传输靶向COX-2 siRNA联合化疗药物对大鼠胃癌细胞生长的抑制作用

目的：通过动物实验探讨传输靶向COX-2siRNA联合化疗药物对大鼠胃癌细胞生长的抑制作用。方法：24只健康SD大鼠平分为三组,治疗组用COX-2-siRNA转染的胃癌SGC7901细胞接种,同时进行环磷酰胺、丝裂霉素C化疗治疗;阴性对照组,用阴性对照siRNA转染的胃癌SGC7901细胞接种,同时进行环磷酰胺、丝裂霉素C化疗治疗;对照组（n=8）,用未经转染的胃癌SGC7901细胞接种,不进行化疗治疗;三组转染后都接种了裸鼠。结果：治疗组、阴性对照组及对照组胃癌细胞凋亡率分别为（22．28±0．12）％、（1．23±0．17）％和（1．03±0．14）％,治疗组与阴性对照组和对照组比较差异都有统计学意义（t=18．152,17．555,P〈0．05）。治疗组的抑瘤率为76．7％,阴性对照组和对照组分别为12．8％和6．89％,治疗组的抑瘤率明显高于其他两组（x^2=15．211,13．899,P〈0．05）。Western blotting检测结果显示治疗组的COX-2蛋白表达含量得到了明显抑制。结论：传输靶向COX-2 siRNA和化疗药物的配合应用可有效抑制COX-2蛋白的表达,从而抑制胃癌细胞的生长,从而起到更好的治疗效果。     

慢病毒siRNA靶向干扰YAP基因胃癌细胞株的建立

目的：构建并鉴定YAP基因短发夹干扰RNA（shRNA）慢病毒载体,建立稳定干扰YAP基因表达的胃癌细胞株SGC7901。方法：荧光定量PCR检测YAP基因在多种胃癌细胞株中的表达情况。构建重组靶向YAP基因的shRNA慢病毒表达质粒PGC-shRNA-YAP,用脂质体转染的方法将载体导入胃癌细胞。经杀稻瘟菌素筛选后,建立稳定表达siRNA的细胞株。荧光定量PCR检测干扰效率。结果：在胃癌细胞株SGC7901中,YAP基因显示高表达。测序验证PGC-shRNA-YAP重组质粒构建成功。将重组质粒稳定转染入胃癌细胞株SGC7901后能明显抑制YAPmRNA表达水平。结论：成功构建了PGC-shRNA-YAP慢病毒重组质粒,建立了靶向稳定干扰YAP基因表达的siRNA胃癌细胞株SGC7901。     

慢病毒siRNA靶向干扰YAP基因胃癌细胞株的建立

目的:构建并鉴定YAP基因短发夹干扰RNA(shRNA)慢病毒载体,建立稳定干扰YAP基因表达的胃癌细胞株SGC7901。方法:荧光定量PCR检测YAP基因在多种胃癌细胞株中的表达情况。构建重组靶向YAP基因的shRNA慢病毒表达质粒PGC-shRNA-YAP,用脂质体转染的方法将载体导入胃癌细胞。经杀稻瘟菌素筛选后,建立稳定表达siRNA的细胞株。荧光定量PCR检测干扰效率。结果:在胃癌细胞株SGC7901中,YAP基因显示高表达。测序验证PGC-shRNA-YAP重组质粒构建成功。将重组质粒稳定转染入胃癌细胞株SGC7901后能明显抑制YAPmRNA表达水平。结论:成功构建了PGC-shRNA-YAP慢病毒重组质粒,建立了靶向稳定干扰YAP基因表达的siRNA胃癌细胞株SGC7901。     

