗,对比三组患者临床治疗效果,血清促卵泡生成素（FSH）、孕激素（P）、雌二醇（E₂）相关性激素水平,降钙素原（PCT）、C反应蛋白（CRP）炎症因子水平以及不良反应情况。结果：三组患者总有效率对比差异显著,观察A组与观察B组较对照组高（P＜0.05）,但观察A组与观察B组对比无差异（P＞0.05）;三组患者治疗前血清FSH、P、E₂相关性激素水平对比无差异（P＞0.05）,治疗后三组均降低,且观察A组与观察B组较对照组低（P＜0.05）,但观察A组与观察B组对比无差异（P＞0.05）;治疗后三组患者CRP、PCT相关炎症因子水平均降低,且观察组低于对照组（P＜0.05）,且观察A组与观察B组较对照组低（P＜0.05）,但观察A组与观察B组对比无差异（P＞0.05）;三组患者不良反应发生率对比差异显著,且观察B组和对照组明显低于观察A组（P＞0.05）。结论：米非司酮联合戈舍瑞林注射液治疗子宫肌瘤疗效显著,均能改善患者炎症反应与性激素水平,但采取低剂量米非司酮联合戈舍瑞林患者不良反应较低,且同时疗效显著,值得临床应用推广。     

免疫增强型肠内营养对老年重症肺炎患者营养状态、肺功能及体液免疫指标的影响

摘要 目的：探讨免疫增强型肠内营养对老年重症肺炎（SP）患者营养状态、肺功能及体液免疫指标的影响。方法：选取我院2021年1月至2023年1月104例老年SP患者作为研究对象,按随机抽签法随机分为对照组和观察组各52例,对照组采用常规肠内营养支持,观察组采用免疫增强型肠内营养支持。比较两组组患者症状及体征恢复时间,治疗前后的病情严重程度、肺炎严重指数、肺功能、营养状态、体液免疫指标。结果：观察组发热、咳嗽、肺部啰音、X线阴影消失时间短于对照组（P＜0.05）;治疗后观察组急性生理与慢性健康评估（APACHE Ⅱ）评分低于对照组（P＜0.05）;治疗后观察组肺炎危险分级优于对照组（P＜0.05）;治疗后观察组总蛋白（TP）、前白蛋白（PA）、白蛋白（ALB）、转铁蛋白（TRF）水平高于对照组（P＜0.05）;治疗后观察组肺动态顺应性（Cdyn）高于对照组,气道阻力（R）低于对照组（P＜0.05）;治疗后观察组免疫球蛋白A（IgA）、免疫球蛋白M（IgM）、免疫球蛋白G（IgG）、补体C3、补体C4水平高于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论：免疫增强型肠内营养支持能加速老年SP患者临床症状及体征缓解,改善其病情、肺炎严重程度及肺功能,提升患者的免疫能力和营养水平,有一定临床应用价值。     

清热化痰、宣肺解痉法治疗支气管哮喘的临床疗效及对气道呼吸参数、生活质量的影响

摘要 目的：探讨清热化痰、宣肺解痉法治疗支气管哮喘的临床疗效及对气道呼吸参数、生活质量的影响。方法：选取我院2019年10月到2021年9月收治的60例支气管哮喘患者作为研究对象,分为观察组与对照组,每组30例。对照组予吸入布地奈德福莫特罗粉吸入剂,观察组在对照组基础上增加清热化痰宣肺解痉法治疗,对比两组患者临床疗效,治疗前与治疗1个月后的中医证候积分变化,气道呼吸参数变化,炎症因子以及生活质量变化。结果：观察组总有效率较对照组高（P<0.05）;两组患者治疗前中医证候积分对比无差异（P＞0.05）,治疗后降低,且观察组低于对照组（P＜0.05）;两组患者治疗前第1秒用力呼气容积（FEV₁）、用力肺活量（FVC）、第1s用力呼气量/用力肺活量（FEV₁/FVC）最大呼气流速（PEF）对比无明显差异（P＞0.05）,治疗后两组患者FVC、FEV₁、FEV₁/ FVC、PEF均有提升,且观察组高于对照组（P＜0.05）;两组患者治疗前肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）、基质金属蛋白-9（MMP-9）、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）、干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）、白细胞介素-4（IL-4）水平对比无明显差异（P＞0.05）,治疗后两组患者TNF-α、TGF-β1、MMP-9、VEGF、IFN-γ、IL-4水平均明显降低,且观察组低于对照组（P＜0.05）;两组患者治疗前生活质量评分对比无差异（P＞0.05）,治疗后1个月生活质量相关评分均降低,且观察组较对照组低（P＜0.05）。结论：支气管哮喘患者在常规西医治疗基础上增加清热化痰宣肺解痉法治疗可减轻患者症状。另外可改善患者呼吸功能,降低炎症因子反应,提升患者生活质量。     

