青霉胞外菊粉酶的纯化和性质研究

青霉菌（ＰｅｎｉｃｉｌｌｉｕｍＳＰ．９１－４）产生的胞外菊粉酶（ｅｘｔｒａｃｅｌｌｕｌａｒｉｎｕｌｉｎａｓｅ）粗酶液,经硫酸铵沉淀,超滤浓缩,Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ－Ｇ－１００凝胶过滤,ＤＥＡＥ－Ｓｅｐｈａｃｅｌ离子交换柱层析等步骤,得到提纯３０倍的酶Ｅ。酶Ｅ反应时最适ｐＨ４．５,最适温度为５０℃,在ｐＨ４．７～７．６范围内,温度５０℃以下酶Ｅ活性稳定;其活性受Ａｇ＾＋,Ｃｕ＾２＋ＰＣＭＢ强烈抑制。采用     

海枣曲霉β—木糖苷酶的提纯和性质

从海枣曲霉麦麸培养物抽提液中,通过聚乙二醇６０００－磷酸钾缓冲液双水相分离,相继用Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ Ｇ－１００凝胶过滤、ＤＥＡＥ－Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ Ａ－５０离子交换柱层析、羟基磷石吸附层析、ＤＥＡＥ－Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ Ａ－５０离子交换层析、ＳＥ－Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ Ｃ－５０离子交换层析以及最适温度为６５℃,在ｐＨ３．５－６．５之间稳定,酶保温３０分钟时的半失活温度（ｔ１／２）为６８℃。酶的分子量为９     

菜豆幼苗EPSP合成酶的分离纯化和它的部分性质

利用硫酸铵分级沉淀,Ｓｅｐｈｅｄｅｘ Ｇ－５０凝胶柱层析,ＦＰＬＣ Ｍｏｎｏ－Ｑ和磷酸纤维素离子层析法从菜豆幼苗中分离提纯了ＥＰＳＰ合成酶。该酶被纯化２９６１．６倍,比活性达到６２１９．４ｎｍｏｌｍｇ＾－１蛋白ｍｉｎ＾－１。该酶分子量经ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ检测为５１ｋＤ,等电点为ｐＨ５．７,酶促反应最适ｐＨ７．５,最适温度４５℃。６．２μｍｏｌ／Ｌ的除草剂草甘膦能抑制ＥＰＳＰ合成酶活性的５０％。     

湖南尖吻蝮蛇毒两个出血毒素的纯化和理化性质

经ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－７５凝胶过滤,ＱＡＥ－ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＡ－５０和ＣＭ－ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＣ－２５离子交换层析的步骤,从湖南产尖吻蝮（Ｄｉｅｎａｇｋｉｓｔｒｏｄｏｎａｃｕｔｕｓ）蛇毒中纯化出两个出血毒素（ＤａＨＴ－１和ＤａＨＴ－２）．ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ测得分子量均为２３．５ｋＤ,ＩＥＦ－ＰＡＧＥ测得等电点分别为５．６和５．２,两者具有相似的氨基酸组成,其中酸性氨基酸（Ａｓｘ,Ｇｌｘ）分别占２３％和２４％,ＤａＨＴ－１和ＤａＨＴ－２的最小出血剂量（ＭＨＤ）分别为０．５μｇ和０．８μｇ。都具蛋白水解酶活性,无对ＴＡＭＥ,ＢＡＥＥ的水解活性和ＰＬＡ２酶活性．两者的蛋白水解酶活力与出血活性并非正相关．ＤａＨＴ－１和ＤａＨＴ－２的最适温度分别为３５℃和４０℃,最适ｐＨ为６－９,对热均不稳定,温度高于６０℃活性完全丧失。金属离子的分析显示每摩尔毒素蛋白约含０．５ｍｏｌ的Ｚｎ,１ｍｏｌ的Ｃａ,较多的Ｎａ、Ｋ、Ｍｇ,不含Ｃｏ。     

枯草芽孢杆菌BS12乳酸脱氢酶的分离纯化与部分性质的研究

枯草芽孢杆菌ＢＳ１２的乳酸脱氢酶经硫酸铵分级沉淀、ＣＭ－纤维素、ＤＥＡＥ－纤维素离子交换柱层析、ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ—２００柱层析,得到了凝胶电脉均一的样品。用ＳＤＳ—ＰＡＧＥ测得其亚基分子量为２８０００Ｄａ。酶反应的最适ｐＨ为７．０,最适温度为３５℃。     

地衣芽孢杆菌β—甘露聚糖酶的纯化及酶学性质

地衣芽孢杆菌（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ ｌｉｃｈｅｎｉｆｏｒｍｉｓ）ＮＫ－２７菌株发酵产生的β－甘露聚糖酶（β－ｍａｎｎａｎａｓｅ）经硫酸铵盐析沉淀,两次ＤＥＡＥ纤维素和Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ Ｇ－１００离子交换柱层析以及制备ＰＡＧＥ等步骤,获得了凝胶电泳均一的样品。用ＳＤＳ－凝胶电泳测得纯化后的β－甘露聚糖酶分子量为２６ｋＤ,用凝胶聚焦电泳测得等电点Ｐ１为５．０。酶反应的最适ｐＨ为９．０,最适温度为６０℃,稳     

