基础化学实验课程思政建设的探索

在基础化学实验课程中以"统筹规划、共建共享"为原则,在实验教学过程中深入挖掘各实验课程和实验项目中蕴含的思政教育资源,凝练成涵盖"家国情怀""科学家/大国工匠""科技创新(理论/技术和方法创新)""安全环保""社会责任/职业素养""朋辈榜样"六大主题的化学实验课程思政案例库,并结合多形态呈现的"智能+教学"实验教学模式,多途径强化教师"育德"能力,充分发挥化学实验课程育人功能。     

农科基础化学实验研究性教学模式的构建与实践

针对农林高校化学实验教学中存在的问题, 提出以培养学生自主学习和创新能力为教学目标, 通过优化教学内容、改革教学方法, 提高学生学习兴趣, 形成了基础实验、综合设计性实验、研究性实验和创新实验等多层次实验教学体系, 构建了农科基础化学实验研究性教学模式。这对于提高学生的学习效率, 培养学生的自主学习能力与创新能力具有重要意义。     

碱式碳酸铜制备实验的教学设计

针对传统实验教学中存在的"教师讲授-学生实验"的验证模仿式教学模式的弊端,以实验教学目标的多维化和建构主义学习理论为教学设计的理念指导,设计了碱式碳酸铜的制备实验的教学过程:通过创设碱式碳酸铜及其应用的相关情境,激发学生学习兴趣;进而围绕制备路线的确定、反应条件的控制和实验方案的设计提出5个问题,启发学生积极思考和交流讨论;在此基础上引导学生自主完成实验方案的设计;最后,提供拓展性实验资源,促进知识的迁移应用。该教学设计有利于教师从单纯注重知识传授转变为引导学生学会学习,全面提高实验素养。     

农业院校研究创新性化学实验的设计——绿色水热法快速制备荧光碳点

结合农业院校特色和应用化学类专业特点,将科研成果转化为实验教学内容,设计"绿色水热法快速制备荧光碳点"的创新性化学实验。通过本实验项目,学生可了解水热法和碳点相关制备方法及表征技术,掌握透射电镜、荧光光谱仪等大型仪器的结构、原理及操作技能,增强学生的基础知识和实验技能;同时将当前的研究热点引入到实验教学中,激发了学生的探究心理与学习热情,开阔了学生视野,有利于培养学生发掘身边可用资源的科研思维和创新实践能力,提高了学生解决实际问题的能力,开启了农业院校研究型创新化学实验教学模式的新思路。     

常态化疫情防控下的仪器分析实验教学实践的探讨

结合仪器分析实验的特点和教学中存在的问题,阐述了虚拟仿真技术应用于仪器分析实验教学对线下实验的补充作用,并介绍了虚拟仿真实验教学在应对"停课不停学"等特殊状况的出色表现,通过问卷和互动反馈,准确评估学生的学习状况,指出虚拟仿真实验的局限性,提出线上虚拟仿真与线下课堂实验相结合的教学模式,促进仪器分析实验教学质量的提升。     

无机化学实验教学中的几点尝试

针对无机化学实验教学中存在的学生实验操作不规范、理论联系实际能力不足、学习兴趣不大等问题,提出了在实验教学过程中,以强化规范实验操作、培养良好实验习惯为教学目标,同时通过实验设计、趣味化学实验、举办优秀作品展示等活动,提高学生理论联系实际的能力及对无机化学实验课程的学习兴趣。     

增强大学生学习自我效能感的化学实验教学策略*——以“药物制剂工程实验”为例

以提高大学生化学实验积极性和实验学习效率为目标,在“药物制剂工程实验”课程中实施能增强大学生学习自我效能感的化学实验教学策略。以“乳剂的制备”实验为研究背景,设计并实施了三阶段的实验教学流程。同时,通过构建过程性评价量化指标、开展三方评价和问卷调查等形式,对该化学实验教学策略的实施效果进行了评价。通过对比实验组和对照组学生的过程性评价成绩和问卷调查结果,发现实验组平均得分大多高于对照组,说明采用了本实验教学策略的实验组学生的自我效能感高于对照组,因此,本实验中采取的提高大学生自我效能感的化学实验教学措施确实有效且具有实际意义。     

