共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 64 毫秒
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对全国６７８个样点统一选用１５个生态因子,包括地理坐标（Ｘ）３个变量,气象因子（Ｙ）１２个变量。进行因子相关分析（ＣＡ）,典型相关检验,选择第１典型变量（ＣＡ１）的坐标２元数据,跟进采用主成分分析（ＰＣＡ）。根据主成分贡献大小,确定第１主万分成分对应的样点１元坐标为生态梯度轴（值）,即ＥＧＡ（ＣＡ１－ＰＧ１）。绘制样占梯度图定量区划林木育种区,并根据区划原则进行拟合与校正。最终将全国区划为１０个林 相似文献
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通过构建濒危植物桫椤(Alsophila spinulosa)个体生态场梯度模型,研究桫椤个体生态场梯度的变化特征.随着与场源距离的增加,桫椤个体生态场梯度先逐渐升高,达到最大值后又逐渐降低并收敛于零,其变化形式符合Rayleigh分布.不同地段的桫椤种群个体场梯度大小变化幅度不同,最大场梯度值以及出现最大场梯度时的作用妹距离亦不相同.随作用距离增加,场梯度的收敛速度差异增大. 相似文献
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采用RAPD技术分析测定了3个马尾松海拔梯度种群的分子遗传 征。马尾松种群中遗传多样性较高,AMOVA软件分析Euclidean系数SSD总和达8164.116;L1、L2、L3三个种群的遗传多样性分别为7.4832、7.4011、7.0332。种群间的分化程度较低,大部分变异存在于种群内（约≥97％）,种群间仅占一小部分（约≤2％）;相关性分析表明种群的遗传多样性与土壤的总氮量呈显著负相关性（P＜0.05）,而与其它生态因子相关关系不显著;虽然种群间遗传距离值均很低（L1－L2、L2－L3、L1－L3分别为－0.0002、0.0001、0.0051）,但其值与海拔差距呈显著正相关性。 相似文献
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多性状综合遗传效应测定方法的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
应用主成分分析原理提出测定多个交配组合多性状综合遗传效应的方法,将多性状综合遗传效 各主成分遗传效应与其相对重要树重乘积和,此法消除了性状间相关和环境因素的影响,得到的多性状综合遗传效应可以互相比较,便于选出最佳交配组合用于动物生产。 相似文献
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在瑞士阿尔卑斯山的2个定点样地,黄花茅从森林线（海拔1700 m）到山顶（海拔2830 m）呈连续分布。在海拔梯度样带的最高和最低定样场所间的垂直距离差不多为1000 m,但2个定样场所间相距仅仅1.4 km。在所研究的3个海拔梯度样带中,3个同工酶位点（Px_1, Got_2和 Mdh_1）被观察到有统计意义的倾群变异。研究结果显示：沿海拔梯度样带的亚居群间的基因流可能太弱不足以克服自然选择的影响,后者促使对局部环境的适应。在这种情况下,温度因子至少可能作为一种主要的自然选择力起作用。 相似文献
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石爬(鱼兆)属鱼类的青石爬(鱼兆)和黄石爬(鱼兆)的物种界限一直不清楚.采用形态判别和线粒体16S rRNA基因序列分析相结合的方法,分别研究分析了青石爬(鱼兆)和黄石爬(鱼兆)的物种划分、地理分化及遗传多态性.结果表明:(1)区别青石爬(鱼兆)和黄石爬(鱼兆)的重要特征腹鳍起点至臀鳍起点的距离是否大于至鳃孔下角的距离,腹鳍相对位置,头部相对大小与上颌须的须状延长部分等相互之间有一定的相关性,但是在研究的样本中没有截然的界限,而是有较大的重叠,难以区分;(2)从地埋分布看,金沙江不同支流的样本在上述特征上有一定的区别,但是没有发现青衣江的样本与其他支流的样本有截然的界限和明显的地理变化规律;(3)548 bp序列中,检测出2个多态位点,多态位点的比例为0.365%;(4)青石爬(鱼兆)和黄石爬(鱼兆)间的遗传差异极小,平均遗传距离仅为0.075%;(5)石爬(鱼兆)属鱼类个体间也无明显差异,遗传距离为0-0.381%,平均为0.069%.因此石爬(鱼兆)属鱼类划分为一个种更为客观,黄石爬(鱼兆)为青石爬(鱼兆)的同物异名. 相似文献
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在对翅碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)生物量、密度、株高、盖度、多度相关性分析的基础上选取了生物量作为翅碱蓬生物指标,利用高斯模型分析了黄河三角洲翅碱蓬种群沿水深、土壤盐分的生态阈值,翅碱蓬最适水深为-0.42m,水深生态阈值区间为[-0 92,0.08](m),水深最适生态阈值区间为[-0.67,-0.17](m);最适土壤盐分为12.71 g/kg左右,其盐分生态阈值区间为[5 17,20.25](g/kg),盐分最适生态阈值区间为[8.94,16.48](g/kg).通过分析不同实验区的水盐关系及其交互作用,探讨了水盐交互作用对翅碱蓬生长的影响.最后,通过离差平方和聚类分析,将3个实验区69个样地划分为7类.随着水深和盐分的梯度变化,7类样地的翅碱蓬群落呈现明显的演替. 相似文献
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内蒙古中东部草原不同生境克氏针茅（Stipa krylovii Roshev.）种群的形态差异分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对内蒙古中东部草原分布的克氏针茅进行了种群内和种群间的形态差异分析。结果表明：（1）种群内不同的形态性状存在不同程度的差异;（2）种群间生殖枝中的一部分形态性状以及营养枝高度和营养枝干重均存在较大差异;（3）每穗小花数、每穗籽粒数、每穗小穗数、生殖枝高、穗干重、生殖枝干重、每穗种子重、种子重/生殖枝重比等性状的变化趋势相同,均表现为随生境条件变差而增加,即在生殖上投入增加以增大适合度;（4）主成分分析表明穗长、种子重/生殖枝重比、每穗小花数、每穗籽粒数、生殖枝高、基盘长、第二芒柱长、营养枝高、千粒重、芒针长是不同种群差异的主要指标。这些形态性状的差异可以看作克氏针茅对不同生境的适应性表现。 相似文献
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Sheel Bansal Constance A. Harrington John Bradley St. Clair 《Ecology and evolution》2016,6(7):2074-2083
- Drought and freeze events are two of the most common forms of climate extremes which result in tree damage or death, and the frequency and intensity of both stressors may increase with climate change. Few studies have examined natural covariation in stress tolerance traits to cope with multiple stressors among wild plant populations.
- We assessed the capacity of coastal Douglas‐fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii), an ecologically and economically important species in the northwestern USA, to tolerate both drought and cold stress on 35 populations grown in common gardens. We used principal components analysis to combine drought and cold hardiness trait data into generalized stress hardiness traits to model geographic variation in hardiness as a function of climate across the Douglas‐fir range.
