一步PCR快速扩增辽宁碱蓬甜菜碱醛脱氢酶cDNA 3'末端序列

根据已获得的辽宁碱蓬甜菜碱醛脱氢酶cDNA的部分序列,设计一条基因特异性引物,与通用引物并用,一步PCR成功地克隆了辽宁碱蓬甜菜碱醛脱氢酶cDNA 3′末端。与常规的3′RACE法相比,一步PCR法具有快速、简便、经济等优点,是一种非常快捷的扩增cDNA 3′末端序列的方法。 Abstract:Based on part of a known cDNA sequence of Suaeda liaotungensis betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase,we successfully cloned the 3′cDNA end of S.lianotungensis betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase using one step PCR with a gene specific primer and universal primer.Compared with the typical 3′ RACE,one step PCR is rapid,simple and inexpensive.It is very rapid to amplify an unknown cDNA 3′end using this method.     

四甲基氯化铵在PCR扩增小麦基因中的关键作用

利用高简并性引物,用PCR法从小麦DNA或cDNA中合成小麦几丁质酶基因、葡 聚糖酶基因和苯丙氨酸解氨酶基因片段。在PCR反应中添加四甲基氯化铵(TMACl)是合成这些特异基因片段的关键。合成的PCR片段都经末端补齐和磷酸化后用于克隆。核酸序列分析证实,这些PCR产物分别与用于设计PCR引物的基因具有高度的同源性。 Abstract:In the presence of tetramethy1 ammonium chloride(TMAC1),a chitinase gene sequence,a phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene sequence and a glucanase cDNA sequence of wheat were amplified with highly degenerate primers by PCR.The inclusion of TMAC1 in the PCR reactions was essential for successful amplification of the desired sequences from genomic DNA or cDNA in wheat.The ends of the PCR fragments were made flush and phosphorylated prior to cloning.Sequence analyses of the above PCR fragments confirmed their identities,showing high sequence similarities to the genes used for the design of PCR primers.     

家蚕核型多角体病毒山东株p35基因的克隆及序列分析

根据家蚕核型多角体病毒T3株p35基因非编码区序列设计一对特异性引物,应用PCR技术从家蚕核型多角体病毒山东株中扩增得到一条1 080 bp的片段。测序结果表明,该片段含有p35基因,开放阅读框长900 bp,编码299个氨基酸,分子量为34.91kDa,pI=6.4。序列分析表明,BmNPV山东株的p35基因与T3株存在差异。 Abstract:According to the 5′ and 3′ untranslated region sequences of p35 gene from Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus isolate T3,a pair of primers was designed employing computer analysis.With the primers,polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed and a 1 080 bp fragment was obtained from BmNPV strain Shandong.Sequencing result showed that it was p35 gene (GenBank accession number：AY157746),and it included an open reading frame of 900 bp,encoding 299 amino acids with Mr=34.91kDa and pI=6.40.BLAST analysis indicated that there were seven bases and three amino acids difference between p35 from BmNPV strain Shandong and that from BmNPV isolate T3.     

耐辐射奇球菌超氧化物歧化酶基因的克隆与序列分析

By using a 453 bp length gene fragment of superoxide dismutase(SOD)as a probe,which was firstly amplified from Deinococcus radiodurans genomic DNA by PCR with degenerate oligonucleotide primers corresponding to the conservative regions of known SODs,a putative SOD gene was identified from the database of D.radiodurans whole genome.Its 636 bp length open reading frame and 5′ and 3′ flanking sequence was determined.The conventional E.coli ribosomal and RNA polymerase binding sites were found upstream from SOD encoding region and an inverted repeat sequence downstream of the termination codon.The deduced 211 amino acid sequence of the structural gene showed a high similarity to other manganese and iron containing SODs in normally conserve regions.     