CD147-shRNA对胃癌细胞CD147表达的抑制作用

目的:构建CD147-shRNA重组质粒并检测其对胃癌细胞SGC7901内源性CD147表达的抑制作用。方法:构建靶向CD147的siRNA表达载体pSilencer-CD147siRNA,稳定转染至SGC7901细胞中,通过Real-time PCR和Western blot法检测转染细胞中CD147表达水平的变化。结果:酶切鉴定和测序证实成功构建pSilencer-siRNA1,pSilencer-siRNA2和pSilencer-negative,转染后SGC7901中CD147表达水平显著降,而以pSilencer-siRNA2抑制作用最为显著。结论:构建pSilencer-CD147siRNA成功,并筛选出基因抑制效果抑制最佳的pSilencer-siRNA2,为进一步实验打下了基础。     

长链非编码RNA UCA1在胃癌多药耐药中的作用研究

目的:研究胃癌耐药细胞及其亲本细胞中长链非编码RNA UCA1的表达差异,探讨UCA1在胃癌多药耐药中的作用。方法:通过实时荧光定量PCR(q RT-PCR)检测胃癌耐药细胞SGC7901/ADR、SGC7901/VCR及其亲本细胞SGC7901中UCA1的表达差异;通过si RNA转染降低SGC7901/ADR中UCA1表达,MTT法检测细胞半数抑制浓度(IC50)的变化,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡变化。结果:QRT-PCR结果显示,UCA1在SGC7901/ADR和SGC7901/VCR胃癌耐药细胞表达显著高于SGC7901胃癌亲本细胞;MTT实验表明,干扰UCA1的SGC7901/ADR相对于阴性对照(NC)组的IC50显著降低;凋亡检测结果显示,在相同剂量化疗药物作用下,干扰UCA1后SGC7901/ADR凋亡率显著高于NC组;Western blot证实,干扰UCA1表达可显著降低BCL-2蛋白表达。结论:长链非编码RNA UCA1在胃癌耐药细胞表达显著升高,干扰UCA1表达可明显逆转胃癌耐药,UCA1可作为治疗胃癌耐药的重要分子靶标。     

RNA干扰NRP2基因表达对胃癌细胞SGC7901裸鼠移植瘤的抑制作用

目的:探讨特异性抑制NRP2基因表达对人胃癌细胞SGC7901裸鼠移植瘤生长及淋巴管新生的影响。方法:采用小RNA干扰方法,构建shNRP2质粒,稳定转染入SGC7901细胞株,Westen blot检测转染前后NRP2蛋白的表达。建立人胃癌细胞SGC7901裸鼠移植瘤模型,随机分为shNRP2组(实验组)、shCon组(HK阴性对照组)和正常对照组,观察移植瘤的生长情况。6周后处死裸鼠,免疫组化检测NRP2蛋白的表达及微淋巴管密度(Micro-vessel density,MLD)。结果:成功构建shNRP2质粒,与另两组比较,shNRP2组细胞NRP2蛋白表达明显降低,且移植瘤组织生长、NRP2表达及MLD明显受抑制。结论:抑制NRP2基因的表达,可以抑制胃癌裸鼠移植瘤的生长及淋巴管的形成,NRP2基因有可能成为一个潜在的胃癌生物治疗靶点。     

靶向survivin 的siRNA 联合5-FU 转染抑制肝细胞株HepG2 增殖的研究

目的:研究靶向survivin的(小分子干扰RNA)siRNA和(氟尿嘧啶)5-FU联用对肝癌细胞HepG2的增殖抑制及凋亡的影响。方法:将HepG2细胞分为空白对照组、阴性对照组、5-FU处理组、siRNA转染组、5-FU+siRNA转染组。转染采用脂质体法。RT-PCR法检测HepG2细胞survivin mRNA转录水平;MTT法检测靶向survivin的siRNA和5-FU对HepG2细胞增殖的抑制作用;流式细胞术检测HepG2细胞凋亡情况。结果:空白对照组、阴性对照组、5-FU处理组survivin mRNA表达无明显变化(P>0.05),siRNA转染组、5-FU+siRNA转染组survivin mRNA表达明显下降(F=280.326,q=4.72~7.34,P<0.05)。5-FU+siRNA转染组增殖抑制率为51.58%±1.35%,与其它各组相比抑制率明显增高(F=280.326,q=5.27~9.84,P<0.05)。5-FU+siRNA组与其它各组相比细胞凋亡率明显增高(F=13568.68,q=110.47～327.16,P<0.01)。结论:将靶向survivin的siRNA和5-FU联合应用可以显著抑制肝癌细胞survivin基因表达,并协同抑制HepG2细胞增殖,共同发挥诱导细胞凋亡作用。     