“深度学习”视野下高中化学实验教学：问题与对策

"深度学习"视野下化学实验能够促进学生建构知识、培养学生基于实验的化学学科思维、提高学生的科学探究能力。但现行高中化学实验教学中学生的学习大多仍停留在浅层学习层面,通过查阅文献并结合教学案例分析得出造成学生浅层学习的原因。针对这些原因,提出了相应的教学策略并通过案例进行论证,以期促进学生的深度学习。这些教学策略主要包括以下几个方面：确立高阶思维发展的实验教学目标,选择具有挑战性的实验问题,建构真实批判的实验情境,整合意义联接的实验内容,采用流程图、思维导图等工具梳理实验流程,建立持续关注的反馈评价方式。     

化学类本科综合化学实验教学的实践与思考

综合化学实验是联系基础化学实验和过渡到本科毕业论文专题研究的一个桥梁。本文根据笔者多年的设计型综合实验教学,概要阐述了综合化学实验教学中如何贯彻综合化学的基本特征,依照"教师引导,学生主体"的思想,帮助学生了解学科发展的前沿热点,锻炼查阅文献和阅读、提炼其实验精华、主动探究和学习的能力,以达到锻炼学生的实验操作能力和提高学生的整体素质。     

化学实验是研究性学习的重要途径

化学研究性学习应以课堂教学为主阵地,在中学化学教学中,充分利用化学学科"以实验为基础"的基本特征,挖掘和开发化学实验在研究性学习中的功能,对于改变学生的学习方法,形成终身学习的能力,培养科学探究能力具有重要的意义。对化学课堂中如何利用实验教学开展研究性学习从几个方面进行了探讨。     

“线上线下-虚实结合”在有机化学实验教学中的应用探索——以正溴丁烷的制备实验为例

In response to the impact of the Covid-19 epidemic on organic chemistry laboratory teaching, this article analyzes and discusses the current limitation of traditional organic chemistry laboratory teaching. Taking the "preparation of n-bromobutane" as an example, a new "online-offline and virtual-actual combination" teaching mode with the combination of "Tencent Meeting, MLabs, laboratory and WeChat group" is introduced. The practice of the new mode of teaching includes the following steps: pre-class online guiding by teacher, student preview and practice based on the virtual simulation platform, students and teacher discussion and operation in laboratory, and post-classcomprehensive assessment and Q&A", and good teaching effects have been received. It is significant in cultivating and improving the independent innovation and practical ability, and provides reference for the organic chemistry laboratory teaching reform and also lays a foundation for the construction of "outstanding course" of organic chemistry.     

“高分子材料合成创新实验”线上教学探索与实践

Based on the platform of "QQ share screen + video live broadcast", through the combination of "online theory teaching", "development of home alternative experiment", "game type" experimental operation and "virtual simulation experiment", we carried out the online teaching of polymer material synthesis innovation laboratories, integrating "theory + practice" and "virtual + reality", which is also a good opportunity for labor education. These explorations and practices are expected to provide some references for online teaching of chemical laboratory courses during the COVID-19 epidemic.     

三维三层次全开放实验教学模式下大学生创新能力的培养——以中级无机化学实验为例

The "three-dimensional and three-level fully open" laboratory teaching mode, namely a fully open mode including three-dimensionson time, space and content as well asthree-levels from basic laboratory, professional laboratory to scientific research laboratory, aims to motivate undergraduate students to fully participate in scientific research from time and "space", and to take the fully open mode including contents and instruments based on the individual needs and development of students. Through the exploration and practice for many years, it is found that the laboratory teaching mode is conducive to bring the principle part-students-into full play and to cultivate the students' scientific research and innovative ability, and furthermore to enrich the connotation of "Project of Undergraduate Teaching Quality". Thus, it can provide qualified talents with innovative spirit and ability, together with competitive strength for the construction of an innovation-oriented country in the future.     

以培养自我调节学习能力为导向的分析化学实验混合教学模式

In the analytical chemistry laboratory, students were divided into the experiment group and the control group. We adopted the mixed teaching mode, which highlighted the designing Bloom's cognitive goals for education, as well as blending the flipped classroom and the problem-oriented teaching for the experiment group to explore an appropriate teaching mode, aiming at fostering the ability of lifelong learning mainly based on the self-regulated learning. By contrast, the traditional teaching mode was used in the control group. At the end of the course, the effect of the mixed teaching mode was evaluated according to interviews, messages on the teaching platform and the unified test. The results showed that the teaching effect of the mixed teaching mode was better. Moreover, all the students of the experiment group preferred the mixed teaching mode. The teaching practice proved that it was favorable for students to set study goals and build the corresponding self-regulated learning strategies.     