一种新的cDNA 末端快速扩增获取全长cDNA的方法

为克隆精子发生相关基因的全长cDNA,根据mRNA差异显示获得的ESTs设计引物,利用一种新的cDNA末端快速扩增方法(SMARTRACE)扩增该EST的5′末端,并进行克隆测序,与mRNA差异显示获得ESTs拼接后,获得了三个新的全长cDNA.结果表明,SMARTRACE是一种简便、有效的克隆cDNA5′末端未知序列的技术. Abstract:To clone the full-length cDNAs of genes related to spermatogenesis,ESTs obtained by mRNA differential display were used to design gene-specific primer.Then SMART RACE was performed to obtain the 5′ region of these ESTs.After cloning,sequencing and splicing with ESTs obtained by mRNA differential display,three full-length cDNAs were obtained.The results indicate that SMART RACE is a simple and an effective technique for cloning 5′-end unknown sequence of gene.     

棉花类LRR抗病蛋白(GhLRR-RL)基因的克隆及表达分析

从棉花胚株的cDNA－AFLP片段中,选取一个与拟南芥类LRR抗病原因（LRR－RL）序列相似的片段,用RACE方法延伸其3′和5′未知序列,得到一个棉花类LRR抗病蛋白的全长cDNA序列（GenBank登录号：AY040532）。该cDNA长1259bp,包含一个987bp的开放阅读框,具有Poly（A）加尾信号。推测蛋白质包含329个氨基酸,其中大部分是LRR区,其序列符合膜外LRR的共有序列LXXLXXLXXLXLXXNXGXIPXX。序列和结构比例分析表明：该棉花LRR－RL蛋白与拟南芥的两个类LRR抗病蛋白高度同源,而与植物的其他LRR蛋白结构不同,推测LRR－RL蛋白属于一类新的LRR蛋白。斑点杂交和3′RACE扩增表明,棉花LRR－RL基因具有组成性表达的特点。     

快速简便筛选cDNA文库的SSS法

建立了一种快速简便筛选cDNA文库的方法—SSS法（subsection screening）。该方法用cDNA噬菌体平板划块分组和根据目的基因设计的一对特异性引物,用PCR技术逐级筛选cDNA文库获得目的基因。与其它筛选cDNA文库的方法相比,该方法范围可控,目标明确,易于获得目的基因,而且快速、简捷、省时,一般可在一周内筛选出目的基因。本实验室利用该方法在半个月内筛选出了一个查耳酮异构酶(chalcone isomerase)(CHI)基因,一个黄酮类化合物3′-羟化酶(flavonoid 3′hydroxylase)(F3′H)基因,一个热激蛋白(heat shock protein)(HSP)基因和一个1 484 bp 热激蛋白基因片段。此方法用于同时筛选多个基因,可收到事半功倍的效果,对其它文库筛选也有借鉴意义。 Abstract:A quick and simple method subsection screening (SSS) method for screening cDNA library by PCR was established.With this method,cDNA phage plate was cut into several blocks and a couple of primers was designed according to target gene.And then the target genes were obtained by screening cDNA library.Comparing with other methods,this method has many advantages such as controlled range and clear target,and also quick and simple for obtaining the target genes.It is possible to get a target gene in one week in general by this method.Thus,the CHI gene,F3′H gene,HSP gene and one HSP partial fragment,were obtained respectively in half month in our lab.We can get twice the result with half the effort when we screen several genes in the same time.It is also suitable to screen other libraries.     

基于简并引物同步克隆两个红麻PDIL同源基因cDNA5'-末端序列

探索利用同一套简并引物结合通用引物同步扩增两个红麻PDIL同源基因的cDNA5’-末端序列,以期为同一转录组中两个旁系同源基因cDNA5' RACE的同步扩增提供借鉴.通过红麻HcPDIL5-2a和HcPDIL5-2b cDNA中间片段及3’-末端已知序列的比时,在其完全保守区段设计了一条引物用于两个基因5' RACE的共反转录;在其部分保守区段设计了两条简并引物,并利用其在两个基因的5'RACE扩增时退火温度的差异,结合通用引物巢式PCR同步扩增两个基因的cDNA 5 ’-末端未知序列.在两个基因全长cDNA拼接序列的基础上设计两对特异引物分别扩增它们的cDNA全长序列,测序结果进一步验证了序列拼接和cDNA 5' RACE同步扩增的可靠性.进化分析证实两个基因属于PDIL基因家族成员.     