下调UCA1通过靶向miR-23b及其下游靶基因抑制胃癌细胞的增殖和转移

摘要 目的：探讨长链非编码RNA尿路上皮癌相关基因1（UCA1）调控胃癌细胞增殖和转移的分子机制。方法：将人胃癌细胞株SGC7901分为：对照组、siRNA-NC组、siRNA-UCA1组、inhibitor-NC组和miR-inhibitor组、si-UCA1+inhibitor-NC组和si-UCA1+miR-inhibitor组。对SGC7901细胞分别转染siRNA-UCA1及阴性对照（siRNA-NC）、miR-inhibitor及阴性对照（inhibitor-NC）,未转染的细胞作为对照组。通过RT-qPCR检测细胞中UCA1和miR-23b-3p的水平。通过CCK-8法、伤口愈合实验和Transwell实验评价细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力。通过Western blot分析细胞中IL6R、BCL2和HSP90B1蛋白的表达。使用pcDNA-UCA1/pcDNA-NC与pGL3-miR-23b-3p-WT/pGL3-miR-23b-3p-Mut共转染细胞,通过双荧光素酶报告实验验证UCA1与miR-23b-3p的靶向关系。结果：细胞培养48 h和72 h后,与对照组比较,siRNA-UCA1组的细胞活力分别降低了31.58%和31.40%（P<0.05）。与对照组比较,siRNA-UCA1组的细胞迁移率[(61.46±5.43)% vs (23.16±3.17)%]、侵袭细胞数量（109.17±9.66 vs 50.83±6.96）、IL6R、BCL2和HSP90B1的蛋白相对表达量均显著降低,而miR-23b-3p相对表达量升高（P<0.05）。与pGL3-miR-23b-3p-WT共转染后,与pcDNA-NC组比较,pcDNA-UCA1组的相对荧光酶活性降低了66.12%（P<0.05）。与si-UCA1+inhibitor-NC组比较,si-UCA1+miR-inhibitor组的细胞活力、细胞迁移率、侵袭细胞数量、IL6R、BCL2和HSP90B1的蛋白相对表达量均显著升高（P<0.05）。结论：下调UCA1通过靶向miR-23b-3p及其下游基因IL6R、BCL2和HSP90B1来抑制胃癌细胞的增殖和转移。     

迁移侵袭抑制蛋白抑制胃癌细胞增殖迁移及侵袭

目的检测迁移侵袭抑制蛋白(migration and invasion inhibi tory protein,MIIP)基因在胃癌中的表达情况及其在胃癌发生发展过程中起到的作用,为探究胃癌发生的分子机制和靶向治疗提供实验依据。方法 Western blot和免疫组织化学法检测MIIP在胃癌组织的表达。胃癌SGC7901细胞中转染MIIP过表达质粒及其空质粒,应用细胞功能学实验检测MIIP过表达对胃癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭能力的影响。结果 MIIP在胃癌组织标本中的表达低于癌旁正常胃粘膜;细胞功能实验结果显示,MIIP过表达可抑制胃癌细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力。结论过表达MIIP可以抑制胃癌SGC7901细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭的能力。     

