苍牛防己黄芪汤联合西医疗法治疗乙肝肝硬化腹水的临床疗效

为探究苍牛防己黄芪汤联合西医疗法对乙肝肝硬化腹水患者的临床疗效,本研究以2016年5~10月期间我院收治的64例乙肝肝硬化腹水患者为研究对象,随机分成两组,每组32例,对照组使用常规西医疗法,治疗组在西医疗法的基础上再配合苍牛防己黄芪汤治疗。观察并比较两组患者连续治疗1个月后的中医症候疗效、腹水复发率临床疗效差异。结果显示,治疗组的中医症候积分均明显低于对照组,治疗组的中医症候疗效和临床综合疗效明显优于对照组,治疗组的腹水复发率明显低于对照组。这表明,苍牛防己黄芪汤辅助西医基础治疗可有效改善乙肝肝硬化腹水患者中医症候症状,提升治疗效果,降低治疗后腹水复发率,为乙肝肝硬化腹水患者临床治疗提供参考。     

几种常用中草药抗氧化活性研究(英文)

当归、黄芪、银杏叶、益母草、野甘草是中国传统中药材,几千年来一直为中国人民所认可,在中国和世界都具有重要的科研和药用价值。本研究采用HO·清除及对肝微粒体和亚油酸脂质过氧化抑制的方法,测定五种草药精油和水煮提取物的抗氧化活性;采用Folin—Ciocalteu试剂法测定它们的总酚含量;用肝细胞体外培养法测定它们的细胞毒性并对它们的作用机制进行分析。结果发现五种草药提取物都具有一定的抗氧化活性,尤其是益母草、野甘草、银杏叶的水煮提取物活性较强,其抗氧化活性与总酚含量存在较好的线形关系。此外,本论文还为研究这些草药的一些抗病机制提供参考依据。     

芍药甘草汤及其活性成分的脑保护作用机制研究概述

芍药甘草汤由东汉张仲景创立,仅有芍药和甘草两味药物组成,具有调和肝脾,缓急止痛的功效,是经典的止痛方剂,临床主要用于血虚津伤所导致的各种内脏疼痛,腓肠肌痉挛的治疗中。已经展开的基础研究主要集中解痉、止痛和抗炎方面的机理研究。近年逐步认识到芍药甘草汤及其活性成分在神经保护领域的作用,在脑卒中、帕金森病、阿尔海默氏症、癫痫等中枢神经系统疾病基础研究中,取得成果。文章研读近年来国内外相关文献,分别从芍药、甘草的活性成份以及芍药甘草汤方剂在脑保护领域进行的基础研究的进展做一综述,显示了芍药甘草汤及其活性成分可以抑制脑组织免疫炎症反应、抑制氧化反应、抗谷氨酸毒性,改善脑血流、抗细胞凋亡和保护神经元的作用,阐述了芍药甘草汤的多途径、多靶点的药理优势及在脑保护领域的应用前景。     

河北省丙型肝炎病毒基因分型研究

丙型肝炎病毒 (Hepatitis C virus, HCV)感染是输血后肝炎的主要原因[1],主要通过输血或使用污染的血制品传播[2],且与肝硬化和肝细胞癌的发生有密切关系.     

肝病患者肝细胞内HBV DNA原位杂交研究——形态、分布及意义

应用生物素标记HBV DNA(乙肝病毒脱氧核糖核酸)作探针,对129例肝病患者肝组织作原位杂交研究。发现HBV DNA主要存在肝细胞浆内,可分为胞浆致密型、疏松型和包涵体型。HBV DNA阳性肝细胞在肝实质中分为三种型:小叶型、局灶型与散在点状分布。HBV DNA在慢性活动型肝炎中检出率最高(81％),显著高于肝硬化,慢性小叶型肝炎、急性肝炎及原发性肝癌组。乙肝复制指标阳性患者肝细胞内HBV DNA检出率明显高于非复制组;并观察到HBV DNA阳性肝细胞与肝细胞坏死灶关系密切,多数紧紧毗邻肝细胞坏死灶/或和位于坏死灶中间,尤以局灶型分布的HBV DNA阳性肝细胞为显著。     

促肝细胞生长物质对实验性肝损伤动物的肝脏修复作用

本实验测定了促肝细胞生长物质对CCl4 诱导的中毒性肝损伤及D 氨基半乳糖致急性肝衰竭的动物的恢复与治疗作用 ,发现促肝细胞生长物质能促进受损肝细胞的增长 ,迅速降低肝损伤后的ALT水平 ,降低肝衰竭动物的死亡率 ,对肝脏起很好的保护作用。并发现促肝细胞生长物质还能减少受损肝组织中的纤维细胞 ,防止肝硬化的形成。     

