三峡水库香溪河库湾主要营养盐的入库动态

基于香溪河及其主要支流高岚河的5a监测数据,估算三峡水库香溪河库湾氮磷营养盐的入库通量,并分析了氮磷营养盐的浓度及其通量的逐月动态.研究发现,每年大约有1623.49 t总氮和331.85 t总磷汇入香溪河库湾,其中,香溪河贡献了68.50%的总氮和91.74%的总磷.在这两条河流中,溶解无机氮是氮的主要存在形式;氮通量表现出夏季7月份偏高、春秋季次之、冬季较低的规律;面源污染是氮进入河道的主要途径.磷酸盐是香溪河磷的主要存在形式,而高岚河磷酸盐的含量则较低;香溪河磷通量的月均波动规律不明显,高岚河磷通量的高峰期出现在春末和夏季;高岚河的磷主要通过面源途径进入河道,而香溪河的磷则存在点源污染.水土流失可能是香溪河流域面源污染的主要途径,磷矿和磷化工厂的排污则是磷点源污染的主要途径.从保护三峡水库香溪河库湾的生态学角度考虑,应重点控制香溪河磷的点源污染.     

高州水库氮磷营养盐变化特征及水质管理对策

通过2012—2013年对广东省高州水库氮磷营养盐的趋势变化进行分析,探讨了水库中氮磷浓度的变化特征,并从水库管理与水动力学两方面对水库水质管理对策进行了讨论。研究结果表明:高州水库总氮、总磷浓度均表现为丰水期高,说明受强降雨的影响,农业面源污染携带大量的氮磷随地表径流进入库区,致使库区氮磷营养盐含量升高。其次,入库河流是库区氮磷营养盐的主要来源。氮磷比分析结果表明,高州水库流域内部分水体在时空上处于氮限制与磷限制交替出现的状态,且氮磷比与总磷呈现显著地正相关,进一步反应了高州水库水体主要处于磷素限制状态。水库上游集雨区人口分布集中,大量的生活排污与农业面源污染的输入是库区营养盐的主要来源;合理处理上游居民生活垃圾并严格控制工业污染,是降低库区营养盐的主要途径。此外,人为改变高州水库的出流方式,可以抑制浮游植物及藻类的生长,从而减少水库富营养化的可能。     

乌江中上游梯级水库氮磷滞留效应

目前世界河流普遍面临大规模筑坝拦截现状,原有河流自然形态逐渐向湖泊化转变,研究河流中氮磷营养盐物质的输送通量与滞留效应成了评价水坝水环境情况的关键问题。本研究详细调查了位于乌江流域中上游的洪家渡、东风和乌江渡3座水库的氮磷营养盐分布特征、输送通量及滞留效应。结果表明,洪家渡、东风和乌江渡3座水库TN年平均实际滞留率分别为20.2%、36.0%和-21.1%,TP年平均实际滞留率分别为5.4%、56.5%和-84.9%。3座水库因受到水文条件的不同、建库时间的长短和人为输入等因素影响,氮磷营养盐表现出不同的滞留现象及时空差异性。乌江渡水库氮磷营养盐的年平均滞留率因网箱养鱼的影响表现为负值。东风水库存在明显的氮磷滞留效应。洪家渡水库因受早期淹没植被再降解过程的影响,氮磷营养盐实际滞留效应弱于东风水库。     

珠江口及毗邻海域营养盐对浮游植物生长的影响

基于2006年7月(夏季),10月(秋季)和2007年3月(春季)的现场调查数据,对珠江口及毗邻海域中的营养盐和叶绿素a等环境生态因子的时空分布特性进行了对比分析,研究了氮磷比与叶绿素a含量和种群多样性之间的联系,探讨了该海域营养盐对于浮游植物生长的影响。结果表明:(1)研究海域营养盐表现出较强的季节和空间差异性,总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)浓度均值春季(1.545 mg/L、0.056 mg/L)和夏季(1.570 mg/L、0.058 mg/L)均大于秋季(1.442 mg/L、0.034 mg/L),且春夏季浓度空间差异更明显。(2)调查期间海域营养盐含量超标现象突出,夏季尤为明显。无机氮(DIN)总体均值0.99 mg/L,超四类海水标准限值1倍,活性磷酸盐(PO4-P)总体均值0.021 mg/L,DIN∶PO4-P平均值为130;叶绿素a浓度与营养盐、p H、温度有较显著的相关性。(3)叶绿素a浓度较高的站位,具有较高的DIN∶PO4-P值,但浮游植物多样性指数偏低,优势种明显,主要为中肋骨条藻。氮磷比的改变会影响不同生长特性的浮游植物间的竞争和种群结构的改变;今后海洋污染治理中,在控制氮、磷污染时要注意氮磷比的改变可能造成的浮游生态影响。     

