超抗原SEA增强小鼠对HBV DNA 疫苗的免疫反应

观察超抗原SEA(D227A)的真核表达载体（pmSEA）, 对HBV DNA 疫苗诱导Balb/c 小鼠(H2d）免疫应答的调节作用。 肌内注射空载体pcDNA3、HBV DNA 疫苗加pmSEA佐剂（pHBVS2S+pmSEA）或不加佐剂（pHBVS2S）; ELISA 法测定血清抗HBs; ELISPOT检测分泌IFN-γ的脾淋巴细胞;4 h51Cr 释放法检测小鼠脾细胞CTL 活性。HBV DNA佐剂组免疫小鼠抗HBsAg抗体滴度明显高于不加佐剂组,其IgG1/IgG2a的比例不同于多肽免疫组,二者分别为0.282与10。HBV DNA佐剂组均能增强IgG1和IgG2a的产生,是不加佐剂组的1.36、1.73倍。佐剂组小鼠脾淋巴细胞IFN-γ的分泌量是不加佐剂组2～3倍。CTL 细胞杀伤活性（E:T=100）佐剂组与不加佐剂组分别为：69.77%±7.5%、 42.81%±7.7%,差异显著(P<0.05)。HBV DNA 疫苗具有较强的免疫原性, 能够诱导机体产生特异性的抗体及CTL反应;pmSEA佐剂能够提高小鼠对DNA 疫苗的免疫应答,有望成为DNA 疫苗的免疫佐剂。     

免疫共刺激分子OX40L对乙型肝炎核酸疫苗的免疫佐剂作用

[目的]为了进一步增强HBV DNA疫苗的免疫反应,本研究将共刺激分子OX40L 作为HBV DNA疫苗的分子佐剂免疫小鼠,旨在探讨共刺激分子OX40L对HBV DNA疫苗诱导体液和细胞免疫应答的影响.[方法]我们将HBV DNA疫苗(pcDS2)单独或联合共刺激分子质粒pOX40L免疫C57BL/6小鼠;分别在第0,2,4周进行免疫,在第6周检测抗-HBs IgG、IgG1和IgG2a,T淋巴细胞增殖指数,细胞因子表达水平和体内细胞毒性T淋巴细胞杀伤作用(CTL)等免疫学指标.[结果]pceDS2联合pOX40L免疫组小鼠的抗-HBs水平显著提高,抗-HBs IgG亚类以IgG2a占优;免疫小鼠的T淋巴细胞体外经乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)刺激后,联合免疫组刺激指数(SI)明显高于pcDS2组;联合免疫组CD4 + T淋巴细胞的IL-4和IFN-γ表达水平及CD8 + T淋巴细胞的IFN-γ表达水平显著升高;DNA疫苗免疫的各组小鼠,HBsAg特异性体内CTL高于对照组,其中联合免疫组小鼠的体内CTL杀伤作用最强.[结论]共刺激分子OX40L不仅能增强HBV DNA疫苗诱导特异性体液免疫应答,还能增强特异性细胞免疫反应,尤其增强体内CTL的杀伤活性,为HBV DNA疫苗的研究奠定了基础.     

SDF-1基因对HIV-1核酸疫苗诱导的免疫应答

研究SDF-1基因对HIV-1核酸疫苗诱导免疫应答的影响,以探求治疗性HIV-1核酸疫苗的新策略。将pCIneoGAG联合SDF1基因或者pCIneoGAG单独免疫Balb/c小鼠,采用ELISA检测免疫小鼠的特异性抗体和IFNγ水平,用MTT比色法检测免疫小鼠脾淋巴细胞的增殖,用乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)试验检测小鼠特异性细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)的应答。研究结果提示:与pCIneoGAG免疫组比较,pCIneoGAG联合SDF-1基因免疫组小鼠血清的抗HIV-1p24抗体滴度降低,有显著性差异(p<0.01);而与pCIneoGAG免疫组比较,pCIneoGAG联合SDF-1基因免疫组小鼠血清的IFNγ升高,差异显著(p<0.01);pCIneoGAG联合SDF-1基因免疫组小鼠的脾淋巴细胞增殖实验刺激指数(SI)以及特异性CTL活性均高于pCIneoGAG免疫组,有显著性差异(p<0.01)。因此,SDF-1基因联合HIV-1核酸疫苗免疫小鼠,可能增强特异性Th1细胞和CTL反应,SDF-1基因对体液免疫有抑制作用。SDF-1基因对于治疗性HIV-1核酸疫苗是具有较好应用前景的免疫佐剂。     