特罗凯靶向治疗联合培美曲塞和顺铂对非小细胞肺癌患者血清肿瘤标志物、免疫球蛋白和T淋巴细胞亚群的影响

摘要 目的：探讨特罗凯靶向治疗联合培美曲塞和顺铂对非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者血清肿瘤标志物、免疫球蛋白和T淋巴细胞亚群的影响。方法：选取2018年2月~2020年2月期间我院接收的NSCLC患者80例,采用抽签法分为对照组、观察组两组,各40例。对照组给予培美曲塞和顺铂化疗方案治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合特罗凯靶向治疗,对比两组总有效率、血清肿瘤标志物、免疫球蛋白、T淋巴细胞亚群及不良反应发生率。结果：对比两组不良反应无差异（P>0.05）。治疗3个疗程后,对照组、观察组的临床总有效率分别为37.50%、60.00%,观察组的总有效率高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗3个疗程,观察组CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺高于对照组,CD8⁺低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗3个疗程,观察组免疫球蛋白G（IgG）、免疫球蛋白A（IgA）、免疫球蛋白M（IgM）高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗3个疗程,观察组细胞角蛋白19片段（CYFRA21-1）、糖类抗原50（CA50）、癌胚抗原（CEA）低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：特罗凯靶向治疗联合培美曲塞和顺铂治疗NSCLC患者,疗效较好,可能与该方案可降低患者血清肿瘤标志物含量、调节免疫应答等因素有关。     

视网膜光凝术联合雷珠单抗治疗新生血管青光眼的疗效及对血液流变学和房水炎性因子的影响

摘要 目的：探讨新生血管青光眼采用视网膜光凝术联合雷珠单抗治疗的疗效及对房水炎性因子和血液流变学的影响。方法：选取我院2015年2月～2017年5月收治的172例（180眼）新生血管青光眼患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为两组,对照组患者85例（88眼）,采用视网膜光凝术进行治疗,观察组患者87例（92眼）,采用视网膜光凝术联合雷珠单抗进行治疗,对比两组治疗后虹膜新生血管消退情况及消退时间,治疗前后眼压变化情况和静脉循环时间、眼部光学相干断层扫描（OCT）、血液流变学、房水炎性因子检测结果与不良反应发生情况。结果：观察组虹膜新生血管消失率为95.65%,高于对照组的80.68%（P＜0.05）;与对照组对比,观察组虹膜新生血管消退时间更短（P＜0.05）;与对照组对比,观察组治疗后眼压更低,静脉循环时间更短（P＜0.05）;与对照组对比,观察组治疗后视野缺损值更小,视网膜神经纤维层（RNFL）厚度更厚（P＜0.05）;治疗后观察组血浆黏度(PV)、红细胞压积( HCT)、血小板黏附率(PAdT)水平均低于对照组（P＜0.05）;治疗后观察组房水炎性因子水平包括白介素-1β(IL-1β)、白介素-6(IL-6)、单核细胞趋化蛋白1(MCP-1)水平均低于对照组（P＜0.05）;对照组不良反应发生率为9.09%,与观察组的10.87%对比无统计学差异（P＞0.05）。结论：新生血管青光眼采用视网膜光凝术联合雷珠单抗治疗的疗效理想,可改善患者的血液流变学指标,降低房水炎性因子水平,且安全性高。     

一次性根管治疗联合清胃散口服对牙髓炎的治疗效果及对疼痛程度影响

摘要 目的：探讨一次性根管治疗联合清胃散口服对牙髓炎的治疗效果及对疼痛程度影响。方法：选取我院2021年1月到2022年12月收治的120例牙髓炎患者，分为观察组与对照组，各60例。对照组患者应用一次性根管治疗，观察组患者应用一次性根管联合清胃散口服治疗，对比两组患者的临床治疗效果，治疗前后咀嚼功能与疼痛程度，白细胞计数（WBC）、降钙素原（PCT）、C反应蛋白（CRP）相关炎症因子水平，并对比两组患者的菌斑指数（PLI），龈沟出血指数（SBI）、龈沟探诊深度（SPD）、牙龈指数（GI）相关牙周健康指标水平。结果：观察组总有效率为93.33%明显高于对照组总有效率80.00%（P<0.05）；两组患者治疗前咀嚼功能评分与视觉模拟量表（VAS）评分对比无差异（P＞0.05），治疗后咀嚼功能评分均升高，观察组较对照组高，VAS评分降低，观察组较对照组低（P＜0.05）；两组患者治疗前WBC、PCT、CRP水平对比无差异（P＞0.05），治疗后均降低，观察组较对照组低（P＜0.05）；两组患者治疗前GI、SPD、SBI、PLI水平对比无差异（P＞0.05），治疗后均降低，观察组较对照组低（P＜0.05）。结论：一次性根管治疗联合清胃散口服能够改善牙髓炎的临床疗效，提升患者咀嚼功能，减轻疼痛程度，降低机体炎症因子水平，同时能够进一步改善患者牙周健康程度，值得临床应用推广。     