慢病毒介导的siRNA联合紫杉醇抑制胃癌细胞增殖的研究

目的:探讨慢病毒介导的靶向血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的RNAi对人胃癌细胞SGC7901增殖、细胞凋亡及紫杉醇药物敏感性的影响.方法:慢病毒VEGF-RNAi-LV感染SGC7901细胞后,MTT法检测RNAi及RNAi联合紫杉醇对细胞增殖的影响,流式细胞术检测细胞周期的变化,Hoechst33258染色观察细胞的凋亡.结果:MTT结果显示:与未感染病毒的SGC7901细胞及感染阴性病毒对照NC-LV的胃癌细胞比较,VEGF-RNAi-LV感染后的胃癌细胞生长缓慢,对紫杉醇的敏感性增加;流式细胞周期分析结果表明VEGF-RNAi-LV转粢后的细胞GO/GI期比例升高,S期和G2/M期比例降低;Hoechst33258染色结果证实VEGF-RNAi-LV组细胞核出现典型的凋亡形态学改变.结论:慢病毒介导的RNAi可明显抑制人胃癌细胞增殖,促进细胞凋亡,提高胃癌细胞对紫杉醇的敏感性.     

Depression of MAD2 inhibits apoptosis of gastric cancer cells by upregulating Bcl-2 and interfering mitochondrion pathway

Mitotic arrest deficient 2 (MAD2) is an essential component of the mitotic spindle checkpoint pathway. It was previously shown to be associated with drug resistance of tumor cells. To further explore the roles of MAD2 in responses of gastric cancer cells to chemotherapy drugs, we constructed the siRNA vectors of MAD2 and transfected them into gastric cancer SGC7901 cells to inhibit expression of MAD2. MTT assay showed that the downregulation of MAD2 increased the resistance of SGC7901 cells to spindle inhibitors and DNA damaging agents. The apoptosis rates of gastric cancer cells transfected with MAD2-siRNA were 10.7% and 10%, respectively, after treated by 1.0microg/ml VCR and cisplatin. In contrast, the apoptosis rates of SGC7901 and SGC7901/psilencer3.1 induced by VCR were 43.2%, 38.7%; and that induced by cispaltin were 34.1%, 31.4%. The ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax was much higher in the MAD2-siRNA transfectants compared with the SGC7901/psilencer. In SGC7901/psilencer, cytochrome c and cleaved caspase 3 protein levels increased along with the exposure time increased. However, these protein levels of SGC7901/MAD2-siRNA had no changes during the drug treatment. These results indicate that down regulation of MAD2 could promote the drug resistance of gastric cancer cells and inhibit anticancer drugs induced-apoptosis by upregulating Bcl-2 and interfering the mitochondrion apoptosis pathway.     

Mad2beta, an alternative variant of Mad2 reducing mitotic arrest and apoptosis induced by adriamycin in gastric cancer cells

Mad2beta is an alternative splicing variant of spindle checkpoint gene mad2, which was previously found by us and was related to the drug resistance in gastric cancer cells. In this paper, we explored the molecular mechanisms that Mad2beta variant promoted the formation of multidrug resistance in gastric cancer cells. We found that Mad2beta variant was detected only in the two human drug resistant gastric cancer cell sublines SGC7901/VCR and SGC7901/ADR, and it did not appear in its parental cell line SGC7901 and other detected gastric cancer cell lines. Expressions of Mad2 mRNA and protein in SGC7901 cells transfected with Mad2beta, SGC7901/VCR and SGC7901/ADR were significantly lower than that in SGC7901 cells. Moreover, SGC7901 cells overexpressing Mad2beta variant became more resistant to adriamycin, vincristine and mitomycin by abrogating mitotic arrest and apoptosis. This suggests that expression of Mad2beta variant decreases the relative expression of efficient MAD2, which may help gastric cancer cells to develop the phenotype of multidrug resistance.     

FPR2介导内外源性配体HP(2-20)/ANXA1促进胃癌细胞侵袭和转移

目的:分析FPR2在内外源性配体对胃癌细胞侵袭和转移影响中的作用。方法:采用构建成功的XN0422/SGC7901-mock细胞和XN0422/SGC7901-sh FPR2低表达细胞,通过划痕实验、transwell实验观察和比较FPR2的内外源性配体-HP(2-20)/ANXA1对XN0422/SGC7901迁移和增殖的影响。结果:HP(2-20)/ANXA1处理的XN0422/SGC7901-mock和XN0422/SGC7901-sh FPR2细胞侵袭和转移能力均相较于DMSO处理的XN0422/SGC7901-mock和XN0422/SGC7901-sh FPR2细胞明显增强(P0.05),且XN0422/SGC7901-mock组细胞的侵袭转移能力明显优于XN0422/SGC7901-sh FPR2组细胞(P0.05)。结论:HP2-20和Ac2-26可以促进胃癌细胞的侵袭和迁移,而这一作用与FPR2有关。     