佐剂CpG-ODN与重组HBsAg疫苗联合免疫乙型肝炎病毒转基因小鼠的免疫应答研究

目的 以CpG-ODN为佐剂与重组HBsAg(rHBsAg)疫苗合用,研究其对乙型肝炎病毒转基因(HBV Tg)小鼠模型的免疫应答效果.方法 40只HBV Tg小鼠随机分为4组,每组小鼠分别注射rHBsAg疫苗(单用rHBsAg组)、rHBsAg疫苗+CpG-ODN(试验组)、rIFNα-2b(IFN组)、生理盐水(对照组).经多次免疫HBV转基因小鼠,于免疫前、后不同时间采血,动态观察各组小鼠血清中HBsAg量、抗-HBs阳性率和HBV DNA的变化,检测肝组织中HBsAg的表达.检测免疫小鼠的外周血T淋巴细胞亚群和白细胞介素2(IL-2)、IL-12(p70)以及γ干扰素(IFN-γ)的含量,分别检测免疫小鼠的脾细胞增殖和细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)杀伤功能并计算各组小鼠肝组织活性指数(HAI).结果 rHBsAg组和rHBsAg+CpG组在免疫小鼠后2周100%诱导抗-HBs;rHBsAg+CpG组能显著降低血清中的HBsAg量或使HBsAg转阴,rHBsAg+CpG组肝组织中HBsAg的表达量与血清中一样降低,并降低血清中HBV DNA的拷贝数.rHBsAg组的CD3+、CD4+、CD8+细胞在T细胞中所占百分比,IL-2、IL-12(p70)和IFN-γ的含量以及淋巴细胞特异性增殖和杀伤效应均明显高于对照组(P＜0.05).rHBsAg+CpG组与rHBsAg组比较,免疫小鼠产生更强的HBV特异性细胞应答(P＜0.05),且以Th1型细胞免疫应答为主.在rHBsAg+CpG组肝组织中出现大量淋巴细胞,肝脏的HAI在4个组中最高.结论 CpG-ODN作为佐剂可以增强重组HBsAg疫苗诱导HBV转基因小鼠产生抗病毒免疫应答,重组HBsAg疫苗辅以CpG ODN可作为免疫治疗慢性HBV感染的可行性途经.     

双歧杆菌处理体对弱抗原免疫应答的影响

目的：探讨双歧杆菌菌处理体在疫苗免疫中的载体／佐剂作用及对诱导免疫应答的影响。方法：将双歧杆菌菌处理体偶联乙肝病毒基因工程表面抗原(HBsAg)成拟菌颗粒免疫C57 BL／6小鼠,二次免疫后5w,ELISA方法测定小鼠血清抗-HBS的阳性率及抗体效价;MTT方法测定免疫小鼠NK的杀伤活性;RT—PCR方法测定免疫小鼠脾淋巴细胞中γ干扰素(IFN-γ)的表达;生物活性方法测定该小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞α干扰素(IFN—α)分泌,并与抗原对照组、商业乙肝疫苗组、完全福氏佐剂组(CFA)进行比较,评定菌处理体佐剂疫苗的效果。初步探讨菌处理体用于疫苗的机制。结果：菌处理体疫苗组抗-HBS的阳性率与效价、NK杀伤活性、IFN—α体内诱生水平与商业疫苗对照组比较差异有显著性(P＜0．05),与CFA比较差异无显著性(P＞0．05),在菌处理组及CFA组IFN—γ表达阳性,其他两组为阴性。结论：菌处理体佐剂具有明显增强弱抗原疫苗诱导免疫应答的作用。     