Anthropology and genetics of the caucasus peoples and the problem of the origin of the caucasoids

The electrophoretical polymorphisms of some blood proteins were studied in the Talysh population of Pirasora situated in South-East Azerbaidjan. We calculated the gene frequencies of these polymorphisms and determined the genetic distances between the Talyshes and some Iranian populations of North, Central and South Iran, Afghans, and three populations of Azerbaijan. The Talyshes are very close to Iranians of Shiraz, whereas they are distant from the Azerbaijanians. Anthropological investigations showed that the Caucasoids and Mongoloids lived in the Aragvi Basin since the Eneolithic period. This was stated by Alexeev (1974), who emphasized the mixture of the Caucasus populations from ancient times on. We calculated the genetic distances between the Caucasus populations and numerous populations of other geographic regions, considering 28 alleles of 12 loci of blood group, serum protein and red cell enzyme polymorphisms and constructed the dendrogram of these populations. The position of the Caucasus populations in the dendrogram corresponds on principle to the earlier anthropological observations. The clustering of the Caucasoid populations corresponds completely with anthropological and historical data, and supports our earlier hypothesis (Nazarova 1999) concerning the differentiation of Caucasoids, Northern Mongoloids and Amerinds from the populations, which inhabitated Asia in palaeolithic times.     

Serology and systematics of the Ebenales and the Theales

The systematic position ofthe Ebenaceae, Sapotaceae, Styracaceae, Ochnaceae, Stachyuraceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Clusiaceae and Hypericaceae has been investigated using serological comparisons of sets of antigenic determinants. The results show that the Sytracaceae and Sapotaceae are undoubtedly more closely associated with the Actinidiaeceae and Theaceae, respectively, than with each other. We found no corresponding determinants betnween antigen systems from the Ebenaceae and systems from any other family whose relations to this family have been proposed. As discovered previously, investigations of antigen systems from the Ochnaceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Stachyuraceae, Clusiaceae and Hypericaceae are against the idea of a natural order “Theales” in which these families, or at least some of them, are combined with the Theaceae and Actinidiaceae. This paper completes our previous investigations which largely support a superorder Ericanae sensu Ehrendorfer and Takhtajan. We propose to include the Actinidiaceae and Theaceae in this superorder, assigning them a central position laong with the Sapotaceae and Sytracaeae on one side and the Primulales and Ericales on the other. Another most interesting finding is that there are corresponding determinants between antigen systems from the members of the Ericanae and representatives of the Polemoniaceae and Loasaceae.     

On the structure and dynamics of the complex of the nucleosome and the linker histone

Several different models of the linker histone (LH)–nucleosome complex have been proposed, but none of them has unambiguously revealed the position and binding sites of the LH on the nucleosome. Using Brownian dynamics-based docking together with normal mode analysis of the nucleosome to account for the flexibility of two flanking 10 bp long linker DNAs (L-DNA), we identified binding modes of the H5-LH globular domain (GH5) to the nucleosome. For a wide range of nucleosomal conformations with the L-DNA ends less than 65 Å apart, one dominant binding mode was identified for GH5 and found to be consistent with fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) experiments. GH5 binds asymmetrically with respect to the nucleosomal dyad axis, fitting between the nucleosomal DNA and one of the L-DNAs. For greater distances between L-DNA ends, docking of GH5 to the L-DNA that is more restrained and less open becomes favored. These results suggest a selection mechanism by which GH5 preferentially binds one of the L-DNAs and thereby affects DNA dynamics and accessibility and contributes to formation of a particular chromatin fiber structure. The two binding modes identified would, respectively, favor a tight zigzag chromatin structure or a loose solenoid chromatin fiber.     

