成纤维细胞生长因子5的研究进展

成纤维细胞生长因子5 (fibroblast growth factor 5,FGF5)是成纤维细胞生长因子家族(FGFs)的成员之一,在哺乳动物毛囊、神经系统、睾丸等多个部位及胚胎发育过程中均有表达。研究发现,FGF5具有广泛的生物学活性,如作为毛发生长重要的调节因子其编码基因突变将导致毛发异常生长,作为丝裂原在干细胞增殖、血管生成和肢体肌发育等方面发挥重要作用,以及在高血压、肿瘤等方面具有重要的生物学功能。目前,FGF5在多种疾病中的功能和作用机制尚需进一步深入研究,但其在毛发生长、干细胞增殖及在心血管疾病等方面的生物学作用具有重大的意义和临床应用价值。总结了近些年FGF5的研究进展,系统阐述了FGF5在毛发生长、干细胞增殖分化、心血管疾病及癌症等方面的相关作用机制,为进一步深入研究FGF5在疾病治疗中的作用和开发利用提供参考。     

成纤维细胞生长因子5研究进展

成纤维细胞生长因子5(Fibroblasts growth factor 5,FGF5)是成纤维细胞生长因子家族(FGFs)的成员之一,具备多种生物学功能。目前的研究发现,FGF5在哺乳动物毛发周期性生长中起着重要作用,是生长期到退行期的关键信号分子,同时与动物肢体发育及人多形性胶质母细胞瘤、黑色素瘤、肝细胞癌、人类高血压的形成也有一定的联系。综述了近年来FGF5的相关生物学功能及其在疾病形成中的研究结果,以期为其在人类毛发生长、动物绒毛资源利用、肢体发育以及肿瘤诊治等领域中进一步的研究及合理开发利用提供理论依据。     

成纤维细胞生长因子20研究进展

成纤维细胞生长因子20(FGF20)是成纤维细胞生长因子家族(FGFs)的成员之一。研究发现,FGF20具有广泛生物学活性,不仅在退行性神经系统疾病,如帕金森病中起着重要作用,还在组织修复,肿瘤发生、器官发育等方面具有重要的生物学功能。尽管作为重组蛋白药物的开发其功能和机制仍有待进一步研究,但FGF20所具备的生物学特性将会有非常广阔的研究领域和应用价值。     

成纤维细胞生长因子6(FGF6)的研究进展

成纤维细胞生长因子6(fibroblast growth factor 6,FGF6)是成纤维细胞生长因子家族(FGFs)的成员之一,主要通过与酪氨酸激酶受体(fibroblast growth factor receptor,FGFR)1和4结合发挥其生物学活性。研究发现,人FGF6几乎都积聚在肌源性细胞系中,参与肌源性细胞系的增殖及分化,在肌肉修复和再生过程中起重要作用,同时它还是一个重要的调节骨生成和骨重建的因子;FGF6在心脏中也有表达,进一步试验结果表明其具有促进心肌细胞增殖及保护心肌细胞凋亡的作用;在成体睾丸和乳腺癌中也检测到有FGF6的转录物,表明其在肿瘤发生发展中的作用。目前,FGF6在多种疾病中的功能和相关机制仍有待进一步研究和确认,但其所具备的生物学活性尤其是在肌肉再生方面具有重要的意义和巨大的应用潜力。     

成纤维细胞生长因子22(FGF22)的研究进展

成纤维细胞生长因子22(fibroblast growth factor 22)是成纤维细胞生长因子家族(FGFs)的成员之一。研究发现,FGF22主要在大脑和皮肤中表达并且能够影响大脑发育和神经突触的形成。由于FGF22在难治性癫痫发生机制中所发挥的特殊作用,有可能作为研究癫痫疾病的新的切入点。此外FGF22与脊髓损伤修复、神经系统疾病、皮肤癌、抑郁等疾病有着重要的联系。特别是在神经突出的形成过程中FGF22起着调节因子的作用。尽管作为重组蛋白药物的开发其功能和机制仍有待进一步研究,但相信FGF22所具备的生物学特性具有非常广阔的研究领域和应用价值。     