SDF-1基因对HIV-1核酸疫苗诱导的免疫应答

研究SDF-1基因对HIV-1核酸疫苗诱导免疫应答的影响,以探求治疗性HIV-1核酸疫苗的新策略. 将pCI-neoGAG联合SDF-1基因或者pCI-neoGAG单独免疫Balb/c小鼠,采用ELISA检测免疫小鼠的特异性抗体和IFN-γ水平,用MTT比色法检测免疫小鼠脾淋巴细胞的增殖,用乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)试验检测小鼠特异性细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)的应答.研究结果提示 与pCI-neoGAG免疫组比较,pCI-neoGAG联合SDF-1基因免疫组小鼠血清的抗HIV-1p24抗体滴度降低,有显著性差异(p<0.01);而与pCI-neoGAG免疫组比较,pCI-neoGAG联合SDF-1基因免疫组小鼠血清的IFN-γ升高,差异显著(p<0.01);pCI-neoGAG联合SDF-1基因免疫组小鼠的脾淋巴细胞增殖实验刺激指数(SI)以及特异性CTL活性均高于pCI-neoGAG免疫组,有显著性差异(p<0.01).因此,SDF-1基因联合HIV-1核酸疫苗免疫小鼠,可能增强特异性Th1细胞和CTL反应,SDF-1基因对体液免疫有抑制作用.SDF-1基因对于治疗性HIV-1核酸疫苗是具有较好应用前景的免疫佐剂.     

不同佐剂对含S+PreS1融合抗原的乙型肝炎病毒颗粒疫苗免疫原性的影响

本研究在前期工作基础上,用CHO细胞表达的含PreS1+S融合抗原的新型基因工程HBV颗粒疫苗(HBSS1)与Al(OH)3、CpG及CpG+Al(OH)3等佐剂配伍,在Balb/C小鼠模型上研究不同佐剂对HBV颗粒疫苗肌肉注射后免疫应答的影响,主要包括抗体滴度、抗体亚型分类及特异性细胞免疫(γ-IFNELISpot检测)。结果表明:CpG佐剂结合HBSS1颗粒疫苗可快速诱导(单针免疫)高水平的抗PreS1及S抗体,IgG2a/IgG1比率1,同时可诱导较高抗原特异的细胞免疫应答;Al(OH)3+CpG双佐剂组一次免疫后可诱导产生最高的抗S抗体滴度(1:105),其产生的抗体亚类包括IgG1、IgG2a与IgG2b;在S抗原N端(13~49aa)存在优势CTL表位。结论:CpG佐剂结合HBSS1颗粒疫苗应是发展新型治疗性乙肝疫苗的较佳选项。     

阳离子脂质体DOTAP佐剂对H5N1流感病毒裂解疫苗免疫效果的影响

目的研究阳离子脂质体DOTAP佐剂对H5N1型流感病毒裂解疫苗免疫效果的影响。方法制备DOTAP阳离子脂质体流感病毒裂解疫苗(简称DOTAP流感裂解疫苗),检测其包封率。将BALB/c小鼠分为13组,分别用含0.1、1.0、10.0μg HA/只剂量以DOTAP、Al(OH)3、CPG-ODN为佐剂以及不含佐剂的流感裂解疫苗于0、21天皮下免疫,PBS作为对照组,用血凝抑制试验检测小鼠初次免疫后21、42天血清HI抗体滴度;用ELISA检测初次免疫后21、42天血清特异性IgG抗体、IgG1、IgG2a亚类抗体滴度,以及初次免疫后42天小鼠脾脏单个核细胞体外经抗原刺激后细胞因子IL-2、IL-4、IFN-γ的分泌水平。将BALB/c小鼠分为3组,分别用含不同DOTAP剂量(100、300、600μg/只)的DOTAP流感裂解疫苗于0、21天皮下免疫,检测初次免疫后21、42天小鼠血清HI抗体滴度和IgG抗体滴度。结果 DOTAP流感裂解疫苗粒径在300~400 nm,带正电荷,包封率在50%以上;DOTAP流感裂解疫苗诱导的HI抗体水平和特异性IgG抗体水平均高于流感裂解疫苗,而与铝佐剂和Cp G-ODN佐剂间差异无统计学意义;DOTAP流感裂解疫苗产生的抗体仍以IgG1亚类抗体为主,免疫后42天诱导的IgG2a亚类抗体水平高于流感裂解疫苗和铝佐剂,低于Cp G-ODN佐剂;DOTAP流感裂解疫苗免疫后既分泌高水平Th1型细胞因子IFN-γ,同时也分泌高水平Th2型细胞因子IL-4;不同DOTAP剂量的DOTAP流感裂解疫苗免疫后,其HI抗体滴度和IgG抗体滴度在低、中、高剂量组之间存在明显的量效关系。结论 DOTAP作为H5N1型流感病毒裂解疫苗的佐剂可显著提高流感裂解疫苗的免疫原性,其对体液免疫应答的增强作用不低于铝佐剂和Cp G-ODN佐剂,并具有诱导细胞免疫应答的能力。     