洱海入湖河流弥苴河下游氮磷季节性变化特征及主要影响因素

入湖河流携带污染物对洱海水环境的影响日益明显,对洱海入湖水量最大的河流——弥苴河下游水体氮磷进行了连续采样分析,以期为河口湿地建设和水质改善提供基础数据.结果表明:1)弥苴河水质介于地表水Ⅲ-Ⅴ类之间,主要污染物为氮和磷,其中总氮平均浓度为1.17 mg/L,最高浓度达到2.00 mg/L;总磷平均浓度为0.06 mg/L;2)弥苴河下游总氮、总磷浓度丰水期高于枯水期,并呈现出季节性变化规律;3)弥苴河下游水体总氮、总磷年均浓度远高于洱海水体总氮、总磷年均浓度,其中总氮高出2.10倍,总磷高出2.90倍;4)弥苴河下游河段非点源污染占据主导地位.     

大伙房水库上游三河系水生植物生态特征及生物效应分析

大伙房水库是我国大型水库之一,位于沈阳、抚顺两个大城市东部。最大库容达2.1×10~9m~3,是沈阳、抚顺两市人民生活用水主要水源之一。水库上游三条主要入库河流(浑河、苏子河和社河)流经清原、新宾、抚顺三县。这三条河的河水较浅,水生生物资源比较丰富。通过对其中水生植物的生态特征和生物效应分析,旨在探讨污染对水生植物群落结构     

广东大中型供水水库的氮污染与富营养化分析

20 0 0年丰水期和枯水期对广东大中型水库的氮污染和富营养化现状进行了调查。结果表明 ,在调查的 2 0个大中型供水水库中 ,水质现状总体较好 ,70 %的水库处于中营养状态以下 ,30 %的水库开始出现富营养化现象。水库的总氮浓度普遍偏高 ,氮污染成为水库富营养化的重要原因。水库的总氮和DIN浓度存在地区性差异和季节性差异。枯水期水库的总氮及DIN浓度与叶绿素a的相关性极显著 ,而丰水期则无明显相关性。NO3 N是水体无机氮的主要组成部分 ,平均占DIN的 72 6 % ,而水库的NH3 N含量明显低于NO3 N ,平均占DIN的2 5 5 %。NO2 N的含量一般很低。水库的总氮、DIN和有机氮含量是判断水库营养状态的重要指标 ,而NO3 N和NH3 N在DIN中所占比例则是推测污染物来源的重要依据     

基于大型底栖无脊椎动物确定河流营养盐浓度阈值——以西苕溪上游流域为例

水体富营养化是一个全球性的问题,中国也面临严重威胁.目前,中国的水体富营养化研究主要集中在湖泊和水库,对河流的研究极少.根据大型底栖无脊椎动物的群落结构对营养盐胁迫的响应,运用非参数转变点分析方法计算西苕溪上游营养盐浓度突变点.结果表明:总氮和总磷的突变点分别为1.409mg·mL-1和0.033～0.035mg·mL-1.参照点的总氮和总磷浓度基本都低于阈值,城市干扰点则全部高于阈值,而当总氮和总磷超过各自阈值时会导致大型底栖无脊椎动物群落结构的严重退化.通过建立与水生生物群落结构有关的水体营养盐标准,可充分发挥生物监测在水环境管理中的作用,为计算水体中总氮和总磷的最大日负荷总量提供科学数据.     