MEK5基因siRNA重组腺病毒表达载体的构建及其对MEK5的表达抑制

目的 构建人MEK5基因的小干扰RNA（siRNA）重组腺病毒表达载体,观察其在胃腺癌SGC7901细胞中对MEK5的表达抑制.方法 设计并合成针对人MEK5基因3个不同部位siRNA靶点的模板DNA序列,以MluⅠ及XhoⅠ克隆入pRNAT-H1.1/Adeno穿梭载体中,将得到的重组穿梭质粒用PmeⅠ线性化后在大肠埃希菌BJ5183中与腺病毒骨架质粒pAdEasy-1进行同源重组.将PacⅠ酶切鉴定正确的重组腺病毒质粒经乙醇沉淀后转染293A细胞,包装得到具有感染能力的pAd-MEK5-siRNA重组腺病毒.病毒体外转导人胃腺癌SGC7901细胞,Western印迹法检测其对MEK5表达的抑制.结果 经酶切和测序鉴定均证实pAd-MEK5-siRNA重组腺病毒载体构建成功,其插入序列正确无误.Western印迹检测结果显示pAd-MEK5-siRNA2可抑制MEK5基因的表达,其有效抑制率达75.5 %.结论本研究成功地构建了针对人MEK5基因的siRNA重组腺病毒载体,为进一步深入研究MEK5基因在人胃腺癌细胞中的作用和功能奠定了基础.     

应用蛋白质组学技术筛选胃癌耐药相关蛋白质

胃癌多药耐药性是临床胃癌化疗失败最主要的原因之一,但其分子机制仍然不太清楚.为了寻找新的胃癌耐药相关的蛋白质,揭示胃癌多药耐药的分子机制,以胃癌细胞SGC7901和长春新碱诱导的耐药胃癌细胞SGC7901/VCR为研究对象,应用二维凝胶电泳(two-dimensionalelectrophoresis,2-DE)技术分离两种细胞的总蛋白质,图像分析识别差异表达的蛋白质点,基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(matrix-assistedlaserdesorption/ionizationtimeofflightmassspectrometry,MALDI-TOF-MS)及电喷雾电离串联质谱(electrosprayionizationtandemmassspectrometry,ESI-Q-TOF)对差异表达的蛋白质点进行鉴定,蛋白质印迹和实时RT-PCR验证部分差异蛋白质在两株细胞中的表达水平,反义核酸转染技术分析HSP27(heatshockprotein27,HSP27)高表达与SGC7901/VCR耐药的相关性.得到了分辨率较高、重复性较好的两株细胞系的二维凝胶电泳图谱,质谱分析共鉴定了24个差异蛋白质点,蛋白质印迹和实时RT-PCR验证了部分差异蛋白的表达水平,反义寡核苷酸抑制HSP27表达能增加SGC7901/VCR对长春新碱的敏感性.研究结果不仅提示这些差异蛋白质如HSP27,Sorcin等可能与胃癌的多药耐药相关,而且为揭示胃癌细胞的多药耐药性产生机制提供了线索.     