HEVAg-PLGA纳米颗粒疫苗小鼠体内免疫学研究

研究重组戊型肝炎抗原(HEVAg)-乳酸/乙醇酸共聚物(PLGA)纳米颗粒抗原能否在动物体内诱导产生免疫应答。制备HEVAg-PLGA纳米颗粒抗原后,通过皮下、滴鼻、口服途径接种Balb/c小鼠,每隔4周加强免疫两次,HEVAg与铝盐佐剂(铝佐剂疫苗Al_2O_3-Ag)为对照组,一定时间内检测抗体及细胞因子的应答水平。结果HEVAg-PLGA纳米颗粒抗原在小鼠体内诱导产生有效的体液免疫、细胞免疫。滴鼻、口服途径黏膜系统中诱导产生较高滴度的IgA抗体,ELISPOT结果显示鼻腔、唾液腺中IgA ASCs数量显著增加;皮下途径诱导产生较高滴度的IgG抗体;常规铝佐剂疫苗相比于HEVAg-PLGA纳米颗粒抗原诱导较强的IgG抗体水平,未诱导产生黏膜免疫应答;HEVAg-PLGA纳米颗粒抗原诱导产生较强细胞免疫应答,皮下接种途径IFN-γ、IL-4生成细胞数量显著高于其它免疫组。与铝佐剂疫苗相比,HEVAg-PLGA纳米颗粒抗原能有效诱导产生系统免疫及黏膜免疫应答,显示HEVAg-PLGA有潜力成为备选HEV黏膜疫苗抗原,同时展示PLGA颗粒作为黏膜系统抗原递送载体及黏膜佐剂的优越性。     

HIV结构蛋白与痘苗病毒共表达产物的免疫原性研究

目的 将艾滋病病毒外膜蛋白(env)与干扰素(IFNα-2b)融合基因表达的融合蛋白作为免疫原免疫小鼠,观察小鼠的免疫功能状态和细胞免疫应答.方法 将IFNα-2b基因片段插入到env基因的下游,经脂质体转染,筛选重组痘苗病毒,经SDS-PAGE和Western blot鉴定表达产物.用重组病毒vJ1 6env/IFNα-2b免疫小鼠,以生理盐水和野生型痘苗病毒作为对照,检测小鼠脾淋巴细胞对ConA、LPS及IgG的反应性;用流式细胞仪测定小鼠脾淋巴细胞CD4 、CD8T细胞计数与CTL.结果 与对照组比较,实验组脾淋巴细胞对ConA、LPS及IgG的反应性显著增高(P＜0.05);CD4T淋巴细胞计数和CTL活性也显著增高(P＜0.05);CD8T淋巴细胞计数呈增高趋势,但未达到显著意义的程度.结论 重组痘苗病毒v J16env/IFNα-2b能增强小鼠的免疫功能和诱导细胞免疫.     

Enhancing the potency of HBV DNA vaccines using fusion genes of HBV-specific antigens and the N-terminal fragment of gp96

BACKGROUND: Many clinical trials show that DNA vaccine potency needs to be greatly enhanced. We have reported that the N-terminal fragment of glycoprotein 96 (gp96) is able to produce an adjuvant effect for production of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-specific peptides. Here, we report a new strategy for HBV DNA vaccine design using a partial gp96 sequence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We linked the N-terminal 1-355aa (N355) of gp96 to HBV genes encoding for structural proteins, the major S and middle S2S envelope proteins and the truncated core HBcAg (1-149aa). ELISPOT, tetramer staining and intracellular IFN-gamma assay were performed to analyze the induced cellular immune responses of our DNA constructs in BALB/c mice and HLA-A2 transgenic mice. The relative humoral immune responses were analyzed in different IgG isotypes. RESULTS: The fusion genes induced 2- to 6-fold higher HBV-specific CD8(+) T cells as compared to the antigens alone. There was an approximate 10-fold decrease in the humoral immune responses with fusion genes based on HBV envelope proteins. Interestingly, the decreased humoral immune responses were not observed when antigens and plasmid encoding N355 were co-delivered. However, an approximate 20-fold higher antibody level was induced when linking N355 to a truncated HBcAg. Immunization by intramuscular injection resulted in predominantly IgG2a antibodies, which indicated that these vaccines preferentially prime Th1 responses. CONCLUSIONS: We constructed highly immunogenic fusions by linking the N-terminal fragment of gp96 to HBV antigens. Our results imply that the N-terminal fragment of gp96 may be used as a molecular adjuvant to enhance the potency of DNA vaccines.     