洪家渡水库溶解二氧化碳分压的时空分布特征及其扩散通量

为了了解水库温室气体的释放特征,于2006年4月、7月、10月和2007年1月对中国西南喀斯特地区新建的洪家渡水库入库水体、出库水体和水库坝前水体的CO2分压(pCO2)特征进行了分析.结果表明:入库河流pCO2为春季<夏季<秋季<冬季,其中,六冲河全年平均值为488μatm,凹水河全年平均值为624 μatm;水库库区表层水体pCO2冬季最高,春季最低,分别为925和279 μatm,全年平均值为598 μatm;在水体垂直剖面上,pCO2随水深的增加而增加;出库水体pCO2夏季最高,达8 417 μatm,春季最低,为382 μatm,全年平均值为3 260 μatm.就全年平均而言,入库水体、水库库区表层水体以及出库水体PCO2均高于大气CO2分压(380 μatm),其向大气中释放的CO2通量分别为3.93～6.29、4.87～7.79和64.29～102.86 mmol·m-2·d-1.该水库总体上是大气CO2的源,天然河流水体经水库作用后CO2释放强度增加,导致水库泄水pCO2为天然河流的16倍、水库库区表层水体的13倍,其向大气中释放CO2量也相应增加.因此,水库泄水的CO2释放问题值得关注.     

南淝河叶绿素 a 时空分布特征及环境因子影响分析简

2009年8月至2012年4月,采样测试了南淝河上游8个位点的水质状况等,分析了南淝河叶绿素a(Chl.a)的时空分布特点及其与环境因子的关系。结果表明,南淝河研究河段Chl.a平均值为83.46μg/L,已处于严重富营养化状态。南淝河Chl.a浓度与总磷(TP)、化学需氧量(COD)、酸碱度(pH)、总固体悬浮物(TSS)、水温(WT)显著性正相关(P0.05),与透明度(SD)、氨氮/总磷比值(4NH+–N/TP)、水深(WD)、降雨(Rain)及风速(Wind)显著性负相关(P0.05)。逐步回归分析表明,影响南淝河上游河段Chl.a浓度的主导环境因子依次为水温、风速、降雨、总磷和氨氮。对南淝河与其他富营养化水体Chl.a的主要影响因子进行比较,结果表明水温是影响Chl.a的最重要因子,氮磷比、营养盐、降雨、风速、生物因子均对富营养化水体Chl.a有影响。     

Dynamics of main nutrient input to Xiangxi Bay of the Three-Gorges Reservoir

Based on routine monitoring data in Xiangxi River and its main tributary Gaolan River from September 2000 to June 2005, this paper estimates the contribution of riverine nutrients, and analyzes the monthly dynamics of concentrations and fluxes of nutrients. The results show that Xiangxi Bay annually receives 1623.49 tons of total nitrogen (TN) and 331.85 tons of total phosphorus; Xiangxi River alone accounts for 68.50% of the total nitrogen fluxes and 91.74% of the total phosphorus fluxes. In these two rivers, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) is the dominating form of nitrogen; fluxes of DIN and TN are high during summer (July), mid-spring and autumn, and relatively low in winter; non-point source pollutants that flow into rivers are the most important pathway of nitrogen. Orthophosphate is the dominating form of phosphorus in Xiangxi River, relatively low in Gaolan River; fluxes of phosphorus are high during summer and late spring, relatively low during winter and late autumn in Gaolan River, but fluctuate irregularly in Xiangxi River; phosphorus in Gaolan River is mainly caused by non-point source pollutants, while point source pollutants of phosphorus play an important role in Xiangxi River. Soil erosion probably represents the major way of non-point source pollutants, while the drainages of phosphorus diggings and factory discharges play the most important role in the point source pollutants of phosphorus. This research suggests that measures must be taken to control the point source pollutants of phosphorus in Xiangxi River in order to protect Xiangxi Bay of the Three-Gorges Reservoir.     

Dynamics of main nutrient input to Xiangxi Bay of the Three-Gorges Reservoir

Based on routine monitoring data in Xiangxi River and its main tributary Gaolan River from September 2000 to June 2005, this paper estimates the contribution of riverine nutrients, and analyzes the monthly dynamics of concentrations and fluxes of nutrients. The results show that Xiangxi Bay annually receives 1623.49 tons of total nitrogen (TN) and 331.85 tons of total phosphorus; Xiangxi River alone accounts for 68.50% of the total nitrogen fluxes and 91.74% of the total phosphorus fluxes. In these two rivers, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) is the dominating form of nitrogen; fluxes of DIN and TN are high during summer (July), mid-spring and autumn, and relatively low in winter; non-point source pollutants that flow into rivers are the most important pathway of nitrogen. Orthophosphate is the dominating form of phosphorus in Xiangxi River, relatively low in Gaolan River; fluxes of phosphorus are high during summer and late spring, relatively low during winter and late autumn in Gaolan River, but fluctuate irregularly in Xiangxi River; phosphorus in Gaolan River is mainly caused by non-point source pollutants, while point source pollutants of phosphorus play an important role in Xiangxi River. Soil erosion probably represents the major way of non-point source pollutants, while the drainages of phosphorus diggings and factory discharges play the most important role in the point source pollutants of phosphorus. This research suggests that measures must be taken to control the point source pollutants of phosphorus in Xiangxi River in order to protect Xiangxi Bay of the Three-Gorges Reservoir.     