用RACE结合cDNA文库筛选的方法获取新的锌指蛋白基因

大多数有重要功能的蛋白质都含相应的由保守氨基酸顺序组成的功能结构域。本文首先根据蛋白质功能结构域保守氨基酸序列设计简并引物,用PCR方法扩增出基因EST序列,再利用改进的快速扩增cDNA末端（RACE）方法从cDNA文库中扩增出基因非同源部位,然后以非同源序列为探针,筛选cDNA文库。利用此方法成功地从人骨髓cDNA文库中克隆到几个编码锌指蛋白并代表原有EST的新的全长cDNA。这一策略也应适用于筛选编码具有其他序列保守性功能结构域蛋白的基因。 Abstract:Most of the important functionally proteins contain the corresponding function domains that consist of conserved amino acid sequences.The study provided a method to identify novel genes that encode proteins containing important functionally domains with conserved sequences.First,primers were designed according to the sequence of the cDNA library vector and the ESTs that have been obtained by reverse PCR and degenerate primers encoding Zinc finger domain.The cDNA library DNA was used as template for PCR amplification.The amplified fragment that contains nonhomologous sequences of the cDNA was inserted into pGEM-T easy vector.The fragment was recovered and used as a probe for screening the cDNA library.Several cDNAs with full length that encode proteins with Zinc finger domain and represent the original ESTs have been successfully cloned from a human bone marrow cDNA library.This strategy can also be used in screening genes that encode proteins containing differential function domains with conserved sequences.     

用交错延伸剪接PCR技术扩增油菜花粉育性基因MS2Bnap全长cDNA序列

交错延伸剪接PCR是一种用于分子进化研究的DNA改组技术.本实验利用其原理,将已获得的油菜花粉育性基因MS2Bnap有部分序列重叠的三段PCR产物作为模板进行扩增,获得了花粉育性基因MS2Bnap的全长cDNA序列。 Abstract:SOE by PCR is one of DNA shuffling technologies for molecular evolution engineering.Using the theory of SOE by PCR,the full-length cDNA sequence of pollen fertility gene MS2Bnap of Brasscia napus was amplified with three obtained fragments as templates which have part overlapping of MS2Bnap sequence.     

燕麦β-1,3-葡聚糖酶Ⅱ基因3′端cDNA的克隆及分析

实验利用3′-RACE技术进行燕麦β-1,3-葡聚糖酶Ⅱ(Oglc13Ⅱ)3′末端cDNA的快速扩增并进行序列分析。将0.01%的HgCl2诱导处理24h之后的燕麦(Avena Sativa)幼叶作为材料,利用RT-PCR技术得到Oglc13Ⅱ的部分cDNA片段,根据此片段设计一条特异性上游引物,反转录引物中的部分序列即3′sites Adaptor Primer作为下游引物,按3′RACE试剂盒(Takara)操作流程进行Oglc13Ⅱ3′末端cDNA的快速扩增,成功获取837bp的3′-RACE反应产物,通过BLAST技术,发现该片段与许多植物β-1,3-葡聚糖酶基因具有较高的相似性(50.0%~72.0%)。因此认为成功克隆了Oglc13ⅡcDNA的3′末端序列。     

Identification of tumor metastasisrelated gene TMSG-1 by mRNA differential display

To investigate genes involved in cancer metastasis, mRNA differential display was used to compare the levels of gene expression of two cancer sublines derived from prostate carcinoma cell PC-3M that had different metastatic potentials. The differentially expressed genes were confirmed by Northern blot, and sequenced. The full-length cDNA of a tumor metastasis suppressor gene (TMSG-1) was obtained by using EST assembling and verified by RT-PCR and sequencing. The results showed that expression levels of TMSG-1 were lower in the highly metastatic cell line 1E8, compared with the non-metastatic cell line 2B4. The difference was significant. Full-length cDNA of TMSG-1 was about 2 kb, containing an open reading frame that encoded a protein of 230 amino acids. GenBank Blastn showed no marked homology with known genes. The functional prediction of amino acids sequence encoded by TMSG-1 gene indicated TMSG-1 protein was transmembrane protein, with 3 transmembrane domains, 3 putative protein kinase phosphorylatio     