人类基因组及后基因组研究进展及其应用与开发研究现状

人类对自身基因组的研究,随着人类基因组工作草图的绘制完成和对基因功能研究的深入已加快进入了实质性、关键性的开发利用阶段。本文概述了人类基因组及后基因组的研究进展及依此开展基因治疗及基因（组）药物研制等应用开发研究的现状。     

Kinematics and dynamics of the temporomandibular joint and of the movements of the mandible

In order to analyze the complicated movements of the mandible as the open-closing movement and the protrusio are, it is useful to evaluate the basic kinematic principles and reduce them to simple technical constructions. Both the open-closing movement and the protrusio could be reduced to 4-bar links, which were used to simulate the movements with help of a computer. Besides, the polodes and the curves of points in the muscular attachments could be constructed. The 2 entirely different 4-bar links have 3 things in common: The resting system - cranium, the moving system - mandibula, and 1 of the 2 arms connecting these 2 systems - the ligamentum laterale. As this ligament is taut during movements it can be considered a "guiding ligament" representing 1 of the 3 determining components of the mandibular movements. The other of the 2 arms has no anatomical equivalent; this arm, however, is "replaced" by the 2 other determining components of the mandibular movements: the joint and the muscles. The curves, which the Caput mandibulae describes, are practically identical for the open-closing movement and the protrusio despite of the different 4-bar links and these curves exactly correspond to the Discus articularis, taut by the upper part of the M. pterygoideus lateralis. The muscles do not only just move the mandibula, but they are also the component, which can choose between the different mandibular movements. By means of the curves, which points in the muscular attachments describe, the function of the masticatory muscles could be analyzed exactly.     

Biophysics and Structure of the Patch and the Gigaseal

Interpreting channel behavior in patches requires an understanding of patch structure and dynamics, especially in studies of mechanosensitive channels. High resolution optical studies show that patch formation occurs via blebbing that disrupts normal membrane structure and redistributes in situ components including ion channels. There is a 1-2 μm region of the seal below the patch where proteins are excluded and this may consist of extracted lipids that form the gigaseal. Patch domes often have complex geometries with inhomogeneous stresses due to the membrane-glass adhesion energy (E_a), cytoskeletal forces, and possible lipid subdomains. The resting tension in the patch dome ranges from 1-4 mN/m, a significant fraction of the lytic tension of a bilayer (∼10 mN/m). Thus, all patch experiments are conducted under substantial, and uneven, resting tension that may alter the kinetics of many channels. E_a seems dominated by van der Waals attraction overlaid with a normally repulsive Coulombic force. High ionic strength pipette saline increased E_a and, surprisingly, increased cytoskeletal rigidity in cell-attached patches. Low pH pipette saline also increased E_a and reduced the seal selectivity for cations, presumably by neutralizing the membrane surface charge. The seal is a negatively charged, cation selective, space with a resistance of ∼7 gigohm/μm in 100 mM KCl, and the high resistivity of the space may result from the presence of high viscosity glycoproteins. Patches creep up the pipette over time with voltage independent and voltage dependent components. Voltage-independent creep is expected from the capillary attraction of E_a and the flow of fresh lipids from the cell. Voltage-dependent creep seems to arise from electroosmosis in the seal. Neutralization of negative charges on the seal membrane with low pH decreased the creep rate and reversed the direction of creep at positive pipette potentials.     

The efficacy of ropivacaine and bupivacaine in the caesarean section and the effect on the vital signs and the hemodynamics of the lying-in women

ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy of ropivacaine and bupivacaine in caesarean section and vital signs and the hemodynamics of the lying-in women.MethodsA total of 480 lying-in women who were admitted to this hospital for treatment between December 2017 and June 2018 were enrolled into this study as the subjects, which were divided into the experiment group and the control group, with 240 subjects in each group. In the experiment group, subjects received the local anesthesia by infusion of 1.5 mL ropivacaine (0.75%), while those in the control group also took the local anesthesia by infusion of 1.5 mL bupivacaine (0.75%). Thereafter, we observed the differences in the anesthetic efficiency, vital signs and hemodynamics of the lying-in women between two groups.ResultsThe excellent and good rates of the anesthesia in two groups were 92.1% and 87.9%, showing no obvious difference; in the experiment group, the average arterial pressures and systolic pressures at 5 min and 10 min after combined spinal and epidural analgesia (CSEA) were all elevated when comparing to the control group (all P < 0.05); in the experiment group, the onset time was obviously extended, while duration of sensory and motor block and the duration of motor block were all shorter than those in the control group (all P < 0.05). During anesthesia, the incidence rate of the adverse reactions in the control group was 2.50%, significantly higher than 0.83% in the experiment group (P < 0.05).ConclusionDespite that ropivacaine and bupivacaine are efficient in anesthesia in the CSEA in the caesarean section, ropivacaine is more recommended for little influence on the hemodynamics, shorter duration of sensory block and motor block and low incidence rate of adverse reactions, which are conducive to the recovery and also safe to the patients.