Reversal effects of pantoprazole on multidrug resistance in human gastric adenocarcinoma cells by down-regulating the V-ATPases/mTOR/HIF-1α/P-gp and MRP1 signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo

To investigate reversal effects of pantoprazole (PPZ) on multidrug resistance (MDR) in human gastric adenocarcinoma cells in vivo and in vitro. Human gastric adenocarcinoma cell SGC7901 was cultured in RPMI‐1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and antibiotics in a humidified 5% CO₂ atmosphere at 37°C. Adriamycin (ADR)‐resistant cells were cultured with addition of 0.8 µg/ml of ADR maintaining MDR phenotype. ADR was used to calculate ADR releasing index; CCK‐8 Assay was performed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of anti‐tumor drugs; BCECF‐AM pH‐sensitive fluorescent probe was used to measure intracellular pH (pHi) value of cells, whereas pH value of medium was considered as extracellular pH (pHe) value; Western blotting and immunofluorescent staining analyses were employed to determine protein expressions and intracellular distributions of vacuolar H⁺‐ATPases (V‐ATPases), mTOR, HIF‐1α, P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp), and multidrug resistant protein 1 (MRP1); SGC7901 and SGC7901/ADR cells were inoculated in athymic nude mice. Thereafter, effects of ADR with or without PPZ pretreatment were compared by determining the tumor size and weight, apoptotic cells in tumor tissues were detected by TUNEL assay. At concentrations greater than 20 µg/ml, PPZ pretreatment reduced ADR releasing index and significantly enhanced intracellular ADR concentration of SGC7901 (P < 0.01). Similarly, PPZ pretreatment significantly decreased ADR releasing index of SGC7901/ADR dose‐dependently (P < 0.01). PPZ pretreatment also decreased cell viabilities of SGG7901 and SGC7901/ADR dose‐dependently. After 24‐h PPZ pretreatment, administration of chemotherapeutic agents demonstrated maximal cytotoxic effects on SGC7901 and SGC7901/ADR cells (P < 0.05). The resistance index in PPZ pretreatment group was significantly lower than that in non‐PPZ pretreatment group (3.71 vs. 14.80). PPZ at concentration >10 µg/ml significantly decreased pHi in SGC7901 and SGC7901/ADR cells and diminished or reversed transmembrane pH gradient (P < 0.05). PPZ pretreatment also significantly inhibited protein expressions of V‐ATPases, mTOR, HIF‐1α, P‐gp, and MRP1, and alter intracellular expressions in parent and ADR‐resistant cells (P < 0.05). In vivo experiments further confirmed that PPZ pretreatment could enhance anti‐tumor effects of ADR on xenografted tumor of nude mice and also improve the apoptotic index in xenografted tumor tissues. PPZ pretreatment enhances the cytotoxic effects of anti‐tumor drugs on SGC7901 and reverse MDR of SGC7901/ADR by downregulating the V‐ATPases/mTOR/HIF‐1α/P‐gp and MRP1 signaling pathway. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 2474–2487, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Ribosomal proteins S13 and L23 promote multidrug resistance in gastric cancer cells by suppressing drug-induced apoptosis

Ribosomal proteins (RP) S13 and RPL23 were previously identified as two upregulated genes in a multidrug-resistant gastric cancer cell line SGC7901/VCR compared to its parental cell SGC7901 by differential display PCR. The aim of this study was to explore the roles of RPS13 and RPL23 in multidrug resistance (MDR) in gastric cancer cells. RPS13 and RPL23 were genetically overexpressed in SGC7901 cells, respectively. Either RPS13 or RPL23 enhanced resistance of SGC7901 cells to vincristine, adriamycin, and 5-fludrouracil. RPL23 also enhanced resistance of SGC7901 cells to cisplatin. Overexpression of either RPS13 or RPL23 did not alter the population doubling time, [³H]leucine incorporation, and intracellular adriamycin accumulation of SGC7901 cells. However, either RPS13 or RPL23 could protect SGC7901 cells from undergoing vincristine-induced apoptosis. Western blot analysis revealed that both RPS13 and RPL23 significantly increased the expression level of Bcl-2 and Bcl-2/Bax ratio in SGC7901 cells. In addition, overexpression of RPL23 enhanced glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity and intracellular glutathione content in SGC7901 cells. Together, this work demonstrates that either RPS13 or RPL23 can promote MDR in gastric cancer cells by suppressing drug-induced apoptosis, and that RPL23 may also promote MDR in gastric cancer cells through regulation of glutathione S-transferase-mediated drug-detoxifying system.