牛肠激酶轻链基因的克隆及其在大肠杆菌中的融合表达

为克隆表达牛肠激酶（enterokinase）轻链(EKL)编码基因,以期应用于融合蛋白的切割与纯化,从市售北方黄牛十二指肠组织中提取总RNA,以RT-PCR方法扩增其cDNA片段,将此片段克隆于pUCmT载体中,经过特异性限制性内切酶酶切分析片段正确后,进行全序列分析。结果表明,克隆的cDNA与GenBank上的序列相比完全一致,得到了编码正确的牛肠激酶轻链基因全序列。随后,将目的基因片段插入pET39b中,构建了融合型表达载体pET39b-EKL,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),用IPTG诱导表达。所获得的pET39b-EKL经过酶切鉴定和测序,证实其插入方向、读码框架正确,所表达重组蛋白经SDS-PAGE分析,相对分子量为65 kDa,表达量达28%,通过镍亲和层析纯化得到融合蛋白DsbA-rEKL的单一条带。该粗酶经脱盐后在适宜的缓冲体系中21℃温育过夜,显示出较高的自催化切割活性,为进一步进行重组牛肠激酶活性的研究及应用奠定了基础。 Abstract:The objective of the study was to obtain the gene of bovine enterokinase light chain,which would be used in the cleavage and purification of fusion proteins．The fragment of bovine enterokinase light chain cDNA was obtained by RT-PCR from a sold bovine′s duodenal mucosa, then cloned into the pUCmT cloning vector and sequenced.Compared with the sequence deposited in GenBank,the cloned gene sequence is correct.Then the interested gene fragment was inserted into the pET39b expression plasmid.The recombinant vector pET39b-EKL was transformed into E.coli BL21(DE3) and induced by IPTG.It was confirmed that the nucleotide sequence was correct on the conjunction site between the recombinant DNA 5′terminal multi-cloning site and recombinant fragment after the analysis of the nucleotide sequence.SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that target product was about 65 kDa which occupied 28% of the total protein.A pure fusion protein was obtained by nickel chelating chromatogram using His*Binding Resin.After desalting and changing buffer,the crude kinase was incubated at 21℃ overnight and demonstrated a high autocatalytic cleavage activity.This investigation would be able to lay a foundation for enterokinase activity research and farther application of expression products on a large scale.     

Cloning of genomic DNA of rice 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase gene and chromosomal localization of the gene

The shikimate pathway enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase (EPSPs) is the target of nonselective herbicide glyphosate. A partial rice epsps cDNA was generated by RT-PCR with primers designed according to EST sequence in GenBank and used as probe for rice genomic library screening. In a screen of approximately 8.0×104 clones from the rice genomic library, sixteen positive clones were obtained, which strongly hybridized to the probe. One clone, E11, was selected for further analysis and the full-length 3661 bp rice epsps genomic sequence was obtained. Sequence analysis and homologous comparison revealed that epsps gene is composed of 8 exons and 7 introns. Analysis by restriction fragment length polymorphism with the probe of rice epsps cDNA fragment confirmed that rice epsps is located on chromosome 6 with an indica-japonica (ZYQ8-JX17) double-haploid (DH) population. This is the first report on the EPSP synthase from monocotyledons.     

大豆抗病基因同源序列的克隆与分析

已克隆的植物抗病基因序列存在一些相对保守的结构区域。利用根据核苷酸结合位点(NBS)结构域扩增所获得的大豆抗病基因同源片段为混合探针,进行大豆cDNA文库筛选。通过筛库和5′RAcE-PcR扩增后,获得一全长基因KR3。KR3的长度为2353 bp,编码636个氨基酸。KR3蛋白在结构上与烟草抗花叶病毒N基因蛋白有较高的同源性,具有Toll／白细胞介素-1受体(TIR)、NBS等抗病基因的分了特征。Southern 杂交显KR3在基因组中为低拷贝：RT-PCR分析表明,该基因的表达受外源水杨酸的诱导。     

鲢鱼可溶性谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(sGST)基因cDNA全序列与5′调控区的克隆与分析