黄芪三七复方两种不同制备方法活性组分与功效对比研究

摘要 目的：对比分析黄芪三七复方经本草提取机器快速制备的汤液（HSQ）与传统煎煮汤液（HS）的活性组分、免疫功能及抗氧化活性，探索传统中药复方汤药制备新技术。方法：采用粒度分析仪对黄芪和三七复方本草提取液HSQ和传统汤液HS提取物进行了粒度分析，并用可见分光光度法对其总多糖和总皂苷活性成分的含量进行了分析。腹腔注射抗肿瘤药物阿霉素和灌胃地塞米松分别在NIH小鼠上诱导两种免疫功能紊乱的动物模型。同时，灌胃给予HSQ和HS 连续4周，并通过计算其胸腺和脾脏指数来评估其对免疫功能障碍的调节作用。采用可见光分光光度法测定HSQ和HS与NIH小鼠脑组织匀浆液体外孵育后MDA（丙二醛）含量的变化。结果：与传统汤液HS相比，黄芪三七复方本草提取液HSQ的颗粒平均粒径约为HS的32.7%，尺寸更小、更均一，而且HSQ中总多糖与总皂苷含量显著增加，分别提升27%和50%。在抑制抗肿瘤药物阿霉素引起的小鼠胸腺萎缩，以及激素地塞米松引起的脾脏萎缩等免疫系统紊乱方面也具有更好的活性。另外，黄芪三七复方本草提取液HSQ在体外对MDA生成的抑制率比传统汤液HS高47%，其抗氧化活性更优。结论：相对传统汤液HS，黄芪三七复方本草提取液HSQ拥有更好的微纳形态，具有更高水平的总皂苷与总多糖等活性成分，并且表现出更好的免疫调控与抗氧化活性，该研究对传统汤液制备技术的创新具有较好的示范研究与探索意义。     

肝硬化患者肝脏表皮生长因子受体的表达及其意义

作者采用免疫组织化学方法研究８例肝硬化患者及６例非肝病患者肝脏表皮生长因子（ＥＧＦ）受体的表达及意义。结果显示肝硬化患者肝细胞核出现ＥＧＦ受体阳性反应;增生的小胆管上皮细胞呈ＥＧＦ受体强阳性反应并出现细胞核ＥＧＦ受体。提示肝硬化患者肝脏ＥＧＦ受体分布与对照组肝脏明显不同。肝硬化患者肝细胞核内ＥＧＦ受体可能与维持肝实质细胞数量有关;ＥＧＦ与胆管上皮细胞增生有关     

农杆菌介导5种中草药叶片瞬时表达的研究

农杆菌介导的瞬时基因表达因其操作简单、可重复性高和实验成本低而成为研究基因功能、生产活性蛋白的有效方法。该研究以非病毒型(载体Ⅰ)和病毒型二元载体(载体Ⅱ)及两种农杆菌(EHA105、LBA4404)为介导,通过叶片渗透法在5种中草药(甘草、黄芩、黄芪、大黄、板蓝根)叶片中进行报告基因GFP的瞬时表达,并对影响表达的因素进行分析,以明确中药材中适宜瞬时表达技术应用的物种材料。结果显示:(1)农杆菌在5种中草药叶片中的瞬时转化效率受到载体、菌株和植物物种类型的影响。(2)在所选的5种中草药植物中,与无转化载体的菌株相比,当农杆菌重悬液OD_(600)为0.8、叶片侵染5～7 d时,含非病毒型二元载体的EHA105菌株在甘草叶片中荧光强度最高,大黄次之;含病毒型二元载体的LBA4404菌株在黄芩叶片中GFP荧光表达量最高;含不同载体的不同菌液侵染的甘草、黄芪叶片仅有注射孔处检测出荧光或几乎无荧光蛋白表达,即未向四周扩散表达;在板蓝根叶片中检测出弱荧光或无荧光强度。研究表明,甘草和黄芩植物叶片可作为农杆菌介导基因瞬时表达的材料。     

黄芪汤对延缓~(12)C~(6+)离子辐射致大鼠肾组织细胞凋亡的影响及相关机制

目的:探讨黄芪汤抑制~(12)C~(6+)离子辐射脑模型鼠肾组织细胞凋亡的分子保护机制。方法:50只SPF级Wistar大鼠随机分为正常对照组,单纯辐射模型组,黄芪汤(高、中、低剂量)组。正常对照组和单纯辐射模型组给予等体积生理盐水灌胃10 ml/(kg·d),黄芪汤治疗组分别灌胃给予黄芪汤18、9、4.5 g/(kg·d),连续给药2周。7d后除正常对照组外,其余各组大鼠脑组织给予4Gy~(12)C~(6+)离子束单次照射,辐射后第7日处死各组大鼠。HE染色法观察大鼠肾脏的病理形态变化,ELISA法检测大鼠血清IL-6的含量,实时荧光定量PCR法测定大鼠肾脏Bcl-2、Bax和Caspase-3的基因表达,免疫组化法检测大鼠肾脏Bcl-2、Bax、Caspase-3和NF-κB的蛋白表达。结果:与正常对照组比较,单纯辐射模型组体重和肾脏指数均显著降低,血清IL-6的含量显著升高,肾脏Bcl-2的基因表达和蛋白表达均显著降低,Bax和Caspase-3的基因表达和蛋白表达均显著升高,NF-κB的蛋白表达也显著升高(P0.01),单纯辐射组肾小球系膜细胞明显增生,肾小管间质血管明显扩张充血,肾小管管腔狭窄、不规则。与单纯辐射模型组相比,黄芪汤高剂量组体重和肾脏指数均明显升高,黄芪汤各干预组肾脏Bcl-2的基因表达和蛋白表达均显著升高(P0.05或P0.01);而黄芪汤中、高剂量组Bax和Caspase-3的蛋白表达均显著降低,各干预组血清IL-6的含量显著降低,肾脏Bax和Caspase-3的基因表达均显著降低,肾脏NF-κB的蛋白表达显著下降(P0.05或P0.01),黄芪汤高剂量组可见肾小球系膜细胞增生情况明显改善,肾小管轮廓清晰。结论:黄芪汤对~(12)C~(6+)离子辐射脑模型鼠的肾损伤具有一定的防护作用,其作用机制可能与调控Bcl-2/NF-κB信号通路有关。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).