公园水体浮游植物与环境因子的关系

于2006年10月—2007年9月,对上海市10个公园景观水体水质环境因子及浮游植物群落结构进行逐月监测,应用主成分分析(PCA)和典范对应分析(CCA)探讨了浮游植物数量与水质环境因子之间的关系,评价了城市水环境状况,以期为公园水体的水质管理提供科学依据。结果表明:共鉴定公园水体浮游植物8门167种,浮游植物丰度范围为2.16×106～7.87×106cells·L-1,主要以蓝藻、硅藻、绿藻为主,优势种由皮状席藻(Phormidium corium)、窝形席藻(Ph.fovedarum)、微小平裂藻(Merismopedia tenuissima)、尖针杆藻(Synedraacus)、银灰平裂藻(M.glauca)、啮蚀隐藻(Cryptomonas erosa)等组成;公园景观水体水温变幅为7.9～29℃,水深0.79～1.05m,透明度0.5～0.70m,总氮0.896～3.9mg·L-1,铵氮0.224～1.979mg·L-1,硝酸盐0.126～0.346mg·L-1,亚硝酸盐0.015～0.140mg·L-1,总磷0.063～0.372mg·L-1,活性磷0.007～0.194mg·L-1,化学需氧量为5.418～10.685mg·L-1。PCA分析表明,水温、透明度、氮磷营养因子以及化学需氧量是影响浮游植物密度变化的主要因素。CCA分析表明,总氮、总磷、透明度和水温是影响浮游植物群落结构季节变化的主要驱动因子。     

Nitrogen and Phosphorus in a Stretch of the Guadalupe River,Texas, with Five Main-Stream Impoundments by

Nitrogen and phosphorus were studied in a 168-km stretch of the Guadalupe River that had five main-stream impoundments. Flow through the study area was controlled by releases from these five reservoirs and from Canyon Reservoir, a deep-storage reservoir, located 30 km upstream. Parameters measured monthly on a diel basis at 16 stations were nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, Kjeldahl nitrogen, inorganic phosphate phosphorus, organic phosphate phosphorus, and total phosphate phosphorus.Inorganic nitrogen concentrations observed in this study were as high or higher than that previously reported for other bodies of water. Nitrate nitrogen entered the study area in relatively high concentrations from Comal Springs which was a major source of water for the Guadalupe River. Water from Canyon Reservoir, the other major source of water, was relatively low in nitrate nitrogen. The concentration of nitrate nitrogen was, therefore, dependent in part upon the portion of the total river flow originating from the two sources. Increased discharge from Canyon Reservoir and utilization by plants in areas of high chlorophyll a resulted in low nitrate-nitrogen levels. Retention of water in reservoirs reduced the concentration of nitrate nitrogen due to increased utilization by plants in areas of low flow. Nitrate nitrogen, in general, reached seasonal minima in summer and maxima in winter. Nitrite nitrogen showed considerable variation with no meaningful pattern except that higher concentrations occurred in association with high chlorophyll a and high Kjeldahl nitrogen, regions and periods of low river flow, and large phytoplankton populations. There was no increase in concentration of any form of nitrogen in the vicinity of sewage outfalls and no downstream accrual.Phosphorus levels in the study area were as high or higher than those reported in studies of other bodies of water. Sewage treatment plants at New Braunfels and Seguin, Texas, were major sources of phosphorus to the Guadelupe River. Total phosphate phosphorus was determined to be the most critical phosphate parameter in assessing eutrophication. Seasonally, it ranged from a winter high to a summer low. Concentrations were highest immediately below sewage outfalls and decreased as water progressed downstream. Inorganic-phosphate-phosphorus concentrations showed no clear seasonal trend but were clearly associated with sewage outfalls. Since large standing crops of phytoplankton were observed in areas of low inorganic phosphate phosphorus, it was not considered to limit photosynthesis. Total organic phosphate phosphorus varied seasonally, with high concentrations occurring during the spring and low concentrations in the fall. Total organic phosphate phosphorus showed no correlation with sewage outfalls, but was correlated to a degree with total Kjeldahl nitrogen and chlorophyll a. No consistent pattern of diel fluctuations was evident for any phosphorus or nitrogen compounds analyzed.     