淡水鱼类可溶性谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(sGST)在微囊藻毒素去毒代谢过程中具有独特的关键作用,因而也称为微囊藻毒素去毒酶.从淡水食毒藻鱼类鲢鱼(Hypophthalmichthysmolitrix)肝脏通过简并引物克隆微囊藻毒素去毒酶基因cDNA核心序列,应用5′RACE和3′RACE技术分别扩增该序列的5′末端和3′末端序列,最后通过序列拼接获得鲢鱼肝脏微囊藻毒素去毒酶基因cDNA全序列.序列分析结果表明,鲢鱼肝脏微囊藻毒素去毒酶基因cDNA全长920bp,其中5′-UTR长74bp,3′-UTR长174bp,编码区长672bp,编码223个氨基酸.应用基因组步行法,在鲢鱼克隆得到淡水鱼类微囊藻毒素去毒酶基因5′侧翼区878bp序列.与哺乳动物及海水鱼sGST基因不同,鲢鱼微囊藻毒素去毒酶基因的5′侧翼区,发现存在多个脂多糖反应元件(LPSRE),表明来源于毒藻的脂多糖可能对鲢鱼微囊藻毒素去毒酶基因表达有潜在调控作用.     

应用PCR技术对先天性长QT综合征KCNQ1 基因进行定点突变的研究

利用聚合酶链反应（PCR）技术对长QT综合征（LQTS）KCNQ1基因进行定点突变的研究。首先设计两对引物（包含预定的突变）,通过3轮PCR扩增,扩增出含有所需突变位点的片段,然后将片段克隆入T载体中,通过酶切连接的方法将突变点引入到pIRES2-EGFP-KCNQ1中,随后用Effectene转染试剂介导转染HEK293细胞。结果在真核表达载体pIRES2-EGFP-KCNQ1基础上获得了KCNQ1 cDNA C934T的突变体,测序表明在序列中发生了预期的突变。将含突变点的pIRES2-EGFP-KCNQ1转染HEK293细胞后,在荧光显微镜下观察到被转染的HEK293细胞发出绿色荧光,表明含突变点的pIRES2-EGFP-KCNQ1得到了表达。Abstract: To study PCR site-directed mutagenesis of long QT syndrome KCNQ1 gene in vitro. The site-directed mutagenesis of LQTS gene KCNQ1 was made by PCR. Two sets of primers were designed according to the sequence of KCNQ1 cDNA, and mismatch was introduced into primers. Mutagenesis was performed in a three-step PCR. The amplified fragments from the third PCR which contained the mutation site were subcloned into the T-vecor PCR2.1.Then the fragments containing the mutation site was obtained from PCR2.1 with restriction enzyme digestion and was inserted into the same restriction site of pIRES2-EGFP-KCNQ1. With Effectene Transfection Reagent, pIRES2-EGFP-KCNQ1 was transfected into HEK293 cell. The sequencing analysis showed that the mutation site was correct. Mutation from T to C in 934 site of KCNQ1 cDNA was found. Under the fluorescence microscope, the green fluorescence was spread in the transfected HEK293 cell, meaning the pIRES2-EGFP-KCNQ1 containing the mutation site was expressed correctly.     

Molecular characterization of a new lectin from the marine alga Ulva pertusa

A new lectin, named UPL1, was purified from a green alga Ulvapertusa by an affinitychromatography on the bovine-thyroglobulin-Sepharose 4B column. The molecular mass of the algal lectinwas about 23 kD by SDS-PAGE, and it specifically agglutinated rabbit erythrocytes. The hemagglutinatingactivity for rabbit erythrocytes could be inhibited by bovine thyroglobulin and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. Thelectin UPL1 required divalent cations for maintenance of its biological activity, and was heat-stable, and hadhigher activity within pH 6-8. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified lectin was determined(P83209) and a set of degenerate primers were designed. The full-length cDNA of the lectin was cloned byrapid amplification ofcDNA ends (RACE) method (AY433960). Sequence analysis of upll indicated it was! 084 bp long, and encoded a premature protein of 203 amino acids. The N-terminal sequence of the matureUPL1 polypeptide started at amino acid 54 of the deduced sequence from the cDNA, indicating 53 aminoacids lost due to posttranslational modification. The primary structure of the Ulva pertusa lectin did not showamino acid sequence similarity with known plant and animal lectins. Hence, this protein may be the paradigmof a novel lectin family.