- Drought and cold hardiness converged among populations along winter temperature gradients and diverged along summer precipitation gradients. Populations originating in regions with cold winters had relatively high tolerance to both drought and cold stress, which is likely due to overlapping adaptations for coping with winter desiccation. Populations from regions with dry summers had increased drought hardiness but reduced cold hardiness, suggesting a trade‐off in tolerance mechanisms.
- Our findings highlight the necessity to look beyond bivariate trait–climate relationships and instead consider multiple traits and climate variables to effectively model and manage for the impacts of climate change on widespread species.
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Anne J. Franklin rew M. Liebhold Kathleen Murray Charlene Donahue 《Ecological Entomology》2003,28(3):278-290
Abstract. 1. Geographical distributions of individual foliage‐feeding forest herbivore species have been found to be aligned closely with the distribution of their host trees, however little is known about the extent to which broad herbivore communities are geographically associated with distinct host communities. 2. Large‐scale geographic variation in canopy herbivore communities in a 80 000 km2 area (the state of Maine, U.S.A.) was characterised using historical insect survey data. Variation in insect communities was compared with corresponding variation in forest over‐storey composition, which was quantified using data from a regional forest inventory survey. 3. Principal components analysis was used to characterise associations among herbivore and tree species. Analysis of the herbivore data identified three main insect groups: group A corresponded to a single species (Choristoneura fumiferana), group B corresponded to pine‐feeding species including Semiothisa sp., and group C corresponded to the spruce‐feeding species Gilpinia hercyniae and Pikonema alaskensis. Analysis of the forest inventory data characterised three important forest types: northern hardwoods, eastern white pine, and northern spruce‐fir forest types. 4. Spatial analyses were carried out on the first two components of each of the principal components analyses. Factor 1 of the insect data showed a trend of decreasing values from south to north, while factor 2 of the forest inventory data showed an opposite trend. These inverse trends reflected the distribution of the main contributing species to the principal components analysis, C. fumiferana and Pinus strobus respectively. These distributions were highlighted further by the significant negative cross‐correlations that were found between the two factors up to distances of 120 km. 5. Analyses indicated a parallel between the geographic variation in the insect guilds associated with conifers and the geographic pattern of their conifer hosts. Hardwood‐feeding caterpillars, on the other hand, did not form well‐defined guilds and showed varying geographical distributions. The survey data showed varying quality in defining large‐scale associations in the structures of herbivore and host communities. 6. Implications for biodiversity management are discussed. 相似文献
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玉米耐冷性的数值分类研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1928年,Sellschop和Salman研究了起源于热带的若干农作物的耐冷性反应,将其分为抗冷类型、中间类型和敏感类型。玉米是喜温作物,玉米种植受温度制约。随玉米耐冷性研究不断深入,运用多因子试验综合评估玉米耐冷性,为选育耐冷玉米品种提供依据。我们研究了8个玉米自交系的52个耐冷特征,结果表明,玉米自交系可分为耐冷性强、中等和弱三种类型。 相似文献