香溪河水系大型底栖动物功能摄食类群生态学

2004年7月至2007年6月,通过大型底栖无脊椎动物的量化监测,对三峡水库湖北库区最大河流香溪河大型底栖无脊椎动物功能摄食类群生态学进行研究.结果表明:香溪河大型底栖动物以收集者占绝对优势,其次为刮食者,捕食者、滤食者、撕食者相对丰度较小;各功能摄食类群分布明显受时空资源位的限制;香溪河物质循环能力、两岸物质的输入量和粗有机颗粒/ 细有机颗粒在九冲河明显高于其它河流,在冬季高于其它季节;物质输送能力以高岚河最高,在时间方面以冬季明显高于其它季节.逐步回归分析表明,流速、电导、浊度、总氮、二氧化硅对香溪河河流生态系统物质循环具有指示作用;二氧化硅和化学需氧量对物质输送能力具有指示作用;水温、水深、二氧化硅、总磷可作为沿岸物质输入量的指标;水温、二氧化硅可作为评估河道中粗、细有机颗粒比例的重要指标.     

Distinct age and landscape influence on two reservoirs under the same climate

With the purpose of finding out whether different landscape occupation could affect water quality in two reservoirs of distinct age and subjected to the same climatic influence, several factors were investigated in a study lasting from January 2000 till December 2001. Total phosphorus, orthophosphate, chlorophyll a concentrations and water colour were determined monthly in winter and biweekly in summer, in two reservoirs located in the Portuguese part of River Douro catchment. Complementarily, variables such as nitrate, ammonium ion and ammonia gas, as well as water temperature, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, and transparency were measured. Trophic state of both reservoirs was assessed by computation of Carlson's Trophic State Index. The potential allochthonous sources of phosphorus and nitrogen to both reservoirs were identified and estimated. Differences between reservoirs were found for conductivity, water temperature, transparency and water colour. According to Carlson's Trophic State Index both reservoirs were classified as meso-eutrophic from winter to the beginning of summer, and as eutrophic from this period onwards. Intrinsic factors such as age of reservoir, organic matter inputs from decomposition of flooded terrestrial vegetation and exposure of littoral sediments to cycles of drying and wetting, as well as extrinsic factors such as grazing and frequent land fires, can explain the trophic state of S. Serrada Reservoir. Allochthonous sources of nutrients originated from agriculture and grazing in the catchment area, and recreational activities in the reservoir probably are the factors with greatest influence on Azibo Reservoir trophic state. Based upon the obtained data, management measures are suggested to prevent further eutrophication and water quality degradation in both reservoirs.     

上海市不同区县中小河道氮磷污染特征

以上海11个区县,共19条河道、65个点位进行1a的氮磷污染情况调查。结果表明:(1)上海河道为不完全感潮型河网水系。潮汐、降雨对氮磷污染物的分布影响具有时间差异性。(2)上海河道区县之间氮磷污染差异大(P0.05)。氮磷浓度从中心城区河道依次向外呈现"圆环状"稀释扩散趋势。黄浦江以南河道水质好于黄浦江以北河道;近江苏的河道总体氮磷浓度水平高于近浙江的河道(上海东南部)(P0.05)。水体中污染物浓度、扩散、降解与人为扰动和城镇化程度密切相关。(3)聚类分析(Cluster Analysis,CA)结果显示上海市河道污染水平在点位之间区别不大,而多维尺度分析(Multidimensional Scaling,MDS)显示上海市河道污染水平在点位之间具有一定差异,并与水质评价结果一致。(4)经生态修复后的河道水质优于修复前(P0.05),说明上海市人工水生态修复措施和生态型驳岸建设对改善河道水质有潜在价值。     