有机合成化学"三位一体"混合教学模式探索与实践

In order to improve the quality of teaching and cultivate chemical innovation talents in university for nationalities, in the course of organic synthetic chemistry curriculum construction, efforts were made to overcome problems such as the single teaching objective, abstract and boring teaching content, tedious and relatively dull teaching methods and low enthusiasm for students' learning, etc. According to the study rule of "before class-on class-after class", the trinity mixed teaching mode of "teaching goal-teaching means-practice examination" was constructed. Through the construction of the "teaching goal-teaching means-innovative practice" trinity mixed teaching mode, we refined teaching objectives, optimized teaching methods, implemented small classes, improved assessment methods, designed comprehensive laboratory programs, reinforced practices, and reformed the assessment measures. Discussion on teaching reform and practice of organic synthetic chemistry was carried out from multiple perspectives. Through the practice of teaching reform, the teaching effect has been improved, the enthusiasm of students to learn organic synthetic chemistry has been improved, and the expected effect of cultivating students' innovative ability has been achieved.     

线上线下混合式物理化学实验研究型教学改革

针对目前实验教学在创新型人才培养中存在的问题,介绍了北京航空航天大学化学学院物理化学实验教学的改革与实践情况。结合线上教学灵活、不受时空限制,以及线下教学培养学生动手操作能力和严谨求实的科学素养的特点,从递进式教学内容设计、个性化实验操作指导和训练、科研式论文报告总结、针对性展示和专题分析等方面进行了线上线下混合式研究型教学改革。将理论方法、虚拟操作、实际训练和总结提升等相结合,充分发挥教师指导和学生主体的优势,多维度培养和提升学生的科学素养、创新思维和综合创新能力,为提升实验教学质量和促进创新型人才培养提供了有益的借鉴。     

学科能力导向的“物质构成的奥秘”教学研究

以王磊提出的化学学科能力框架为理论依据,对“物质构成的奥秘”主题进行分析,从核心知识经验、认识角度思路、认识对象及问题、能力活动要素等4个维度构建了“物质构成的奥秘”主题的学科能力模型。运用实验法进行教学实践,证实了本研究设计的教学方式更有利于学生学科能力的发展提升。最后提出学科能力导向的“物质构成的奥秘”教学设计模式和教学实施的有效策略:(1)单元整体系统化设计,有层次有梯度的发展学生学科能力;(2)侧重应用实践型任务的解决,外显知识的输出性功能和价值;(3)重视核心知识和认识角度的建立过程;(4)追问、外显学生的认识角度和认识思路。     

有机化学与实验课程在线“双练教学”模式的探索与实践

In the online organic chemistry and laboratory courses, the open or semi open quizzes before class and after class are adopted to explore the "dual quizzes teaching" mode on the network teaching platform. As the progress of "dual quizzes teaching", students' learning weakness, confidence and enthusiasm are improved continuously. Through the analysis of online students' learning data, questionnaire and interactive feedback, the teachers can evaluate the learning situation of the students and regulate instructional content in time. As a result of teaching online, the "dual quizzes teaching" mode has achieved highly positive effect.     

浅谈制药工程专业有机化学实验教学的心得和体会——以三苯甲醇的制备和重结晶实验为例

有机化学实验是制药工程专业的一门必修课,旨在训练学生有机合成基本实验技能。本文以三苯甲醇的制备和重结晶实验为例,讲述了笔者在多年教学中获得的一点感悟和经验:1)将实验步骤分解成片断讲解可以使学生更好地理解和记忆实验过程和操作目的;2)重要的基本操作应反复练习,即"学习、复习、提高",通过三次重复练习来实现巩固和熟练掌握该操作的目的。     

华东师范大学青少年化学科普基地的探索与实践

为激发青少年科学兴趣、培养青少年化学探究与创新能力和拓展高等院校的社会服务功能,华东师范大学建设了面向社会开放的青少年化学科普基地。科普基地以化学探索工作室、化学实践工作室和化学实验数字化工作室为主体,在空间布局上突出化学特色,具有科技展馆的视觉效果。科普基地开设了系列化学科普讲座、系列趣味化学实验及化学探究课题,构建了"中小学生、在校师范生和中小学教师"三位一体的教学实践模式,在青少年化学知识普及和实践创新能力培养方面取得了较好的实践效果。华东师范大学化学科普基地实现了青少年科普基地与学校常规教学工作的有机结合,有效地解决了高校自身培养目标与服务社会之间的矛盾,希望能为高等院校科普基地的建设提供有益的借鉴。