乙肝病毒DNA疫苗的构建及其诱导小鼠的免疫应答

构建含adr亚型HBV表面抗原基因的核酸疫苗 ,考察人白细胞介素II基因及重组白细胞介素II的免疫佐剂作用。用含有人白细胞介素II基因的真核表达质粒及基因重组白细胞介素II蛋白作为佐剂 ,将编码乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原的重组真核表达质粒 pVAX/HBS免疫BALB/C小鼠 (试验组 ) ,同时设置注射质粒pVAX的阴性对照组 ,并分别于第 2 ,4周后加强免疫各 1次。试验组在第 4周时开始有HBsAb产生 ,阴性对照组未测到HbsAb ,试验组和对照组均未检测到HBsAg。乙肝病毒DNA疫苗能引起小鼠特异性体液免疫应答 ,白细胞介素II的真核表达质粒的佐剂作用不明显 ,基因重组白细胞介素II蛋白具有提高小鼠对乙肝病毒核酸疫苗免疫应答水平的佐剂活性。     

DNA immunization with Plasmodium falciparum serine repeat antigen: regulation of humoral immune response by coinoculation of cytokine expression plasmid

We immunized mice with plasmid expressing the 47-kDa amino-terminal domain of the Plasmodium falciparum serine repeat antigen (SERA) using gene gun and investigated humoral immune response to SERA antigen. Significant SERA-specific IgG was observed in BALB/c mice after immunization three times with SERA expression plasmid. Furthermore, these levels were increased by the coinoculation of cytokine (IFN-gamma, IL-4, GM-CSF, or IL-12) expression plasmid. In respect to the SERA-specific Ig subclasses, coinoculation of IFN-gamma, GM-CSF, or IL-12 expression plasmid increased the levels of SERA-specific IgG2a, and these were much higher than that in mice immunized with SERA expression plasmid alone. In contrast to the SERA-specific IgG2a, coinoculation of any cytokine expression plasmid did not change the levels of SERA-specific IgG1. These results indicate that cytokine expression plasmid enhances and regulates humoral immune response elicited by SERA DNA immunization.     

Elicitation of immunity in mice after immunization with the S2 subunit of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus

The S2 domain of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) spike (S) protein is responsible for fusion between virus and target cell membranes, and is expected to be immungenic. In this study, we investigated the immune responses against the S2 subunit in BALB/c mice, which were vaccinated either with plasmid DNA encoding the S2 domain (residues 681-1120), the recombinant S2 fragment (residues 681-980) in incomplete Freund's adjuvant, or with inactivated SARS-CoV. The increased number of specific cytotoxic cells (CTLs) and the high titer of specific antibody showed stimulation of both arms of the immune system in these groups. The shift in cytokines suggested that Th1-polarized immune response was induced by plasmid pCoVS2, meanwhile the Th2-dominant response was induced by recombinant S2 fragment and inactivated vaccine. However, the titer of neutralizing antibodies was only detectable in mice immunized with inactivated virus, but not with pCoVS2 plasmid. Taken together, the S2 domain could induce specific cellular immune response and a high level of total IgG but little neutralizing antibodies against infection by SARSCoV.     

Coadministration of interleukin 2 plasmid DNA with combined DNA vaccines significantly enhances the protective efficacy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Coadministration of interleukin 2(IL-2) plasmid DNA with combined DNA vaccines enhanced Th1-type cellular responses by producing higher amounts of IFN-gamma with a higher ratio of antigen-specific IgG2a/IgG1. The IFN-gamma specific for Ag85B, MPT64, and MPT83 in this group was 415, 267, and 255 U/ml, respectively, and was 1.6-, 1.8-, and 2.5-fold higher than that of the same vaccine without adding IL-2. The IgG2a/IgG1 ratio for Ag85B, MPT64, and MPT83 was 4, 8, and 4, respectively, upon addition of the genetic adjuvant in the DNA vaccine, which was four times higher for every antigen when IL-2 was not included. Fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis showed that, in the presence of IL-2, CD8+ and CD4+ T cells increased significantly, whereas in the absence of the genetic adjuvant, only a mild increase was observed for CD8+ T cells compared to the vector DNA-treated group. Bacterial CFU was reduced to less than 1/100 in the lung and to about 1/10 in the spleen relative to the same combined DNA vaccine without IL-2. The lungs of this group of mice showed much less damage due to an influx of epithelioid macrophages and less lymphocytes. RT-PCR showed that antigen genes could be detected in more organs and for a longer period of time when treated with combined DNA vaccine formulated in IL-2. We suggest that IL-2 enhanced the immunigencity and protective efficacy in immunized mice by improving the Th1-type response and also by prolonging the antigen gene expression in different organs.     