成纤维细胞生长因子9(FGF9)的研究进展

成纤维细胞生长因子9(fibroblast growth factor 9,FGF9)是成纤维细胞生长因子家族(FGFs)的成员之一。广泛分布于人体各种组织中,它参与骨骼发育、血管形成、胚胎发育、损伤修复、细胞凋亡、神经再生、肿瘤生长等多种生理和病理的过程,可有效促进有丝分裂和细胞生长。研究发现,FGF9不仅在骨骼发育和生长期对软骨形成和成骨生成起着重要的作用,而且对卵巢癌的发生、神经再生、性腺分化等方面也有重要的影响,对FGF9作为一个有用治疗靶点发挥作用的功能和机制仍有待进一步的发现及研究。现针对FGF9的特点,综述了其在表达及适应征机制方面的研究进展,为FGF9进一步的研究及合理开发利用提供参考。     

碱性成纤维细胞生长因子促进神经损伤修复的研究进展

碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(basic fibroblast growth factor,b FGF)是成纤维细胞生长因子家族(FGFs)的成员之一。它是哺乳动物和人体中一种非常微量的活性物质,因其具有广泛的生理功能和重要的临床应用价值受到了国内外学者的高度重视。b FGF生物活性的多效性以及神经营养的广谱性,为其从基础走向临床提供了保证。而b FGF如何发挥神经损伤修复作用的功能和机制,仍有待进一步的发现及研究,这也是目前国内外探索和开发b FGF新临床药物的研究热点之一。针对b FGF的生物学特点及其在神经损伤修复中的功能,特别是在中枢神经系统和外周神经系统疾病中的研究进展进行了综述。     

成纤维细胞生长因子18(FGF18)的研究进展

成纤维细胞生长因子18 (fibroblast growth factor 18,FGF18)是成纤维细胞生长因子家族( FGFs)的成员之一.研究发现,FGF 18不仅在骨骼发育和生长期对软骨形成和成骨生成起着重要的作用,其功能也已延伸至其他许多生物过程,尽管对FGF18作为一个有用治疗靶点发挥作用的功能和机制仍有待进一步的发现及研究.现针对FGF18的特点,及其在骨骼发育中的功能,特别其在未来具有潜在应用领域上的研究进展进行综述.     

FGF8在脊椎动物早期胚胎发育中的调控作用

成纤维细胞生长因子8 (fibroblast growth factor 8,FGF8)是成纤维细胞生长因子家族的成员之一,是一种组织发育过程中的重要分泌性调控信号分子,参与脊椎动物的多种组织器官的发生与发育.早期胚胎细胞通过表达FGF8在组织和器官发育、血管发生、血细胞生成、附肢发生和伤口愈合等方面发挥着重要作用.FGF8不但可以在细胞外通过胞内信号通路,而且也可以进入细胞内部发挥生物学功能.本文就FGF8在脊椎动物神经系统、内脏器官、肢体发育及不对称发育等组织、器官发育中的调控作用予以阐述.     

FGF9与FGFR3受体在骨发育与疾病中的作用

成纤维细胞生长因子9(fibroblast growth factor,FGF9)最初发现于人类神经胶质瘤细胞,是成纤维细胞生长因子家族的成员之一.研究发现FGF9在多种组织的发育及疾病的发生中起重要作用.FGF9与肝素结合活化FGFR3受体,可作用于软骨细胞,在骨骼发育及损伤过程中抑制软骨细胞增生和软骨内骨化.FGF9基因缺失或突变可分别导致骨骼发育不良或肿瘤.本文简要综述FGF9与FGFR3受体在骨发育中的作用及其致病机制的研究进展.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Synthesis and antimicrobial studies of hydrazone derivatives of 4-[3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-4-formyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]benzoic acid and 4-[3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-4-formyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]benzoic acid

Microbial resistance to antibiotics is an unresolved global concern, which needs urgent and coordinated action. One of the guidelines of the Centers for Disease Control and Preventions (CDC) to combat antibiotic resistance is the development of new antibiotics to treat drug-resistant bacteria. In our effort to find new antibiotics, we report the synthesis and antimicrobial studies of 30 new pyrazole derivatives. These novel molecules have been synthesized by using readily available starting materials and benign reaction conditions. Some of these molecules have shown activity with MIC values as low as 0.78?µg/mL against four bacterial strains; Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Acinetobacter baumannii. Furthermore, active molecules are non-toxic to mammalian cell line.

     

Novel compounds with potent CDK9 inhibitory activity for the treatment of myeloma

Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and Polo-like kinases (PLKs) play key role in the regulation of the cell cycle. The aim of our study was originally the further development of our recently discovered polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) inhibitors. A series of new 2,4-disubstituted pyrimidine derivatives were synthesized around the original hit, but their PLK1 inhibitory activity was very poor. However the novel compounds showed nanomolar CDK9 inhibitory activity and very good antiproliferative effect on multiple myeloma cell lines (RPMI-8226).