苏州工业园区水体浮游甲壳动物群落特征及其与环境因子的关系

于2012年6月至2013年5月,对苏州工业园区湖泊和河流水体的浮游甲壳动物组成及群落结构进行了研究,分析了浮游甲壳动物的密度和生物量的年度变化,探讨其分布与水体理化因子间的关系.结果表明：园区水体有枝角类6科12属24种,桡足类7科13属18种,其中短尾秀体溞、长额象鼻溞、汤匙华哲水蚤及近邻剑水蚤在不同水体中不同季节均为优势种.在湖泊水体和河流水体中,浮游甲壳动物的密度和生物量表现为夏、秋季较高,冬、春季较低,且在夏、秋季分别具有2个峰值.枝角类平均密度和生物量在河流水体中均高于湖泊水体,两者间均具有显著差异;桡足类的平均密度在河流水体和湖泊水体间差异不显著,而平均生物量要显著高于湖泊水体.湖泊水体和河流水体在溶解氧、pH、透明度、总溶解固体、盐度、总磷、总氮及铵氮含量上均存在显著差异;冗余分析表明无论是湖泊水体还是河流水体,多数浮游甲壳动物的分布与水温、盐度、化学需氧量(COD_Mn)和总磷等指数呈正相关,只有枝角类中的溞属、船卵溞属种类的分布与水体溶解氧、pH值及透明度呈正相关.     

再生水补给河道内芦苇的光谱特征及其对水体氮和磷含量的响应

再生水是城市景观河湖的重要补给水源, 然而再生水中含量较高的氮和磷营养盐会引起水体富营养化, 破坏水生态平衡。以再生水补给的潮白河为研究区, 运用高光谱技术分析了挺水植物芦苇(Phragmites australis)叶片的光谱特征, 并结合水质数据, 通过拟合模型, 探究了芦苇对再生水中氮和磷的响应关系。结果表明, 各采样点水体的总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)含量分别介于1.85-18.16 mg·L^-1及0.01-0.36 mg·L^-1之间, 叶绿素a (Chl a)和溶解氧(DO)含量的范围分别为0.60-47.45 μg·L^-1与4.24-11.4 mg·L^-1。水体富营养化较为严重, 但仍处于富氧环境。多重方差分析表明, 不同采样点之间水体的TN、TP和Chl a含量差异显著(P<0.05)。由光谱反射率及反射率一阶导数曲线可知, 水体TN含量越高, 叶片光谱在可见光区的反射率越小, 红边位置也越向波长长的方向移动(即红移)。相关分析表明, 水体TN和TP含量与吸光度值log(1/R)在可见光区的相关性较强, 且TN与log(1/R)的相关系数高于TP。芦苇叶片光谱可在一定程度上区分水体TN含量差异, 但TP对光谱特征的影响模式不明显。光谱指数与水体TN含量之间的拟合模型中, 基于光化学指数(PRI)、修正叶绿素吸收指数(MCARI)和导数叶绿素指数(DCI)的模型能够解释水体TN含量变化的62.4%-70.9% (P<0.05), 可用于再生水氮含量的定量监测。该研究证明了植物光谱技术在水体富营养化监测上的可行性, 为保障再生水修复河道水质和生态安全提供了科学依据。     

海河流域水体沉积物碳、氮、磷分布与污染评价

从全流域尺度上研究海河流域水体沉积物碳、氮、磷元素含量与分布特征,对研究海河流域水环境污染现状具有重要意义.本研究采集海河流域河流与水库163个表层沉积物(0～10 cm)样品,测定沉积物有机碳(TOC)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)的含量,运用有机指数与有机氮方法评价沉积物污染状况.结果表明: 海河流域沉积物TOC、TN、TP含量具有较大的空间异质性,下游平原区明显高于山区,北四河下游平原、黑龙港及运东平原含量较高,永定河山区、北三河山区、滦河流域含量相对较低,河流沉积物TOC含量显著高于水库沉积物,而TN、TP含量与水库沉积物没有显著差异.TN与TOC、TP含量呈显著正相关(r=0.704,P<0.01;r=0.250,P<0.01).全流域有机指数总体属于“较清洁”水平,北四河下游平原总体已接近有机污染水平.全流域有机氮总体处在“尚清洁”水平,北四河下游平原、黑龙港及运东平原流域存在有机氮污染.海河流域河流、水库沉积物具有相似的污染强度.沉积物C/N平均值为12.71,表明TOC多来源于藻类等浮游动植物,其次是高等植物,水库C/N值比河流高,陆源物质输入对水库沉积物TOC的贡献比对河流大.