Leishmania major: Protective capacity of DNA vaccine using amastin fused to HSV-1 VP22 and EGFP in BALB/c mice model

An intercellular spreading strategy using herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) VP22 protein is employed to enhance DNA vaccine potency of Leishmania major amastin antigen in BALB/c mice model. We evaluated the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of plasmid DNA vaccines encoding amastin-enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) and VP22-amastin-EGFP. Optimal cell-mediated immune responses were observed in BALB/c mice immunized with VP22-amastin-EGFP as assessed by cytokine gene expression analysis using real time RT-PCR. Vaccination with the VP22-amastin-EGFP fusion construct elicited significantly higher IFN-gamma response upon antigen stimulation of splenocytes from immunized mice compared to amastin as a sole antigen. Mice immunized by VP22-amastin-EGFP showed partial protection following infectious challenge with L. major, as measured by parasite load in spleens. These results suggest that the development of DNA vaccines encoding VP22 fused to a target Leishmania antigen would be a promising strategy to improve immunogenicity and DNA vaccine potency.     

IL-12增强HBV融合抗原DNA疫苗在小鼠诱导的细胞免疫应答

乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)极易形成慢性感染,主要机制在于感染者不能产生强有力的细胞免疫应答以清除病毒[1].慢性HBV感染者体内虽然存在HBV抗原特异性T淋巴细胞,但对HBV抗原的反应性较低.研究发现,增强这类T淋巴细胞的反应性,可以促进HBV的清除[2].     

Role of fusogenic non-PC liposomes in elicitation of protective immune response against experimental murine salmonellosis

Earlier we have demonstrated that novel fusogenic liposomes made up of lipid from Escherichia coli (escheriosomes) have strong tendency to fuse with the plasma membrane of target cells and thereby delivering the entrapped contents into their cytosol. The delivery of entrapped antigen in cytosol of the target cells ensues its processing and presentation along with MHC class I pathway that eventually elicit antigen specific cytotoxic T cells. The result of the present study revealed that immunization of BALB/c mice with escheriosome-encapsulated Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium) cytosolic antigens resulted in the augmentation of antigen specific cytotoxic T cell lymphocyte as well as IgG responses. In contrast, free or conventional liposome (PC liposome) encapsulated antigen failed to induce CD8+ CTLs in the immunized animals. Further, immunization with escheriosome-encapsulated antigen resulted in significant enhancement in the release of IFN-gamma and IgG2a in the experimental animals. Interestingly, the immunization with escheriosome-encapsulated antigen resulted in upregulation of CD80 and CD86 on the surface of antigen presenting cells (APCs) as well. Finally, the results of the present study reveal that immunization of animals with escheriosomes encapsulated antigen protected them against virulent S. typhimurium infection. This was evident by increased survival, and reduced bacterial burden in vital organs of the immunized animals. The data of the present study suggest that escheriosomes can emerge as an effective vehicle for intracellular delivery of antigen and thus hold promise in development of liposome based vaccine against Salmonella and other intracellular pathogens.     

携带HBV包膜大蛋白DNA疫苗的减毒沙门菌在小鼠诱导免疫应答

探索一种简便、有效的乙型肝炎病毒DNA疫苗免疫方法。将编码绿色荧光蛋白的真核表达质粒pEGFPN1转化到减毒鼠伤寒沙门菌SL7207,灌胃饲服BALB/c小鼠,流式细胞术检测出小鼠脾细胞内表达的绿色荧光蛋白;构建编码HBV包膜大蛋白的DNA疫苗pCIS1S2S,分别以SL7207为载体的口服途径或直接肌肉注射途径免疫BALB/c小鼠,检测小鼠的血清抗体、T细胞增殖和细胞毒性T淋巴细胞反应,结果表明两种免疫途径均能在小鼠体内诱生细胞和体液免疫应答,但口服途径诱导免疫应答的强度明显强于肌肉注射途径。口服携带HBV DNA疫苗的减毒伤寒沙门菌可能代表一种简便、有效的治疗乙型肝炎的新方法。 