夏威环毛蚓纤溶酶的分离纯化及部分性质研究

以夏威环毛蚓（Ｐｈｅｒｅｔｉｍａ ｈａｗａｙａｎａ）为材料,采用磷酸盐缓冲液抽提、（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４分段盐析,离子交换树脂 Ｄ２９０、 Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ Ｇ－１００和 ＤＥＡＥ－ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ Ａ－５０三种连续柱层析方法得到一种在 ＰＡＧＥ上显示单一区带的纤溶酶组份。采用凝胶柱层析和 ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ测其分子量为 １２ ０００和 １２３００,由一条肽链组成。该酶具有强烈的纤溶活力和水解ＢＡＥＥ的活力,能直接作用纤维蛋白和间接激活纤溶酶原。其最适反应温度为４５℃,最适反应ｐＨ为８．０。该酶水解ＢＡＥＥ的活力可被Ｎａ＋、Ｋ＋、Ｍｇ２＋、Ｈｇ２＋、金属离子和ＥＤＴＡ、巯基乙醇抑制,Ｃａ＋则有激活作用。该酶中性糖含量为５％,氨基酸组成中Ａｒｇ、Ｌｅｎ含量较多．     

南方鲇碱性磷酸酶的分离纯化及部分性质的研究

用正丁醇抽提,硫酸铵分级沉淀,ＤＥＡＥ－纤维素和Ｓｅｐｈａｃｒｙｌ Ｓ－２００柱层析,从南方鲇（Ｓｉｌｕｒｕｓ ｍｅｒｉｄｉｏｎａｌｉｓ Ｃｈｅｎ）肠粘膜中提取出碱性磷酸酶（ＡＫＰ）。提纯倍数为３９．５０倍,比活为６８．３５μ／ｍｇ蛋白,提取酶液经ＰＡＧＥ和ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ只呈现一条区带。该酶的分子量为１３２ １４０,Ｎ末端氨基酸为门冬氨酸,最适ｐＨ为１０．１０,７．５＞ｐＨ＞１１．５时不稳定,最     

黑曲霉ρ-葡萄糖甘酶的提纯与性质

从黑曲霉Ａｓｐｅｒｇｉｌｕｓｎｉｇｅｒ发酵液中分离提纯了β－葡萄糖苷酶。提纯步骤通过（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４分级沉淀,ＤＥＡＥ－ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＡ－５０和ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－１００等三步纯化,得到凝胶电泳均一的β－葡萄糖苷酶。该酶的最适ｐＨ４．５,最适温度６０℃,Ｋｍ为０．４４（ＮＰＧ）,并有较好的热稳定性。用ＳＤＳ－凝胶电泳法和凝胶色谱法测得该酶的分子量为１２００００     

人胃腺苷脱氨酶的分离纯化及性质研究

用硫酸铵分级沉淀、ＤＥＡＥ－纤维素离子交换层析、免疫亲和层析、ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－１００凝胶柱层析从人胃组织中提取出腺苷脱氨酶。酶纯化１９３２４倍,比活力为５７９７Ｕ／ｍｇ蛋白。提取酶液经ＰＡＧＥ、ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ和等电聚焦只呈现一条区带。测得该酶的分子量为４１．２ｋＤ,等电点为ｐＨ４．８,氨基酸组成分析表明该酶由３８８个氨基酸残基组成,Ｎ端氨基酸为精氨酸。酶的最适ｐＨ为６．５,ｐＨ小于５．０或大     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Synthesis and antimicrobial studies of hydrazone derivatives of 4-[3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-4-formyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]benzoic acid and 4-[3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-4-formyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]benzoic acid

Microbial resistance to antibiotics is an unresolved global concern, which needs urgent and coordinated action. One of the guidelines of the Centers for Disease Control and Preventions (CDC) to combat antibiotic resistance is the development of new antibiotics to treat drug-resistant bacteria. In our effort to find new antibiotics, we report the synthesis and antimicrobial studies of 30 new pyrazole derivatives. These novel molecules have been synthesized by using readily available starting materials and benign reaction conditions. Some of these molecules have shown activity with MIC values as low as 0.78?µg/mL against four bacterial strains; Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Acinetobacter baumannii. Furthermore, active molecules are non-toxic to mammalian cell line.

     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Novel compounds with potent CDK9 inhibitory activity for the treatment of myeloma

Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and Polo-like kinases (PLKs) play key role in the regulation of the cell cycle. The aim of our study was originally the further development of our recently discovered polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) inhibitors. A series of new 2,4-disubstituted pyrimidine derivatives were synthesized around the original hit, but their PLK1 inhibitory activity was very poor. However the novel compounds showed nanomolar CDK9 inhibitory activity and very good antiproliferative effect on multiple myeloma cell lines (RPMI-8226).